Prakrit Bhasha Prabodhini

Author(s): Sangitpragnashreeji Samni
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/032454/1

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI unde vAgaNa tArA vidyA chAnA kavaladAnA garvamadrAcI rAkhara saGghadarisA sAdavama mATokApAsa anooremanfeme mocita panakIma kaI mAsivana piparahasI somAni nAsuranaralA vikIkara sAnayanigramamahimAzrama nikitAko pani buddhiparI sodhAta 17] zuddhi mApadesa pArasa vasura asAla suninaparosa nApadohA yojanamA kopAce vipAzA buddhimA lagI bhASA racIvitAri / pahilobAM rasamalA yaha syAnAnyA paraparenara ke niyama 75 // i KRIZIASED 948 bhUi gAUpaNa. putArA nighA chAnA kavalavaranA gavamadAvAra saJcadarisI sAdavama mAgAsa Navter sha 370 6 2/52P13121 pitpur 1085782 ICK &EX CHELS LAKE + 10 6 Ghotopr d r b slm l b l l@ VICILA IXEL DaoN. samaNI saMgItaprajJA

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI DaoN. samaNI saMgItaprajJA saha-AcArya prAcyavidyA evaM bhASA vibhAga jaina vizvabhAratI saMsthAna (mAnya vizvavidyAlaya) lADanUM - 341306 (rAja.)

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jJAtavya aura upayogI viSayoM kI avatAraNA kI gayI hai, jo par3hate hI hRdaya meM paiTha jamA lete haiN| prayojanIya niyamoM, rUpoM aura udAharaNoM ko vyAkhyApUrvaka samajhAne kA prayAsa bhI prastuta kRti meM kiyA gayA hai| vyAkaraNa, racanA aura anuvAda sambandhI una prArambhika bAtoM kA samAveza karane kA bhI prayatna kayA gayA hai, jinakI AvazyakatA bhASA ko sIkhane ke lie apekSita hai| udAharaNa-vAkya aura prayoga-vAkyoM se koI bhI pAThaka prAkRta bolane aura likhane kA abhyAsa kara sakatA hai| prAkRta meM zabdarUpoM evaM kriyArUpoM meM vikalpoM kA prayoga bahuta hotA hai| prAkRta janabhASA hone se yaha svAbhAvika bhI hai| ataH isa pustaka meM pAThaka ko prAyaH zabda yA kriyA ke rUpoM meM vikalpoM kI bahulatA prApta hogii|

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kRtajJatA isa kRti kI racanA kI pRSThabhUmi meM terApaMtha dharmasaMgha ke adhizAstA AcArya zrI mahAzramaNajI evaM sAdhvI pramukhAzrI kI preraNA evaM AzIrvAda rahA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa hI yaha merA laghuprayAsa sudhIjanoM ke sammukha kRti ke rUpa meM upasthita hai| maiM aMtastala se AcArya zrI va sAdhvI pramukhA zrI ke prati zraddhAvanata hU~ / sAdhvI maMgalaprajJAjI (pUrva kulapati, jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya) kI satata preraNA evaM mArgadarzana ko prApta kara, maiMne isa pustaka ko nibaddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| ataH maiM sAdhvIjI ke prati hArdika kRtajJatA jJApita karatI hU~ / vartamAna kulapati samaNI cAritraprajJAjI ke prati bhI hArdika AbhAra jJApana, kyoMki kulapati mahodayA kI anujJA se 'prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI' pustaka ke rUpa meM jana-sAmAnya ke samakSa prastuta hai / jaina vizvabhAratI saMsthAna ke saMskRta evaM prAkRta vibhAga ke pUrva vibhAgAdhyakSa pro. jagatarAma bhaTTAcArya ke prati zraddhAvanata hU~, jinase samaya-samaya para mile mahattvapUrNa nirdezana se lAbhAnvita hokara, maiM isa kArya ko pUrNa karane meM sakSama ho sakI hU~ / isI vibhAga ke pUrva sahAcArya DaoN. jinendra jaina kI AbhArI hU~, jinhoMne satata sahayoga pradAna kiyA / vartamAna vibhAgAdhyakSa pro. dAmodara zAstrI ke mArgadarzana meM isa kRti ko saMzodhita aura parivarddhita kiyA gayA unake prati hArdika kRtajJatA / isI vibhAga meM sahAyaka AcArya ke rUpa meM kAryarata DaoN. satyanArAyaNa bhAradvAja ke ullekhanIya sahayoga ke prati saadhuvaad| TaMkaNa kArya ko zrI sunIla kumAra mahato ne bar3e manoyoga se kiyA, ve dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiM / prastuta kRti meM sahayoga pradAtA samasta samaNIvRnda, mumukSu bahinoM ke prati bhI AtmIya kRtajJatA / vizeSataH isa kArya meM samaNIniyojikA DA. samaNI RjuprajJAjI kA satata AzIrvAda evaM snigdha preraNA milatI rahI, unake caraNoM meM merA namana / agrima AbhAra una jijJAsu pAThakoM evaM vidvAnoM ke prati bhI hai, jo isa pustaka ko gaharAI se par3hakara, mujhe apanI pratikriyA, sammati Adi se avagata karAyeMge tathA isake agrima saMzodhana-parivarddhana meM samabhAgI hoNge| samaNI saMgIta prajJA

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bhUmikA prAkRta bhASA : svarUpa evaM vikAsa prAkRta : bhAratIya Arya bhASA __ bhASAvidoM ne bhArata-IrAnI bhASA prazAkhA ke antargata 'bhAratIya Arya zAkhA' parivAra kA vivecana kiyA hai| prAkRta isI bhASA-parivAra kI eka Arya bhASA hai| vidvAnoM ne bhAratIya AryabhASA parivAra kI bhASAoM ke vikAsa ke tIna yuga nizcita kiye haiM 1. prAcIna bhAratIya AryabhASAkAla (1600 I.pU. se 600 I.pU.) 2. madhyakAlIna AryabhASAkAla (600 I.pU. se 1000 I. taka) 3. Adhunika AryabhASAkAla (1000 I. se vartamAna samaya taka) prAkRta bhASA kA ina tInoM kAloM se kisI na kisI rUpa meM sambandha banA huA hai| vaidika bhASA prAcIna Arya bhASA hai| usakA vikAsa tatkAlIna loka-bhASAoM se huA hai| bhASAvidoM ne prAkRta evaM vaidika bhASA meM dhvanitattva evaM vikAsa prakriyA kI dRSTi se kaI samAnatAe~ parilakSita kI haiN| ataH jJAta hotA hai ki vaidika bhASA aura prAkRta ke vikasita hone kA koI eka laukika samAna dharAtala rahA hai| kisI janabhASA ke samAna tattvoM para hI ina donoM bhASAoM kA bhavana nirmita huA hai, kintu Aja usa AdhArabhUta bhASA kA koI sAhitya yA bAnagI hamAre pAsa na hone se kevala hameM vaidika bhASA aura prAkRta sAhitya meM upalabdha samAna bhASA-tattvoM ke adhyayana para hI nirbhara rahanA par3atA hai| isase itanA to spaSTa hai ki vaidika bhASA ke svarUpa ko adhika ujAgara karane ke lie prAkRta bhASA kA gahana adhyayana Avazyaka hai| prAkRta bhASA kA svarUpa bhI binA vaidika bhASA ko jAne yA samajhe binA spaSTa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| phira bhI donoM svataMtra aura samartha bhASAe~ haiM, isa kathana meM koIvirodha nahIM aataa| bolacAla kI bhASA athavA kathya bhASA prAkRta kA vaidika bhASA ke sAtha jo sambandha thA, usI ke AdhAra para sAhityika prAkRta bhASA kA svarUpa nirmita huA hai| ataH

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4 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI jAtI hai taba vaha kAvya kI bhASA banane lagatI hai / prAkRta bhASA ko yaha saubhAgya do taraha se prApta hai| prAkRta meM jo Agama graMtha, vyAkhyA - sAhitya, kathA evaM caritagraMtha Adi likhe gaye, unameM kAvyAtmaka saundarya aura madhura rasAtmakatA kA samAveza hai / kAvya kI prAyaH sabhI vidhAoM - mahAkAvya, khaNDakAvya, muktakakAvya Adi ko prAkRta bhASA ne samRddha kiyA hai| isa sAhitya ne prAkRta bhASA ko lambe samaya taka pratiSThita rakhA hai| azoka ke zilAlekhoM ke lekhana - kAla (I.pU. tIsarI zatAbdI) se Aja taka ina apane 2300 varSoM ke jIvana kAla meM prAkRta bhASA ne apane kAvyAtmaka saundarya ko nirantara banAye rakhA hai| prAkRta bhASA kI isI madhuratA aura kAvyAtmakatA kA prabhAva hai ki bhAratIya kAvyazAstriyoM ne kAvya ke apane lakSaNa-granthoM meM prAkRta kI saikar3oM gAthAoM ke uddharaNa diye haiN| aneka subhASitoM ko unhoMne isa bahAne surakSita kiyA hai| dhvanyAloka kI TIkA meM abhinavagupta ne prAkRta kI jo gAthAe~ dI haiM, unameM se eka ukti draSTavya haicandamaUehiM NisA, NalinI kamalehiM kusumagucchehiM laA / haMsehiM sarahasohA, kavvakahA sajjaNehiM karai garui / / (2.50 TIkA) arthAt rAtri caMdramA kI kiraNoM se, nalinI kamaloM se, latA puSpa ke gucchoM se, zarada haMsoM se aura kAvyakathA sajjanoM se atyanta zobhA ko prApta hotI hai / alaMkAroM ke prayoga meM bhI prAkRta gAthAe~ bejor3a haiM / prAyaH sabhI alaMkAroM ke udAharaNa prAkRta kAvya meM prApta haiM / alaMkArazAstra ke paMDitoM ne apane graMthoM meM prAkRta gAthAoM ko unake artha-vaicitrya ke kAraNa bhI sthAna diyA hai| eka-eka zabda ke kaI-kaI artha prastuta karane kI kSamatA prAkRta bhASA meM vidyamAna hai / gAthAsaptazatI meM aisI kaI gAthAe~ haiM, jo zRMgAra aura sAmAnya donoM arthoM ko vyakta karatI haiM / arthAntaranyAsa prAkRta kAvya kA priya alaMkAra hai / setubandha kA eka udAharaNa draSTavya hai te viralA sappurisA, je abhaNantA ghaDenti kajjAlAve / thoa ccia te vi dumA, je amuNiakusumaNiggamA denti phalaM / / (setubandha 3. 9 ) arthAt aise satpuruSa saMsAra meM kama hote haiM, jo binA kahe hI kArya-yojanA kA anuSThAna karate haiM / aise vRkSa bhI thor3e hote haiM, jo puSpodgama ko binA prakaTa kiye hI phala pradAna karate haiM / 1 " isa prakAra kAvyazAstrIya siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana karate samaya Anandavardhana, bhojarAja, mammaTa, vizvanAtha, paMDitarAja jagannAtha Adi AlaMkArikoM dvArA

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI kAvya-lakSaNoM ke udAharaNoM ke lie prAkRta padyoM ko uddhRta karanA prAkRta ke sAhityika saundarya kA paricAyaka hai|" isa prakAra vaidika yuga, mahAvIra yuga evaM usake bAda ke vibhinna kAloM meM prAkRta bhASA kA svarUpa kramazaH spaSTa huA hai aura usakA mahattva vibhinna kSetroM meM bar3hA hai| bhAratIya bhASAoM ke AdikAla kI jana-bhASA se vikasita hokara prAkRta svataMtra rUpa se vikAsa ko prApta huii| bolacAla aura sAhitya ke pada para vaha samAna rUpa se pratiSThita rahI hai| usane deza kI cintanadhArA, sadAcAra aura kAvya-jagat ko anuprANita kiyA hai, ataH prAkRta bhAratIya saMskRti kI saMvAhaka bhASA hai| prAkRta ne apane ko kisI ghere meM kaida nahIM kiyaa| isake pAsa jo thA, use vaha jana-jana taka bikheratI rahI aura janasamudAya meM jo kucha thA, use vaha binA hicaka grahaNa karatI rhii| isa taraha prAkRta bhASA sarvagrAhya aura sArvabhaumika bhASA rahI hai| prAkRta ke svarUpa kI ye kucha aisI vizeSatAe~ haiM, jo prAcIna samaya se Aja taka loka-mAnasa ko prabhAvita karatI rahI haiN| vaidika bhASA aura prAkRta prAkRta bhASA ke svarUpa ko pramukha rUpa se do avasthAoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| vaidika yuga se mahAvIra yuga ke pUrva taka ke samaya meM jana-bhASA ke rUpa meM jo prAkRta pracalita thI, use prathamastarIya prAkRta kahA jA sakatA hai| mahAvIra yuga se IsA kI dvitIya zatAbdI taka Agama-granthoM, zilAlekhoM evaM nATakoM Adi meM prayukta bhASA ko dvitIyastarIya prAkRta nAma diyA jA sakatA hai aura tIsarI zatAbdI ke bAda IsA kI chaThI-sAtavIM zatAbdI taka pracalita evaM sAhitya meM prayukta prAkRta ko tRtIyastarIya prAkRta kaha sakate haiN| ina donoM staroM kI prAkRta ke svarUpa ko saMkSepa meM samajhane ke lie pahale vaidika bhASA aura prAkRta ke sambandha ko samajhanA hogaa| prAkRta kI mUla bhASA vaidika yuga ke samakAlIna pracalita eka jana-bhASA thii| usI se vaidika evaM prAkRta bhASA kA vikAsa huaa| ataH usa mUla lokabhASA meM jo vizeSatAe~ thIM, ve dAya ke rUpa meM vaidika bhASA aura prAkRta ko samAna rUpa se milI haiN| prathamastarIya prAkRta ke svarUpa ko jAnane ke lie vaidika bhASA meM prAkRta ke jo tattva rahe haiM, unakA gaharAI se adhyayana kiyA jAnA Avazyaka hai| yadyapi prathamastarIya prAkRta kA sAhitya anupalabdha haiM, tathApi mahAvIra yugIna dvitIyastarIya prAkRta kI pravRttiyoM ke pramANa vaidika bhASA (chAndas) ke sAhitya meM prApta hote haiN| DaoN. pI.DI. guNe kI kRti tulanAtmaka bhASAvijJAna, pR. 153 ke anusAra-"prAkRtoM kA astitva nizcita rUpa se vaidika boliyoM ke sAtha-sAtha vidyamAna thaa|" vastutaH Rgveda kI bhASA meM bhI kucha sImA taka hameM prAkRtIkaraNa dekhane ko milatA hai| Adhunika bhASAvidoM

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI upalabdha hai| digambara paramparA ke Agama zaurasenI bhASA meM upalabdha hai| ___prAcIna AcAryoM ne magadha prAnta ke arthAMza bhAga meM bolI jAne vAlI bhASA ko ardhamAgadhI kahA hai ("magahaddha visayabhAsAnibaddhaM addhamAgahI"- nishiithcuunni)| kucha vidvAn isa bhASA ko ardhamAgadhI isalie kahate haiM ki isameM Adhe lakSaNa mAgadhI prAkRta ke aura Adhe anya prAkRta ke pAye jAte haiM (prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya kA AlocanAtmaka itihAsa-nemicaMdra zAstrI, pR. 35) / vastuta pazcima meM zUrasena (mathurA) aura pUrva meM magadha ke bIca isa bhASA kA vyavahAra hotA rahA hai| ataH ise ardhamAgadhI kahA gayA hogaa| isa bhASA kA samaya kI dRSTi se I.pU. cauthI zatAbdI taya kiyA jAtA hai| ____(iii) zaurasenI-zUrasena (brajamaNDala, mathurA ke AsapAsa) pradeza meM prayukta hone vAlI janabhASA ko zaurasenI prAkRta ke nAma se jAnA gayA hai| azoka ke zilAlekhoM meM bhI isakA prayoga huA hai| ataH zaurasenI prAkRta bhI mahAvIra yuga meM pracalita rahI hogI, yadyapi usa samaya kA koI likhita zaurasenI grantha Aja upalabdha nahIM hai, kintu usI paramparA meM prAcIna AcAryoM ne SaTkhaNDAgama Adi granthoM kI racanA zaurasenI prAkRta meM kI hai aura Age bhI kaI zatAbdiyoM taka isa bhASA meM grantha likhe jAte rahe haiN| azoka ke abhilekhoM meM zaurasenI ke prAcIna rUpa prApta hote haiN| nATakoM meM pAtra zaurasenI bhASA kA prayoga karate haiM, ataH prayoga kI dRSTi se ardhamAgadhI se zaurasenI prAkRta vyApaka mAnI gayI hai| isakA pracAra madhyadeza meM adhika thaa| 2. zilAlekhI prAkRta __zilAlekhI prAkRta ke prAcInatama rUpa azoka ke zilAlekhoM meM prApta hote haiN| ye zilAlekha I.pU. 3 ke lagabhaga deza ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM azoka ne khudavAye the| isase yaha spaSTa hai ki jana-samudAya meM prAkRta bhASA bahu-pracalita thI aura rAjakAja meM bhI usakA prayoga hotA thaa| azoka ke zilAlekha prAkRta bhASA kI dRSTi se to mahattvapUrNa haiM hI, sAtha hI ve tatkAlIna saMskRti ke jIte-jAgate pramANa bhI haiN| azoka ne choTe-choTe vAkyoM meM kaI jIvana-mUlya janatA taka pahu~cAye haiN| vaha kahatA haiprANAnAM sAdhu anArambho, apavyayatA apabhANDatA saadhu| (tRtIya zilAlekha) (prANiyoM ke lie kI gayI ahiMsA acchI hai, thor3A kharca aura thor3A saMgraha acchA hai|) sava pAsaMDA bahusutA ca asu, kalyANAgamA ca asu| (dvAdaza zilAlekha)

