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________________ 0 DaoN0 rudradeva tripAThI, AcArya, ema0 e0, pI-eca0 DI0 (pravAcaka-saMskRta vidyApITha, dillI) prAkRta-vAGamaya meM zabdAlaMkAra prAkRta-vAGamaya mAnava-janma kI saphalatA usakI vANI meM kendrita rahatI hai| isI vANI ke Azraya se paThita aura apaThita sabhI apane bhAvoM kA sampreSaNa karate haiN| antara itanA hI rahatA hai ki paThita vyakti apanI vANI ko viviktavarNAbharaNa, sukhazrati aura prasanna gambhIra padA ke rUpa meM abhivyakta karake zatraoM hRdaya ko anurAga-raMjita banA detA hai, jabaki apaThita apane laukika kArya-kalApa ko bhI kaThinAI se calA pAtA hai / ata: paThitoM kI vANI kA sarvatra samAdara svAbhAvika hai| saMskRta bhASA kI saMskAra-sampannatA kA vaiziSTya dikhAkara prAkRta bhASA ko janasAdhAraNa kI bhASA kahane vAle tathA prAkRta ko hI vAstavika bhASA kahakara saMskRta ko uttaravartI, saMskArita bhASA batAne vAloM ke vivAda meM hama to kevala eka hI samAdhAna prApta karate haiM, aura vaha hai-anyonyAzrayAtmakatA / jaise "bIja se vRkSa tathA vRkSa se bIja" meM kisakI prAthamikatA hai ? isakA uttara 'anyonyAzraya' hai, vaise hI isa bhASA ke vivAda meM bhI uparyukta uttara hI samAdheya hai| vaise bhI candrAvadAtamati kavi rAjahaMsa 'ojasvI, madhura, prasAda-vizada, saMskAra-zuddha, abhidhAlakSaNA-vyajanAsaMvalita, viziSTa rIti, abhinava alaGa kRti, uttama vRtta evaM rasa-paripAka se samanvita apane vAgvyavahAra dvArA kisI bhI bhASA ko bhaNiti-guNa se alaMkRta kara hI dete haiM' ataH prAkRta bhASA meM hI racanAe~ prastuta kara pUrva manISiyoM ne anekavidha Ananda-prada sAhitya kI sRSTi kI hai| prAkRtabhASA kA kSetra vistAra bhAratIya AryabhASA kA yuga IsavI pUrva 500 se 1100 IsavI taka mAnA jAtA hai| yaha yuga prAkRta-bhASAoM kA yuga thA, jisameM usa kAla kI sabhI jana-sAdhAraNa kI boliyA~ A jAtI haiM / saMskRta bhASA ke dhvanitattva evaM vyAkaraNa-sambandhI niyamoM ke parivartana se ye boliyA~-pAli, zilAlekhoM kI prAkRta, jaina AgamoM kI ardhamAgadhI tathA saMskRta nATakoM meM vyavahRta prAkRta paizAcI, mahArASTrI, mAgadhI aura zaurasenI Adi ke rUpa meM yatra-tatra sAhityika svarUpa ko prApta huI haiN| randuranAmanandnam rdrusadawaADMAARAMIRaaranAcamkArunanumanA.ACADDADAM Apa pravara abhaRINpravara AnA zrIAnanda zrIAnandasanya LArrarimamericanam wwwrarmins
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________________ 56 prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya pratyeka kAla meM racanAgata vizeSatAoM ke AdhAra para sAhitya kI saSTi hotI hai| tadanusAra prAkRta bhASA ke isa vistRta kSetra meM jaina Agama, AgamoM kA vyAkhyA-sAhitya, digambara sampradAya ke prAcIna zAstra, Agamottara janadharma sambandhI sAhitya, prAkRta kathA-sAhitya, prAkRta carita sAhitya, prAkRta kAvya-sAhitya, saMskRta nATakoM meM prayukta prAkRta sAhitya, vyAkaraNa, chanda, koSa tathA alaMkAra granthoM meM prayukta prAkRta, upadeza evaM subhASitoM ke rUpa meM prayukta prAkRta tathA zAstrIya prAkRta-saMhitA kA samAveza hotA hai| zabdAlaMkAroM