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________________ oooooooooo00 000000000000 40001 ain Education Internatio bhArata kI sthApatya evaM zilpakalA ke kSetra meM mevAr3a ne yogadAna hI nahIM, kintu mUrtikalA ke zilpakalA ko naI dRSTi aura dizA bhI dI hai| vidvAna lekhaka ne vistAra se mevAr3a ke mUrtizilpa para prakAza DAlA hai / [ DA0 ratnacandra agravAla [nirdezaka - purAtatva saMgrahAlaya vibhAga rAjasthAna, jayapura] prAcIna bhAratIya mUrtikalA ko mevAr3a kI dena Q pichale 15-20 varSoM kI zodha, khoja evaM purAtAttvika khanana dvArA mevAr3a ke prAcIna itihAsa, kalA evaM saMskRti para paryApta prakAza par3A hai| udayapura-cittaur3a va mIlavAr3A kSetra meM prAcIna 'prastara yuga' ke nAnAvidha upakaraNa prApta hue haiM jinase yaha siddha ho cukA hai ki isa bhUmitala para Adi mAnava Aja se 1 lAkha varSa pUrva sakriya thA, vaha patthara ke hathiyAra banAkara jIvana vyatIta karatA thA, yadyapi usa samaya taka mUrti yA mRtbhANDa kalA kA AviSkAra nahIM huA thaa| isa prasaMga meM purAtattvavettA usa samaya ke Adi mAnava ke avazeSa DhUMr3hane meM lage haiM / isa samaya ke vividhAneka prastarAstra hameM cittaur3a kI gambhIrI nadI ke kinAre se prApta ho sakate haiM va anya kaI sthAnoM para bhI / abhI hAla meM bhIlavAr3A jile meM 'bAgora' kI khudAI dvArA bAda ke yuga kI sAmagrI prakAza meM AyI hai jisakA savizeSa adhyayana kiyA jA rahA hai / san 1955-56 meM mujhe udayapura nagara ke pAsa evaM prAcIna AghATapura ( vartamAna Ayar3a yA AhAr3a) kI khudAI karane kA suavasara milA thA, jisake lie maiM rAjasthAna- zAsana kA AbhArI hU~ / isa dhUlakoTa nAmaka TIle ko loga 'tA~bAvatI' nagarI ke nAma se pukArate haiM jisakI puSTi khudAI dvArA bhalIbhAMti sampanna huI hai / yahA~ sabase nIce kA dharAtala lagabhaga 4 hajAra varSa purAnA hai aura sindhu sabhyatA ke bAda kI sAmagrI prastuta karatA hai| mevAr3a meM sindhusabhyatA ke upakaraNoM kA prabhAva isa samaya par3A jisake pariNAmasvarUpa yahA~ Ayar3a kI mRdbhANDakalA meM 'Diza oNna sTainDa' (Dish on stand) saMjJaka pAtra vizeSoM kA anukaraNa sthAnika mRdbhANDakalA meM sampanna huaa| sAtha hI IrAnI kalA ke prabhAva kI dyotaka sAmagrI bhI milI jisameM sapheda dharAtala para kAle mAMDane vAle kucha miTTI ke bartana ke Tukar3e bhI haiM jo 'siAlka' (Sialk) kI kalA se sAmya rakhate haiM / Ayar3a ke isa dharAtala vizeSa kA kAla-nirNaya to 'kArbana 14' vizleSaNa ke AdhAra para lagabhaga IsA pUrva 1500 varSa siddha huA hai| isa samaya yahA~ 'lAla aura kAlI dharAtala' ke mRdmANDoM kA prayoga hotA thA jina para zveta raMga ke nAnAvidha mAMDane bane hue haiM - yaha yahA~ kI kalA vizeSa thI aura kaI sau varSa taka yahA~ panapI / kAlAntara meM isa sabhyatA vizeSa kA Ahar3a kI nadI - ber3aca - banAsa va cambala nadiyoM se sulabha sAdhanoM dvArA uttara kI ora prasAra huA / bhAratIya purAtattvavidoM ne aba ise sindhusabhyatA kI taraha eka pRthak sabhyatA mAna kara isako "Ayar3a sabhyatA" kA nAma bhI pradAna kara diyA hai / isake anya sthala 'gilUNDa' (relamagarA meM bhagavAnapurA ke samIpa) nAmaka kher3e kI khudAI bhAratIya purAtattva vibhAga ne karAI thii| yahAM ke eka mRdbhANDa para mAMDI gaI puruSAkRti bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai yadyapi isa prakAra kI sAmagrI Ayar3a se nahIM milI hai| Ayar3a kI miTTI ke maNake to 'anaue' va 'Troe' kI kalA se sAmya rakhate haiM aura usa samaya mevAr3a va videzoM ke pArasparika sambandhoM para paryApta prakAza FAK