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 9 (sabhI dhArmika sampradAya ( eka dUsare ko sunane vAle hoM aura kalyANa kA kArya karane vAle hoM / ) samrAT azoka ke bAda lagabhaga IsA kI cauthI zatAbdI taka prAkRta meM zilAlekha likhe jAte rahe haiM, jinakI saMkhyA lagabhaga do hajAra hai / khAravela kA hAthIguMphA zilAlekha, udayagiri evaM khaNDagiri ke zilAlekha tathA Andhra rAjAoM ke prAkRta zilAlekha sAhityika aura itihAsa kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiM / prAkRta bhASA ke kaI rUpa inameM upalabdha haiM / khAravela ke zilAlekha meM upalabdha namo arahaMtAnaM namo savasidhAnaM paMkti meM prAkRta ke namaskAra maMtra kA prAcIna rUpa prApta hotA hai / saralIkaraNa kI pravRtti kA bhI jJAna hotA hai / bhAratavarSa (bharadhavasa) zabda kA sarvaprathama ullekha isI zilAlekha kI dazavIM paMkti meM milatA hai / isa taraha prAkRta ke zilAlekha bhArata ke sAMskRtika itihAsa ke lie mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI pradAna karate haiM / 3. niyA prAkRta prAkRta bhASA kA prayoga bhArata ke par3osI prAntoM meM bhI bar3ha gayA thA / isa bAta kA patA niyA pradeza (cInI, turkistAna) se prApta lekhoM kI bhASA se calatA hai, jo prAkRta bhASA se milatI-julatI hai| niyA prAkRta kA adhyayana DaoN. sukumAra sena ne kiyA hai, unakI pustaka 'e kampereTiva grAmara Apha miDila iNDo-Aryana' se jJAta hotA hai ki ina lekhoM kI prAkRta bhASA kA sambandha daradI varga kI tokhArI bhASA ke sAtha hai| ataH prAkRta bhASA meM itanI loca aura saralatA hai ki vaha deza-videza kI kisI kI bhASA se apanA sambandha jor3a sakatI hai / 4. prAkRta dhammapada kI bhASA 1 pAli bhASA meM likhA huA dhammapada prasiddha hai / kintu prAkRta bhASA meM likhA huA eka aura dhammapada bhI prApta huA hai, jise bI. ema. baruA aura esa. mitrA ne san 1621 meM kalakattA se prakAzita kiyA hai / (yaha prAkRta bhAratI ke puSpa -70 meM san 1990 meM prakAzita ho cukA hai / ) yaha kharoSThI lipi meM likhA gayA hai| isakI prAkRta kA sambandha paizAcI Adi prAkRta se hai / 5. azvaghoSa ke nATakoM kI prAkRta Adi yuga kI prAkRta bhASA kA pratinidhitva lagabhaga prathama zatAbdI ke nATakakAra azvaghoSa ke nATakoM kI prAkRta bhASA bhI karatI hai / ardhamAgadhI, zaurasenI aura mAgadhI prAkRta kI vizeSatAe~ ina nATakoM se prApta hotI haiN| isase yaha jJAta hotA

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10 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI hai ki isa yuga meM prAkRta bhASA kA prayoga kramazaH bar3ha rahA thA aura Agama granthoM kI bhASA kucha-kucha nayA svarUpa grahaNa kara rahI thii| madhyayuga IsA kI dUsarI se chaThI zatAbdI taka prAkRta bhASA kA prayoga nirantara bar3hatA rhaa| ataH ise prAkRta bhASA aura sAhitya kA samRddha yuga kahA jA sakatA hai| jIvana ke vibhinna kSetroM meM isa samaya prAkRta kA prayoga hone lagA thaa| mahAkavi bhAsa ne apane nATakoM meM prAkRta ko pramukha sthAna diyaa| kAlidAsa ne pAtroM ke anusAra prAkRta bhASAoM ke prayoga ko mahattva diyaa| isI yuga ke nATakakAra zUdraka ne vibhinna prAkRtoM kA paricaya karAne ke uddezya se mRcchakaTikam prakaraNa kI racanA kii| yaha lokajIvana kA pratinidhi nATaka hai| ataH usameM prAkRta ke prayogoM meM bhI vividhatA hai| ___isI yuga meM prAkRta meM kathA, carita, purANa evaM mahAkAvya Adi vidhAoM meM grantha likhe gye| unameM jisa prAkRta kA prayoga huA, use sAmAnya prAkRta kahA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki taba-taka prAkRta ne eka nizcita svarUpa prApta kara liyA thA, jo kAvya-lekhana ke lie Avazyaka thaa| prAkRta ke isa sAhityika svarUpa ko mahArASTrI prAkRta kahA gayA hai| isI yuga meM guNADhya ne bRhatkathA nAmaka kathA-grantha prAkRta meM likhA, jisakI bhASA paizAcI kahI gayI hai| isa taraha isa yuga ke sAhitya meM pramukha rUpa se jina tIna prAkRta bhASAoM kA prayoga huA hai, ve haiM-1. mahArASTrI, 2. mAgadhI, 3. paishaacii| ina tInoM prAkRtoM kA svarUpa prAkRta ke vaiyAkaraNoM ne apane vyAkaraNa-granthoM meM spaSTa kiyA hai| (ka) mahArASTrI prAkRta __ jisa prakAra sthAna-bheda ke kAraNa zaurasenI Adi prAkRtoM ko nAma diye jAte haiM, usI taraha mahArASTra prAnta kI janabolI se vikasita prAkRta kA nAma mahArASTrI pracalita huA hai| isane marAThI bhASA ke vikAsa meM bhI yogadAna diyA hai| mahArASTrI prAkRta ke varNa adhika komala aura madhura pratIta hote haiN| ataH isa prAkRta kA kAvya meM sarvAdhika prayoga huA hai| IsA kI prathama zatAbdI se vartamAna yuga taka isa prAkRta meM grantha likhe jAte rahe haiN| prAkRta vaiyAkaraNoM ne bhI mahArASTrI prAkRta ke lakSaNa likhakara anya prAkRtoM kI kevala vizeSatAe~ ginA dI haiN| (kha) mAgadhI magadha pradeza kI janabolI ko sAmAnya taura para mAgadhI prAkRta kahA gayA hai| mAgadhI kucha samaya taka rAjabhASA thii| ataH isakA samparka bhArata kI kaI boliyoM ke

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 11 sAtha huA / isIlie pAli, ardhamAgadhI Adi prAkRtoM ke vikAsa meM mAgadhI prAkRta ko mUla mAnA jAtA hai| isameM kaI loka bhASAoM kA samAveza thaa| mAgadhI kA prayoga azoka ke zilAlekhoM meM huA hai aura nATakakAroM ne apane nATakoM meM isakA prayoga kiyA hai, kintu isakA koI svataMtra grantha prApta nahIM huA hai| (ga) paizAcI prAkRta deza ke uttara-pazcima prAntoM ke kucha bhAga ko paizAca deza kahA jAtA thA / vahA~ para vikasita isa janabhASA ko paizAcI prAkRta kahA gayA hai / yadyapi isakA koI eka sthAna nahIM hai| vibhinna sthAnoM ke loga isa bhASA ko bolate the / prAkRta bhASA se samAnatA hone ke kAraNa paizAcI ko bhI prAkRta kA eka bheda mAna liyA gayA hai / isa bhASA meM bRhatkathA nAmaka grantha likhe jAne kA ullekha hai, kintu vaha mUla rUpa meM prApta nahIM hai| usake rUpAntara prApta haiM, jinase mUla grantha kA mahattva siddha hotA hai / isa prakAra madhyayuga meM prAkRta bhASA kA jitanA adhika vikAsa huA, utanI hI usameM vividhatA AyI, kintu sAhitya meM prayoga bar3ha jAne ke kAraNa vibhinna prAkRteM mahArASTrI prAkRta ke rUpa meM "ekarUpatA ko grahaNa karane lagIM / " prAkRta ke vaiyAkaraNoM ne sAhitya ke prayogoM ke AdhAra para mahArASTrI prAkRta ke vyAkaraNa ke kucha niyama nizcita kara diye| unhIM ke anusAra kaviyoM ne apane granthoM meM mahArASTrI prAkRta kA prayoga kiyA / isase prAkRta bhASA meM sthiratA to AyI, kintu usakA jana-jIvana se sambandha dinoM dina ghaTatA calA gyaa| vaha sAhitya kI bhASA banakara raha gayI / ataH janabolI kA svarUpa use kucha bhinnatA lie hue pracalita hone lagA, jise bhASAvidoM ne apabhraMza bhASA nAma diyA hai / eka taraha se prAkRta ne lagabhaga 6-7vIM zatAbdI meM apanA janabhASA athavA mAtRbhASA kA svarUpa apabhraMza ko sauMpa diyaa| yahA~ se prAkRta bhASA ke vikAsa kI tIsarI avasthA prArambha huii| apabhraMza yuga ( Adhunika yuga ) prAkRta evaM apabhraMza prAkRta evaM apabhraMza ina donoM bhASAoM kA kSetra prAyaH eka jaisA thA tathA inameM sAhitya-lekhana kI dhArA bhI samAna thI / vikAsa kI dRSTi se bhI donoM bhASAe~ janaboliyoM se vikasita huI haiN| vyAkaraNa kI bhI bahuta kucha inameM samAnatA hai, kintu isa sabase prAkRta aura apabhraMza ko eka nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| donoM hI svataMtra bhASAeM haiN| donoM kI apanI alaga pahacAna hai / prAkRta meM saralatA kI dRSTi se jo bAdhA raha gayI thI, use

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12 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI apabhraMza bhASA ne dUra karane kA prayatna kiyaa| kArakoM, vibhaktiyoM, pratyayoM ke prayoga meM apabhraMza nirantara prAkRta se sarala hotI gayI hai| ___ apabhraMza, prAkRta aura hindI bhASA ko paraspara jor3ane vAlI kar3I hai| vaha Adhunika bhAratIya AryabhASAoM (rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI, marAThI Adi) kI pUrvavartI avasthA hai| apabhraMza bhASA meM chaThI zatAbdI se 12vIM zatAbdI taka paryApta sAhitya likhA gayA mahAkavi svayaMbhU ko apabhraMza kA Adikavi kahA jA sakatA hai| isake bAda mahAkavi raidhU taka kaI mahAkaviyoM ne isa bhASA ko samRddha kiyA hai| apabhraMza bhASA prAkRta bhASA ke vikAsa kI tIsarI avasthA mAnI jAtI hai| IsA kI chaThI zatAbdI se lagabhaga bArahavIM zatAbdI taka apabhraMza kA utkarSa yuga rhaa| isa bIca prAkRta bhASAoM meM bhI kAvya likhe jAte rahe, kintu janabolI ke rUpa meM apabhraMza prayukta hotI rhii| isa taraha eka hI samaya meM samAnAntara rUpa se pracalita ina donoM bhASAoM meM kaI samAnatAeM ekatra hotI rhiiN| bhASA ke saralIkaraNa kI pravRtti ko apabhraMza ne prAkRta se grahaNa kiyA aura kaI zabda tathA vyAkaraNAtmaka vizeSatAe~ bhI usane grahaNa kii| ina saba pravRttiyoM ko apabhraMza ne apanI aMtima avasthA meM kSetrIya bhASAoM ko sauMpa diyaa| isa taraha apabhraMza bhASA kA mahattva prAkRta aura Adhunika bhAratIya bhASAoM ke ApasI sambandha ko jAnane ke lie Avazyaka hai| * prAkRta svayaM zikSaka (bhAga-1), pro. prema sumana jaina, prakAzakaH rAjasthAna prAkRtabhAratI akAdamI, jayapura se sAbhAra uddhRta

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prAkRta vyAkaraNa kI saMkSipta jAnakArI vicAroM kI abhivyakti kA mAdhyama bhASA hai| yadi bhASA nahIM hotI to vicAra sAmudAyika rUpa dhAraNa nahIM kara paataa| bhASA ke viziSTa jJAna ke lie usake vyAkaraNa grantha para dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai| sarvaprathama yaha jAnanA hogA ki vyAkaraNa kA artha kyA hai? usakA prayojana kyA hai tathA isakA mahattva kyA hai? vyAkaraNa zabda kI vyutpatti isa prakAra hai-vi+A+kR+lyuTa / 'vi' arthAt vizeSa prakAra se aura 'A' arthAt cAroM ora se tathA 'kR' arthAt krnaa| arthAt vyAkaraNa vaha zAstra hai, jo cAroM ora se aura vizeSa prakAra se bhASA-tattva kA niyamana karatA hai| _ 'vyAkriyante vivicyante prakRtipratyayAdayo yatra tad vyAkaraNam', jisameM zabdoM ke prakRti (mUla zabda yA dhAtu) aura pratyayoM Adi kA vivecana kiyA jAtA hai, use vyAkaraNa kahate haiN| prayojana 'sAdhutvajJAnaviSayA saiSA vyAkaraNasmRtiH' (vAkyapadIya 1-143)-sAdhu yA ziSTa-prayogocita zabdoM kA jJAna karAnA vyAkaraNa kA uddezya hai| 'rakSohAgamaladhvasaMdehAH pryojnm|' pataMjali ne isa sUtra meM vyAkaraNa ke pAMca prayojana batAye haiM-rakSA, Uha, Agama, laghu tathA asNdeh| vyAkaraNa ke ye mukhya prayojana haiN| niSkarSa ke rUpa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki vyAkaraNa vaha tattva hai, jisase jana-sAmAnya ko bhI bhASA samajhane kI apUrva dRSTi prApta hotI hai| vyAkaraNa zabdoM kI zuddhi sikhAtA hai, prakRti aura pratyaya kA vibhAjana kara utsarga aura apavAda niyamoM se kisI zabda kI sAdhutA aura asAdhutA kA vivecana kara use prayoga yogya banA detA hai, pratyayoM ke dvArA zabda-racanA kA mArga batAtA hai|

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14 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI prAkRta vyAkaraNa graMtha DhAI hajAra varSa purAnA prAkRta sAhitya Aja upalabdha hai| 'AyAro' prAcInatama Agama ke rUpa meM svIkRta hai| AcArAMga, sthAnAMga, anuyogadvAra Adi meM vacana, liMga, kAraka, samAsa, taddhita, dhAtu, nirukta Adi prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke aMgoM kA ullekha hai, kintu koI bhI prAcIna prAkRta vyAkaraNa upalabdha nahIM hai| upalabdha prAkRta vyAkaraNoM kA kAlakrama isa prakAra hai1. prAkRta lakSaNa isake racayitA caMDa haiN| isakA samaya I. 2-3 zatAbdI hai| tIna pAdoM ke 99 sUtroM meM prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa graMtha kI anya cAra pratiyoM meM caturthapAda bhI milatA hai, jisameM 4 sUtra haiN| upalabdha prAkRta vyAkaraNoM meM yaha sarvaprAcIna hai| 2. prAkRtaprakAza isake kartA vararuci haiN| prAkRta vaiyAkaraNoM meM caMDa ke bAda vararuci pramukha vaiyAkaraNa haiN| inakA samaya I. 4-5 zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| prAkRtaprakAza meM 12 pariccheda haiN| nau pariccheda taka mahArASTrI prAkRta, dasaveM meM paizAcI, gyAra meM bhAgadhI aura bArahaveM meM zaurasenI ke niyama haiN| 3. prAkRtazabdAnuzAsana puruSottamadevakRta prAkRtazabdAnuzAsana meM tIna se lekara bIsa adhyAya haiN| inakA samaya I. 12vIM zatAbdI hai| isameM zAkArI, cAMDAlI, zAbarI aura vibhASAoM kA bhI vivecana hai| 4. siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana __ prAkRta vyAkaraNazAstra ko pUrNatA AcArya hemacandra ke siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana se prApta huI hai| isa kAla bhI I. 12vIM zatAbdI hai| AcArya hemacandra ne vibhinna viSayoM para aneka graMtha lekhe haiN| inakI vidvattA kI chApa inake isa vyAkaraNa graMtha para bhI hai| isa graMtha ke hindI, gujarAtI, aMgrejI anuvAda bhI nikala cuke haiN| isake ATha adhyAya haiN| prathama sAta adhyAyoM meM saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA anuzAsana tathA AThaveM meM prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA nirUpaNa hai| AThaveM adhyAya meM cAra pAdoM meM kula 1119 sUtra haiN| caturtha pAda meM zaurasenI, mAgadhI, paizAcI, cUlikA paizAcI aura apabhraMza prAkRtoM kA zabdAnuzAsana graMthakAra ne kiyA hai tathA dhAtvAdeza kI pramukhatA hai| isa graMtha kA yaha vaiziSTya hai ki prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ke graMthoM kA upayoga karate hue bhI apane vyAkaraNa meM bahuta-sI bAteM naI aura viziSTa zailI meM prastuta kI haiN|

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15 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 5. prAkRtazabdAnuzAsana trivikrama 13vIM zatAbdI ke vaiyAkaraNa the| unhoMne prAkRta sUtroM ke nirmANa ke sAtha svayaM unakI vRtti bhI likhI hai| isameM tIna adhyAya tathA pratyeka adhyAya meM 4-4 pAda haiN| kula sUtra 1036 haiN| yadyapi isa kRti meM hemacandra kA hI anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai, phira bhI isameM jo anekArtha zabda diye gaye haiM, vaha prakaraNa hemacandra kI apekSA viziSTa hai| kucha anekArthaka zabda, jaise-amAra-TApU, kchuaa| karoDa-kauA, nAriyala, baila aadi| isakI eka vizeSatA yaha bhI hai ki hemacandra dvArA kahe hue apabhraMza udAharaNoM kI saMskRta chAyA bhI inhoMne dI hai| 6. prAkRtakalpataru baMgAla nivAsI zrIrAma zarmA tarkavAgIza ne prAkRta kalpataru nAmaka vyAkaraNa likhA hai| inakA samaya 17vIM zatAbdI mAnA gayA hai| isa vyAkaraNa meM tIna zAkhAeM haiN| prathama zAkhA meM dasa stabaka, dUsarI meM tIna tathA tIsarI zAkhA meM nAgara aura brAcaDa apabhraMza tathA paizAcI kA vivecana hai| 7. prAkRtarUpAvatAra siMharAja ne trivikrama prAkRtavyAkaraNa ko kaumudI ke DhaMga se 'prAkRtarUpAvatAra' meM taiyAra kiyA hai| inakA samaya 15-16vIM zatAbdI hai| saMjJA aura kriyApadoM kI rUpAvalI ke jJAna ke lie yaha vyAkaraNa kama mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai| 8. SaDbhASAcaMdrikA isake racanAkAra lakSmIdhara haiN| inakA samaya 16vIM zatAbdI hai| trivikrama ke graMtha ko sarala karane ke lie unhoMne yaha vyAkhyA likhI hai| 9. prAkRtacaMdrikA paM. zeSakRSNa kI prAkRtacandrikA zlokabaddha prAkRta vyAkaraNa hai| inakA samaya 16vIM zatAbdI hai| isa graMtha meM nau prakAza haiN| 10. prAkRtamaNidIpa zaiva vidvAna appayadIkSita ne prAkRtamaNidIpa likhA hai| inakA samaya bhI 16vIM zatAbdI hai| saMkSepa ruci vAle pAThakoM ke lie likhe jAne ke kAraNa yaha graMtha vistRta nahIM hai| 11. prAkRtasarvasva yaha graMtha prAcya zAkhA ke prasiddha prAkRtavaiyAkaraNa mArkaNDeya kA mahattvapUrNa graMtha hai|

