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________________ pramANaphala carcA dArzanikakSetrameM pramANa aura usake phalakI carcA bhI eka khAsa sthAna rakhatI hai| yoM to yaha viSaya tarkayugake pahile zruti-zrAgama yugameM bhI vicArapradezameM zrAyA hai| upaniSadoM, piTakoM aura AgamoMmeM jJAna-samyamjJAna-ke phalakA kathana hai| ukta yugameM vaidika, bauddha, jaina sabhI paramparAmeM jJAnakA phala avidyA. nAza yA vastuviSayaka adhigama kahA hai para vaha AdhyAtmika dRSTise--arthAt mokSa lAbhakI dRSTise / usa adhyAtma yugamai jJAna isIlie upAdeya samajhA jAtA thA ki usake dvArA avidyA-ajJAna-kA nAza hokara evaM vastukA vAstavika bodha hokara antameM mokSa prApta ho', para tarkayugameM yaha carcA vyAvahArika dRSTise bhI hone lagI, ataeva hama tarkayugameM honevAlI-pramANaphalaviSayaka carcAma adhyAtmayugIna alaukika dRSTi aura tarkayugIna laukika dRSTi donoM pAte haiM / laukika dRSTimeM kevala isI bhAvako sAmane rakhakara pramANake phalakA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai ki pramANake dvArA vyavahAramaiM sAkSAt kyA siddha hotA hai, aura paramparAse kyA, cAhe antama mokSalAbha hotA ho yA nhiiN| kyoMki laukika dRSTimeM mokSAnadhikArI puruSagata pramANoMke phalakI carcAkA bhI samAveza hotA hai| tInoM paramparAkI tarkayugIna pramANaphalaviSayaka carcAmeM mukhyatayA vicAraNIya aMza do dekhe jAte haiM-eka to phala aura pramANakA pArasparika bheda-abheda aura dUsarA phalakA svarUpa / nyAya, vaizeSika, mImAMsaka zrAdi vaidika darzana phalako pramANase bhinna hI mAnate haiM / bauddha darzana use abhinna kahatA hai jaba 1 'so'vidyAgranthi vipharatIha saumya'-muNDako0 2.1.10 / sAMkhyakA. 67-68 / utta0 28.2, 3 / 'tameta buccati-yadA ca prAtvA so dhamma saJcAni abhisamessati / tadA vipasamA upasanto carissati ||'-visuddhi pR0 54 / / 2'...tattvazAnAniHzreyasam'-vai0 sU0 1. 1. 3 / '...tatvajJAnAnni:zreyasAdhigamaH'-nyAyasU0 1. 1. 1 ! 'yadA sannikarSastadA jJAna pramitiH, yadA jJAnaM tadA hAnopAdAnopekSAbuddhayaH phalam'-nyAyabhA0 1. 1. 3 / 3 zlokavA. pratyakSa zlo074, 75 / 4 pramANasamu. 1.6 / nyAyabi0 TI0 1.21 /
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________________ 152 ki jaina darzana apanI anekAnta prakRti ke anusAra phala - pramANakA bhedAbheda batalAtA hai' / phalake svarUpake viSaya meM vaizeSika, naiyAyika aura mImAMsaka sabhIkA mantavya eka-sA hI hai / ve sabhI indriyavyApArake bAda honevAle sannikarSase lekara hAnopAdAnopecAbuddhi takake kramika phaloMkI paramparAko phala kahate hue bhI usa paramparAmeMse pUrva pUrva phalako uttara uttara phalakI apekSA se pramANa bhI kahate haiM arthAt unake kathanAnusAra indriya to pramANa hI hai, phala nahIM aura hAnopAdAnopecAbuddhi jo antima phala hai vaha phala hI hai pramANa nhiiN| para bIcake sannikarSa, nirvikalpa aura savikalpa ye tInoM pUrva pramANakI apekSA se phala aura uttaraphala kI apekSA se pramANa