ke sarvasAmAnya prayoga kA darzana ina sabhI vargoM meM kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM mila hI jAtA hai, kintu jina svarUpoM ko kucha mahattvapUrNa mAnA jA sakatA hai unameM prAkRta kAvya-sAhitya kI prAthamikatA hai| gadya-sAhitya meM lalita varNavinyAsa--jo ki anuprAsa ke bheda-vibhedoM meM anekatra upalabdha hotA hai, vaha tathA zleSa alaMkAra jo prAkRta ke saMskRta-rUpoM kI vividhatA ke kAraNa bahudhA arthavaividhya ko prakaTa karatA hai, vaha pracura mAtrA meM sulabha hai| racanAoM kA vaividhya sAhitya paramAtmA ke virATa svarUpa ke samAna hI aneka Azcaryamaya rUpoM kA AgAra hai| jaise gItA meM arjuna ne virATa rUpa kA darzana karate hue kahA thA ki--'he deva, maiM Apake zarIra meM sabhI bhUtasagha, brahmA, viSNu, ziva, RSi, sarpa Adi dekhatA huuN| Apake isa zarIra ke aneka hAtha, mukha aura A~kheM haiN| isakA koI Adi, madhya aura anta nahIM dikhAI detA hai| isI meM samasta deva, gandharva, rAkSasa, bhUta, prata, pizAca Adi tathA rudra, Aditya, vasu, azvanIkumAra prabhRtti samAye hue haiN|' ityAdi kathana ke anurUpa hI sAhitya meM bhI vizva meM pracalita sabhI kathana-prakAra vyApta haiN| 2 sAhitya kA artha atyanta vyApaka hai kintu AlakArikoM ne ise zabdArtha ke sahabhAva meM saMkucita kara liyA hai| mahArAja bhojadeva ne isI sahabhAva ko bAraha prakAroM meM vibhakta mAnA hai, jinameM gyArahavAM vibhAga 'alaMkAra-yoga' bhI hai| yaha alaMkAra-yoga gadya aura padya meM nibaddha samasta vAGmaya 2. pazyAmi devAstava deva dehe sarvastithA bhUtavizeSa saGa ghAn / brahmANamIzaM kamalAsanasthamRSIzca sarvAnuragA~zca divyAn / / 15 / / -se 31 veM padya taka zrImadbhagavadgItA, adhyAya 11 draSTavya / vakrokti jIvitakAra kuntaka ne 'sAhitya' kI paribhASA isa prakAra dI haimArgAnuguNyasubhago mAdhuryAdiguNodayaH / alaGkaraNa-vinyAso vakratAtizayAnvitaH / / vRttaucitya manohAri rasAnAM paripoSaNam / spardhayA vidyate yatra yathAsvamubhayorapi / sA kApyavasthitistad vidAnandaspanda sundraa| padAdivAkparispandasAraH 'sAhityamucyate' / /
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________________ prAkRta-vAGamaya meM zabdAlaMkAra 57 meM dRSTigocara hotA hai| gadya ke muktaka, vRttagandhI, utkalikAprAya athavA cUrNaka meM athavA padya ke vividha-vRttanibaddha prakAroM meM sarvatra alaMkAroM kA samAyojana apanI AbhA bikherane meM kabhI pIche nahIM rahA hai| alaGkAroM kA mahattva sAhityakAroM ne alaGkAra-cintana se pUrva kisa vidhA kA cintana kiyA hogA? yaha kaha sakanA kaThina hai, kyoMki sAhityazAstra ke Adi cintakoM ne isa sambandha meM apanA koI svatantra vivecana na dekara sampradAya vizeSa kA hI avalambana liyA hai| kahA jA sakatA hai ki vedoM meM-'raso vai saH' 'rasaM vAyaM labdhvA''nandI bhavati' Adi mantra padoM kI upalabdhi hone se rasa hI sarvaprathama sAhitya kA mUla hai, to yaha ucita nahIM / vahIM veda-mantroM meM-'haviSmanto araGa kRtA:' Rgveda 1/4/14/5, 'somA araGa kRtAH, alaGa - kariSNumayajvAnam' tathA zatapatha meM--'mAnuSo'laGkAraH' ityAdi pATha Ate haiM-jo alaGkAroM ke pakSa