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16 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI inakA samaya 16vIM zatAbdI hai| DaoN. pizala kA kahanA hai ki mahArASTrI, jainamahArASTrI, ardhamAgadhI aura jainazaurasenI ke atirikta anya prAkRta boliyoM ke niyamoM kA jJAna prApta karane ke lie mArkaNDeya kavIndra kA 'prAkRtasarvasva' bahuta mUlyavAna hai| 12. jainasiddhAntakaumudI yaha muni ratnacaMdajI kI racanA hai| inakA samaya 17vIM zatAbdI hai| 13. pizela kA prAkRta vyAkaraNa isake racanAkAra DaoN. Ara. pizela haiN| inakA samaya 19vIM zatAbdI hai| Adhunika bhASA-zAstrIya adhyayana kI dRSTi se yaha byAkaraNa-graMtha sarvAdhika upayogI hai| isake atirikta kramadIzvara kA 'saMkSiptasAra', laMkezvara kA 'prAkRta kAmadhenu', zrutasAgara kA 'audAryacintAmaNi', zubhacandra kA 'cintAmaNivyAkaraNa', raghunAthazaryana kA 'prAkRtAnanda', ajJAtakartRka 'prAkRtapadyavyAkaraNa' Adi vyAkaraNa graMtha bhI likhe gaye ina ullikhita prAkRta vyAkaraNa graMthoM ke atirikta kucha anya prAkRta vyAkaraNoM ke bhI graMthoM meM ullekha milate haiN| isa prakAra prAkRta ke a... yAkaraNa graMtha haiN| prAkRta ke sAmAnya niyama atha prAkRtam 1/1 atha zabda yahAM maMgala aura adhikAra artha meM prayukta huA hai| atha zabda maMgalasUcaka hone ke kAraNa kisI racanA ke Arambha meM prayukta hotA hai| adhikAra arthAt eka ke bAda eka sUtroM meM pIche kI anuvRtti grahaNa krnaa| AcArya hemacandra ne prAkRta kI prakRti saMskRta ko mAnA hai| unake anusAra saMskRta meM hone vAlA (tatra bhava) athavA saMskRta se AyA huA (tata Agata) prAkRta zabdAnuzAsana hai| prAkRta meM prakRti, pratyaya, liMga, kAraka, samAsa aura saMjJA Adi ko saMskRta ke samAna jAnanA caahie| prakRti - nAma, dhAtu, avyaya, upasarga Adi ko prakRti kahate haiN| pratyaya - saMjJAoM ke sAtha prayukta hone vAle si, au Adi tathA dhAtuoM ke sAtha prayukta hone vAle tip, tas Adi ko pratyaya kahate haiN| liMga - pulliMga, strIliMga, napuMsakaliMga ko liMga kahate haiN| kAraka - kriyA ke nimitta kartA, karma karaNa Adi ko kAraka kahate haiN|

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI samAsa - do yA do se adhika zabdoM ke saMyoga ko samAsa kahate haiM / saMjJA - svara, vyaMjana, laghu, guru Adi ko saMjJA kahate haiM / 'lokAt ' kI anuvRtti kA yahAM grahaNa huA hai / isalie R, R, lR, lR, ai au, Ga, Ja, za, Sa, visarga aura pluta (tIna mAtrA vAlA) ko chor3akara zeSa varNa - samudAya ko loka vyavahAra se jAnanA cAhie / 17 prAkRta meM svataMtra rUpa se Ga aura Ja kA astittva nahIM hai, kintu Ga aura Ja apane varga ke vyaMjanoM ke sAtha hote haiM, jaise- gaGgA, paJca / kahIM-kahIM vyAkaraNoM meM ai aura aura bhI milate haiN| jaise- kaiavaM, sauariaM / prAkRta meM svararahita vyaMjana nahIM hotA hai / dvivacana aura caturthI vibhakti bhI nahIM hotI / dvivacana kA prayoga bahuvacana ke rUpa meM tathA caturthI vibhakti ke sthAna para SaSThI vibhakti kA prayoga hotA hai / tAdarthya ( usake lie) ekavacana meM prAyaH caturthI vibhakti kA prayoga prApta hotA hai / 2. bahulam 1/2 zAstra parisamApti taka 'bahulaM' sUtra kA adhikAra jAnanA cAhie; bahula kA artha haikahIM sUtra kI pravRtti hotI hai, kahIM para sUtra kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai, kahIM para vikalpa se hotI hai to kahIM para kucha anya hI ho jAtA hai / 3. ArSam 1/3 RSiyoM kI vANI ko ArSa kahate haiM / ArSa prAkRta bhI bahulatA yukta hotI hai / varNa pratyeka pUrNa dhvani ko varNa kahate haiM, jaise-a, A, ka, kha .... / saMskRta meM kula 47 varNa haiM / unameM 14 svara aura 33 vyaMjana haiN| varNa ke do bheda haiM2. vyaMjana / 1. svara, svara anya varNa kI sahAyatA ke binA jisakA uccAraNa ho sake, use svara kahate haiM / svara nimna hote haiM-a, A, i, I, u, U, R, R, lR, lR, e, ai, o, au / prAkRta meM nimna ATha svara hI hote haiM a, A, i, I, u, U, e, o / uparyukta svaroM ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai1. hrasva svara-a, i, u, e, o 1

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18 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 2. dIrgha svara-A, I, U, e, o| e aura o dIrghasvara haiM, parantu prAkRta meM saMyoga pare hone para e aura o ko (uccAraNa kI dRSTi se) hasva svara mAnA gayA hai, jaise-ekkekkaM (ekaikam), AroggaM (aarogym)| yadyapi prAkRta meM 'ai' aura 'au' svara kA prayoga nahIM hotA hai, phira bhI bahulatA ke kAraNa koI-koI zabda milate bhI haiM, yathA- kaiavaM (kaitavaM) sauariaM (saundaryam) svara parivartana prAkRta meM sAmAnya rUpa se svara-parivartana kI vyavasthA isa prakAra hai1. dIrgha svaroM kA isvIkaraNa, 2. isva svaroM kA dIrdhIkaraNa, 3. svaroM ko svara kA Adeza, 4. avyaya ke svaroM kA lop| 1. dIrgha svaroM kA isvIkaraNa hasvaH saMyoge 1/84 saMyoga pare hone para prayoga ke anusAra dIrgha ko hasva hotA hai| (a) prAkRta meM saMyukta varNa kA pUrva akSara dIrgha arthAt A, I, U hote haiM ve kramazaH a, i, u meM parivartita ho jAte haiM, yathA (ka) A-a-Amram-aMbaM, tAmram-taMbaM / (kha) I-i-munIndraH-muNindo, tiirthm-titthN| (ga) U-u-cUrNaH-cuNNo, uurmi-ummi| (ba) yadi saMyukta varNa kA pUrva varNa e aura o hotA hai taba e-i meM aura o-u meM parivartita ho jAte haiM, yathA-narendraH-narindo, nIlotpalam-nIluppalaM / 2. isva svaroM kA dIrdhIkaraNa lupta-ya-ra-va-za-Sa-sAM za-Sa-sAM dIrghaH 1/43 jisa zabda ke ya, ra, va, za, Sa, sa kA lopa ho gayA hai aura za, Sa, sa zeSa bacA hai to una zabdoM ke Adi svara ko dIrgha ho jAtA hai| prAkRta meM saMyukta varNa meM eka varNa kA lopa hone para pUrva svara dIrgha ho jAtA hai, yathApazyati-pAsai, shissyH-siiso|

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19 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 3. svaroM kA svaroM meM parivartana (a) R varNa kA prAkRta meM a, i, u aura ri hotA hai, yathARto't 1/126 Adi RkAra ko akAra hotA hai| __ R> a; ghRtam-ghayaM, kRtam-kayaM, vRSabhaH-vasaho, mRgH-mo| itkRpAdau 1/128 kRpA Adi zabdoM meM Adi RkAra ko ikAra hotA hai| R > i; kRpA-kivA, hRdayam-hiyayaM, bhNgaarH-bhiNgaaro| udRtvAdau 1/131 Rtu Adi zabdoM ke Adi RkAra ko ukAra hotA hai| R > u; RtuH-uU, pRSThaH-puTTho, pRthivI phuhaI, vRttAntaH-kuttanto, kRdaM kuMda ityaadi| R > ri; RddhiH-riddhi, RkSaH-riccho, RSiH-risI aadi| (ba) kabhI-kabhI Rke sthAna para A, e, o aura Dhi bhI hotA hai| yaha niyama bahuta se zabdoM para lAgU nahIM hai| lekina kucha zabdoM para isakA prabhAva hai, yathAkRzA-kAsA, mRdukaM-mAukka, vRntaM-veNTaM, vonnttN| (sa) saMskRta kA RkArAnta zabda prAkRta meM tIna prakAra kA hotA hai- ara, Ara aura u| yathA saMskRta pitR zabda meM piara aura piu tathA bhAtR zabda kA bhAyara hotA hai| 4. avyaya ke svaroM kA lopa padAdapervA 2/10 (a) pada se pare api avyaya ke Adi a kA lopa vikalpa se hotA hai; yathA keNa + api = kennvi-kennaavi| jaNA + api = jnnvi-jnnaavi| iteH svarAt tazca dviH 1/142 pada se pare iti ke Adi svara kA lopa hotA hai aura svara se pare takAra ko dvitva hotA hai| (ba) pada se pare iti avyaya ke Adi i kA lopa hotA hai; yathA (tathA) taha + iti = tahatti,

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20 ( puruSaH) puriso + iti = purisotti / tyadAdyavyayAt tatsvarasya luk 1/40 tyad Adi zabdoM aura avyaya se pare tyad Adi zabda tathA avyaya ho to unake Adi svara kA bahulatA se luk hotA hai / (sa) sarvanAma sambandhI avyaya ke svara se pare sarvanAma aura avyaya kA svara ho to Age vAle pada ke Adi svara kA lopa ho jAtA hai I amhe + etya = amhettha, jai + ahaM = jaihaM / haiM, jaise (da) svara se pare iva avyaya ho to iva kA vva ho jAtA hai / anusvAra se pare iva ho to va hI hotA hai, dvittva nahIM hotA; yathA sAaro vva, prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI sAa + iva gehaM + iva = gehaMva | = vyaMjana jo varNa svaroM kI sahAyatA se bole jAte haiM, unheM vyaMjana kahate haiM / prAkRta meM nimna vyaMjana hote haiM ka kha ga gha ca cha ja jha Ta Tha Da Dha Na ta tha da dha na pa pha ba bha ma ya ra la va saha / uccAraNa ke anusAra vyaMjanoM ke do bheda haiM- 1. alpaprANa, 2. mahAprANa / mahAprANa - jina varNoM meM 'ha' kI dhvani kA prANa milatA hai, ve mahAprANa kahalAte k + ha = kha c + ha = cha ye 12 haiM-kha, gha, cha, jha, Tha, Dha, tha, dha, pha, bha, sa, ha / alpaprANa - jina varNoM meM 'ha' kI dhvani kA prANa nahIM milatA, ve saba alpaprANa

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 21 kahe jAte haiM / ve ye haiM-ka, ga, ca, ja, Ta, Da, ta, da, pa, ba, Na, na, ma, ya, ra, la, va / saMskRta meM prayukta hone vAle Ga aura Ja kA prayoga prAkRta meM svataMtra rUpa se nahIM hotA, kintu vargIya vyaMjana ke sAtha hotA hai, yathA- gaGgA, paJca / ('za' aura 'Sa' kA prayoga meM nahIM hotA hai, ataH prAkRta meM 33 vyaMjanoM ke sthAna para 29 vyaMjana hote haiN| va aura va kA abheda mAnane se vyaMjana 28 hote haiM / ) vyaMjana ke do prakAra haiM (1) asaMyukta vyaMjana, ( 2 ) saMyukta vyaMjana | vyaMjana-parivartana (1) asaMyukta vyaMjana ise sarala vyaMjana bhI kahate haiM / ka-ga-ca-cha Adi vyaMjana svarasahita hote haiM, taba inheM sarala vyaMjana kahate haiM / sarala vyaMjana parivartana Aderyo jaH 1 / 245 tIna prakAra ke hote haiM 1. Adi vyaMjana parivartana, 2. madhya vyaMjana parivartana, 3. aMtima vyaMjana parivartana / 1. Adi vyaMjana parivartana : 1/228 svara se pare asaMyukta anAdi na ko Na hotA hai / yathA naraH - Naro, nadI - NaI, nimagnaH - Nimaggo / pada kI Adi meM ya ko ja hotA hai / ya > ja; yazas - jaso, yati-jaI / kubja - karpara- kIlake - kaH khopuSpe 1 / 181 kubja; karpara aura kIlaka zabdoM ke ka ko kha hotA hai / ka > kha; kubjaH -khujjo, kIlakaH - khIlao / pATi - paruSa- parigha - pArikhA - panasa - pAri bhadre phaH 1 / 232 Jinnanta paTi dhAtu aura paruSAdi zabdoM ke pa ko pha hotA hai / pa > pha; paruSaH - pharuso, parighaH phaliho /

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22 2. madhya vyaMjana parivartana ka-ga-ca-ja-ta-da-pa-ya-vAM prAyo luk 1/177 ka-ga-ca-ja-ta-da-pa-ya-va kA prAyaH luk hotA hai, tathA avarNo ya-zrutiH 1 / 180 ka, ga, ca, ja Adi kA lopa hone para zeSa avarNa (a, A, A... ) yadi avarNa se pare ho to usako yakAra kI zruti hotI hai / jaise ka > kA luk - lokaH - lo, zakaTa::-sayaDho / > luk nagaram ---nayaraM, nagaH-nao / > luk ja > luk - rajataM -rayayaM, gajaH - gao / > luk latA -layA, vitAnaM -viANaM / da > luk gadA - gayA, yadi - jai / pa > luk - ripuH-riU, supuruSaH - suuriso / ya > luk - viyogaH - vioo, vAyunA - vAuNA / po vaH 2/231 pa > va - kha> ha - svara se pare asaMyukta aura anAdi pa ko prAyaH va hotA hai / zapathaH - savaho, zApaH - sAvo / - - - vacanam - vayaNaM, kAcamaNiH - kAyamaNi / kha-gha-tha-dha-bhAm 1 / 187 svara se pare asaMyukta anAdibhUta kha, gha, tha, dha aura bha ko prAyaH ha hotA hai / kha, gha, tha, dha, bha kA ha hotA hai / sAkhA - sAhA, mukhaM - muhaM / chaha - meghaH-peho, mAghaH - mAho / tha ha dha > ha - prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI nAthaH - nAho, mithunam - mihuNaM / * sAdhu - sAhU, badhiraH - bahiro / bha > ha sabhA - sahA, nabhaH - naho / nimnalikhita asaMyukta vyaMjanoM kA nimna rUpa se parivartana hotA hai

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI To DaH 1/195 svara se pare anAdi aura asaMyukta Ta ko Da hotA hai| Ta > Da - naTaH-naDo, bhttH-bhddo| Tho DhaH 1/199 svara se pare asaMyukta aura anAdi Tha ko Dha hotA hai| ___Tha > Dha - maThaH-maDho, stthH-sddho| Do laH 1/202 svara se pare asaMyukta tathA anAdi Da ko prAyaH la hotA hai| ___Da > la - taDAgam-talAyaM, gruddH-grulo| bo vaH 1/237 svara se pare, asaMyukta tathA anAdi ba ko va hotA hai| ba > va - alAbU-alAvU, shblH-svlo| 3. antima vyaMjana parivartana prAkRta meM vyaMjanAnta zabda nahIM hote haiN| prAkRta meM jo zabda vyaMjana anta vAle hote haiM, unakA yA to lopa hotA hai yA unheM svara meM tathA svarasahita vyaMjana meM parivartita kara diyA jAtA hai| kahIM-kahIM antima vyaMjana ko anusvAra meM badala diyA jAtA hai, yathA 1. antima vyaMjana kA lopa; jaise-yAvat-jAva, tAvat-tAva, yshs-jso| . 2. antima vyaMjana ko m Adeza hotA hai; jaise-sAkSAt-sakkhaM, yat-jaM, tt-tN| 3. kucha sthaloM meM antima vyaMjana ko a Adeza hotA hai; jaise-zarad-sarao, bhissk-bhiso| 4. kucha sthaloM meM antima vyaMjana ko sa Adeza hotA hai, jaise-dik-disaa| 5. strIliMga meM antima vyaMjana ho to use A Adeza hotA hai, jaise sarita-sariA, sNpd-sNpaa|| (2) saMyukta vyaMjana sarala vyaMjana dvitva hone para use saMyukta vyaMjana kahA jAtA hai| jina do yA do se adhika vyaMjanoM ke bIca meM svara na ho to use saMyukta vyaMjana kahate haiN| prAkRta meM zabda ke prArambha meM saMyukta vyaMjana nahIM hote haiN| prAkRta meM bhinna vargIya saMyukta vyaMjana nahIM milatA hai| samAna vargIya vyaMjanoM ke mela se bane hue saMyukta vyaMjana

