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________________ rAjasthAnI 'bAtoM' meM pAtra aura caritracitraNa So manohara zarmA kahAnI meM pAtroMkA kArya - vyApAra unake caritrakA prakAzana karatA hai / ataH unakA sajIva honA Avazyaka hai, ve nirjIva nahIM hone caahie| unameM svAbhAvikatAkA guNa jarUrI hai / isIse pAThakoM ko vAstavika rasAnubhUti hotI hai / pAtroMkI alaukika athavA asAdhAraNa zakti se kutUhala bhale hI paidA ho jAe parantu unake sAtha hRdayakA saMbaMdha nahIM jur3a sakatA / unameM mAnavIya hRdayake zAzvata manobhAvoMkA prakAzana honA cAhie, jisase ki pAThaka unako apane jaisA ho mAna kara unake sAtha sahAnubhUti prakaTa kara sakeM / kahAnI meM pAtroMkI adhikatA bhI vAMchanIya nhiiN| kaI rAjasthAnI bAtoMmeM yaha guNa sundara rUpameM dekhA jAtA hai parantu aneka bAtoMmeM pAtroMkI saMkhyA kAphI bar3hI huI milatI hai| pAtroMkI isa adhikatAkA kAraNa unake itivRtta ke rUpameM upasthita kiyA jAtA hai / jina bAtoM meM kisI aitihAsika pAtrakA vivaraNa denA abhISTa hotA hai, unameM aneka prakArake aura bahuta adhika pAtra dekhe jAte haiM, jaise amarasiMgha rAThor3a gajasiMgho - gharI bAta, ' mahArAja zrIpadamasiMgharI bAta' Adi / rAjasthAnI bAtoM meM aitihAsika pAtroM kI pradhAnatA hai / aisA pratIta hotA hai, mAnoM bAtoMkA saMsAra unhIM basA huA hai / itanA hI nahIM, vahA~ kalpita pAtroM ko bhI aitihAsika rUpameM prastuta karanekI ceSTA kI gaI hai aura aneka lokakathAoMmeM unako caturAIke sAtha nAyakake padapara pratiSThita kara diyA gayA hai / moTe taurapara rAjasthAnI bAtoMmeM pAtroMko tIna vargoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. mAnava / 2. deva-dAnava Adi / 3. pazu-pakSI Adi / inameM prathama varga ke pAtra pradhAna haiM tathA dvitIya varga ke pAtra gaur3a haiM / ve bAtoMmeM kahIM-kahIM hI prakaTa hote haiM aura unakA sambandha tatkAlIna lokavizvAsase hai / tRtIya varga ke pAtra yatratatra bAlopayogI bAtoM meM prakaTa hote haiM / kahIM-kahIM unapara mAnava jIvanakA bar3I hI kuzalatAse AropaNa bhI kiyA gayA hai / rAjasthAnI bAtoM meM pAtroMkA caritra citraNa do rUpoMmeM huA / eka rUpameM pAtrakI vargagata vizeSatAe~ prakaTa hotI haiM aura dUsaremeM unake vyaktigata guNoM kA prakAzana hotA hai / bAtoM meM pradhAna, mohatA, purohita, koTavAla, dAMNI Adi padoMpara kAma karane vAle pAtroMke prAyaH vyaktigata nAma nahIM milate aura unako padake nAmase hI pukArA jAtA hai / ye pAtra vargagata vizeSatAoMko prakaTa karate haiM / yahI sthiti Drama, dAsa, dAsI, barI, goharI, evAla AdikI hai / inake bhI bAtoMmeM prAyaH nAma nahIM milate / asala meM isa prakArake pAtroMkA koI vizeSa mahattva nahIM hotA aura kahIM hI prakaTa hotI hai / yadi isa tarahakA koI pAtra mahattva grahaNa karatA hai 1. rAjasthAnI bAta-saMgraha ( paramparA ) 2. vahI, bAtameM inakI upasthiti kahIMto usakA nAma bhI prakaTa hotA bhASA aura sAhitya : 245
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________________ hai aura usakI vyaktigata vizeSatAeM bhI sAmane AtI haiN| isa sambandhameM bIjar3iyoM khavAsa (bAta vIramade sonagarA rI)' aura phogasI evAla (bAta phogasI evAla rI)2 Adike nAma udAharaNasvarUpa liye jA sakate haiN| rAjasthAnI bAtoMmeM prAyaH zIrSaka kisI pAtrake nAmake anusAra milatA hai| isakA spaSTa kAraNa yahI hai ki vahA~ pAtrako pradhAnatA dI gaI hai aura usakA jIvana tathA caritra prakaTa karanA bAtakA mUla uddezya hai| pAtroMkI cAritrika vizeSatAoMkA prakAzana bhI rAjasthAnI bAtoMmeM do prakArase huA hai| prathama prakArameM lekhaka dvArA pAtra vizeSake guNa athavA avaguNoMkA udghATana kara diyA jAtA hai| prAyaH aisA bAtake prAraMbhameM hI ho jAtA hai aura Age calakara pAtra tadanusAra hI kArya karatA hai / eka udAharaNa draSTavya hai "pAtasAha rI beTI paraNIyoM, depAla ghaMgha rajapUta aThai depAlapura rAja kreN| aThai au bhomIyocArI kreN| so I3 pAsa asavAra 25 rahai / so bar3A sAmaMta, bar3A taravArIyA / ara depAla piNa bar3I trvaariiyoN| jaisoI dAtAra, bar3au rajapUta / so au bhaumIcArI kreN| parakhaMDAM rA mAla le aavai| taTha gAMma mAMhe le nai khAvai-kharacai / gAMma mAMhe bar3I gar3hI, balavaMta / su depAla aThai Imai bhAMta surhai|3| caritra-citraNakA dUsara prakAra vaha hai, jisameM lekhaka svayaM apanI taraphase pAtrakI vizeSatAe~ prakaTa na karake usake kAryoM evaM zabdoM dvArA hI aisA karavAtA hai| yahI