bhI haiM / isa mantavyameM phala pramANa kahalAtA hai para vaha svabhinna uttaraphalakI apekSA se / isa taraha isa matameM pramANa- phalakA bheda spaSTa hI hai / vAcaspati mizra ne isI bhedako dhyAna meM rakhakara sAMkhya prakriyA meM bhI pramANa aura phalakI vyavasthA apanI kaumudI meM kI hai / bauddha paramparAmai phalake svarUpake viSaya meM do mantavya haiM-- pahalA viSayAdhigama ko aura dUsarA svasaMvittiko phala kahatA hai / yadyapi diGnAgasaMgRhIta ina do mantavyoM se pahalekAhI kathana aura vivaraNa dharmakIttiM tathA unake TIkAkAra dharmottarane kiyA hai tathApi zAntarakSitane una donoM bauddha mantavyoM kA saMgraha karaneke. alAvA unakA sayuktika upapAdana aura unake pArasparika antarakA pratipAdana bhI kiyA hai / zAntarakSita aura unake ziSya kamalazIlane yaha spaSTa batalAyA haiM ki bAhyArthavAda, jise pArthasArathi mizra ne sautrAntikakA kahA hai usake matAnusAra jJAnagata viSayasArUpya pramANa hai aura viSayAdhigati phala, jaba ki vijJAnavAda jise pArthasArathine yogAcArakA kahA hai usake matAnusAra jJAnamata 1 'karaNasya kriyAyAzca kathaMcidekatvaM pradIpratamovigamavat nAnAtvaM ca parazvAdivat''- praSTaza 0 aSTasa0 pR0 283-284 2 ' yadA sannikarSastadA jJAnaM pramitiH, yadA jJAnaM tadA hAnopAdAnopekSAbuddhayaH phalam |' - nyAyabhA0 1.1.3 / zlokavA0 pratyakSa * zlo0 56-73 / prakaraNa pa0 pR0 64 | kandalI pR0 168-6 / 3 sAMkhyata 0 kA 0 4 / 4 pramANasamu0 1 10-12 | zlo0 nyAya0 pR0 158- 156 / 5 nyAyavi0 1. 18 - 16 /
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________________ svasaMvedana hI phala hai aura jJAnagata tathAvidha yogyatA hI pramANa hai| yaha dhyAna rahe ki bauddha matAnusAra pramANa aura phala donoM zAnagata dharma haiM aura unameM bheda na mAne jAneke kAraNa ve abhinna kahe gae haiN| kumArila ne isa bauddhasammata abhedavAdakA khaNDana (zlokavA0 pratyakSa0 zlo0 74 se) karake jo vaizeSika naiyAyikake bhedavAdakA abhimatarUpase sthApana kiyA hai usakA javAba zAntarakSitane akSarazaH dekara bauddhasammata abhedabhAvakI yuktiyuktatA dikhAI hai-(tatvasaM0 kA0 1340 se)| - jaina paramparAmeM sabase pahile tArkika siddhasena aura samantabhadra hI haiM jinhoMne laukika dRSTise bhI pramANake phalakA vicAra jaina paramparAke anusAra vyavasthita kiyA hai / ukta donoM prAcAryoMkA phalaviSayaka kathana zabda aura bhAva, samAna hI hai- (nyAyA0 kA0 28, prAptamI0 kA0 102.) / donoMke kathanAnusAra pramANakA sAkSAt phala to ajJAnanivRtti hI hai| para vyavahita phala yathAsambhava hAnopAdAnopekSAbuddhi hai| siddhasena aura samantabhadrake kathanameM tIna bAteM dhyAna dene yogya haiM 1---ajJAnavinAzakA phalarUpase ullekha, jisakA vaidika-bauddha paramparAmeM nirdeza nahIM dekhA jAtA / 2-vaidika paramparAmeM jo madhyavartI phaloMkA sApekSa bhAvase pramANa aura phala rUpase kathana hai usake ullekhakA abhAva, jaisA ki bauddha tarkagranthoM meM bhI hai| 3-pramANa aura phalake