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24 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI hI milate haiN| bhinna vargIya saMyukta vyaMjanoM ko samAna vargIya vyaMjana ke rUpa meM badala diyA jAtA hai| usake eka vyaMjana kA lopa kara dUsare ko dvitva kara diyA jAtA hai| ka-ga-Ta-Da-ta-da-pa-za-Sa-sa ka)(pAmUrdhvaM luk 2/77 ka, ga, Ta, Da, ta, da, pa, za, Sa, sa, jihvAmUlIyaka, upadhmAnIya)(pa-ye saMyoga meM Urdhva sthita hoM to inakA lopa ho jAtA hai| sarvatra labarAmavandre 2/79 Urdhva, adhaH sthita la, ba, ra kA lopa ho jAtA hai, vandra zabda ko chodd'kr| adho ma-na-yAm 2/78 saMyoga ke anta meM sthita ma, na, ya kA lopa hotA hai| anAdau zeSAdezayorditvam 2/89 pada ke anAdi meM rahe hue zeSa aura Adeza ko dvitva hotA hai| dvitIyatUryayorupari pUrvaH 2/90 varga ke dvitIya tathA caturtha varNa ko dvitva kA prasaMga Ane para dvitIya varNa ko varga kA prathama varNa tathA caturtha varNa ko varga kA tRtIya varNa ho jAtA hai| yadi dvittva vyaMjana hakArayukta (mahAprANa) ho to usako dvittva kara usake prathama rUpa ke hakAra ko haTA diyA jAtA hai tathA varga kA pahalA aura tIsarA varNa kara diyA jAtA hai, jaise- dugdham-duddhaM, mUrchA-mucchA, muurkhH-mukkho| kSmA-zlAghA-ratnentyavyaJjanAt 2/101 kSmA, zlAghA aura ratna meM antyavyaMjana se pUrva a hotA hai| saMyukta vyaMjanoM meM eka vyaMjana ya, ra, la anusvAra yA anunAsika ho to use svarabhakti ke dvArA a, i, I, aura u meM se kisI svara ke dvArA vibhakta kara sarala vyaMjana banA diyA jAtA hai, jaise-ratnam-rayaNaM, grdaa-grihaa| samAsa meM zeSa yA Adeza vyaMjana ko vikalpa se dvitva hotA hai, isalie samasta padoM meM saMyukta vyaMjana vikalpa se pAe jAte haiM, jaise-devtthuii-devthuii| kSaH khaH kvacittu chajhau 2/3 kSa ko kha hotA hai, kahIM-kahIM chakAra aura jhakAra bhI ho jAtA hai| jaise-kSa ko kha, yakSaH-jakkho /

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 25 saMdhi sandhAnaM sndhiH| samyak dhIyate iti sndhiH| varNAnAM samavAyaH sndhiH| arthAt . milane ko sandhi kahate haiN| jaba kisI zabda meM do varNa nikaTa Ane para milate haiM to unake mela se utpanna hone vAle vikAra ko saMdhi kahate haiN| padayoH saMdhirvA 1/5 saMskRta (vyAkaraNa) meM kahI huI sabhI sandhiyAM prAkRta meM do padoM meM vikalpa se hotI haiN| prAkRta meM saMdhi kI vyavasthA vikalpa se hotI hai, nitya nhiiN| saMdhi ke tIna bheda (1) svara saMdhi, (2) vyaMjana saMdhi, (3) avyaya sNdhi| (1) svara saMdhi do atyanta nikaTa svaroM ke milane se jo dhvani meM vikAra utpanna hotA hai, use svara-saMdhi kahate haiN| isake pAMca bheda haiM-1. dIrgha, 2. guNa, 3. vikRta vRddhi saMdhi, 4. isva-dIrgha aura 5. prakRtibhAva sNdhi| 1. dIrgha saMdhi ___ isva yA dIrgha a, i aura u se unakA savarNa svara pare rahe to donoM ke sthAna meM vikalpa se savarNa dIrgha hotA hai; yathA daMDa + ahiso = daMDAhIso, daMDa ahiso ramA + ArAmo = ramArAmo, ramA ArAmo visama + Ayavo = visamAyavo, visama Ayavo ramA + ahINo = ramAhINo muNi + iNo = muNINo gAmaNI + Isaro = gAmaNIsaro muni + Isaro = muNIsaro gAmaNI + iNo = gAmaNINo bhANu + uvajjhAo = bhANUvajjhAo bhANu + Usavo = bhANUsavo

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26 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI bahU + uaraM = bahUaraM kaNeru + UsiaM = knneruusi| 2. guNa saMdhi a yA A varNa se pare hrasva yA dIrgha i aura u varNa ho to pUrva-para ke sthAna meM eka guNa Adeza hotA hai, yathA(ka) vAsa + isI = vAsesI (a + i = e) rAmA + iaro = rAmearo (A + i = e) vAsara + Isaro = vAsaresaro (a + I = e) vilayA + Iso = vilayeso (A + I = e) (kha) gUDha + uaraM = gUDhoaraM (a + u = o) ramA + uvaciaM = ramovaciaM (A + u = o) sAsa + UsAsA = sAsosAsA (a + U = o) vijjulA + UsuMbhiraM = vijjulo bhiaM (A + U = o) 3. vikRta saMdhi e aura o se pahale a aura A ho to unakA lopa ho jAtA hai, yathANava + elA = NavelA vaNa + oli = vaNoli 4. isvadIrgha vidhAna saMdhi samasta padoM meM hasva kA dIrgha aura dIrgha kA isva hotA hai, yathA vAri + maI = vArImaI, vArimaI veNu + vaNaM = velUvaNaM, veluvaNaM silA + khaliaM = silakhaliaM, silaakhliaN| 5. prakRtibhAva saMdhi saMdhi kArya ke na hone ko prakRtibhAva kahate haiN| prAkRta meM saMskRta kI apekSA saMdhi-niSedha adhika mAtrA meM pAyA jAtA hai| isa saMdhi ke pramukha niyama nimnAMkita haiMna yuvarNasyAsve 1/6 ivarNa aura uvarNa ke Age asavarNa varNa (vijAtIya) pare ho to saMdhi nahIM hotI hai|

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI (ka) i aura u kA vijAtIya svara ke sAtha saMdhi kArya nahIM hotA, yathA pahAvali + aruNo pahAvaliaruNo (kha) e aura o ke Age yadi koI svara varNa ho to unameM saMdhi kArya nahIM hotA hai, yathA = = vaNe + aDai vaNe aDai devIe ettha devIe + ettha = 27 svarasyot 1/8 jo vyaJjanasaMpRktasvara ( vyaMjana se milA huA svara) vyaMjana ke lupta hone para avaziSTa rahatA hai vaha udvRtta kahalAtA hai / uvRtta svara pare hone para svara kI saMdhi nahIM hotI hai| udvRtta svara kA kisI bhI svara ke sAtha saMdhi kArya nahIM hotA hai, yathA (ka, ga, ca, ja, ta, da, pa, ya aura va- ityAdi vyaMjanoM ke luk hone para zeSa rahe hue svara ko udvRtta svara kahate haiM / ) nisA + aro = nisA aro rayaNI + aro = rayaNI aro (gha) kahIM-kahIM hotA bhI hai, jaise kuMbha + Aro = kumbhAro su + uriso = sUriso (Ga) tip Adi pratyayoM ke svaroM ke sAtha bhI saMdhi kArya nahIM hotA hai; yathAhoi + iha = hoi iha (ca) kisI svara varNa ke rahane para usake pUrva ke svara kA lopa vikalpa se hotA hai, yathA tiasa + Iso = tiasIso tathA tiasaIso gaa + iMdo = gaiMdo tathA gaaiMdo / (2) vyaMjana saMdhi prAkRta meM vyaMjana saMdhi ke adhika niyama nahIM milate, kyoMki antima halanta vyaMjana kA lopa ho jAne se sandhikArya kA avasara hI nahIM AtA hai| isa saMdhi ke pramukha niyama nimnalikhita haiMato Do visargasya 1 / 37

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28 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI saMskRta sUtra se (lakSaNa se) utpanna akAra se pare visarga ko Do Adeza hotA hai| 1. a ke bAda Aye hue saMskRta visarga ke sthAna meM usa pUrva a ko 'o' ho jAtA hai| agrataH > aggao manaH + zilA = maNosilA, maNasilA, maNAsilA monusvAraH 1/23 2. pada ke anta meM rahane vAle makAra kA anusvAra hotA hai, yathA girim > giriM jalam > jlN| 3. makAra se pare svara rahane para vikalpa se anusvAra hotA hai, yathA usabham + ajiaM = usabhaMajiaM, usbhmjiaN| 4. bahulAdhikAra rahane se halanta antya vyaMjana ko bhI makAra hokara anusvAra hotA hai, yathA sAkSAt > sakkhaM, yat > yN/jN| GaJaNano vyaJjane 1/25 Ga, Ja, Na aura na ke sthAna meM vyaJjana pare hone para anusvAra ho jAtA hai| yathA paGktiH > paMtI vindhya > viMjho kaJcukaH > kNcuo| (3) avyaya saMdhiH prAkRta meM avyaya padoM meM yaha saMdhi pAI jAtI hai tathA yaha saMdhi do avyaya padoM meM hotI hai| isake pramukha niyama nimnalikhita haiM __ 1. pada se pare Aye hue api avyaya ke a kA lopa hotA hai| lopa hone ke bAda . api kA 'pa' yadi svara se pare ho to 'va' ho jAtA hai, yathA keNa + api = keNavi, keNAvi kiM + api = kiMpi, kimvi|

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 29 2. pada ke uttara meM rahane vAle iti avyaya ke Adi ikAra kA lopa hotA hai aura svara se pare rahane vAle takAra ko dvitva hotA hai, yathA kiM + iti = kiMti jaM + iti = jaMti / taha + iti = tahatti 3. tyad Adi sarvanAmoM se para meM rahane vAle avyayoM tathA avyayoM se para meM rahane vAle tyadAdi ke Adi svara kA luk bahulatA se hotA hai, yathA esa + imo esamo amhe + ettha = amhettha / = vibhakti evaM kAraka saMskRta, prAkRta Adi bhASAoM meM vibhakti pratyayoM kA prayoga Avazyaka hai / vibhakti se hI patA calatA hai ki zabda kI saMkhyA kyA hai, usakA kAraka kyA hai / prAkRta meM chaha kAraka evaM chaha vibhaktiyAM hotI haiM / caturthI evaM SaSThI vibhakti ko eka mAnane se sAta ke sthAna para chaha vibhaktiyoM ke pratyaya hI prayukta hote haiM, jabaki artha sAta vibhaktiyoM ke grahaNa kiye jAte haiN| saMjJA, sarvanAma aura vizeSaNa zabdoM meM lagane vAle pratyaya vibhakti kahalAte haiM / kriyA kA jo utpAdaka ho, kriyA se jisakA sambandha ho athavA kriyA kI utpatti meM jo sahAyaka ho, use kAraka kahA gayA hai / prAkRta meM prayoga ke anusAra kAraka aura vibhaktiyoM ke krama badalate rahate haiM / phira bhI sAmAnyatayA kAraka aura vibhakti ke sambandha isa prakAra haiM kAraka 1. kartA 2. karma 3. sAdhana (karaNa) 4. sampradAna 5. apAdAna 6. sambandha 7. adhikaraNa vibhakti prathamA dvitIyA tRtIyA caturthI paMcamI SaSThI saptamI cinha hai, ne ko ( ko rahita bhI) se, ke dvArA ke lie se (vilaga hone meM) kA, ke, kI meM, para

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30 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 1. karttA kAraka prathamA - hai, ne zabda ke artha, liMga, parimANa, vacana mAtra ko batalAne ke lie zabda saMjJA, sarvanAma Adi meM prathamA vibhakti hotI hai| prathamA vibhakti vAlA zabda vAkya meM prayukta kriyA kA karttA hotA hai| usake binA kriyA kA koI prayojana nahIM raha jaataa| ataH karttA kAraka zabda kriyA kI sArthakatA batAtA hai, jaise- mahAvIro gAmaM gacchai, poggalo aceyaNo atthi / yahA~ gaccha kriyA kA karttA mahAvIra hai, atthi kriyA kA mUla sambandha poggala se hai / mahAvIro prathamA vibhakti meM se sUcita karatA hai ki mahAvIra pulliMga saMjJA zabda hai aura ekavacana hai / 1 2. karma kAraka dvitIyA-ko jo karttA kA abhISTa kArya ho, kriyA se jisakA sIdhA sambandha ho usako vyakta karane vAle zabda meM karma saMjJA hotI hai| karma meM dvitIyA vibhakti kA prayoga hotA hai| sAmAnyatayA kisI bhI karttA-kriyA vAle vAkya ke anta meM 'kisako' prazna kriyA se jor3ane para karma kI pahicAna ho jAtI hai| jaise- 'rAma phala khAtA hai' yahAM kisako khAtA hai? prazna karane para uttara meM phala zabda sAmane AtA hai| ataH phala karmasaMjJaka hai| isakA dvitIyA kA rUpa 'phalaM' vAkya meM prayukta hogaa| isa taraha ke prAkRta vAkya haiM kumhAro ghaDa kara kumhAra ghar3A banAtA hai| so paNa kara vaha paTa ( kapar3A) nahIM banAtA hai / ANI tavaM tava jJAnI tapa karatA hai sAvo vayaM giues zrAvaka vrata ko grahaNa karatA hai / sAmAnyataH karma meM dvitIyA vibhakti ke prayoga hone ke sAtha prAkRta meM anya vibhaktiyoM ke prasaMgoM meM bhI dvitIyA vibhakti kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai 1 1. 'vinA ' ke sAtha - aNajjo aNajjabhAsaM viNA gAheuM Na sakkai / -anArya anArya bhASA ke binA grahaNa karane meM samartha nahIM hotaa| (tRtIyA ke sthAna para dvitIyA ) 2. 'gamana' ke artha meM so ummaggaM gacchantaM magge Thavei / - vaha unmArga meM jAte hue ko mArga meM sthApita karatA hai| (saptamI ke sthAna para dvitIyA) 3. 'zraddhA' ke yoga meM - mokkhaM asaddhahaMtassa pADho guNaM Na kare

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31 mokSa para zraddhA na karane vAle kA koI (zAstra) pATha lAbha nahIM karatA / (saptamI prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI ke sthAna para dvitIyA) 4. kabhI-kabhI prathamA ke sthAna para dvitIyA vibhakti prayukta hotI haicavIsaM pi jiNavarA - caubIsa hI jinavara 5. kabhI-kabhI saptamI ke sthAna para dvitIyA vibhakti prayukta hotI haivijjujjoyaM bharai rattiM- rAta meM vidyut-udyota ko smaraNa karatI hai / 6. dvikarmaka kriyAoM ke yoga meM mukhya karma meM dvitIyA vibhakti hotI hai tathA gauNa karma meM karaNa, apAdAna, adhikaraNa, sampradAna, saMbaMdha Adi vibhaktiyoM ke hone para bhI dvitIyA vibhakti hotI hai / yathA mANavaaM pahaM pucchai - lar3ake se rAstA pUchatA hai| 3. karaNa kAraka tRtIyA - ke dvArA, sAtha, se kriyA - phala kI niSpatti meM sabase adhika nikaTa samparka rakhane vAle sAdhana ko karaNa kahate haiN| kArya kI siddhi meM kaI sahAyaka sAdhana hote haiN| adhika sahAyaka sAdhana meM tRtIyA vibhakti kA prayoga hogaa| prAcIna sAhitya meM vibhinna arthoM meM tRtIyA vibhakti kA prayoga dekhane ko milatA hai, yathA 1. prakRti artha meM 2. aMga vikAra meM 3. hetu artha meM 4. saha artha meM - - - sahAveNa suMdarI loo so tteNa hINo atyi puNeNa daMsaNaM hava sA piuNA saha gacchai anya udAharaNa vAkya sIso sAhuNA saha paDhai sA mAAe saha gacchai puriso juvaIe saha vasai NayareNa sAmiddhI havai satyeNa paMDio hoi - - - - svabhAva se suMdara loka / vaha netra se hIna hai / se darzana hotA hai / puNya vaha pitA ke sAtha jAtA hai / ziSya sAdhu ke sAtha par3hatA hai / vaha mAtA ke sAtha jAtI hai 1 AdamI yuvatI ke sAtha rahatA hai / nagara se samRddhi hotI hai / grantha se paMDita hotA hai /

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32 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 4. sampradAna kAraka caturthI ke lie, ko jisake lie koI kArya kiyA jAe yA koI vastu dI jAe to usa vyakti yA vastu saMjJA/sarvanAma meM sampradAna kAraka hotA hai| sampradAna kAraka vAle zabdoM meM caturthI vibhakti ke pratyayoM kA prayoga hotA hai, jaise sAvago samaNassa AhAraM dei - zrAvaka zramaNa ke lie AhAra detA hai| nivo mAhaNassa dhaNaM dei - rAjA brAhmaNa ko dhana detA hai| gurU bAlaassa potthaaM dei - guru bAlaka ke lie pustaka detA hai| isa prakAra kI vastu dene meM zraddhA, kIrti, upakAra Adi kA bhAva dAtA ke mana meM hotA hai| sampradAna kAraka aneka arthoM meM prayukta hotA hai, yathA Namo arihaMtANaM - arihaMtoM ko nmskaar| puttassa duddhaM royai - putra ko dUdha acchA lagatA hai| jaNao puttassa kujjhai - pitA putra para krodhita hotA hai| sAhU NANassa jhAi sAdhU jJAna ke lie dhyAna karatA hai| nivo kavINaM dhaNaM dei - rAjA kaviyoM ko dhana detA hai| sAhUNa NANaM hiaM atyi - sAdhuoM ke lie jJAna hitakara hai| mAANaM Namo - mAtAoM ke lie namaskAra hai| 5. apAdAna kAraka paMcamI-se (vilaga) eka dUsare se alaga hone ko apAya kahate haiN| jaise-mohana ghor3e se giratA hai, per3a se pattA giratA hai aadi| isa alaga hone kI kriyA ko apAdAna kahate haiN| apAdAna kAraka meM paMcamI vibhakti ke pratyaya prayukta hote haiN| yathA mohaNo assatto paDai, rukkhatto pattaM paDai aadi| paMcamI vibhakti kA prayoga katipaya dhAtuoM, arthoM evaM prasaMgoM meM bhI kiyA jAtA hai| unameM se kucha pramukha haiM so corao bIhai - vaha cora se DaratA hai| joddhA coratto rakkhai - yoddhA cora se rakSA karatA hai|