meM rasa kI apekSA svayaM kA mahattva abhivyakta karate haiN| sAhityazAstroM meM alaGkAroM ke vaiziSTya ko lakSya meM rakhakara bahudhA kahA gayA hai ki'na kAntamapi nibhUSaM vibhAti vanitAmukham ; kAvyaM kalpAntarasthAyi, jAyate sadalaGa kRti , kAvyazobhAkarAna dharmAnlaGa kArAn pratyakSate" kAvyazobhAyAH kartAro dharmA guNAH / tadatizayahetavastvalaGkArAH, sAlaGkArasya kAvyatA, ityAdi aneka uktiyoM se prerita hokara hI to mahAkavi jayadeva ne "aGgIkaroti yaH kAvyaM zabdArthAvanalaGa kRtI / asau na manyate kasmAdanuSNamanalaM kRtI // "8 analaGa kRta kAvya ko kAvya mAnane meM bhI Apatti kI hai| ataH hRdaya ke oja kI abhivyakti, vicAroM kI paripuSTi, zabdamAdhurya kI sRSTi tathA mAnasika citroM kI spaSTatA ke lie alaGkAroM kI sthiti anivArya mAnI gaI hai| zabdAlaGkAraH : eka avibhAjya aGga vivecanazIla mAnava ne vaijJAnika prakriyA ke mAdhyama se vastu ke vAstavika svarUpa ko parakhane kA paryApta prayAsa kiyA hai| alaGkAra zAstra ke AcArya bhI alaGkAroM kA vaijJAnika-vibhAjana yA vargIkaraNa karane meM tatpara rhe| pariNAmataH alaGkAra ke pramukha tIna bheda--(1) zabdagata, (2) arthagata aura 3. kAvyAlaGkAra-(bhAmaha) 1/13 / 4. vahI 1/16 / 5. kAvyAdarza--(daNDI) 2/1 / 6. kAvyAlaGkAra sUtra--(vAmana) 3/1/1 tathA 2 / 7. vakroktijIvita-1/6 / 8. candrAloka-1/8 / PRIMAnimaanadaaaaaaaaMBAJAJARAMINAABARDAroeluNusanNINNIMAMAnwrAINAMANASAIRASACRAIADEAKIMAM AgApravanavAbhimAsAcAryapravara bhira dhAAnandA zrIAnanda-grantha MHIVimeoNandinwwww wwww womammmmmmmmmmamtammanaKASANA
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________________ zrI Anandana grantha 99 zrI AnandakA antha prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya (3) ubhayagata' kiye gaye haiM / inameM bhI zabda ke sauSThava ko sarvasAdhAraNa ke samakSa saralatA se upasthita kara arthajJAna ke lie prerita karanA tathA varNa kautuka ke AdhAra para zrutimAdhurya se AkRSTa karane kA kArya zabdAlaGkAra para hI nirbhara rahA hai| 'kAvya yadi eka kalA hai to usa kalA kA rUpa zabdAlaGkAra hI hai' isa dRSTi se zabdAlaGkAra ke vibhinna rUpa prastuta hue aura unakI itanI vyApakatA huI ki koI bhI zabdazilpI isase baca nahIM pAyA / isakI paridhi meM pramukhataH cAra bAteM, jo ki bhASA ke saundarya ko bar3hAne meM atyadhika apekSita hotI haiM, una - (1) svara aura vyaMjanoM kI yojanA, (2) zabda-saMghaTanA, (3) pada athavA vAkya vyavasthA evaM susajjita vinyAsa tathA (4) artha saundarya athavA camatkAra kA sanniveza - kA samAveza Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai aura yahI kAraNa hai ki zabdAlaGkAra kAvya kA eka avibhAjya aGga bana gayA / zabdAlaGkAroM kI saMkhyA pUrvAcAryoM ne alaGkAra mAtra ke lie kahA hai ki- 'vANI kI alaGkAra - vidhi vistRta hai 10, alaGkAroM kI sRSTi to Aja bhI ho rahI hai, ataH samasta alaGkAroM kI gaNanA kauna kara sakatA hai ? 