tarIkA zreSTha hai / adhikatara rAjasthAnI bAtoMmeM yahI tarIkA apanAyA gayA hai| pAtroMke caritra-citraNameM Adarza aura yathArthakA vibheda mahattvapUrNa viSaya hai| isa viSayameM donoM hI pakSa apanI-apanI vizeSatAeM rakhate haiN| inake dvArA kalAtmaka-sAmagrIke mUla uddezyakA prakAzana hotA hai| mAnava-caritrameM jahA~ AdarzakA mahattva hai, vahA~ yathArthakA bhI hai| asalameM Adarza aura yathArthake samanvita rUpakA nAma hI mAnava-jIvana hai| aisI sthitimeM mAnavajIvanake ina donoM pakSoMpara dhyAna denese hI kalAtmakasAmagrIkA uddezya saphala hotA hai / kahIM eka pakSa kucha adhika balavAn ho sakatA hai to kahIM duusraa|| rAjasthAnI bAtoMmeM pAtroMke caritrapara dhyAna denese prakaTa hotA hai ki vahA~ Adarza aura yathArtha donoM rUpoMmeM citraNa huA hai / bAtoMmeM jahA~ bahuta adhika Adarza pAtra haiM to yathArtha pAtra bhI kama nahIM haiN| rAjasthAnI bAtoMkI yaha eka vizeSatA hai / Adarza bhAratIya sAhityakI mUla pravRtti sadAse Adarza caritroMko prakaTa karanekI rahI hai| pradhAna rUpameM yahA~ kathApAtra aneka guNoMse vibhUSita dekhe jAte haiN| lekhakoMne pAThakoMke sAmane divya-caritra prastuta karane meM apanI kalAko sArthaka mAnA hai| yahI preraNA rAjasthAnI bAtoMmeM bhI hai| vahA~ isa prakArake bahusaMkhyaka pAtra haiM, jo Azcarya-janaka rUpase guNAnvita hai| samAjako bala deneke lie isa prakArake caritroMko bAtoMmeM prakAzamAna kiyA gayA hai / isa sambaMdhameM kucha udAharaNa draSTavya haiM (1) jagadeva pa~vArako bAtameM-jagadeva apanI bimAtAkI DAhake kAraNa rAjya chor3akara calA jAtA hai aura siddharAjakI sevA svIkAra karatA hai| vahA~ vaha apane svAmIkI AyuvRddhike lie apane pUre 1. rAjasthAnI vAtAM (zrI sUryakaraNa pArIka) 2. varadA, bhAga 5, aMka 4 / 3. bAtAM ro jhUmakho, duujo| 246 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha
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________________ parivArake sira taka deneko taiyAra hotA hai| isapara use pracura sampatti aura sammAna milatA hai| dAnI vaha aisA hai ki apanA sira taka kATakara kaMkAlI bhATaNI ko saharSa bheMTa kara detA hai / isa dAnake Age siddharAja bhI hAra mAna jAtA hai / kaMkAlI zaktisvarUpA hai / vaha jagadevako punarjIvita kara detI hai / isa prakAra jagadeva pa~vAra svAmibhakti aura dAnazIlatAkA ujjvala Adarza prakaTa karatA hai|' (2) pAbUjI rAThaur3akI bAtameM-pAbUjI devalade nAmaka cAraNIse usakI kAlamI nAmaka ghor3I isa zartapara lete haiM ki jaba kabhI usake dhana (gAya Adi) para saMkaTa upasthita hogA to ve apanA sira dekara bhI usakI rakSA kreNge| kAlAntarameM pAbUjIkA vivAha nizcita hotA hai aura jaba ve vara-rUpameM phere (bhA~vara) lete haiM, taba unheM devaladepara Ae hue saMkaTakI sUcanA milatI hai| ve vaivAhika kArya bIca meM hI chor3a dete haiM aura apanA vacana nibhAneke lie zatruoMse yuddha karate hue kAma Ate haiN| isa prakAra pAbUjI praNavIratAke Adarza haiN| (3) rAva raNamallako bAtameM-akhA saMkha lA sIMghala rAjapUtoMke sAtha dhAr3e (lUTa) ke lie jAtA hai aura ve iMdA rAjapUtoMke bAhalave gA~vasI sADe (UMTaniyAM) lekara vApisa lauTane lagate haiN| isI samaya pIchese indA-saradAra Ate haiN| sIMghala bhAga chuTate haiM parantu akhA sAMkhalA vahIM DaTa jAtA hai| vaha yuddha meM indoMke hAtha mArA jAtA hai parantu marate samaya kahatA hai ki merA svAmI raNamalla isakA badalA legaa| jaba yaha khabara raNamallake pAsa pahu~catI hai to vaha tatkAla saba kAma chor3akara apane thor3ese yoddhAoM sahita indoMke gA~va AtA hai aura unakI ghor3iyA~ lekara calatA banatA hai| isapara indA-saradAra senA sahita pIchA karate haiN| yuddha hotA hai, jisameM indoMko parAjaya hotI hai| isa prakAra raNamalla badalA lene tathA sevakasahAnubhUtikA Adarza upasthita karatA hai / (4) patAI rAvalakI bAtameM-gujarAtakA bAdazAha mahamUda baMgar3A usake kile pAvAgar3hakA gherA DAlatA hai aura patAI bar3I dRr3hatApUrvaka usakI rakSA karatA hai| antameM use dhokhA hotA hai aura gar3hakA patana ho jAtA hai| patAI aura usake saba sAthI yuddha karate hue prANa tyAga dete hai| kile meM rAniyA~ jauhara vratakA anuSThAna karake bhasma ho jAtI hai| itanA honepara bAdazAha kile meM praveza kara pAtA hai| isa prakAra patAI rAvala janmabhUmi-prema aura sarvasva-balidAnakA Adarza upasthita karatA hai| (5) sayaNI cAraNIkI bAtameM vIjANaMda cAraNa sayaNIke prati