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33 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI muNI uvajjhAyao paDhai - muni upAdhyAya se (upayoga pUrvaka) par3hatA hai| bIjatto aMkuro jAyai - bIja se aMkura utpanna hotA hai| dhaNatto vijjA seTThA - dhana se vidyA zreSTha hai| 6. sambandha kAraka SaSThI-kA, ke, kI jahA~ sambandha vyakta karanA ho vahAM SaSThI vibhakti kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| isake sAtha hI anya prasaMgoM meM, vibhinna zabdoM ke yoga meM bhI SaSThI hotI hai; yathA imo jiNassa uvadeso atthi - yaha jina kA upadeza hai| muNiNo NANaM vaDDhai - muni kA jJAna bar3hatA hai| te sAhussa sammANaM karaMti - ve sAdhu kA sammAna karate haiN| putto mAAa sumarai - putra mAtA ko smaraNa karatA hai| 7. adhikaraNa kAraka saptamI meM, para vArtAlApa ke vAkya prayoga meM kartA evaM karma ke mAdhyama se kriyA kA jo AdhAra hotA hai, use adhikaraNa kahate haiN| yaha AdhAra aneka prakAra kA ho sakatA hai| sabhI AdhAroM meM saptamI vibhakti ke pratyayoM kA prayoga zabda ke sAtha kiyA jAtA hai, isalie isako aEi karaNa kAraka kahate haiN| sAmAnyatayA nimna AdhAroM meM saptamI vibhakti kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai rukkhe pakkhiNo vasaMti - vRkSa para pakSI basate haiN| AsaNe uvari potyaaM atthi - Asana ke Upara pustaka hai| tilesu telaM atthi - tiloM meM tela hai| hiyae karuNA atthi hRdaya meM karuNA hai| dhamme ahilAsA atthi dharma meM abhilASA hai| mokkhe icchA atyi mokSa meM icchA hai| chattesu jayakumAro NiuNo - chAtroM meM jayakumAra nipuNa hai| mama samaNesu Ayaro atyi - merA zramaNoM meM Adara hai|

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34 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI prAkRta meM saptamI vibhakti kA prayoga anya vibhaktiyoM ke lie bhI kabhI-kabhI kiyA jAtA hai| katipaya udAharaNa yahAM draSTavya hai suttaM suttammi jANamANo - sUtroM ko jAnane vAlA suyANi suesu vedeUNa - zrutoM ko jAnakara jIve (jIveNa) kammaM baddhaM ___ - jIva ke dvArA karma bAMdhA gayA hai| sutteNa saha sUI Na Nassai sUtra (dhAge) ke sAtha suI naSTa nahIM hotii| je daMsaNesu bhaTThA - jo samyagdarzana se vaMcita haiN| je NANe bhaTThA - jo jJAna se rahita haiN| prAkRta meM vibhakti kA svarUpa nimnalikhita hai prathamA ya dvitIyA tRtIyA caturthI paMcamI akArAnta pulliMga vibhakti ke pratyaya ekavacana bahuvacana saMskRta pratyaya prAkRta pratyaya saMskRta pratyaya prAkRta pratyaya su (si) o jas vibhakti kA lopa, A am anusvAra () zas vibhakti kA lopa, e e+Na, NaM (NA) bhis e + hi, hiM, hiM hu to, o, bhyas to, o, u, hi, hi, hito hito, suMto Am A + Na, NaM e, mmi sup __e + su, suM e + su lopa yA prathamA kI taraha jas prathamA kI taraha bhyas SaSThI saptamI sambodhana

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35 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI zabda rUpa prAkRta meM do taraha ke zabda hote haiM-eka hai svarAnta aura dUsarA hai vynyjnaant| svarAnta zabda a, A, i, I, u, U haiM kyoMki ekArAnta tathA okArAnta zabda prAkRta meM nahIM hote haiN| isalie kevala akArAnta, AkArAnta, ikArAnta, IkArAnta, ukArAnta tathA UkArAnta zabda hI prAkRta meM milate haiN| prAkRta meM R, R aura lU nahIM haiM isalie RkArAnta zabda prAkRta meM ara, Ara aura kabhI-kabhI ukAra bhI ho jAte haiN| prAkRta meM vyaMjanAnta zabda nahIM hote, isalie vyaMjanAnta zabda bhI svarAnta ho jAte haiN| noTa- zabda-rUpa pariziSTa meM ullikhita haiN| vizeSaNa evaM kriyA-vizeSaNa jo zabda arthavAna ho, use nAma kahate haiM, jaise-rAmo, mhaaviiro| jisa nAma ke pIche vizeSaNa jur3a jAtA hai, vaha nAma vizeSya bana jAtA hai| vizeSaNa dvArA jinakI vizeSatA jAnI jAtI hai, use vizeSya kahate haiM, jaise-uttamo sAhU jhaai| isameM 'sAhU' vizeSya hai aura 'uttamo' vishessnn| ina vizeSaNa zabdoM ke sabhI vibhaktiyoM ke rUpa, liMga, vizeSya ke anusAra hote haiM, jaise seTo seTThA dhUA uttame siise| nAma aura kriyA kI avasthA meM bheda dikhalAne vAle zabdoM ko vizeSaNa kahate haiN| vizeSaNa ke do bheda haiM vizeSaNa putto nAma vizeSaNa kriyA vizeSaNa 1. guNavAcaka (jisa zabda se kriyA kI vizeSatA 2. tulanAtmaka jAnI jAtI hai, use kriyA-vizeSaNa 3. saMkhyAvAcaka kahate haiM, jaise-maMdaM gacchai, kUraM paasi|) prakAra evaM kramavAcaka vizeSaNa 1. guNavAcaka vizeSaNa-jahAM guNavAcaka zabda vizeSaNa banate haiM, use guNavAcaka

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36 vizeSaNa kahate haiM, jaise prathamA ekavacana prathamA bahuvacana uttamo sAhU jhAi / uttamaM kaviM so namai / 2. tulanAtmaka vizeSaNa uttamA sAhuNo jhAyanti / uttamA kaviNo te namanti / tumaM mamatta kaNIaso atthi / mohaNa tasa kaNiTTho putto ayi / 3. saMkhyAvAcaka - jahAM saMkhyAvAcaka zabda vizeSaNa banatA ho, use saMkhyAvAcaka vizeSaNa kahate haiM, jaise- ego chatto paDhai / egA bAliA gacchai / dhAturUpa kriyAvAcI zabdoM ko dhAtu kahate haiM / dhAtu sAdhAraNatayA eka svara kI hotI hai, jaise - kar, maNa Adi / zabda rUpoM kI taraha dhAtu ke rUpoM meM bhI dvivacana nahIM hotA / prAkRta meM gaNabheda ( dhAtuoM ke vargIkaraNa) kI vyavasthA nahIM kI jAtI hai / akArAnta dhAtuoM ko chor3akara zeSa dhAtuoM meM AtmanepadI aura parasmaipadI kA bheda nahIM mAnA jAtA hai / kintu adanta yA akArAnta dhAtueM ubhayapadI hotI haiM / AkArAnta dhAtu meM parasmaipadI rUpavAlI hI hotI haiM / prAkRta meM vyaMjanAnta dhAtueM nahIM hotIM / vyaMjanAnta dhAtuoM se a vikiraNa jor3A jAtA hai, jaise- has + a = hasa, kar + a = kara / vartamAnakAla akArAnta ko chor3akara zeSa dhAtuoM meM a vikaraNa vikalpa se jur3atA hai, jaise, ho-hoi, ThAi - ThAai / prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI prAkRta meM dhAtu dvi-svara yukta bhI ho sakatI hai, jaise- pekkha / prAkRta meM tIna puruSa aura do vacana arthAt ekavacana aura bahuvacana kA prayoga hotA hai / ( dvivacana kA prayoga nahIM hotA / ) kAla ke dhAtu pratyaya ekavacana i, e prathama puruSa madhyama puruSa ekavacana bahuvacana nti, nte, ire si, se bahuvacana ityA ha uttama puruSa ekavacana mi bahuvacana mo,mu,ma

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37 ssAma jja jjA prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI bhUtakAla Ia, sI, hI, hI bhaviSyakAla hii hinti, hinte hisi hitthA ssaM ssAmo ssAmi ssAmu hie. hiire hise hi anujJA. u ntu su, hi, ha mu mo ijjasu ijjahi vidhiliMga ja jjA jja jjA ja jjA kriyAtipatti jja jjA noTa- kucha dhAtuoM ke rUpa pariziSTa meM ullikhita haiMsarvanAma saMjJA ke sthAna para jo AtA hai, use sarvanAma kahate haiM, yathA-dIvAyaNo tattha vsi| so ya aidukkaraM baaltvmnnucri| arthAt vahAM dvIpAyana rahatA hai aura vaha atyanta kaThora bAlatapa karatA hai| ukta vAkya meM 'so' 'dIvAyaNo' ke sthAna para AyA hai| vAkyoM meM sarvanAma kA prayoga karane se vAkya sundara bana jAte haiN| jisa saMjJA ke sthAna para yA usake sAtha jo sarvanAma AtA hai, usameM usI ke liMga vacana hote haiM, yathA rAma kA naukara kSatriyaputra thaa| vaha durbala hone para bhI nirbhaya thA = rAmassa bhicco khattiyaputto atthi| so dubbalo vi nimao atyi| yahAM 'khattiyaputta' pulliMga aura ekavacana hai, ataH isake sthAna para prayukta hone vAlA sarvanAma 'so' bhI pulliMga aura ekavacana hai| anuvAda karane meM kartA ke anusAra kriyA kA vacana aura puruSa hotA hai| kartA jaba uttama puruSa First person meM rahatA hai to kriyA bhI uttama puruSa kI hotI hai| kartA jaba madhyama puruSa Second person meM rahatA hai to kriyA madhyama puruSa kI aura kartA jaba prathama puruSa Third person meM rahatA hai to kriyA prathama puruSa kI hotI hai|

Page #47
38 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 'tuma' aura 'maiM' bodhaka zabdoM ke atirikta zeSa sabhI zabda prathama puruSa Third person hote haiN| zabdarUpAvalI ke niyamoM ke AdhAra para saMskRta ke samAna prAkRta meM sarvanAmoM ko sarvAdi-sarva, vizva, ubhaya, eka, ekatara; anyAdi-anya, itara, katara, katama; yadAdi-yad, tad, etad, kim; pUrvAdi-pUrva, para, avara, dakSiNa, uttara, apara, adhara, sva evaM idamAdi-idam, adas, yuSmad, asmad, bhavat vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| pAsa kI vastu yA vyakti ke lie ima (idam); adhika pAsa kI vastu yA vyakti ke lie ea (etad); sAmane ke dUravartI padArtha yA vyakti ke sambandha meM amu (adas) aura parokSa-jo vaktA ke sAmane nahIM ho, padArtha yA vyakti ke lie sa (tad) zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| noTa-sarva zabda ke rUpa pariziSTa meM ullikhita haiN| avyaya avyaya pada hamezA sabhI vibhaktiyoM, sabhI vacanoM aura sabhI liMgoM meM aparivartita hote haiN| kucha avyaya to saMskRta-avyayoM ke svara-vyaJjana parivartana ke dvArA bane haiM tathA kucha svatantra avyaya haiM jo saMskRta meM nahIM milate haiN| akArAdi krama se pramukha avyaya sUcIa (ca) aura aNNahA (anyathA) viparIta ai (ati) atizaya aNNayA (anyadA) dUsare samaya ai (ayi) saMbhAvanA aNaMtaraM (anantaram) pazcAt, vinA airaM (aciram) zIghra appaNo, sayaM (AtmanaH, svayam) khuda aireNa (acireNa) abhikkhaNaM (abhIkSNam) bArambAra aIva (atIva) atyadhika ahio (abhitaH) cAroM ora ao (ataH) isalie ammo-Azcarya akaTTha (akRtvA) nahIM karake are-ratikalaha aggao (agrataH) Age alaM (alam) basa, paryApta agge (agre) pahale alAhi-nivAraNa

Page #48
39 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI accatthaM (atyartham) adhika artha iva, miva, piva, viva, bva, va, via ajja (adya) Aja (iva) sAdRzya aNa, NAI (ana = naJ) niSedha iha (iha) yahA~ aNNamaNNaM, aNNoNNaM (anyonyam) Apasa meM iharA, iyarahA (itarathA) anyathA ___ IsiM, Isi (ISat) thor3A abbo-sUcanA, duHkha, saMbhASaNa, aparAdha, ua-dekho vismaya, Ananda, Adara, bhaya, kheda, Ua (ut) vikalpa, prazna viSAda, pazcAttApa uccaa (uccaiH) unnata avassaM (avazyam) avazya eaM (etat) yaha uvariM (upari) Upara ekaiA, ekkaiA, ekkayA, egaiyA, pi, vi, avi (api) prazna, sambhAvanA egadA (ekadA) eka samaya samuccaya asaI (asakRt) bAra-bAra egayao (ekaikataH) eka-eka aha (atha) pazcAt etAvatA, eyAvayA (etAvatA) itanA aha, ahe (adhas) nIce etthaM, etya, ittha (atra) yahA~ ahattA heTThA (adhastAt) nIce eva (eva) hI ahaiM (atha kim) aura kyA evaM (evam) isa taraha ahava, ahavA, (athavA) pakSAntara emeva, evameva (evameva) isI taraha ahuNA (adhunA) isa samaya jeva, jeva, jjevva, jevva (eva) nizcaya jhatti (jhaTiti) zIghra Am (om) svIkRti sUcaka Na (na) niSedha io (itaH) yahAM se Navi-vaiparItya iyANiM (idAnIm) isa samaya NaM (na) vAkyAlaMkAra o-sUcanA, pazcAttApa Namo (namaH) namaskAra kao (kutaH) kahA~ se Navara, NavaraM-kevala katthai (kutracit) kahIM Navari-anantara

Page #49
prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI kallaM (kalyam) kala (Ane vAlA) NANA (nAnA) aneka kaha, kahaM (katham) kaise NUNaM, NUNa (nUnam) nizcaya kahi, kahiM (kutra) kahA~ No (no) niSedha kayA (kadA) kaba, kisa samaya tae, tAhe (tadA) taba kiNA, kiNNA, kiNo (kinnu) prazna tao, tatto, tato (tataH) isake bAda kira, kila, ira, hira (kila) nizcaya tattha, tahiM, tahi (tatra) vahAM kevacciraM, kevaccireNa (kiyacciram / taha, tahA (tathA) usa taraha kiyaccireNa) kitanI dera se parasuve (parazvaH) parasoM Ane vAlA kevalaM (kevalam) sirpha pario (paritaH) cAroM ora khalu, khu, hu (khalu) nizcaya, vitarka, paropparaM, parupparaM (parasparam) Apasa meM saMbhAvanA, vismaya pAyo, pAo (prAyaH) bahudhA cia, cca, cea, jeva, jjeva, jjeva, puNa, puNo (punaH) phira jevva (eva) nizcaya hI puNaruttaM-kie hue ko bAraMbAra karanA jai (yadi) jo puNaravi (punarapi) phira bhI jao (yataH) kyoMki purao (purataH) Age, sammukha jattha (yatra) jahA~ puratthA (purastAt) Age, sammukha jaha, jahA (yathA) jaise purA (purA) pahale jaheva (yathaiva) jisa prakAra se puhaM, pihaM (pRthak) alaga jaM (yat) jo, kyoMki pecca (pretya) paraloka meM jAva (yAvat) jaba taka bahiM (bahiH) bAhara je, i, ra-pAdapUraka bhujjo (bhUyaH) bAra-bAra tiriyaM (tiryak) tirachA maNayaM (manAk) thor3A tIaM (atItam) bItA huA maNe, maNNe (manye) vitarka u tu (tu) kintu musA (mRSA) jhUTha dara-AdhA, thor3A samaM (samam) sAtha divArattaM (divArAtram) dina rAta sammaM (samyak) bhalI prakAra

Page #50
41 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI duhao, duhA (dvidhA) do prakAra sayaM (svayam) svayaM dhuvaM (dhruvaM) nizcaya sayA (sadA) hamezA NiccaM, niccaM (nityam) hamezA savvao (sarvataH) sabhI ora paidiNaM (pratidinam) pratidina saha (saha) sAtha page-prAtaHkAla meM sahasA (sahasA) acAnaka pacchA (pazcAt) pIche siya, sia (syAt) kathaJcit paDirUvaM (pratirUpam) samAna suve (zvaH) kala (Ane vAlA) parajju (pareyuH) kala, dUsare dina sU-nindAsUcaka paraM (param) parantu hare (are) AkSepa, ratikalaha, saMbhASaNa paraMmuhaM (parAGmukham) vimukha halA-sakhI ke lie sambodhana muhu (muhuH) bAra-bAra haddhi (hA dhik!) nirveda, khinnatA mA (mA) niSedha handi-viSAda, pazcAttApa Adi ya (ca) aura hu, khu-nizcaya, vitarka, saMbhAvanA, re-saMbhASaNa vismaya lahu (laghu) zIghra veva-AmantraNa devve-bhaya, vAraNa, viSAda, AmantraNa ba, va, via (iva) samAna sai (sadA) sadA sai (sakRt) eka bAra sakkhaM (sAkSAt) pratyakSa sajjo (sadyaH) zIghra saddhiM (sArdham) sAtha saNiaM (zanaiH) dhIre avyayoM ke kucha prakAra (1) samuccaya bodhaka-eka vAkya ko dUsare vAkya se jor3ane vaale| jaise ka. saMyojaka-ya, aha, aho (atha), uda, u (tu), kiMca aadi| kha. viyojaka-vA, kiMvA, tu, kiMtu aadi| ga. zartasUcaka-jai, cea, Nocea (nocet), jaivi, tahavi, jadi aadi| gha. kAraNArthaka-hi, teNa aadi| Ga. praznArthaka-uda, kiM, kimuda, Nu aadi| ca. kAlArthaka-jAva, tAva, yadA, tadA, kadA aadi|