19 isake anusAra zabdAlaGkAra bhI mUlataH (1) anuprAsa, (2) yamaka, (3) punaruktavadAbhAsa, (4) vakrokti, ( 5 ) zleSa tathA ( 6 ) citra - ina chaha prakAroM meM vibhakta hokara bhI pratyeka ke anekAneka bhedopabhedoM ke kAraNa anantatA ko prApta karatA hai / Aja bhI isake bheda - prakAroM meM naye-naye svarUpoM kA samAveza ho rahA hai / 10 58 Wan Man yaha alaGkAra vastuta: apanI manauvaijJAnika prakriyA ke kAraNa anacAhe mana para bhI prabhAva jamAtA rahatA hai / tabhI to mahAkavi jagaddhara ne 'stutikusumAJjali' meM kahA hai ki zabdArtha mAtramapi ye na vidanti te'pi, saMruddha sarvakaraNa prasarA yAM mUrcchanAmiva mRgAH zravaNaiH pibantaH / bhavanti, citrasthitA eva kavIndragiraM namastAm / / 5 / 17 // aisI kavIndroM kI vANI meM jo nAda-saundarya antyAnuprAsanibaddha madhurAkSara-saMniveza, saMgItalayalaharI aura varNa- maitrIrUpa jhaMkRti kA hI nAma zabdAlaGkAra hai / prAkRta bhASA kA sAhitya vaise to prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha sAhitya kI paramparA ati prAcIna hai, kintu mahAkAvya ke rUpa meM Yin upalabdha prathama kRti 'setubandha" mahAkavi pravarasena kI mAnI jAtI hai; pA~cavIM zatI meM nirmita yaha kAvya 6. zabdArthobhaya bhUyiSTha bhedAt tredhA taducyate / 4/25 sarasvatI kaNThAbharaNa / 10. girAmalaGkAravidhiH savistaraH / - kAvyAlaGkAra - bhAmaha, 3-58 / 11. te cAdyApi vikalpyante kastAt kAtrtsnyena vakSyati / kAvyAdarza - daNDI, 2 / 1 /
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________________ prAkRta-vAGamaya meM zabdAlaMkAra 56 kAya n tatkAlIna gupta aura vAkATaka napatiyoM ke prazAsanika mahattva evaM vyApArika unnati ke kAraNa saMskRtavAGmaya ke sAtha-sAtha prAkRta-vAGmaya meM jo utkrAnti AyI thI, usakA pratIta bana gayA hai| isa kAvya meM bhAva evaM abhivyaMjanA pakSa ko santulita rakhate hue rAmakathA ke varNana meM anuprAsa, yamaka aura zleSAlaMkAra ko paryApta sthAna milA hai| isI zatI meM mahAkavi bhAravi kA kirAtArjunIya bhI likhA gayA thaa| ataH usakI racanA kA tathA tatkAlIna racanA-paddhati kA isa kAvya para bahuta prabhAva par3A hai| prAkRta-sAhitya meM setubandha-kAvya apane DhaMga kA eka anUThA kAvya hai| mahArASTrI prAkRta meM racita yaha kAvya 'rAvaNavadha' athavA 'dazamukhavadha' nAma se bhI prakhyAta hai| mahAkAvyoM kI paramparA meM prathama hone ke kAraNa uttaravartI na kevala prAkRta ke kaviyoM ne apitu saMskRtakAvyakAroM ne bhI zrI pravarasena kA nAma bar3e Adara se liyA hai| inake pazcAt navIM zatI meM zrI jayasiMha sUri ne 'dharmopadezamAlA vivaraNa' kI racanA kii| zrIsUri alaGkAra-zAstra ke acche paNDita the / ataH isa grantha meM unhoMne anuprAsAdi zabdAlaGkAroM ke sAthasAtha citrAlaGkAra ko adhika prazraya diyA hai / 'praznottara, pAdapUrti, vakrokti, gUDhokti' Adi ke atirikta puSpacUlA kI kathA meM vibhinna bhASA ke 'praznottaroM' kA prayoga bhI kiyA hai| saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, paizAcI aura mAgadhI bhASA meM 'madhyottara, bahiruttara, ekAlApaka, gatapratyAgata' nAmaka citra-bhedoM kA prayoga inakI apanI vizeSatA hai| udAharaNArtha dekhiye kAM pAti nyAyato rAjA vizrasA bodhyate katham / Tavarge paJcame ko vA rAjA kena virAjate // dharaNedo kaM dhAreha keNa va rogeNa dobbalA hoti / keNa va rAyaha