AkarSita hokara usake sAtha vivAhakA prastAva rakhatA hai parantu isa vivAha hetu eka zarta AtI hai, jisakI 6 mAsameM pUtti honI Avazyaka hai / vIjANaMda zartakI pUrti hetu paryaTana karatA hai| jaba vaha kAma pUrA karake lauTatA hai to 6 mAsa pUre ho cakate haiM aura sayaNI himAlayapara galaneke lie gharase nikala jAtI hai| bIjANaMda usake pIche jAtA hai parantu sayaNI himAlayapara pahu~cakara gala cukatI hai| aisI sthitimeM bIjANaMda bhI vahIM gala jAtA hai| isa prakAra bIjANaMda premakA Adarza upasthita karatA hai|" 1. rAjasthAnI vAtAM (zrI sUryakaraNa pArIka) 2. vhii| 3. varadA (73) 4. rAjasthAnI vAtAM, bhAga 1 (zrInarottamadAsa svAmI) 5. vhii| bhASA aura sAhitya : 247
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________________ ... (6) arajana hamIra bhImotakI bAtameM-murgoMkI lar3AI karavAte samaya hamIra dRr3hatApUrvaka prakaTa karatA hai ki gardana kaTanepara bhI zUravIra apane zatruko samApta kara sakatA hai| usakA aisA kahanA Azcaryajanaka pratIta hotA hai parantu jaba somaiyA mahAdevapara zAhI-senA AtI hai to hamIra yuddha meM apanA sira kaTaneke bAda bhI mArane vAle zatruko samApta kara detA hai / isa prakAra hamIra 'jUjhAra'kA kArya karatA hai / vaha eka sAtha hI dharmavIra aura yuddhavIra donoMkA Adarza hai / ' (7) kavalasI sAMkhala aura bharamalakI--bAtameM kavalasIkA yaha niyama hai ki vaha kisI kanyAkI sagAIke lie usake pAsa AyA huA nAriyala vApisa nahIM lauttaataa| sAMkhalA-vaMza aura kharala-vaMzakA baira hai| kharala kisI prakAra badalA lene kI cintAmeM hai| ve apanI aMdhI lar3akI bharamalakI sagAIkA nAriyala kavalasIke pAsa bhejate haiM aura vivAhake samaya use mAra DAlanekA Sar3ayaMtra racate haiN| kavalasIkA pitA yaha nAriyala asvIkAra kara detA hai parantu jaba jaGgalameM zikArake lie kavalasIko yaha nAriyala diyA jAtA hai to vaha ise grahaNa kara letA hai| phira vivAhake lie bArAta jAtI hai| pheroMmeM graMthibaMdhana hote hI patike satyAcaraNake prabhAvase bharamalake netroMmeM jyoti A jAtI hai aura vaha use SaDyaMtrakA saMketa kara detI hai, jisase kavalasI bacakara nikala jAtA hai| phira vaha apanI sasurAlake pradezameM bharamalake pAsa akelA hI himmata karake AtA hai| vahIM use chipAkara 6 mAsa taka mahalameM rakha liyA jAtA hai| aMtameM vaha caturAIse bharamalako sAtha lekara vidA ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra kavalasI satyaparAyaNatA aura sAhasakA Adarza upasthita karatA hai| Upara sAta Adarza pAtroMke caritrakI carcA kI gaI hai| ye sabhI puruSa-pAtra haiN| isI prakAra rAjasthAno bAtoMmeM Adarza nArIpAtroMkA caritra bhI draSTavya hai| (1) jasamA oDaNIkI bAtameM-jasamA oDa jAtikI strI hai, jo miTTI khodanekA dhaMdhA karatI hai| usake rUpa-saundaryapara mugdha hokara rAjA use aneka prakArase pralobhana detA hai parantu vaha sarvathA asvIkAra kara detI hai| aMtameM oDa loga Dara kara eka rAta bhAga chuTate haiN| rAjA senA bhejakara unako maravA detA hai / jasamA satI ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra jasamA oDaNI dRr3hatA evaM satItvakA Adarza prakaTa karatI hai|' (2) vIramade salakhAvatakI bAta-meM zAhI senA vIramadekA pIchA karatI hai aura vaha bhAga kara jAMgalUkI dharatI meM pahu~catA hai / vahA~ke rAjA UdA mUMjAvatase vaha sArI sthiti batalA kara zaraNa denekI prArthanA karatA hai| UdA apanI mAtAke sAmane samasyA prastuta karatA hai| usakI mAtA use kahatI hai ki vIramadeko zaraNa avazya dI jaave| tadanusAra vIramadeko jAMgalUke koTameM rakha liyA jAtA hai / pIche lagI haI zAhI senA bhI vahAM A pahu~catI hai| UdA usake pradhAnako samajhAkara bAhara hI eka rAta bhara DeroMmeM roka detA hai aura isI bIca vIramadeko joIyoMkI dharatImeM bheja diyA jAtA hai| dUsare dina koTameM vIramadeke na milanepara zAhIsenApati UdAko pakar3atA hai aura pairoMkI orase usakI khAla baiMcanekI taiyArI hotI hai| usakI mAtA koTakI dIvArase yaha dRzya dekhakara jorase AvAja detI hai ki vIramade UdAke pairoM meM nahIM hai, vaha usakI khoparImeM haiM, ataH khoparIkI khAla utArI jAveM / vRddhAke isa vacanase prasanna hokara senApati UdAko chor3a detA hai aura vahA~se 1. sAdhanA, aMka 7 / 2. bAta kavalasI sAMkhalairI (hastaprati, abhaya jaina pustakAlaya, bIkAnera) 3. rAjasthAnI vAtAM, bhAga 1 (zrI narottamadAsa svAmI) 248 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha .
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________________ lauTa jAtA hai| isa prakAra UdAkI mAtA eka anupama Adarza upasthita karatI hai| vaha zaraNAgatakI rakSAko apanA dharma samajhane vAlI vIra mAtA hai|' (3) kuMgare balocakI bAtameM mahAbalI kUgarekI beTI hAMsU apane mRta pitAkI icchApUrtike lie puruSaveSameM jaisalamerake ghor3e lUTaneke lie cala par3atI hai| mArgameM usakI oDhe saradArase bheMTa hotI hai aura ve sAjhemeM 'dhAr3A' (DAkA) karane ke lie Age bar3hate haiN| ve jaisalamerake ghor3e gherakara le Ate hai / pIchese senA AtI hai / oDhA ghor3e lekara Age bar3hatA hai aura hAMsU akelI sArI senAko rokakara chakA detI hai| senA hAra kara lauTa jAtI hai| Age Anepara laTameM prApta ghoDoMkA hissA hotA hai aura oDhA hAMsako pahacAna letA hai ki vaha lar3akI hai| phira unakA Apasa meM vivAha hotA hai aura hAMsUke garbhase vIra jakhar3A janma letA hai| isa prakAra hAMsU eka vIra putrIkA Adarza upasthita karatI hai| ___ (4) mahIMdro soDho sambaMdhI bAtameM momalakA premI mahendarA soDhA usake pAsa prati rAtri bar3I dUrase calakara pahu~catA hai eka rAta usake bar3I derase Aneke kAraNa saba so jAte haiM aura daravAjA nahIM khula paataa| isase vaha nArAja ho jAtA hai| premIkI nArAjIkA patA lagAne ke lie momala svayaM usake yahA~ pahu~catI hai / mahendarA bAgameM jAkara baiTha jAtA hai| aura momalako jhUThA saMdeza bhijavA detA hai ki sAMpa dvArA kATe jAneke kAraNa usakI mRtyu ho cukI hai| isa samAcArako sunate hI momala apanA zarIra chor3a detI hai| isa prakAra vaha eka Adarza premikAke rUpameM prakaTa hotI hai isa bAtakA rUpAntara bhI milatA hai, jisameM mahendarAkI nArAjIkA kAraNa dUsarA hI dikhalAyA gayA hai| (5) rAjA narasiMghakI bAtameM ajamerake rAjA vairasI gaur3ake maranepara usakA putra narasiMgha bAlaka avasthAmeM hotA hai aura rAnI daihar3a (dahIyA vaMzakI putrI)ke Upara sArA bhAra A par3atA hai| isI samaya ajamera para paThAnoMkA hamalA hotA hai| rAnI svayaM vIratA pUrvaka yuddha karatI hai parantu koTakI rakSA honA kaThina pratIta hotA hai, ataH apane logoMko sAtha lekara vaha dUra calI jAtI hai| Age narasiMghakA bacapanameM hI vivAha karake use apanI sasurAlameM chor3a diyA jAtA hai / phira rAnI dehar3a hAr3oMkI dharatImeM jAkara zakti-saMgraha karatI hai| narasiMgha sayAnA ho jAtA hai to usakA eka vivAha aura kara liyA jAtA hai| phira avasara dekhakara rAnI ajamerapara AkramaNa karatI hai aura vijayake bAda narasiMgha rAjA banatA hai| isake bAda rAnI daihar3a satI ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra rAnI eka sAtha hI zaurya, sahanazIlatA, buddhimattA evaM patibhaktikA Adarza upasthita karatI hai|4 yahA~ rAjasthAnI bAtoMke kucha cune hue Adarza pAtroMkI sAdhAraNa carcA mAtra kI gaI hai, vaise bAtoMmeM Adarza pAtroMkI saMkhyA bahuta bar3I hai aura ve aneka prakArake Adarza upasthita karate haiN| isI prasaMgameM pAtroMkI zArIrika zaktikA namUnA bhI dekhane yogya hai ) kUgaro baloca aror3a sakhara rahai tilokasIha jasahIta jaisalamera rAja kreN| kUgarI chai tAkar3I rau ahAra kara / eka baira (patnI) kUgara / rI hADau parabata cha, otha rahai / mA sU aror3a rahai / sU pahAr3a isar3I 1. vIravANa, pariziSTa bhAga (rAnI lakSmIkumArI cuuNddaavt)| 2. rAjasthAnI vAtAM, bhAga, 1 (zrI narottamadAsa svaamii)| 3. rAjasthAnI premakathAe~ (zrI mohanalAla purohit)| 4. vAtAM ro jhUmakho, dUjo / 32 bhASA aura sAhitya : 249
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________________ parabata, sU pahAr3a kori nai mAhe ghara kiyau / sU ghara re muMhar3e diiyai| sU uvA ciTAM kUgarau khesavai, bIja kaMhI khulai nhiiN| pahAr3a nai aror3a sATha kosa rau AMtarau / eka dina pahAr3a rahai, eka dina aror3a rahai / hama thako rhai|' (2) tAharAM sUrijamala sAdar3I chaaddii| sUrijamala devalIya gyo| Age devalIya maiMNoM mari gyo| maiMNI rAja krai| uThe jAi nai sUrijamala paga ttekiyaa| su maiMNI isar3I balAi, vAgo pahira ghor3e car3he / su cha tAkar3I rI buDI, isar3I barachI pkdd'iiy| deza mAhe cauthalyai / aTha sarijamala prithIrAja ro dhaka maiMNI kanheM jAi rahyo / ina donoM uddharaNoM meM kramazaH, garA baloca aura eka yINI rANIkI zArIrika zakti prakaTa kI gaI hai, jo sAmAnya janase kahIM adhika hai| rAjasthAnameM