Page #51
42 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI (2) manovikAra sUcaka-mana ke bhAvoM ke bodhk| jaise ka. avvo-duHkha, vismaya, Adara, bhaya, pazcAttApa aadi| kha. hN-krodh| ga. handi-viSAda, pazcAttApa, vikalpa, nizcaya, satya, grahaNa aadi| gha. vebve-bhaya, vAraNa, viSAda / Ga. huM, khu-vitarka, saMbhAvanA, vismaya aadi| ca. U-AkSepa, garhA, vismaya aadi| cha. ammo, amho-aashcry| ja. re, are, hre-tiklh| jha. hddhii-nirved| uvasagga (upasarga) ___ jo avyaya kriyA ke pahale jur3akara usake artha meM vaiziSTya yA parivartana karate haiM, unheM upasarga kahate haiN| jaise-harai (harati le jAtA hai), avaharai (apaharati apaharaNa karatA hai), Aharai (Aharati lAtA hai), paharai (praharati prahAra karatA hai), viharai (viharati vihAra karatA hai) aadi| saMskRta ke 22 upasargoM meM se 'nis' kA antarbhAva 'nir' meM aura 'dus' kA antarbhAva 'dur' meM karake prAkRta meM mUlataH 20 upasarga haiM, jo svara-vyaMjana parivartana se kaI rUpoM meM milate haiN| jaise-pa (pra), parA (parA), o-ava (apa), saM (sam), aNu anu (anu), o ava (ava), ni nI o (nira), du dU (dura), ahi, abhi (abhi), vi (vi), ahi adhi (adhi), su sU (su), u (ut), ai ati (ati), Ni ni (ni), paDi pai pari (prati), pari pali (pari), pi vi avi (api), U o uva (upa), A (aang)| noTa-apa, ava aura upa ke sthAna para 'o' vikalpa se hotA hai| upa ke sthAna para 'U' bhI hotA hai| api ke a kA lopa bhI vikalpa se hotA hai| svara ke bAda meM Ane para 'pi' ko 'vi' ho jAtA hai| jaise-keNa vi, keNAvi; taM pi, tmvi| 'mAlya' zabda ke sAtha 'nir' upasarga ko 'o' tathA 'sthA' dhAtu ke sAtha 'prati' upasarga ko 'pari' Adeza vikalpa se hote haiN| jaise-nirmAlyam > omAlaM, nimmallaM / pratiSThA < pariTThA, pitttthaa| artha aura prayoga (1) pa (prakarSa)-pabhAsei (prbhaasste)|

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43 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI (2) parA (viparIta)-parAjiai (praajyte)| (3) o, ava (dUra)-osarai, avasarai (apsrti)| (4) saM (acchI taraha)-saMkhivai (sNkssipti)| (5) aNu, anu (pIche yA sAtha)-aNugamai (anugacchati), aNumaI (anumtiH)| (6) o, ava (nIce, dUra, abhAva)-oAso, avayAso (avakAzaH), oarai (avtrti)| (7) o, ni, nI (niSedha, bAhara, dUra)-niggao (nirgataH), nIsaho (nissahaH), omAlaM, nimmallaM (nirmaalym)| (8) du, dU (kaThina, kharAba)-dunnayo (durnayaH), dUhavo (durbhgH)| (9) ahi, abhi (ora)-ahigamaNaM (abhigamanam), abhihaNai (abhihnti)| (10) vi (alaga honA, binA)-viNao (vinayaH), vikubbai (vikurvti)| (11) ahi, adhi (Upara)-ahirohai (adhirohti)| (12) su, sU (sundara, sahaja)-suaraM (sukaram), sUhavo (subhgH)| (13) u (Upara)-uggacchai (udgacchati), uggao (udgtH)| (14) ai, ati (bAhulya, ullaMghana)-aisao atisao (atizayaH), accaMtaM (atyntm)| (15) Ni, ni (andara, nIce)-Niyamai (niyamati), nivisai (nivishte)| (16) paDi, pai, pari (ora, ulaTA)-paDiAro (pratikAraH), pariTThA, paiTThA (prtisstthaa)| (17) pari, pali (cAroM ora)-parivuDo (parivRttaH), paliho (prighH)| (18) pi, vi, avi (bhI, nikaTa, prazna)-kimavi, kiM pi (kimapi), ko vi (ko'pi)| (19) U, o, uva (nikaTa)-uvAsaNA (upAsanA), UAso; oAso, uvaAso (upavAsaH), UjjhAo, ojjhAo, uvajjhAo (upaadhyaayH)| (20) A (taka)-AsamuhaM (aasmudrm)|

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uttama puruSa : madhyama puruSa : (ka) kriyArUpa ( vartamAna kAla ) ahaM paDhAmi ahaM khelAmi ahaM calAmi vAkya racanA amhe paDhAmo amhe khelAmo amhe calAmo miM khelasi tuma cali tumhe paDhA tumhe kheliyA tumhe cA ekavacana = = = bahuvacana = = = ekavacana || = || = bahuvacana || = = = paDha (kriyA) + pratyaya maiM paDhatA hU~ / maiM khelatA hU~ / maiM calatA hU~ / hama par3hate haiM hama khelate haiM / hama calate haiM / 1 tuma par3hate ho / tuma khelate ho / tuma calate ho / tuma saba par3hate ho 1 tuma saba khelate ho / tuma saba calate ho /

Page #54
45 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI anya puruSa : ekavacana sA paDhai vaha paDhatI hai| mittaM paDhai mitra paDhatA hai| bAlo paDhai bAlaka paDhatA hai| bahuvacana tAo paDhanti ve paDhatI haiN| mittANi paDhanti = mitra paDhate haiN| bAlA paDhanti = bAlaka paDhate haiN| (kha) kriyArUpa (bhUta kAla) paDha (kriyA) + Ia = paDhIa uttama puruSa : ekavacana ahaM paDhI ahaM khelI ahaM calI maiMne pddh'aa| maiMne khelaa| maiM claa| bahuvacana amhe paDhI amhe khelI amhe calI hamane pddh'aa| hamane khelaa| hama cle| madhyama puruSa ekavacana tumaM paDhI tumaM khelI tumaM calIa tumane pddh'aa| tumane khelA tuma khele| tuma cle| tumhe paDhIa tumhe khelI. tumhe calI tuma sabane pddh'aa| tuma sabane khelaa| tuma saba cle|

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46 anya puruSa : uttama puruSa : madhyama puruSa : sA paDhIa mittaM paDhIa bAlo paDhIa tAo paDhIa mittANi paDhIa bAlA paDhI ahaM paDhi ahaM khelihimi ahaM calihimi amhe paDhihAmo amhe khelihAmo amhe calihAmo pahi khela tumaM calihi ekavacana tumhe paDhihityA tumhe khelahiyA tumhe lihityA = = (ga) kriyArUpa ( bhaviSya kAla ) = bahuvacana // ekavacana = = = bahuvacana = = - ekavacana = || = bahuvacana || = = prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI usa (strI) ne pddh'aa| mitra ne par3hA / bAlaka ne pddh'aa| una (striyoM) ne par3hA | mitra ne pddh'aa| bAlaka ne pddh'aa| paDha + i + hi + pratyaya maiM paDhUMgA / maiM khelUMgA / maiM calUMgA / hama pddh'eNge| hama kheleNge| hama cleNge| tuma par3hoge | tuma kheloge / tuma caloge / tuma saba par3hoge | tuma saba kheloge| tuma saba caloge /

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI anya puruSa: ekavacana sA paDhihii usa (strI) pddh'egii| mittaM paDhihii mitra pddh'egaa| bAlo paDhihii bAlaka pddh'egaa| bahuvacana tAo paDhihinti ve (striyAM) pddh'eNgii| mittANi paDhihinti = mitra pddh'eNge| bAlA paDhihinti = bAlaka pddh'eNge| (gha) kriyArUpa (AjJA/icchA) paDha + pratyaya uttama puruSa : ekavacana maiM pddhuuN| ahaM paDhamu ahaM khelamu ahaM calamu maiM kheluuN| maiM cluuN| bahuvacana amhe paDhamo amhe khelamo amhe calamo hama saba pddh'eN| hama saba kheleN| hama saba cleN| madhyama puruSa: ekavacana tumaM paDhahi tumaM khelahi tumaM calahi tuma pddh'o| tuma khelo| tuma clo| bahuvacana tumhe paDhaha tumhe khelaha tumhe calaha tuma saba pddh'o| tuma saba khelo| tuma saba clo|

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48 anya puruSa : 5 vartamAna kAla : bhUtakAla : sA paDhau mittaM paDhau bAlo paDhau ahaM gAmi maMga so gAi bhaviSya kAla : ahaM gAhI tumaM gAhI so gAha AjJA / icchA : ahaM gAhimi tumaM gAhii so gAhi ekavacana = tAo paDhantu mittANi paDhantu bAlA paDhantu (Ga) AkArAnta, ekArAnta evaM okArAnta kriyAe~ = ekavacana ki ahaM gAmu = = = ekavacana = = = ekavacana ekavacana = = 11 = bahuvacana = = = maiM gAtA hUM tuma gAte ho = vaha gAtA hai maiMne gAyA / tumane gAyA / usane gAyA / maiM gAU~gA / tuma gAoge / vaha gAyegA / prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI kyA maiM gAU~? usa (strI) pddh'e| mitra par3he / bAlaka par3he / ve (striyAM) paDheM / mitra par3heM / bAlaka pddh'eN| gA, Ne, ho + pratyaya bahuvacana amhe gAmo tumhe gAithA te gAnti bahuvacana amhe gAhI tumhe te gAhI bahuvacana amhe gAhAmo tumhe gAhityA te gAhinti bahuvacana amhe tattha gAmo

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49 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI tumaM gAhi ___= tuma gaao| tumhe gAha so gAu = vaha gaaye| te gAntu mizrita prayoga ahaM Nemi ___= maiM letA huuN| amhe Nemo tumaM Nesi = tuma lete ho| tumhe NeitthA so Nei =vaha letA hai| te Nenti tatya kiM hoi = vahAM kyA hotA hai? tattha NaccANi honti so pAhii = vaha piyegaa| te pAhinti so ThAu =vaha tthhre| te ThAntu tuma khAsi = tuma khAte ho| tumhe khAitthA tumaM kiM Nehisi = tuma kyA lAoge? tumheM kiM NehityA kAraka/vibhakti vAkya-racanA prathamA vibhakti-kartA ne bAlao sikkhai bAlaka sIkhatA hai| bAlaA sikkhanti bAlaka sIkhate haiN| chatto paNhaM pucchai chAtra prazna pUchatA hai| chattA paNhaM pucchanti chAtra prazna pUchate haiN| sudhI-uvadisai vidvAn upadeza detA hai| sudhiNo uvadisanti vidvAn upadeza dete haiN| kavI pattaM lihai kavi patra likhatA hai| kaviNo lihanti kavi likhate haiN| bAlA vaDDhai bAlikA bar3hatI hai| bAlAo vaDDhanti bAlikAe~ bar3hatI haiN| mAA accai mAtA pUjA karatI hai| mAAo accanti mAtAe~ pUjA karatI haiN| juvaI paidiNaM accai yuvati pratidina pUjA karatI hai|

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50 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI juvaIo paidiNaM accanti - yuvatiyA~ pratidina pUjA karatI haiN| naI saNioM bahai - nadI dhIre bahatI hai| naIo saNiaM bahanti nadiyA~ dhIre bahatI haiN| imaM NayaraM atthi - yaha nagara hai| imANi NayarANi saMti - ye nagara haiN| taM phalaM atyi - vaha phala hai| tANi phalANi saMti - ve phala haiN| dvitIyA vibhakti-karma-ko te mamaM pAsanti - ve mujhako dekhate haiN| te amhe pAsanti - ve hama sabako dekhate haiN| tumaM taM pucchasi tuma usako pUchate ho| tumaM te pucchasi tuma una sabako pUchate ho| piU bAlaaM pAlai pitA bAlaka ko pAlatA hai| piU bAlaA pAlai pitA bAlakoM ko pAlatA hai| bhUvaI NaraM baMdhai rAjA manuSya ko bAMdhatA hai| bhUvaI NarA baMdhai - rAjA manuSyoM ko bAMdhatA hai| mAA bAlaM icchai mAtA bAlikA ko cAhatI hai| mAA bAlAo pesai mAtA bAlikAoM ko bhejatI hai| dhUA mAaM namai putrI mAtA ko namana karatI hai| dhUA mAAo namai lar3akI mAtAoM ko namana karatI hai| ahaM pupha pAsAmi maiM phUla ko dekhatA huuN| ahaM phalANi bhuMjAmi - maiM phaloM ko khAtA huuN| seTThI gharaM gacchai - seTha ghara ko jAtA hai| so gharANi pAsai - vaha gharoM ko dekhatA hai| __ tRtIyA vibhakti ke dvArA se ahaM bAlaeNa saha gacchAmi - maiM bAlaka ke sAtha jAtA huuN| ahaM bAlehi saha gacchAmi - maiM bAlakoM ke sAtha jAtA huuN|

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51 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI imaM kajjaM chatteNa NippaNaM hoi - yaha kArya chAtra ke dvArA niSpanna hotA hai| imANi kajANi chattehi NiNNANi hoti - ye kArya chAtroM ke dvArA niSpanna hote haiN| sA bAlAe saha gacchai - vaha bAlikA ke sAtha jAtI hai| sA bAlAhi saha gacchai - vaha bAlikAoM ke sAtha jAtI hai| mAlAe sohA hoi mAlA se zobhA hotI hai| sohA mAlAhi hoi zobhA mAlAoM se hotI hai| puppheNa accA hoi phUla ke dvArA pUjA hotI hai| pupphehi accA hoi - phUloM se pUjA hotI hai| vatthuNA pariggaho hoi - vastu se parigraha hotA hai| vatthUhi suhaM Na hoi vastuoM se sukha nahIM hotA hai| caturthI vibhakti ke lie idaM kamalaM majjha atyi - yaha kamala mere lie hai| imANi satyANi amhANa santi - ye zAstra hamAre lie haiN| taM puppha tujjha atthi - vaha phUla tere lie hai| tANi phalANi tumhANa santi - ve phala tuma sabake lie hai| taM satyaM chattassa atthi - vaha zAstra chAtra ke lie hai| tANi satyANi chattANa santi - ve zAstra chAtroM ke lie haiN| so bAlAa phalaM dAi - vaha bAlikA ko phala detA hai| ahaM bAlANa phalANi dAmi maiM bAlikAoM ke lie phala detA huuN| sisU mAlAa kandai - baccA mAlA ke lie rotA hai| sisU mAlANa kandai baccA mAlAoM ke lie rotA hai| so vatthuNo dhaNaM dAi - yaha vastu ke lie dhana detA hai| te vatthUNa dhaNaM dAMti - ve vastuoM ke lie dhana dete haiN| paMcamI vibhakti-se tumaM kAo bIhasi ___ - tuma kisase Darate ho? te kehiMto viramaMti - ve kinase dUra hote haiM?

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI so mamAo phalaM giNhai vaha mujhase phala grahaNa karatA hai| so amhAhito viramai vaha hamase dUra hotA hai| sIso sAhutto paDhai ziSya sAdhu se par3hatA hai| sIsA sAhUhiMto paDhanti ziSya sAdhuoM se par3hate haiN| sADitto vAriM paDai sAr3I se pAnI giratA hai| sADIhiMto jalaM paDai sAr3iyoM se pAnI giratA hai| naitto vAriM Nemi maiM nadI se pAnI le jAtA huuN| ahaM naIhiMto vAriM ANemi maiM nadiyoM se pAnI lAtA huuN| phalatto rasaM uppannai - phala se rasa utpanna hotA hai| phalAhiMto rasaM jAyai phaloM se rasa paidA hotA hai| khettatto dhanna uppannai ___- kheta se dhAnya utpanna hotA hai| khettehiMto dhannaM uppannai - khetoM se dhAnya utpanna hotA hai| SaSThI vibhakti-kA/ke kI taM majjha potthaaM atthi - vaha merI pustaka hai| . tANi potthaANi amhANa santi - ve pustakeM hamArI haiN| idaM tujjha kamalaM atthi yaha terA kamala hai| imANi khettANi tumhANa santi ye kheta tuma sabake haiN| suhiNo NANaM vaDDhai vidvAn kA jJAna bar3hatA hai| suhINa NANaM baDDhai vidvAnoM kA jJAna bar3hatA hai| sisuNo jaNao gacchai bacce kA pitA jAtA hai| imaM sisUNa uvavaNaM atthi - yaha baccoM kA upavana hai| imaM vatthaM bAlAa atthi yaha vastra bAlikA kA hai| imANi vatthANi bAlANa santi - ye vastra bAlikAoM ke haiN| imo putto mAAa atthi - yaha putra mAtA kA hai| imANa mAANa puttA kattha santi - ina mAtAoM ke putra kahA~ haiM? so vatthuNo vAbAraM karai - vaha vastu kA vyApAra karatA hai|

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI imo vatthUNa AvaNo atya imA pupphassa laA atyi imA pupphANa laA atthi amhamma jIvaNaM atyi amhe pANA santi tammi sattI atyi sukhamA vasa bAle saccaM ai kesu bAlaesu saccaM atyi sIse viNayaM atyi sIsesu NANaM atya mAAe samappaNaM atya suhAsu viyaM hava juvaIe lAyaNaM atya kAsu juvaIsu lAyaNNaM Natyi ahaM Nayare vasAmi - saptamI vibhakti - meM / para amhe tesu Nayaresu vasAmo phale rasaM atya imesu phalesu rasaM Natyi - - - - - - - yaha vastuoM kI dukAna hai / yaha phUla kI latA hai / yaha phUloM kI latA hai / -- hamameM jIvana hai| 1 hama sabameM prANa hai 1 usameM zakti hai / unameM kSamA rahatI hai / bAlaka meM satya hai / kina bAlakoM meM satya hai ? ziSya meM vinaya hai 1 ziSyoM meM jJAna hai / mAtA meM samarpaNa hai / 53 bahuoM meM vinaya hotA hai / yuvatI meM saundarya hai| kina yuvatiyoM meM saundarya nahIM hai ? maiM nagara meM rahatA hU~ / hama una nagaroM meM rahate haiM / phala meM rasa hai / ina phaloM meM rasa nahIM hai /

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anuvAda 1. apaThita prAkRta aMzoM kA hindI meM bhASAntara (a) ime loe bahU jIvA snti| rukkhesu, laAsu, jale, aggIe, pavaNe, thale vi pANA hvnti| ime egindiyA jIvA snti| makkuNe (khaTamale) doNNi iMdiyANi hvnti| pivIliAe tiNNi iMdiyANi hvnti| makkhiAe cauro iMdiyANi hvnti| sappe paMca iMdiyANi havanti / pakkhI, pasU, maNusso, paMcindiyo jIvo atthi| tesu phAso, rasaNA, ghANo, cakkhU savaNo ya imANi paMca iMdiyANi snti| ___ pakkhiNo amhANa sahaarA havanti / te maNussANa mittANi havanti / pabhAye pakkhiNo kalaalasareNa giiaNgaaanti| tANa saro mahuro hvi| pakkhIsu kAo kaNho hvi| haMso dhavalo hvi| koilA kAlI havai kintu sA mahurasareNa gaai| morA aisundarA hvnti| te mANusassa bhAsAe vi bollnti| kukkuDA pabhAye pvohynti| pivIliAo parissameNa jaNANa peraNaM denti| ___ mANusassa jIvaNe pasUNa vi mahattaM atthi| pasuNo jaNassa sahayogiNo snti| asso bhAraM vhi| jaNA asseNa saha jattAsu gcchnti| asso Narassa mittaM atyi| kukkuro mANusassa rakkhaM kri| so amhANa gihANi corAhinto rkkhi| bailo kisANassa mittaM atthi / so halaM saarDa ya krisi| bailA khettaM krisnti| dheNU amhANa duddhaM dei| sA taNANi khAiUNa bahumullaM balajuttaM AhAraM dei| ajA vi duddhaM dei| jaNANa gihesu majjArA mUsaA vi vsnti| maruthale kamelA (UTTA) sNcrnti| vaNe gaA bhmnti| tesu ahiaM balaM hvi| tattha sIho vi gjji| tassa gajjaNeNa miA dhaavnti| siAlA gcchnti| vANarA sAhAsu kuudnti| sabbe jIvA jIviuM icchanti, Na mriuN| ao tesu abhaeNa bhaviavvaM / te sahAveNa hiMsaA Na snti| aaeva ke vi jIvA Na piiddiavvaa|