semAna, paDivayaNaM 'kuJjareNe' ti // yahA~ saMskRta aura prAkRta donoM kA eka hI uttara-'kuJjareNa' kahA gayA hai| yathA-(1) kuMpRthivIm, (2) jareNa-vRddhena, (3) Na, (4) kuJjareNa, (5) ku, (6) jareNa-vRddhAvasthayA, (7) kuJjareNa / ityaadi| isI prakAra jinezvarasUri ke ziSya dhanezvarasUri (san 1038) ne 'surasundarI-cariya' kA nirmANa kiyA, jisameM krIDA-vinoda ke avasara para 'praznottara-citra' kA upayoga kiyA hai| saMskRta kI apekSA prAkRta ko sahaja-prApta sauvidhya ke AdhAra para saMskRta kA eka zabda prAkRta meM tIna cAra arthoM kA bodhaka bana jAtA hai, kyoMki usakA rUpa saMskRta meM vibhinna rUpoM meM bana jAtA hai| jaise 'sasaMka' zabda kA saMskRta rUpa 'zazAGka' aura 'sazaGka' sahaja ho sakatA hai| 12vIM zatI ke Arambha meM AcArya hemacandra ne 'dvayAzraya-kAvya' kI racanA kI thii| jisameM kumArapAla kA caritra aura siddha-haimavyAkaraNa ke niyamoM kA jJApana kiyA hai tathA isI ke dvitIya bhAga meM prAkRta, zaurasenI, mAgadhI, paizAcI, cUlikA-paizAcI aura apabhraMza ke vyAkaraNa kA samanvaya zleSa alaGkAra ke Azraya se karate hue kumArapAla kA varNana kiyA hai| ha zrIAnandA abhipAyapravarata prAmAnya grantha zrIAnanda AmAkana MAMIYNiwariMYTMInviryime-tani AmAvvvPvtArArvierry
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________________ CorruaaraamanamaAJAMINAIANMAAAAJAsanamaAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAMARIABASANKiainianusardrum:08 sAcArasatrAcArya SIAnandagranthazrAAnangra ntha prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya ba - isI prakAra kI eka anya racanA vararuci ke 'prAkRta prakAza' aura trivikrama ke 'prAkRta vyAkaraNa' ke viSayoM ko spaSTa karane ke lie 'siricidhakAvya' kI nimiti kavi sArvabhauma zrIkRSNa lIlAzUka ne kI hai| isa kavi kA apara nAma 'govindAbhiSeka' bhI hai| isakI racanA kavi kevala nau sargoM taka hI kara pAyA thA, ataH zeSa cAra sargoM kI racanA isake TIkAkAra zrI durgAprasAda yati ne kI hai| isameM kucha AkAra-citroM ko sthAna milA hai| jagaccandrasUri ke ziSya devacandrasUri (san 1270 I0) ne 'sudaMsaNAcariya' kI racanA meM adhyayanazAlA se par3hakara AI huI rAjakanyAoM se unakI parIkSA ke nimitta 'kaTa-prazna' kiye haiM, jo 'gUr3hacitra' ke udAharaNa haiN| sumatisUri (14vIM zatI) ne 'jinadattAkhyAnadvaya kI tathA ratnazekharasuri ke ziSya hemacandra (san 1371 I0) ne 'sirivAla-kahA' kI racanA kI hai| inameM prahelikAoM tathA samasyApUrtiyoM ko prazraya milA hai| zrI jayavallabha dvArA saMgRhIta 'vajjAlagaM' meM anuprAsAdi zabdAlaGkAroM kA paryApta vikAsa dikhAI detA hai / yathA kaha sA na saMbhalijjai, jA sA nisAsa sosisA sriiraa| AsAsijjaI sAso jAva na sA sA samappaMti / / yahA~ mUlabhAva ko anuprAsa aura yamaka kI yojanA se vyakta kiyA gayA hai| yamakakAvyoM kI paramparA kA poSaNa karate hae zrIkaNTha kavi ne 'sauricariya' nAmaka kAvya kI racanA dvArA eka abhinava prayAsa kiyA hai / isakI pratyeka gAthA meM zrIkRSNa ke caritra kA citraNa karate hae 'yamakAlaGkAra' kA Azraya liyA hai| yathA raa ruiraMgaM tANaM ghettUNa va aMgaNaMmi