jisa prakAra agaNita vyakti zaurya sampanna hue haiM, usI prakAra yahA~ zArIrika zakti bhI kama nahIM rahI hai| aise vyaktiyoMkI Aja bhI loga carcA karate haiN| bAtoMke rUpameM unakI smRtiko lekara banAe rakhA gayA hai| yathArtha pAtroMke yathArtha caritra citraNako dRSTise bhI rAjasthAnI bAteM apanA vizeSa mahattva rakhatI haiN| unameM mAnava-manakI vividha sthitiyoMkA saccA citra prastuta kiyA gayA hai| aise citra bahuta adhika haiN| kucha udAharaNa dekhie (1) kese upAdhIyaikI bAtameM jAMgala ke svAmI ajaisI dahiyAkA kulapurohita kesA hai| rAjyameM usakA bar3A sammAna hai| parantu vaha rAjAkI anumati prApta kie binA hI koTake sAmane tAlAba banavAnA Arambha kara detA hai / koTake lie yaha tAlAba hAnikAraka ho sakatA hai, ataH rAja ajaisI use roka detA hai| isapara kesA mana hI mana bar3A nArAja hotA hai aura vaha rAyasI sAMkhalAse gupta rUpase milakara SaDayantra racatA hai| taya hotA hai ki kesA rAyasIko jAMgala kA rAjya dilavA degA aura badalemeM use koTake sAmane tAlAba banavA lene diyA jaaygaa| phira kapaTapUrvaka dahiyA-dalake logoMko vara rUpameM vivAhake lie bulavA liyA jAtA hai aura krUratAke sAtha unako AgameM jalA diyA jAtA hai| kesA purohita cAlAkIse jAMgala koTakA daravAjA bhI khulavA letA hai aura usapara sAMkhalA rAyasIkA adhikAra ho jAtA hai| koTake sAmane tAlAba banatA hai| isa prakAra kesAkI pratihiMsA pUrI hotI hai| vaha tuccha svArthake lie paramparAgata sambandhoMko bhulA detA hai / (2) kachavAhaikI bAtameM naravaragar3hake patanake samaya bAlaka soDhako lekara usakI mAtA dAsIke rUpameM jAna bacA kara bhAga jAtI hai aura vaha khohameM mINoMke rAjyameM pahu~catI hai| aisI duravasthAmeM vahA~ eka kisAna-mINA una mAM-beToMko dayAvaza apane gharameM zaraNa detA hai| soDhakI carcA khohake rAjAke pAsa pahu~catI hai aura vaha use apanI sevAmeM bulavA letA hai| kucha samaya bAda khohapara zAhI senAkI car3hAI hotI hai aura mINoMkA rAjA 6 lAkha rupae nakada tathA 3 lAkhake badale soDhako apane putra-rUpameM bAdazAhake pAsa bhejakara sandhi kara letA hai| rAjA soDhako kahatA hai ki vaha dhIraja dhAraNa kie rahe, use jaldI hI chur3avA liyA 1. rAjasthAno vAtAM, bhAga 1, pR0 42 / 2. vAta sUrijamala rI (hastaprati, anUpa saMskRta pustakAlaya, biikaaner)| 3. kesai upAdhIya rI bAta (hastaprati, a0 ja0 granthAlaya, biikaaner)| 250 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha .
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________________ jaaegaa| parantu bAdazAha ke sAmane bheda khula jAtA hai ki soDha mINoMke rAjAkA putra na hokara kachavAhA rAjapUta hai / vahA~ bAdazAha soDhako sainika sahAyatA detA hai aura phira vaha mINoMko mArakara khohapara apanA adhikAra sthApita kara letA hai / isa prakAra soDha apane zaraNadAtAkA hI ghAtaka banatA hai / " (3) mArU sughArIka bAtameM phUlakI mRtyuke bAda lAkhA rAjA banatA hai aura ThAkura tathA bhomiye usase milane ke lie Ate haiM / vIraNa rAThaur3a bhI vahA~ pahu~catA hai / lAkhA prasanna hokara usako apanI bahina vivAha meM dene ke lie kaha detA hai / parantu yaha bahina usakI saMgI na hokara vimAtA balocaNI rAnIkI beTI hai| isa sambandhase rAmI nArAja hotI hai parantu usakA koI vaza nahIM cltaa| vIraNa vivAhake lie AtA hai, usa samaya usakI bahalI (gAr3I) ke teja daur3anevAle rojha (pazu) dekhakara lAkhA unako mAMga letA hai| ye rojha vIraNake nahIM the, dhArA sUMghArake the, jo vahIM sAtha meM thA / ataH taya huA ki dhArApara koI doSa lagA kara usake roma chIna lie jAveM / usakA DerA balocaNI rAnIkI koTar3I ( nivAsasthAna ) meM kiyA gayA / phira donoM ko pakar3ane kA SaDyantra thA / balocaNIko isakI sUcanA mila jAtI hai ora vaha dhArAko khabara detI hai ki yadi vaha use lekara bhAga chuTe to prANa baca sakate haiM / dhArA maMjUra kara letA hai aura ve donoM cupacApa bahalI meM baiThakara bhAga jAte haiN| isapara lAkhA bar3A krodhita hotA hai kyoMki balocaNI rAnI Akhira usakI vimAtA to thI hI / vaha vIraNake sAtha apanI bahina ( balocaNoM kI putrI ) kA vivAha karake use sasurAlake lie vidA karate samaya samajhA detA hai ki kisI prakAra vaha sasurAlake gAMvameM jAkara apanI mAtA ( balocaNI rAnI) ko jarUra samApta kara ddaale| vaha isake lie taiyAra ho jAtI hai aura apanI