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________________ prAcIna bhAratIya mUrtikalA ko mevAr3a kI dena | 206 DAlate haiM / Ar3a meM usa samaya tA~be kA prayoga hotA hai - aise tAmraparazu va cAkU mile haiM aura sAtha meM tAMbA galAne kI bhaTTI bhI / tA~bA to isa kSetra kI samIpavartI khAnoM se prApta kiyA jAtA hogA / Ayar3a kI khudAI se miTTI kI banI pazuoM kI AkRtiyAM to milI haiM parantu puruSAkRtiyAM yA prastara pratimAeM adyAvadhi ajJAta haiN| mevAr3a meM zuga kAla se pUrva (IsA pUrva prathama dvitIya zatI) kI koI mUrti abhI taka prApta nahIM huI hai| cittaur3a ke pAsa 'zivi' janapada kA prakhyAta kendra 'madhyamikA' (arthAt 'nagarI' ) isa sambandha meM vizeSa rUpa se mahattvapUrNa hai| khudAI dvArA yahA~ zugayugIna mRNmUrtiyAM milI haiM- inameM se eka phalaka para khar3I devI vasudhArA kI hai jisane apane eka hAtha meM 'matsya' (machalI) dhAraNa kara rakhA hai| isa prakAra kI mRNmUrtiyAM mathurA kSetra aura rAjasthAna meM rair3ha (ToMka ke pAsa ) nAmaka sthAnoM para paryApta saMkhyA meM prApta huI haiN| nagarI kI isa mRNmUrti meM bhI mathurA kalA kA prabhAva jhalakatA hai aura yaha siddha karatA hai ki mauryakAla ke bAda isa kSetra ke kalAkAra bhAratIya kalA kendroM se sambandha sthApita kara rahe the / nagarI meM usa samaya 'bhAgavata dharma' ko vizeSa mahatva prApta thaa| yahAM azvamedha yajJa karane vAle eka 'sarvatAta' nAmaka rAjA ne 'nArAyaNavATikA' hetu vizAla parakoTe kA nirmANa karA tatsambandhI lekha ko isa prastara -parakoTe kI zilAoM para kaI sthAnoM para utkIrNa bhI karAyA thaa| eka zilAlekha to Aja bhI isa parakoTe kA aMga banA huA hai| aura anya khaNDa udayapura ke 'pratApa saMgrahAlaya' meM surakSita haiN| isa 'zilA- prAkAra' ke bIca saMkarSaNa- vAsudeva kI pUjA hotI thI yadyapi usa samaya kI koI bhI kRSNa-balarAma pratimA abhI taka nagarI se prApta nahIM huI hai| kucha vidvAnoM kA yaha vicAra hai ki madhyamikA kI nArAyaNavATikA meM lakar3I kI mUrtiyA~ rahI hoMgI jo kAlAntara meM naSTa ho gaI hoM yA jAkara pUjAntargata hoN| isa sambandha meM yaha smaraNa rahe ki zuMga mathurA evaM vidizA kSetra meM yakSa-yakSiyoM kI puruSAkAra mUrtiyAM yahAM kisI sthaNDila para " AyAgapaTTa" ke rUpa meM ukerI kAla meM prastara pratimAe~ paryApta saMkhyA meM banane lagI thiiN| zuMga kAla meM banAyI gayIM aura prAyaH pratyeka gAMva meM pUjI jAne lagI thiiN| aparaMca, isI yuga meM uSNISI 'balarAma' kI svataMtra mUrtiyAM bhI vidyamAna thiiN| aisI eka vizAla pratimA lakhanaU ke rAjya saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai| jaba mevAr3a ke sUtradhAra nagarI meM itane bar3e prastara parakoTe kA nirmANa karA sakate the aura patthara sulabha thA to lakar3I kI mUrtiyAM banavAne kA koI tAtparya samajha meM nahIM AtA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki madhyamikA kI nArAyaNavATikA meM prastara pratimAeM avazya rahI hoMgI jo musalamAnI AkrAmakoM ke dvArA khaNDita kara dI gaI hoMgI / nagarI para yavanoM kA AkramaNa huA aura bAda meM musalamAnoM ne bhI paryApta dhvaMsa kArya kiyA thaa| isake tanika bAda ke mathurA ke 'morA kue~' vAle zilAlekha meM vRSNivIroM kI mUrtiyoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai vahAM kucha aisI mUrtiyAM bhI sahitAvasthA meM milI hai jo mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita haiN| nagarI ke zuMgakAlIna zilAlekha meM 'saMkarSaNa - vAsudevAbhyAM pUjA zilAprAkAro dvArA yaha AbhAsa hotA hai ki madhyamikA ke isa vaiSNava bhavana meM ina do vRSNivIroM kI mUrtiyA~, kisI sthaNDila para pUjA hetu pratiSThita rahI hoMgIM / ye paJcarAtra bhAva kI dyotaka nahIM haiM kyoMki yahA~ pahale saMkarSaNa kA ullekha huA hai- ye to vRSNivIroM kI thiiN| kheda hai ki inake nizcita svarUpa kI pahacAna karanA saMbhava nahIM, parantu mathurA kI balarAma pratimA dvArA kucha anumAna to kiyA hI jA sakatA hai / mevAr3a