raMgatANaM / cuMbai mAAmahiA bala-kaNhANaM muhAI maaaamhiaa|| yahA~ dhUli-dhUsarita aGgavAle, A~gana meM reMgate hue baladeva aura kRSNa ko uThAkara pUjanIya mAtA yazodA unheM cUmane lagI aura vaha mAyA ke vaza meM ho gii| yaha varNana bar3e hI prAsAdika DhaMga se huA hai tathA 'pAdAntayamaka' kI yojanA bhI uttama huI hai| vahIM eka anya padya isa prakAra hai jo Nicco rAaMto ramAvaI sovigavva coraaaNto| vaha bahu baddho baMto saddovva Thiiccuo abddhosNto|| yahA~ 'jo kRSNa nitya zobhA ko prApta hote hae, gAyoM ke dUdha kI corI karate hue vraja-vanitA yazodA ke dvArA okhalI se bAMdha diye gaye the, phira bhI ve zAnta rahe, maryAdA se cyuta zabda kI bhA~ti ve abaddha hI rhe|' isa kathana ke sAtha-sAtha pUrvArdha aura uttarArdha meM 'antyayamaka' kA nirvAha darzanIya hai| citrAlaGkAramaya prAkRtastotrasAhitya / citrAlaGkAra varNAdi ko AkAra meM likhe jAte aura varNoM kI vibhinna AvattiyoM ke AdhAra para sphurita hote haiM / zabdAlaGkAra ke anya bhedoM kA jahA~ vibhinna rUpa se vikAsa dekhA jAtA hai, vahIM isa bheda kI bhI vistRti Azcaryajanaka rUpa meM huI hai| vAgvikalpa ke jo ananta prakAra haiM, unakA abhinava rUpa isa jayA -
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________________ prAkRta vAGamaya meM zabdAlaMkAra 61 yAsAra liyA vidhA meM mukharita huA hai / stuti-stotrarUpa varNyatattva, sarvajanasulabha prAkRta-bhASA aura citrAlaGkAra ina / tInoM kA eka apUrva saMgama hone se prAkRta-vAGamaya kA bhANDAra kaI dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa bana gayA hai| isa prakAra kA sAhitya paryApta upalabdha hai, usameM se udAharaNa ke rUpa meM kucha stotroM kA paricaya yahA~ diyA jA rahA hai| chaThI zatAbdI ke nikaTa maharSi nandiSeNa ne 'ajiyasaMti-thaya' nAma se eka citrastotra kI racanA kii| isa stotra meM vividha chandoM kA prayoga haA hai tathA citra-bandhoM kI dRSTi se--(1) rasapada, (2) tAlavRnta, (3) bhRGgAra, (4) vyaMjana, (5) svastika, (6) matsyayugala, (7) darpaNa, (8) zrIvatsa, (6) vApikA, (10) dIpikA, (11) maMgala-kalaza, (12) zarAvasampuTa, (13) tilakaratna, (14) bhadrAsana, (15) nAgapAza, (16) dhUpadAnI, (17) ratnamAlA, (18) caturdIpakA, (16) manthAna, (20) kumbha, (21) gadA, (22) mayUrakalA, (23) azva, (24) mayUra, (25) hala, (26) aSTAracakra, (27) mukuTa, (28) vINA, (26) naradhanuSa, (30) vRkSa, (31) dhvaja, (32) zikhara, (33) trizUla, (34) cAmara, (35) siMhAsana, (36) caturguccha, (37) kalpataru, (38) aSTadala-kamala, (36) mazAla, (40) nAgaphaNA, (41) kamala-mAlikA tathA (42) vyajana-bandhoM kI yojanA prApta hotI hai| yadyapi yaha bandhoM kI yojanA pUrvAcAryoM dvArA pratipAdita nahIM hai kintu isakI bhASAgata viziSTatA ke AdhAra para munizrI dhurandharavijayajI ne yaha prayAsa kiyA hai|' isI prakAra jayacandrasUri ke 'paNha gambha-paMcaparamiTTithavaNa' meM (1) zRGkhalA jAti aura trigata, (2) paJcakRtvogati, (3) catuHkRtvogati, (4) gatAgata evaM dvirgata tathA (5) aSTadala-kamala bandha kI yojanA kI gaI hai| inake atirikta nimnalikhita prAkRta-stotra bhI apanI zabdAlaGkAra