sasurAla meM mAtAko bulavA kara kapaTapUrvaka bhojana meM viSa de detI hai| isa prakAra bevArI balocaNI rAnIkI jIvana lIlA samApta hotI hai / 2 (4) Thakure sAhakI bAta meM eka seTha Thakureke gharase nikale hue putrase apanA kAma nikAlakara use dhokhe se samudrameM DAla detA hai / kisI taraha lar3akA baca jAtA hai aura eka nagarameM rAjAke yahA~ 'jagAlI'ke rUpameM naukarI karane lagatA hai| samaya pAkara use samudrameM DAlanevAlA seTha vahA~ AtA hai aura jagAta (cuMgI cukAne se pUrva yaha patA lagavA letA hai ki vahA~ jagAtI kauna hai| seThako sUcanA milatI hai ki vahA~ vahI vyakti jagAtI hai, jo samudra meM pheMkA gayA thaa| aba seTha rAjAke 'olnU' (gAnevAle, DUma) logoMko dasa mohara dekara kahatA hai ki vahA~kA jagAtI usakA 'golA' (vAsa) hai, yaha khabara rAjAke pAsa kisI taraha pahu~cAI jAve / Drama loga taiyAra ho jAte haiM aura gAte samaya caturAIse rAjAke sAmane jagAtIke bAremeM kaha dete haiM ki vaha to unakA 'mAMDaNI' (bhAMDa jAtikI strI) ke peTase paidA huA bhAI hai| rAjA isa sUcanA bar3A krodhita hotA hai ki jagAtIne apanI jAti chipaaii| jaba jagAtI ko bulavA kara pUchatAcha kI jAtI hai to sArA bheda khula jAtA hai / isa samaya DUma ( gavaiye ) tatkAla seThase prApta dasa mohara nikAla kara rAjA sAma rakha dete haiM ki sArA kAma una moharoMne karavAyA hai, jo unheM seThase milI haiM / 3 Upara kevala cAra bAtoM meM se udAharaNa prastuta kie gae haiN| isa prakArakA yathArtharUpa rAjasthAnI bAtoM meM anekazaH dekhA jAtA hai / 1. kachavA hai rI bAta (hastaprati, a0 jai0 granthAlaya, bIkAnera ) / 2. varadA (71) / 3. Thakura sAha rI bAta (vAtAM ro jhUmakho, dUjoM) / bhASA aura sAhitya 251
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________________ Adarza aura yathArtha kA mizraNaM rAjasthAnI bAtoMmeM aneka pAtroMke caritra meM Adarza aura yathArthakA mizraNa prakaTa huA hai| aise pAtroM meM kucha vizeSa guNa haiM to kucha mAnavIya durbalatAe~ bhI haiN| udAharaNa dekhie (1) rAja bIjakI bAtameM lAkhAkA bhAnajA rAkhAyaca apane mAmAke pAsa rahatA hai aura vahA~ usakA pUrA sammAna hai| parantu rAkhAyaca gupta rUpase ghor3epara car3hakara mUlarAjake pAsa jAtA hai aura use lAkhApara AkramaNa karanekA avasara batalA detA hai| vaha apane mAmA lAkhAse apane pitAko mRtyukA badalA lenA cAhatA hai| parantu jaba mUlarAjakI senA AkramaNa karatI hai to rAkhAyaca lAkhAke pakSameM lar3atA huA prANa tyAga detA hai| isa prakAra vaha lAkhAke antakA svayaM kAraNa banakara usake sAtha hI apanA jIvana de detA hai / rAkhAyaca jAnabUjha kara dhokhA denepara bhI antameM svAmibhakti prakaTa karatA hai|' (2) rAjA narasiMhako bAtameM eka ghor3eke sambandhameM vivAda ho jAneke kAraNa harA ajamera chor3akara paThAnoMkI sevAmeM calA jAtA hai| jaba paThAna ajamerapara AkramaNa karanekI socate haiM to harA sArI sUcanA gupta rUpase ajamera bheja detA hai| isI prakAra vaha car3hAIke samaya bhI ajamerake gaur3oMke lie ucita parAmarza chipakara pahu~cAtA rahatA hai| itanA honepara bhI jaba antameM yuddha hotA hai to harA paThAnoMke pakSameM lar3ate hue prANa tyAga karatA hai| gaur3a vijayI hokara harAkA saMskAra karate haiN| isa prakAra harA apane svAmIko dhokhA dete hue bhI usake lie prANa tyAga detA hai, jo dhyAna dene yogya hai| ) depAla ghaMghakI bATameM mulatAnakA bAdazAha depAlase parAjita hokara usako apanI beTI vivAhameM de detA hai| phira bAdazAha apanI beTIko gupta rUpase apane pakSameM karake usake dvArA yaha mAlUma karavA letA hai ki depAla kisa prakAra mArA jA sakatA hai| depAlakI patnI apane patiko bAtoMmeM bahalA kara usase yaha bheda pUcha letI hai| antameM jaba depAla yuddha meM mArA jAtA hai to bAdazAha kI beTI usake sAtha satI hotI hai / isa prakAra vaha pahile patidroha aura phira patibhakti prakaTa karatI hai| caritra-vikAsa rAjasthAnI bAtoMmeM pAtroM kI cAritrika vizeSatAeM prAyaH sthira haiM aura unakA vikAsa kama hI dRSTigocara hotA hai| phira bhI kaI pAtroM kI manodazAmeM paristhitivaza vizeSa parivartana dekhA jAtA hai| yahI unakA cAritrika vikAsa hai / udAharaNa dekhie (1) umAde bhaTiyANI kI bAtameM-rAnI umAde apane patiko eka dAsIkI ora AkRSTa dekhakara rUTha jAtI hai aura phira use manAneke lie aneka prayatna kie jAnepara bhI vaha nahIM