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55 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI (ba) iaM loaM vicittaM atthi| attha ceaNANi aceaNANi ya davvANi snti| tANaM sarUvaM sayA privtttti| bAlao bAlaatto juvANo hvi| juvANo juvaNatto buDDho hvi| NarA Naratto pasujoNIe gcchnti| pasuNo pasutto Narajamme uppnnnnaanti| rukkho bIjatto uppnni| bIjo rukkhatto uppnni| phalatto rasaM uppnnnni| pupphatto subaMdho aavi| vAritto kamalaM nnissri| rukkhatto juNNANi pattANi pddnti| dahitto ghayaM jaaai| duddhatto dahi hvi| __egasamaye mukkho viusatto biihi| chatto gurutto pddhi| kavI Nivatto AyaraM gennhi| bahU sAsutto dhaNaM mggi| bAlA mAatto duddhaM mggi| kintu aNNasamaye parivaTTaNaM jaaai| viusA mukkhAhito biihnti| guruNo chattAhiMto sikkhnti| NivA kavIhinto pasaMsaM gennhnti| sAsUo bahUhinto vatthANi mggnti| mAAo bAlAhinto bhoaNaM gennhnti| sAhuNA asAhUhinto bhayaM karanti / kusalA jaNA sevnti| saDhA sosaNaM krnti| imaM loassa vicittaM sruuvN| jao NANijaNA viveeNa saMsArassa kajjANi krnti| (sa) jaNA saguNehi pujjaNIA hvnti| mANavajIvaNe guruNo, piarassa, jaNaNIe ThANaM mahattapuNNaM atthi / guruNA biNA ko NANaM lahihii? guruNo amhANa dosaM dUraM krnti| sa-uvadesajaleNa amhANa buddhiM pkkhaalynti| jaA sIsA gurUNa samIve paDhiuM gacchanti taA te evaM uvadisanti-'saccaM bollaha / dhamma kunnh| sajjhAe pamAyaM mA kunnh| saA desassa dhammassa sevaM kunnh|' aaeva guruNo amhANa maggadarisaA snti| je sIsA saguruNo sevaM karanti, tesu saddhaM karanti, tAhinto NANaM giNhanti, te saA loe suhaM lhnti| amhANa jIvaNe piarassa ThANaM vi mahattapuNNaM atthi| piaro amhANa pAlao atyi| so niyaeNa parissameNa dhaNeNa ya amhe pAlai rakkhai y| piaro kuDumbassa pahANo hvi| ao amhehi tassa ANaM saA paalnniiaN| piaro kevalaM pAlao Na hoi, kintu so bAlaANa mitto, vijjAdAA vi hvi| piaro saA kuDumbassa kallANaM cinti| ao guNavantA puttA piare saddhaM karanti, tassa ANaM maNNanti tahA sevaM krnti| amhANa pujjaNIesu jaNaNIe ThANaM sabboccaM atthi| mAA sisu kevalaM Na jammai, kintu sA tassa nimmANaM kri| mAA amhe jnnnni| amhe mAAa duddhaM pibaamo| mAAa duddhaM sisuNA jIvaNaM havai / jaNaNI sisu NehaM kunni| sA sa dukkhaM sahai, kintu kaAvi sisaM dukkhaM Na dei| ao loe pasiddhaM-'mAA kaAvi kumAA Na hvi|' je puttA jaNaNIe ANaM pAlanti, tAa sevaM kuNanti, te loe suputtA hvnti| imA pur3havI vi jaNassa mAA atyi| amhe bhAraamAAa puttA snti| aaeva jammabhUmIe rakkhaNaM amhANa kattavaM atyi|

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56 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI amhANa imaM kattavvaM atthi jao amhe gurUNa, piarassa, jaNaNIe evaM jammabhUmIe AyaraM sevaM ya kunnmo| ime amhANa pujjaNIA snti| 2. apaThita hindI aMzoM kA prAkRta meM bhASAntara (a) rAjA bhIma ne damayantI ke svayaMvara kI ghoSaNA kI tathA sabhI dezoM ke rAjakumAroM ko AmaMtrita kiyaa| damayantI kI sundaratA ko sunakara pradhAna devoM ne bhI usase vivAha karanA cAhA aura una logoM ne bhI svayaMvara meM bhAga liyaa| una logoM ne damayantI ke pAsa apanI abhilASA ko kahane ke lie eka dUta ko bhI bhejaa| ve samajha gaye ki damayantI kA hRdaya nala para anurakta ho gayA hai aura isalie ye cAra devatA ThIka nala ke rUpa meM svayaMvara meM prakaTa hue| damayantI pAMca naloM ko dekhakara kiMkartavyavimUr3ha ho gaI aura vAstavika nala ko nahIM cuna skii| usane devoM se prArthanA kI,-"maiMne nala ke guNoM ko sunA hai tathA maiMne unheM apane pati ke rUpa meM varaNa kiyA hai| satya ke lie,, devatA loga apane svarUpa ko grahaNa kara leM aura mere lie unheM pratyakSa kreN|" usakI dRr3ha dhAraNA dekhakara unhoMne apane svarUpa ko grahaNa kara liyaa| taba damayantI ne nala ke gale meM mAlA DAla dii| devatAoM ne prasanna hokara vara-vadhU ko aneka varadAna diye| (ba) eka kisAna ke pAsa eka murgI thI, jo pratidina sone kA eka aNDA diyA karatI thii| vaha lAlacI manuSya isase santuSTa nahIM thaa| eka dina usane socA, "yaha murgI mujhe pratidina eka hI aNDA detI hai| isake peTa meM sone ke aise bahuta se aNDe hoNge| yadi maiM sabako eka hI samaya pAU~ to maiM dhanI ho sakatA huuN| ataeva usane murgI ko mArakara usake peTa ko churI se kATa diyaa| lekina usake peTa meM eka aNDA bhI nahIM milaa| isa prakAra jo vaha sone kA aNDA pratidina pAtA thA, usase bhI vaMcita ho gyaa| sAtha hI vaha murgI bhI samApta ho gii| kisAna ne apanI mUrkhatA para kheda prakaTa kiyA aura pazcAtApa meM DUba gyaa| vastutaH asantoSa aura lAlaca saba duHkhoM kI jar3a hai| (sa) bhArata Rtu-pradhAna deza hai| vizva-bhara meM hamAra deza hI aisA deza hai, jahAM vasanta, grISma, varSA zarat, hemanta aura zizira RtueM prakRti ke prAMgaNa meM apanA-apanA abhinaya dikhAtI hai| ina saba meM zreSTha, mAdaka aura hRdayagrAhI abhinaya vasanta kA hai| isIlie ise RturAja kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| parivartana sRSTi kA zAzvata niyama hai| prakRti bhI isa niyama se baMdhI calatI hai| usakA rUpa kabhI kaThora hotA hai to kabhI koml| USA, saMdhyA, sasyazyAmalA bhUmi, puSpita latA-pAdapa Adi meM usake komala rUpa ke darzana hote haiN| vasanta Rtu hI eka aisI Rtu hai, jisameM prakRti navya-bhavya aura komala rUpa meM apanI mAdaka chaTA dikhAtI hai| vasanta

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI 57 AyA aura prakRti nava vadhU kI bhAMti khila uThatI, prakRti ko isa rUpa meM dekha prANi-jagat bhI harSavihvala ho uThatA hai| (da) Aja ke yuga meM vidyArthI aura samAja ke jIvana ko lekara jina jina viSayoM kI carcA kI jAtI hai, unameM sarvAdhika carcita viSaya hai anushaasn| anuzAsana kisI bhI vyakti, samAja evaM rASTra kI unnati kA mUlAdhAna hai| anuzAsanarahita jIvana meM unnati aura abhyudaya kI kalpanA ko koI sthAna nhiiN| cAhe koI rASTra dhana sampatti ko prApta kara bhautika unnati ke carama zikhara para pahuMca jAya, kintu yadi vahAM ke nivAsiyoM ke jIvana meM anuzAsana kA abhAva hai to unakI sArI unnati Dhola kI pola ke samAna khokhalI aura nissAra hai|

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pariziSTa 1. akArAnta pulliMga deva zabda pra. devo, deve - devA dvi. devaM - devA, deve tR. deveNa, deveNaM devehi, devehi, devehi~ ca. devAya, devAe, devassa - devANa, devANaM paM. devatto, devAo, devAu - devAhi, devehi, devAhinto, devAhi, devAhinto, devA devehinto, devAsuMto, devesuMto Sa. devassa devANa, devANaM sa. deve, devaMsi, devammi - devesuM, devesu saM. he deva, he devo, he devA - he devA 2. ikArAnta pulliMga muNi (muni) zabda pra. muNI muNiNo, muNI, muNau, muNao dvi. muNiM muNiNo, muNI tR. muNiNA muNIhiM, muNIhi~, muNIhi ca. muNiNo, muNissa, muNaye - muNINaM, muNINa paM. muNiNo, muNitto, muNIo - muNitto, muNIo, muNIu, muNIu, muNIhito muNIhito, muNIsuto Sa. muNiNo, muNissa - muNINaM, muNINa

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59 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI sa. muNimmi, murNisi saM. he muNi, he muNI - - muNIsuM, muNIsu he muNiNo, he muNI, he muNIu, he muNIo ukArAnta pulliMga bhANu (bhAnu) zabda pra. bhANU - bhANuNo, bhANU, bhANao, bhANau, bhANavo dvi. bhAj bhANuNo, bhANU tR. bhANuNA bhANUhi, bhANUhi~, bhANUhi ca. bhANave, bhANuNo, bhANussa- bhANUNaM, bhANUNa paM. bhANuNo, bhANutto, bhANuo - bhANutto, bhANUo, bhANUu, __ bhANuu, bhANUhito bhANUhito, bhANUsuto Sa. bhANuNo, bhANussa bhANUNaM, bhANUNa sa. bhANummi - bhANUsuM, bhANUsu saM. he bhANu, he bhANU - he bhANuNo, he bhANU, he bhANau, he bhANao he bhANavo RkArAnta pia, piara, piu (pitR) zabda pra. piA, piaro piarA, piuNo, piau, piavo, piao, piU dvi.piaraM - piarA, piare, piuNo, piU tR. piuNA, piareNaM, piareNa- piarehiM, piarehi~, piarehi, piUhi, piUhi~, piUhiM ca. piarassa, piuNo, piussa- piarANaM, piarANa, piUNaM, piUNa paM. piuNo, piutto, piaratto, piarAo, piarAu, piUu, piUhinto, piarAhi, piarehi, piarAhinto, piaratto, piarAo, piarehinto, piarAsunto, piaresunto piarAu, piharAhi piutto, piUo, piUu,

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60 piharAhinto, piarA Sa. piarassa, piuNo, piussasa. piarammi, piare, - piummi, piaraMsi saM. he pia, he piara, he - piarA, he piaro prAkRta bhASA prabodhina piUhinto, piUsunto piarANaM, piarANa, piUNaM, piUNa piaresuM, piaresu, piUsuM, piusu he piu, he piuNo, he piavo, he piao, piau nakArAnta rAya/rAyANa (rAjana) zabda pra. rAyA, rAyANo - rAyANo, rAiNo, rAyA, rAyANA dvi. rAyANaM, rAyaM, rAiNaM - rAyANo, rAiNo, rAyANe, rAe tR. rAyANeNaM, rAyANeNa, - rAyANehiM, rAyANehi~, rAyANehi, rAiNA, raNNA, rAeNaM rAIhiM, rAIhi~, rAIhi, rAehi~, rAeNa, rAyaNA rAehiM, rAehi ca. rAyANassa, rAyANo, - rAyANANaM, rAyANANa, rAiNaM, raNNo, rAiNo, rAyassa rAiNa, rAINaM, rAINa, rAyANaM, rAyANa paM. rAyANatto, rAyANAo, - rAyANAu, rAyANAhi, rAyANAhinto, rAyANA rAiNo, rAyANo, raNNo, rAyatto, rAyAo, rAyAu rAyAhi, rAyAhinto, rAito, rAIo, rAIu, rAIhinto, rAIsunto, rAyANatto, rAyANAo, rAyANAu, rAyANAhi, rAyANohi, rAyANAhinto, rAyANehinto, rAyANAsunto, rAyANesunto, rAyatto, rAyAo, rAyAu, rAyAhi, rAehi, rAyAhinto rAehinto, rAyAsunto, rAesunto rAyANANaM, rAyANANa, rAINaM, rAINa, rAiNaM, rAiNa, rAyANaM, rAyA - Sa. rAyANassa, rAiNo, raNNo, rAyANo, rAyassa

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI sa. rAyANammi, rAyANe, rAyamma, rAe, rAimmi saM. he rAyANa, rAyANA, he rAyANo, he rAa, he A pra. savvo dvi. savvaM . savveNaM, savveNa ca. savvassa paM. savvatto, savvAo, savvAu, savvAhinto, savvAhi savvA Sa. savvassa sa. savvassi, savvammi, savvatya, savvahiM saM. he savva, he savva he savvA pra. mAlA dvi. mAlaM rAyANa rAyANesuM, rAyANesu, rAIsuM, savva (sarva) zabda savve savve, savvA savvehiM, savvehiM, savvehi savvesiM, savvANaM, savvANa savvatto, savvAo, savvAu, savvAhi, savvehi, savvAhiMto, savvehiMto, savvAsunto, savvesunto savvesiM, savvANaM, savvANa savve, savve tR. mAlAe, mAlAa, mAlAi ca. mAlAe, mAlAa, mAlAi rAIsu, rAesuM, rAesu he rAyANA, ye rAINo, he rAyANo - AkArAnta strIliMga mAlA zabda savve mAlAo, mAlAu, mAlA mAlAo, mAlAu, mAlA mAlAhiM, mAlAhiM, mAlAhi mAlANaM, mAlANa 61

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62 paM. mAlAe, mAlAa, mAlAi mAlatto, mAlAo, mAlAu Sa. mAlAe, mAlAa, mAlAi sa. mAlAe, mAlAa, mAlAi saM. he mAle, he mAlA pra. maI, maIA dvi. maI tR. maIa, maIA, maIi, maIe ca. maIa, maIA, maII, maIe paM. maIa, maIA, maII, maIe, maitto, maIo, maIu, maIhinto Sa. maIA, maIa, maIi - maIe sa. maIa, maIA, maII maIe saM. he mai he maI - 1 ikArAnta strIliMga i ( mati) zabda - pra. vANI, vANIA dvi. vANi tR. vANIa, vANIA, vANIi, - mAlatto, mAlAo, mAlAu, mAlAhinto, mAlAsunto - mAlANaM, mAlANa mAlAsuM, mAlAsu he mAlAo, he malAu, prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI maINaM, maINa maIo, maIu, maI, maIA maIo, maIu, maI, maIA maIhiM, maIhiM, maIhi maI, maNa maitto, maIo, maIu, maIhinto, maIsunto maI, maI IkArAnta strIliMga vANI ( vANI ) zabda he mAlA maIo, he maIA vANI, vANIA, vANIu, vANIo vANI, vANIA, vANIu, vANIo vANIhiM, vANIhiM, vANIhi

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vANINaM, vANINa vANItto, vANIo, vANIu, vANIhinto, vANIsunto prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI vANIe ca. vANIa, vANIA, vANIi, - vANIe paM. vANIa, vANIA, vANIi, - vANIe, vANitto, vANIo, vANIu Sa. vANIa, vANIA, vANIi, - vANIe sa. vANIa, vANIA, vANIi, - vANIe saM. he vANi, he vANI - vANINaM, vANINa vANIsuM, vANIsu he vANI, he vANIA ukArAnta strIliMga gheNu (dhenu) zabda pra. gheNU - gheNUu, gheNUo, gheNU dvi. dhej - gheNUu, gheNUo, gheNU tR. gheNUa, gheNUA, gheNUi, - gheNUhi, gheNUhi~, gheNUhi dheNUe ca. gheNUa, gheNUA, gheNUi, - gheNUNaM, gheNUNa dheNUe gheNutto, gheNUo, gheNUu, dhe]hinto, gheNUsunto paM. gheNUa, gheNUA, gheNUi, - gheNUe, gheNUtto, gheNUo, gheNUu, gheNUhinto Sa. gheNUa, gheNUA, gheNUi, - gheNaM, gheNUNa gheNUe gheNUsuM, gheNUsu sa. gheNUa, gheNUA, gheNUi, - dheNUe

Page #73
64 . pra. vahU dvi. vahuM tR. vahUA, vahUa, vahUi, vahU ca. vahUA, vahUa, vahUi, vahUe paM. vahUA, vahUa, vahUi vahue, vahutto, vahUo, vahU, vahUhito Sa. vahUA, vahUa, vahUi vahUe sa. vahUA, vahUa, vahUi, vahUe saM. he bahu, he bahU pra. mAA, mAarA dvi. mAaM, mAa UkArAnta strIliMga vahU (vadhU) zabda bahUa, bahUo, vahU vahUa, bahUo, hU bahUhiM, vahUhiM, vahUhi he gheNU, he gheNUo, he dheNU tR. mAarAi, mAarAe, mAarAa, mAAe, prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI vahUNaM, vahU he vahU, he bahUo, he vahU RkArAnta strIliMga mAA/mAarA / mAu (mAtR) zabda mAarA, mAarAu, mAarAo, mAA, mAAu, mAAo, mAU, mAUu, mAUo mAarA, mAarAu, mAarAo, mAA, mAAu, mAAo, mAU, bahutto, bahuo, bahuu vahUhinto, vahUsunto vahUNaM, vahUNa vahUsuM, vahUsu mAUu, mAUo mAarAhiM, mAarAhiM, mAarAhi, mAAhiM, mAAhiM, mAAhi,