poSaka aura vizeSataH citrAlaGkAra-mUlaka pravRttiyoM ke kAraNa anuzIlanIya haiM--- (1) mantragarbha zrIpArzvajinastavana -ratnakIrtisUri (2) mantragarbha zrIpArzvaprabhu-stavana --kamalaprabhAcArya (3) mantrayantrAdibhita zrIstambhana pArzvajina-stavana zrIpUrNakalaza gaNi (4) navagrahasvarUpagarbha zrIpArzvajina-stavana -~-ajJAtakartRka (5) aSTabhASAmaya sImandharajina-stavana ------zrIjinaharSa (6) aSTabhASAmaya samyaktvarAsa ----zrIsaMghakalaza (7) SaDbhASAmaya gauDIpArzvanAtha-stavana -zrIdharmavardhana madham 1. yaha pustaka prakAzanAdhIna hai tathA lekhaka ne isakI vyavasthA aura yojanA meM bhI sahayoga diyA hai| 2. yaha stotra bambaI ke 'jaina sAhitya vikAsa maNDala' se prakAzita 'namaskAra svAdhyAya' ke prAkRta stotra vibhAga meM sacitra mudrita hai| 3. prAkRta, mAgadhI. zaurasenI, paizAcI, calikA-paizAcI, apabhraMza aura saMskRta bhASA meM nirmita yaha stotra 'dharmavardhana-granthAvalI' 'bIkAnera' meM mudrita hai| dr mHyHHHHny j`bh mjmw`h y gldrhm Hq m````y` mrdn khy ` d` bh jr .. whw 4 zrAAnanda-granthazrAAnandaanya 2 Ca Amaranteememowoman me - - wowan MAv INAVI
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________________ AcArgapravara AcAryapravara abhi zrAAnandA grantha zrIAnanda 51 62 prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya (8) pArzvanAtha stotra (saMskRta prAkRta bhASAmaya) .-zrIsamayasundara (8) tIrthaGkara-catuvizati-gurunAmagarbha-pArzvastavana, (10) IryApathikI-vidhibhita pArzvanAthastavana, (11) saMskRta prAkRtamaya pArzvanAthastavana, (12) alpatvabahutva vicAragarbhita prAkRta stotra, (13) yamakabaddha prAkRta stotra, (14) saMskRta bhASAbhinnapUrvArdhAttarArdha zrIjinastavana-dharmaghoSasUri, (15) ohANabandha (AbhANakabandha) jinastotra, (16) saMskRta-prAkRtamaya zrIvIrastavana, dhanapAla (17) saMskRta prAkRtamaya Adidevastavana, rAmacandrasUri, (18) mahAmantrabhita ajitazAntistava, dharmaghoSa, (16) navagrahazleSarUpa pArzvanAtha lavustava, jinaprabhasUri, (20) mantra-bheSajAdi garmita yugAdidevastava, zubhasundaragaNi, (21) paMcakalyANaka kalitaka viMzatisthAnabhita-zrImallijinastavana, (22) bhojyAdinAmagarbha jinastavana tathA (23) rasavatIcitragarbha vardhamAnastava / upasaMhAra prAkRta bhASA kI zabdagumphanA meM anuraNana kI jo masRNatA sahaja upalabdha ho jAtI hai tathA padoM kI madUlatA aura mAMsalatA se jo Andolana-mAdhurI nikhara AtI hai, vaha sacamuca hI sahRdaya-hRdayaikagamya hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki nATakoM meM isa bhASA ko sarvatobhAvena prazraya milaa| kucha pAtroM ke lie yaha bhASA sarvathA Avazyaka mAnI gaI / eka kAla vaha bhI AyA ki lokaraMjana kI bhUmikA kA nirvAha karane ke liye saMskRta bhASA ko chor3a zuddha prAkRta meM hI gahana-sAhitya kI racanA kI jAne lgii| jaina-sampradAya aura unake AcAryoM ne apanI sAhitya-sAdhanA kA mAdhyama prAkRta bhASA ko hI svIkAra kiyaa| AgamAdi samasta dhArmika vAGamaya isI bhASA meM Akalita hai tathA unhIM granthoM ke mahAna dAyitva ko cira-sthira rakhane ke Aja bhI prayAsa ho rahe haiN|