maantii| sarvasAdhAraNameM usakA nAma hI 'rUThI rANI ke rUpameM prasiddha hai / antameM jaba usake pati rAva mAladevakA dehAnta ho jAtA hai to vaha satI hotI hai aura apane jIvanakA anubhava saMdeza-rUpameM prakaTa karatI hai ki usakI taraha koI strI saMsArameM 'mAna' (rUsaNo) na kre| isa prakAra atyanta Agrahake sAtha janma bhara 'mAna' para DaTI rahanevAlI umAde antameM usakI nissAratAke prati glAni prakaTa karake patike sAtha hI apanI jIvana-lIlA bhI samApta kara letI hai| 1. rAja bIja rI bAta (hastaprati, a0 ja0 graM0 biikaaner)| 2. bAtAM ro jhUmakho, duujo| 3. vAtAM ro jhUmakho, duujo| 4. rAjasthAnI vAtAM, bhAga 1 (zrI narottamadAsa svAmI) 252 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha
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________________ / kI bAtameM jaba lAkhA dUra deza jAtA hai to apanI priyatamA soDhI rAnIke pAsa gAyanake dvArA mana bahalAne hetu manabholiyA nAmaka DUmako chor3a jAtA hai / pIchese soDhI rAnI kAmAtura hokara manabholiyA DUmako apane mahalameM rakhane lagatI hai| yaha khabara kisI taraha lAkhAke pAsa pahu~ca jAtI hai aura eka rAta vaha cupacApa Akara soDhI rAnIkA caritra dekha letA hai| isa para lAkhA use mAraneke lie talavAra nikAlatA hai parantu apane pUrva vacanakA smaraNa karake usako nahIM maartaa| agale dina soDhI rAnI usI DUmako sauMpa dI jAtI hai| vaha manabholiyAke sAtha calI jAtI hai| kucha samaya bAda ve donoM pATaNameM lAkhAko dekhate haiM / isa samaya soDhI pratijJA karatI hai ki lAkhAke hAthakA 'sUlA' khAe binA vaha anna-pAnI grahaNa nahIM kregii| yaha pratijJA sunakara lAkhA apane hAthakA banAyA huA 'sUlA' soDhIke lie bhejatA hai| use dekhate hI soDhI prANa tyAga detI hai| isa prakAra soDhI rAnI patiko dagA denepara bhI antameM usake vyavahArako dekhakara AtmaglAnike kAraNa apanI jIvana-lIlA sameTa letI hai|' (3) kAmbalo joIyo aura tIDI kharala kI bAtameM-kAMvalA ekadama bhole svabhAvakA vyakti hai / yahA~ taka ki usakI sAsa apanI beToko usake ghara bhejaneke lie bhI taiyAra nahIM hotii| antameM kisI taraha samajhAne para vaha use kAMbalAke sAtha vidA kara detI hai| jaba usakA gA~va nikaTa AtA hai to usakI pattI kapar3e Adi ThIka karaneke lie U~Tase nIce utaratI hai aura use kucha dUra khar3A hone ke lie kahatI hai / kAMbalA samajhatA hai ki vaha akelI A jAegI aura svayaM ghara calA jAtA hai| rAta par3a jAtI hai aura tIr3I sasurAlakA ghara jAnatI nahIM, ataH vaha rone lagatI hai| isI samaya eka 'dhAr3I' udhara A nikalatA hai aura sArI sthiti samajhakara tIr3Iko kahatA hai ki aise vyaktike sAtha usakA nirvAha nahIM hogaa| yadi vaha cAhe to usake ghara cala sakatI hai, jahAM use pUrA sammAna milegaa| isa para tIDI usake sAtha calI jAtI hai| idhara kAMbalA tIDIke lie bhagavAM dhAraNa karake usakI khojameM nikalatA hai aura ghUmate-ghUmate antameM usI gAMvameM calA jAtA hai, jahA~ tIDI rahatI hai / dhAr3I kI anupasthitimeM unakA milApa hotA hai| jaba tIr3I dekhatI hai ki usake lie kAMbala ne ghara chor3a diyA hai to vaha usake sAtha jAneke lie taiyAra ho jAtI hai aura isa kAryake lie svayaM tarakIba bhI batalA detI hai| phira kAMbalA apane bahanoIke sAtha vahA~ AtA hai aura dhAr3I ko anupasthitimeM ve tIDIko le bhAgate haiN| isa prakAra tIDIkA mana apane pati kI mUrkhatAke kAraNa usase phira jAtA hai parantu antameM usake tyAgako dekhakara usakA prema umar3a par3atA hai aura vaha bhayaMkara khatarA uThAkara bhI usake sAtha vApisa lauTa AtI hai|2 , mAnasika saMgharSa bAtoMmeM mAnasika-saMgharSa kI aneka paristhitiyAM prakaTa hotI haiM parantu vahA~ isa prakArakA manovaijJAnika citraNa dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| vahA~ sIdhe-sAde rUpameM ghaTanA kI ora saMketa kara diyA jAtA hai aura manobhAvoM kI sUkSmatAke citraNa kI ora dhyAna nahIM diyA jaataa| isa sambandhameM kahIM-kahIM sAdhAraNa carcA bhale hI mila sakatI hai / udAharaNa dekhie (1) itaraimeM nAgora ora bIkAnera ApasameM kajiyo havo, gA~va jakhANiyA~ bAbata / so nAgera rI phoja bhAgI, bIkAnera rI phataha huI / ......... 'so A khabara amara siMhajI nUM gii| so suNata suvAM kAlo 1. lAkhA phUlANI rI vAta (hastaprati, a0 ja0 graM0, bIkAnera) 2. bAtAM ro jhUmakho, phlo| bhASA aura sAhitya : 253 .