bhedAbheda viSayaka kathanakA abhAva / siddhasena aura samantabhadrake bAda akalaGka hI isa viSayameM mukhya dekhe jAte haiM jinhoMne siddhasena-samantabhadradarzita phalaviSayaka jaina mantavyakA saMgraha karate hue usameM anirdiSTa dono aMzoMkI spaSTatayA pUrti kI, arthAt akalaGkane pramANa aura phalake medAbhedaviSayaka jaina mantavyako spaSTatayA kahA ( aSTaza0 zraSTasa0 pR0 283-4) aura madhyavartI phaloMko pramANa tathA phala ubhayarUpa kahanekI vaizeSika, naiyAyika, mImAMsakakI sApekSa zailIko jaina prakriyAke anusAra ghaTAkara usakA spaSTa nirdeza kiyaa| mANikyanando (parI0 5, 1. se) aura devasUrine (pramANana 6. 3 se) apane-apane sUtroMmeM pramANakA phala batalAte hue sirpha vahI bAta kahI 1 'viSayAdhigatizcAtra pramANaphalamiSyate / svavittirvA pramANe tu sArUpyaM yogyatApi vA ||'-tttvsN0 kA 1344 / zlo0 nyAya* pR0 158-156 / / 2 'baDAyavagrahAdyaSTacatvAriMzat svasaMvidAm / pUrvapUrvapramANatvaM phala syAduttarottaram ||'-lssii0 1.6 /
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________________ hai jo siddhasena aura smntbhdrne| alabattA unhoMne akalanirdiSTa pramANa-phalake bhedAbhedakA jaina mantavya sUtrita kiyA hai para unhoMne madhyavartI phaloMko sApekSabhAvase pramANa aura phala kahanekI akalaGkasUcita jainazailIko sUtrita nahIM kiyaa| vidyAnandakI tIkSNa dRSTi ajJAnanivRtti aura kha-paravyavasiti zabdakI ora gii| yogAcAra aura sautrAntika siddhAntake anusAra pramANake phalarUpase phalita honevAlI sva aura para vyavasitiko hI vidyAnandane ajJAnanivRttirUpa batalAyA ( tatvArthazlo0 pR0 168 pramANapa0 pR. 76) jisakA anusaraNa prabhAcandrane mArtaNDamaiM aura devasUrine ratnAkaramai kiyaa| aba takamaiM jainatArkikoMkA eka sthira-sA mantavya hI ho gayA ki jise siddhasena-samantabhadrane ajJAnanivRtti kahA hai vaha vastutaH sva-paravyavasitti hI hai| zrA. hemacandrane prastuta carcA meM pUrvavartI sabhI jaimatArkikoMke matoMkA saMgraha to kiyA hI hai para sAtha hI usameM apanI vizeSatA bhI dikhAI hai| unhoMne prabhAcandra aura devasUrikI taraha sva-paravyavasitiko hI ajJAnanivRtti na kahakara donoMko alaga-alaga phala mAnA hai | pramANa aura phalake abheda pakSameM kumArila ne bauddhoMke Upara jo doSa diye the aura jinakA nirAsa dharmottarakI nyAyabinduvyAkhyA tathA zAntarakSitake tatvasaMgrahameM hai unhIM doSoMkA nivAraNa bauddha DhaMgase karate hue bhI zrA0 hemacandrane apanA vaiyAkaraNatva AkarSaka tArkika zailImeM vyakta kiyA hai / jaise aneka viSayoMmeM zrA0 hemacandra akalaGkakA khAsa anusaraNa karate haiM vaise hI isa carcAmeM bhI unhoMne madhyavartI phaloMko sApekSabhAvase pramANa aura phala kahanevAlI akalaGkasthApita jainazailIko sUtramai zabdazaH sthAna diyA / isa taraha hama pramANa-phalake carcAviSayaka prastuta sUtroMmeM vaidika, bauddha aura jaina sabhI paramparAoMkA yathAsambhava jainamata rUpase samanvaya eka hI jagaha pAte haiN| I0 1636] [pramANa bhImAMsA