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI mAAi, mAAA, mAUA, mAUa, mAUe, mAUi ca. mAarAi, mAarAe, mAarAa, mAAe, mAAi, mAAe, mAUA, mAUa, mAUe, mAUi paM. mAarAi, mAarAe, mAarAa, mAAe, mAAi, mAAA, mAUA, mAUa, mAUe, mAUi, mAaratto, mAarAo, mAarAu, mAarAhinto, mAatto, mAAo, mAAu, mAAhinto, mAutto, mAUo, mAUu, mAUhinto Sa. mAarAi, mAarAe, mAarAa, mAAe, mAAi, mAAa, mAUA, mAUa, mAUe, mAUi sa. mAarAi, mAarAe, mAarAa, mAAe, mAUhiM, mAUhiM, mAUhi mAarANaM, mAarANa, mAANaM, mAANa, mAUNaM, mAUNa, mAINaM, mAINa mAaratto, mAarAo, mAarAu, mAarAhinto, mAarAsunto, mAatto, mAAo, mAAu, mAAhinto, mAAsunto, mAutto, mAUo, mAUu, mAUhinto, mAUsunto mAarANaM, mAarANa, mAANaM, mAANa, mAUNaM, mAUNa, mAINaM, mAINa mAarAsuM, mAarAsu, mAAsuM, mAAsu, mAUsuM, mAUsu 65

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66 mAAi, mAAA, mAUA, mAUa, mAUe, mAUi saM. he mAA pra. savvA dvi. savvaM tR. savvAa, savvAi, savvAe ca. savvAa, savvAi, savvAe paM. savvAa, savvAi, savvAe, savvatto, savvAo, savvAu, savvAhiMto Sa. savvAa, savvAi, savvAe sa. savvAa, savvAi, savvAe saM. he savve, savvA AkArAnta savvA (sarvA) zabda Sa. vaNassa sa. vaNe, vaNammi saM. he vaNa pra. vaNaM dvi. vaNaM tR. vaNeNa ca. vaNasya paM. vaNatto, vaNAo, vaNAu, vaNAhi, vaNAhiMto, vaNA - - - - he mAAo, mAAu, mAA - prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI napuMsaka liMGga akArAnta vaNa (vana) zabda savvAo, savvAu, savvA savvAo, savvAu, savvA savvAhi, savvAhiM, savvAhiM savvesiM, savvAhiM, savvAhiM savvatto, savvAo, savvAu, savvAhinto, savvAsunto savvesiM, saJcANa, savvAsu, savvA he savvAo, savvAu, savvANaM savvA vaNAi~, vaNAI, vaNANi vaNAi~, vANAiM, vaNANi vaNehi, vaNehiM, vaNehiM vaNANaM, vANa vaNatto, vaNAo, vaNAu, vaNAhi, vaNAhiMto, vaNAsuMto vaNANaM, vaNANa vaNe, vaNesuM he vaNAI, he vaNAi~, he vaNANi

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI pra. dahiM, dahi, dahiM dvi. dahiM tR. dahiNA ca. dahiNo, dahissa paM. dahiNo, dahitto, dahIo, dahIu, dahIhiMto Sa. dahiNo, dahissa sa. himma saM. he dahi pra. mahu~, mahuhu~ dvi. mahuM ikArAnta dahi (dadhi) zabda sa. mahummi saM. he mahu tR. mahuNA ca. mahuNo, mahussa paM. mahuNo, mahutto, mahUo, mahUu, mahUhiMto Sa. mahuNo, mahussa pra. ego, ege dvi. egaM ca.Sa. egassa - - dahIi~, dahI, dahINi dahIi~, dahI, dahINi dahIhiM, dahIhiM, dahIhi dahINa, dahINaM ukArAnta mahu (madhu zabda - dahitto, dahIo, dahIu, dahIhiMto, dahIsuMto dahINa, dahINaM dahIsu, dahIsuM he dahIi~, dahI, dahINi mahUI, mahUi~, mahUNi mahUI, mahUi~, mahUNi mahUhi, mahUhiM, mahUhiM mahUNa, mahUNaM mahatto, mahUo, mahUu, mahUhiMto, mahUsaMto mahUNa, mahUNaM mahUsu, mahU hU, mahUi~, mahUNi saMkhyAvAcI puMliMga ega (eka) zabda ege ege, egA egaNhaM, egaha, egesiM 67

Page #77
68 pra. egA dvi. egaM ca.Sa. egAa, egAi, egAe pra.dvi. egaM ( zeSa sarvavat ) strIliMga sa. dosu, dosuM, vesu, vesuM pra.dvi. tiNNi tR. tIhi, tIhiM tIhiM egAo, egAu, egA egAo, egAu, egA egAsiM, egesiM, egaNha, egaNhaM ( zeSaM savvAvat) napusaMkaliMga egAI, egAi~, egANi ( zeSaM savvaMvat) do, ve (dvi) zabda ( do se lekara dasa zabda taka ke rUpa bahuvacana meM calate haiM / ) pra.dvi. duve, doNNi, duNNi, veNNi, viNNi, do, ve tR. dohi, dohiM, dohiM, vehi, verhi, vehiM ca.Sa. donhaM, doNha, duNhaM, duNha, veNhaM, veNha, viNhaM, viNha, paM. dutto, doo, dou, dohiMto, dosunto, vitto, veo, vehinto, vesunto prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI ti (tri) zabda

Page #78
prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI ca.Sa. tiNhaM, tiha paM. titto, tIo, tIu, tIhinto, tIsunto sa. tIsuM, tIsu cau (catura) zabda pra.dvi. cattAro, cauro, cattAri tR. caUhi, caUhi~, caUhiM, cauhi, cauhi~, cauhiM ca.Sa. cauNhaM, cauNha paM. cautto, caUo, caUu, caUhiMto, caUsuto, cauo, cauu, cauhito, causuto sa. caUsu, caUsuM, causu, causuM paJca (paJcan) zabda pra.dvi. paMca tR. paMcahi, paMcahi~, pacahiM ca.Sa. paMcaNhaM, paMcaNha paM. paMcatto, paMcAo, paMcAu, paMcAhiMto, paMcAsuMto sa. paMcasu, paMcasuM cha (SaS) zabda pra.dvi. cha tR. chahi, chahi~, chahiM ca.Sa. chaNhaM, chaha paM. chatto, chAo, chAu, chAhito, chAsunto, chasu, chasuM

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70 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI satta (saptan) zabda pra.dvi. satta tR. sattahi, sattahi~, sattahiM ca.Sa. sattaNhaM, sattaNha paM. sattatto, sattAo, sattAu, sattAhiMto, sattAsuMto sa. sattasu, sattasuM aTTa (aSTan) zabda pra.dvi. aTTha tR. aTThahi, aTThahi~, aTThahiM ca.Sa. aTTaNNaM, aTThaNha paM. aTThatto, aTThAo, aTThAu, aTThAhito, aTThAsuMto sa. aTThasu, aTThasuM Nava (nava) zabda pra.dvi. nava tR. navahi, navahi~, navahiM ca.Sa. navaNhaM, navaNha paM. navatto, navAo, navAu, navAhito, navAsuMto sa. navasuM, navasu eka vacana dhAturUpAvali gam/ gaccha (gaccha) gatau vartamAnakAla bahu vacana gacchanti gacchaha gacchAmo pra. pu. gacchai ma. pu. gacchasi u. pu. gacchAmi

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prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI eka vacana pra. pu. gacchijja, gacchejja, gacchijjA, gacchejjA, gacche ma. pu. gacchijja, gacchejja, gacchijjA, gacchejjA, gacche, gacchejjAsi u. pu. gacchijja, gacchejja, gacchijjA, gacchejjA, gacche, gacchejjAmi vidhyarthaka bahu vacana gacchijja, gacchejja, gacchijjA, gacchejjA, gacche gacchijjA, gacchejja, gacchijjA, gacchejjA, gacche, gacchejjAha gacchijja, gacchejja, gacchijjA, gacchejjA, gacche, gacchejjAmo AjJAvAcI pra. pu. gacchau ma. pu. gacchAhi, gaccha u. pu. gacchAmi gacchantu gacchaha (gaccheha) gacchAmo pra. pu. gacchissai, gacchihii ma. pu. gacchissasi, gacchihisi u. pu. gacchissAmi, (gacchissaM, gaccha) gacchihAmi bhaviSyatkAla gacchissanti, gacchihinti gacchissaha, gacchihiha gacchissAmo, gacchihAmo bhUtakAla gacchisu pra. pu. gacchisu ma. pu. gacchisu u. pu. gacchisu gacchisu gacchisu

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72 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI preraNArthaka vartamAnakAla gacchAvinti, gacchAnti gacchAveha gacchAvemo pra. pu. gacchAvei ma. pu. gacchAvesi u. pu. gacchAmi pra. pu. gacchAvejjA, gacchAvejja, gacchAvijjA, gacchAvijja ma. pu. gacchAvejjA, gacchAveja, gacchAvijjA, gacchAvijja, gacchAvejjAsi u. pu. gacchAvejjA, gacchAvejja, gacchAvijjA, gacchAvijja, gacchAvejjAmi vidhyarthaka gacchAvejjA, gacchAvijjA, gacchAvejja, gacchAvijja gacchAvejjA, gacchAvejja, gacchAvijjA, gacchAvijja, gacchAvejjAha gacchAvejjA, gacchAveja, gacchAvijjA, gacchAvijja, gacchAvejjAmo AjJArthaka pra. pu. gacchAveu ma. pu. gacchAvehi u. pu. gacchAmi gacchAvintu, gacchAventu gacchAveha gacchAvemo bhaviSyatkAla pra. pu. gacchAvissai, gacchAvihii gacchAvissanti, gacchAvihinti ma. pu. gacchAvissasi, gacchAvihisi gacchAvissaha, gacchAvihiha u. pu. gacchAvissAmi, gacchAvihAmi gacchAvissAmo, gacchAvihAmo

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73 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI bhUtakAla gacchAviMsu pra. pu. u. pu. gacchAviMsu vartamAna pra. pu. gacchijjai gacchijjanti ma. pu. gacchijjasi gacchijjaha u. pu. gacchijjAmi gacchijjAmo vidhyarthaka pra. pu. gacchijjejjA, gacchijjejja, gacchijjejjA, gacchijjejja, gacchijjijjA, gacchijjijja, gacchijjijjA, gacchijijja, gacchijje gacchijje ma. pu. gacchijjejjA, gacchijjejja, gacchijjejjA, gacchijjejja, gacchijjijja, gacchijjijja, gacchijjijjA, gacchijijja, gacchijjejjAsi gacchijjejjAha u. pu. gacchijjejjAmi gacchijjejjAmo zeSa pUrvavat AjJArthaka pra. pu. gacchijjau ma. pu. gacchijjAhi, gacchijja u. pu. gacchijjAmi gacchijjantu gacchijjaha, gacchijjeha gacchijjAmo pra. pu. gacchijissai, gacchijjihii ma. pu. gacchijjissasi, bhaviSyatkAla gacchijjissaMti, gacchijjihinti gacchijjissaha,

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74 gacchijjihisi, u. pu. gacchijjissAmi, gacchijjihAmi prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI gacchijjihiha, gacchijjissAmo, gacchijjihAmo bhUtakAla pra. ma. u. pu. gacchijisu gacchijisu gatvA- gacchittA, gacchittu, gacchiu~, gacchiUNa, gacchiya, gantum- gacchittae, gacchittuM, gacchiuM, gacchat- gacchanta, gacchamANa, as/asa sattAyAm vartamAna ___ santi pra. pu. atthi ma. pu. si u. pu. aMsi, mi siyA bh vidhyarthaka siyA siyA siyA m siyA u. pu. siyA AjJArthaka bh wb m

Page #84
prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI pra. pu. Asi, AsI ma. pu. 0 u. pu. 0 pra. pu. karei ma.pu. kare u. pu. kama pra. pu. karijjA, karejjA ma. pu. karijjA, karejjA, karijjAsi, karejjAsi u. pu. karijjA, karejjA, karijjAmi, karejjAmi pra. pu. kareukarintu, karantu, karentu ma.pu. karehi u. pu. karemi pra. pu. karessai, karissai, bhUtakAla 0 0 Asimo, santa kara karaNe vartamAna karinti, karanti, karenti kareha karemo vidhyarthaka karijjA, karejA karijjAkarejA, karijjAha, karejjAha karijjA, karejjA, karijjAmo, karejjAmo AjJArthaka kareha karemo bhaviSyatkAla karessanti, karissanti, 75

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76 karehiti, karihiti ma. pu. karessasi, karissasi, karehisi, karihisi u. pu. karessAmi, karissAmi, karehAmi, karihAmi prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI karehinti, karihinti karessaha, karissaha, karehiha, karihiha karessAmo, karissAmo, karehAmo, karihAmo bhUtakAla akarissaM, akariMsu pra. ma. u. pu. akarissaM, akariMsu preraNArthaka vartamAna pra. pu. kArei, kArAvei, karAvei, kArenti, kArAventi kAravei karAventi, kAraventi ma. pu. kAresi, kArAvesi, karAvesi, kAreha, kArAveha, karAveha, kAravesi kAraveha u. pu. kAremi, kArAvemi, karAvemi, kAremo, kArAvemo, karAvemo, kAravemi kAravemo vidhyarthaka pra. pu. kArejjA, kArAvejjA, karAvejjA, kArejjA, kArAvejjA, karAvejjA, kAravejA, kArijjA, kAravejjA, kArijjA, kArAvijjA, karAvijjA, kArAvijjA, karAvijjA, kAravijjA, kArejjA, kAravijjA, kArejjA, kArAveja, karAvejja, kAravejja, kArAvejja, karAvejja, kAravejja, kArija, kArAvijja, karAvijja, kArijja, kArAvijja, karAvijja,

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77 prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI kAravijja, kAre, kArAve, karAve, kArave ma. pu. kAregjAsi, kArAvejjAsi, __karAvejjAsi, kAravejjAsi u. pu. kArejjAmi, kArAvejjAmi, karAvejjAmi, kAravejjAmi kAravijja, kAre, kArAve, karAve, kArave kArejjaha, kArAvejaha, karAvejaha, kAravejjaha kArejjAmo kArAvejjAmo karAvejjAmo, kAravejjAmo pra. pu. kAreu, kArAveu, karAveu, kAraveu ma. pu. kArehi, kArAvehi, karAvehi, kAravehi u. pu. kAremi, kArAvemi, karAvemi, kAravemi AjJArthaka kArentu, kArAventu, kAraventu, karAventu kAreha, kArAveha, karAveha, kAraveha kAremo, kArAvemo, karAvemo, kAravemo bhaviSyatkAla pra. pu. kAressai, kArAvissai, kAressanti, kArAvissanti, karAvissai, kAravissai, kAravissanti, karAvissanti, kArehiti, kArAvihiti, kArehinti, kArAvihinti, karAvihiti, kAravihiti kAravihinti, karAvihinti ma. pu. kAressasi, kArAvissasi, kAressaha, kArAvissaha, karAvissasi, kAravissasi, kAravissaha, karAvissaha, kArehisi, kArAvihisi, kArehiha, kAravihiha, karAvihisi, kAravihisi karAvihiha, kAravihiha u. pu. kArehAmi, kArAvihAmi, kAressAmo, kAravissAmo, karAvihiAmi, kAravihAmi, karAvissAmo, kAravissAmo,

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78 kAressAmi, kArAvissAmi, karAvissAmi, kAravissAmi prAkRta bhASA prabodhinI kArehAmo, kArAvihAmo, karAvihAmo, kAravihAmo bhUtakAla pra. pu. kAriMsu, kArAviMsu, karAviMsu, kAriMsu, kArAviMsu, karAviMsu, kAraviMsu kAraviMsu ma. pu. kAriMsu, kArAviMsu, karAviMsu kAriMsu, kArAviMsa, karAviMsu, kAraviMsu kAraviMsu u. pu. kAriMsu, kArAviMsu, karAviMsu, kAriMsu, kArAviMsu, karAviMsu, kAraviMsu kAraviMsu pra. pu. kijjau ma. pu. kijjahi, kijja u. pu. kijjAmi AjJArthaka kijjantu kijjaha kijjAmo bhUtakAla pra. pu. u. pu. kajjisu, kiJjisu, kIriMsu, kijjisu, kijisu, kijisu, kIriMsu kRtvA- kArittA, karettA, kariya, kareUNa, kariUNa, kareuM, kariuM, karettu, karittu kartum- karettae, karittae, karettuM, karittuM, kareuM, kariuM kurvat- karenta, karinta, karemANa, karamANa0

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lekhaka paricaya DaoN.samaNI saMgItaprajJA janma : 11 julAI 1974, TiTilAgar3ha (oDizA) zaikSika yogyatA ema.e., neTa, pI-eca.DI. (labdha svarNapadaka) samprati - saha-AcArya prAcyavidyA evaM bhASA vibhAga jaina vizvabhAratI saMsthAna, lADanUM (rAja.) puraskAra 'mahAmahima rASTrapati zrI praNava mukharjI dvArA- pAli-prAkRta bhASAmeM maharSivAdarAyaNavyAsasammAna-2014 oNla iNDiyA orieNTala kaoNnphreMsa meM prAkRta bhASA meM likhita zodhapatra puraskRta kAlidAsasamAroha meM vikramakAlidAsapuraskAra-2010 prakAzana AcArya mahAprajJakAsaMskRta-stotrakAvya :ekaanuzIlana prAkRta bhASA nirdezikA vibhinna zodha patrikAoM evaM pustakoM meM zodhAlekha evaM patrAcAra pAThyakrama meM pAThya-sAmagrI prakAzita zodhapatra prastuti vibhinna prAntoM meM Ayojita seminAra meM shodh-ptrvaacn| KARO ART H ATANAMRODE HAMA ANGRAMMAR GRA jaina vizva bhAratI saMsthAna (mAnya vishvvidyaaly)| 390050SGAADD0900CDGADITEDLOCADOL EVEADARSORDEVDEYOTIATICE D DGADAADIHDohdbCADEEDAR GMOBAjazAtala01581-926