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________________ mairaTa huya gayau / hAtha paTakai, dAMtAM sUM hathelI nUM baTakA bhrai| kaTArI sUM takiyau phAr3a nAMkhiyo / 'je mhArI bhaNA dinAM rI saMcI jAjama bIkAnera rA khAlI kara diivii| maiM to ihAM nUM jodhapura re pagAM saMciyA thA, so hameM jodhapura rI Asa to cako dosa ch|' mutsaddI amarAva hajara rI dhIraja baMdhAvai, paracAvai / paNa amarasiMha to bAvala rI sI bAta kreN| rAva amarasiMha kI aisI manodazA usa samaya prakaTa kI gaI hai, jaba use apanI jAgIra (nAgaura)se parAjayakA saMvAda milatA hai aura zAhI darabArase ghara jAne ke lie use chuTTI prApta nahIM ho rahI hai| (2) ekai dina rAjar3iyA ro beTo vIjar3iyo vIramadejI rI khavAsI karai ch| tiNa A~kha bharI, causarA chUTA / vIramadejI pUchiyau-"vIjar3iyA kyU, kiNa toneM iso dukha dIdho ?" taha vIjar3iyo kahyo"rAja, mAthai dhaNI, monai dukha dai kuNa ? piNa nIMbo mhArA bApa rau mAraNa hArI, gaDhAM-koTAM mAMhi bar3A-bar3A sagAM mAMhe dhaNIyAM ro hAMsA ro karAvaNahArau bala gar3ha mAhe khaMkhArA karai chai nai po ch| tINa rau dukha Ayo / "2 isa prasaMgameM vIjaDiyAkA hRdaya usake pitAko mAranevAle nIMbAko rAjamahalameM ArAmase rahate dekhakara jala rahA hai / parantu vaha sevaka hai, ataH usakI mAnasika pIr3A netroM ko rAha baha calI hai| (3) acaladAsajI nUM AMkhyAM ho na dekhai cha, tarai UmAMjI jhImI nUM kahiyo-"himaiM kyoM kIjasI ? ekeka rAta barasa barAbara huI chai / AkhI khAdhI, tikA Adho hI na pAvU, isar3I huii|" tara UmAMjI jhImA nUM kahai cha-kAsU kIjasU? koika vicAraNA karaNo, o jamAro kyoM nIsara ? jo tUM vINa vajAvai, tarai rana rA maga Avai nai Agai UbhA rahatA, so tUM acalajI ne moha nai lyAvai to tUM kharI sughdd'raay|" tara jhImI kahiyo-"jo acaladAsajI nAM eka bAra AMkhyAM dekhU to magana kraaN| AMkhyAM hI na dekhU to kiso jora lAgai?"3 isa prasaMgameM sautase vazIbhUta patike dvArA parityaktA patnI kI manovedanA prakaTa huI aura kiMkartavyavimar3hatA kI sthitine isa vedanAmeM vizeSa rUpase vRddhi kara dI hai| (4) rAta rai samImai sIMdhala Aparai ThikANa pdhaariyaa| tyoM supiyArade piNa kapar3A pehara ara mahalameM sIMdhala kanhaiM gii| tyoM kapar3A rI sugaMdha AI / tyoM sIMdhala kahyau-"A suvAsanI kAhiNa rI Avai chai ?" tyoM sUpiyArade bolI-"rAja, mona khabara nhiiN|" itarai soMdhala boliyo-"ja mhe ko havai mhI jAMNAyau ja jAMNIjai bainoI bheMTa kIvI chai / " tada sIMdhala cAdara tAMNa - pauThi rahyo ara supiyArade ne kima kahyo nahIM / rAti pohara 4 uThe hI ja ThoDa supiyArade khar3I rahI / tada supiyArade dUho kahyo prI sUtau dhaNa ojagai, rAti vihANI jaai| sIdhala bolyA bolar3A, kahU~ narabada nai jAi // 4 isa prasaMgameM sUpiyAradeko usakA pati jalI-kaTI bAta sunAkara usake caritra para lAMchana lagAtA hai| aura phira vaha cAdara tAnakara so jAtA hai| supiyArade rAta bhara khar3I huI cintA karatI hai| isa samaya usake 1. rAjasthAnI vAta-saMgraha (paramparA), pRSTha 156 / 2. rAjasthAnI vAtAM, pRSTha 76-77 / 3. pavAra vaMza darpaNa, pariziSTa / 4. supiyAradeM rI vAta (hastaprati, zrI a0 saM0 pustakAlaya, bIkAnera) 254 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha .
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________________ hRdayameM uthala-puthala macI huI hai| use apane patike zabdoM para bhArI roSa hai, jise bAtameM eka doheke dvArA prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| (5) jATa sAharaNa bhADaMga mAhe rahai ara godAro pAMDo lAdhar3Iyai rahai, vaDo dAtAra / su sAharaNa re nAyara (patnI) bAhaNovAla mlkii| su malakI mAMhI (pati) nUM ka hyo-"ju godAro ghaNo kahAvai chai / " ghar3a baMdhI barase godAro, bata bhAMDako bhiijai| pAMDo kahai suNo re logo, rahai su DUmAM dIjai // mAMTI nuM kahyo--"caudharI, raso de, jiso godaaro| tA Upara nAMva hvai| joTa to dArU ro chAkIyo haMto, su codharaNa ra cAbakhai rI diivii| to jAharAM kahyo-"pAMDo kero, jo rodhI chai / " jAhaNI kahyo"dharavUDA, maiM to bAta kahI thii|" jATaNo kahyau-"thArai mAce AvU to bhAI ra aavuu|" jATa sU abolaNo ghaatiiyau| mAsa 1 pAMDU godAra nU' kahAya melIyo-"ju te badalai monuM tAjaNo vaahyau|" pAMDU kahAyo--"jo Avai to haiM Aya levaa|" ora hI ta mAsa de havA / ' isa prasaMgameM binA aparAdha tAr3ita nArI kI roSapUrNa AtmA pukAra kara rahI hai| aisI sthitimeM vaha Atma sammAnake lie saba kucha chor3aneke lie taiyAra ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki rAjasthAnI bAtoMmeM pAtroMkA eka alaga hI saMsAra basA huA hai| isa saMsArameM bhale-bure sabhI tarahake vyakti haiN| vahA~ choTe-bar3e, U~ca-nIca, balI-nirbala Adi sabhI prakArake loga apane-apane kAryameM vyasta dikhalAI dete haiN| bAtoM kI isa duniyAmeM vicaraNa karake yahA~ke nivAsiyoM kI prakRti tathA caritrakA adhyayana karanA bar3A hI rocaka tathA rasadAyaka hai| 1. vAta rAva vIkai rI (hastaprati, a00 graM0bIkAnera) bhASA aura sAhitya : 255