kSetra se IsA kI prAraMbhika-zatiyoM kI prastara pratimAe~ abhI taka to ajJAta haiN| Ayar3a kI khudAI dvArA UparI dharAtala to IsA kI prathama - tRtIya zatI kI mAnI jA sakatI hai| usa samaya yahAM miTTI se banI khaparailoM kA prayoga hotA hai| tatkAlIna kRSANa ror3oM se sAmya rakhatI huI mRgmRtiyAM Ayar3a meM milI hai jo sthAnika purAtatva saMgrahAlaya' meM surakSita evaM prazita hai| inameM kucha 'boTika TaiMka' ke sari vihInammodara kubera yA gaNapati hAtha uThAkara nRtyamudrA meM prastuta nartakI * "ye kucha mRNmUrtiyAM ullekhanIya haiN| inameM kalA - sauSThava ko vizeSa mahattva nahIM -diyA gayA hai / (bhIlavAr3A) IsA kI tRtIya zatI (saMvat 202 - 227 IsavI) kA banA eka pastaMbha' Aja bhI gaMgApura se tIna mIla dUrastha 'nadisA' grAma ke tAlAba ke bIca gar3A huA hai| isa para eka zilAlekha khudA hai| yahAM ke anya yUpastaMbha kA eka khaNDa udayapura saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai| ina staMbhoM dvArA usa samaya mevAr3a kI takSaNakalA kA to AbhAsa hotA hai parantu tatkAlIna mUrtiyAM sarvathA ajJAta haiM / sambhava hai, khudAI dvArA isa yuga kI kalA para kucha bhI 000000000000 flitree *. 0049410004 000000000000 ww samaya.org artif
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________________ 8 * 000000000000 000000000000 4000DDDDDD 0000 0t48 ternational 210 | pUjya pravartaka zrI ambAlAla jI mahArAja - abhinandana grantha kalAkAroM ne naTarAja ziva ko prakAza par3a sake / IsA kI 5vIM va chaThI zatiyAM mevAr3I kalA ke itihAsa kA anokhA yuga thA / usa samaya guptakalA kA paryApta prabhAva phaila cukA thA aura sthAnika sUtrakAra va sthapati pUrNarUpa se sakriya ho cuke the / madhyamikA nagarI ke pAMcavIM zatI ke zilAlekha meM viSNu maMdira kA ullekha hai aura chaThI zatI ke lekha meM 'manorathasvAmi' - bhavana kaa| yahAM eka guptakAlIna maMdira ke avazeSa bhI vidyamAna haiM jo IMToM kA banA thaa| isa maMdira ke bAharI bhAgoM para nAnA prakAra kI miTTI se banI mUrtiyAM jar3I thIM jinameM pazu-pakSI, kamalAkRti abhiprAya, puruSa-strI - zIrSa Adi mahattvapUrNa haiM | vAstava meM vaha yuga thA miTTI kI IMToM ke maMdiroM kA / aisI kucha guptakAlIna mRNmUrtiyAM ajamera ke rAjakIya saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita haiM aura kucha phalaka pUnA ke dakkana kaoNlija ke purAtattva vibhAga meM pradarzita haiN| ina phalakoM meM devI-devatAoM kA aMkana tabhI taka ajJAta hai / parantu usI samaya nagarI ke maMdira ke bAhara suvizAla makara - praNAlI kI vyavasthA kI gaI thI, tAki garbhagRha se pUjA kA jala nikala ske| yaha kalAtmaka prastara- praNAlI Aja bhI tatrastha vidyamAna hai| vahAM pAsa meM vRSabha-stambha zIrSa va anya prastara zilAeM bhI surakSita hai jo mevAr3a kI guptA kI nidhiyAM haiN| eka vizAla toraNa kI vyavasthA kI gayI, jisake donoM ora ke AyatAkAra stambhoM para yugalAkRtiyAM premamudrA meM pradarzita haiM / eka stambha ke sabase nIce ke bhAga para sthAnaka ziva 'trizUla' lie khar3e haiN| sabase UparI bhAga para 'kIrtimukha' abhiprAya khudA hai / ina stambhoM ke Upara eka zilA para 'kirAtArjunIya' saMvAda pRthak-pRthak khaNDoM meM utkIrNa hai jo bhAratIya prastarakalA kI anupama dena hai | samUce rAjasthAna meM yaha abhiprAya vizeSa anyatra upalabdha nahIM huaa| dillI ke rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya meM bhI nagarI se prApta eka zilA khaNDa para puruSa-strI kI AkRtiyAM utkIrNa haiM / nagarI kI uparyukta zilA meM eka chora para nareza ziva kA aMkana bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai aura yaha siddha karatA hai ki uttarI bhArata ke bahuta pahale se hI apanI kRtiyoM meM darzAyA thaa| nagarI kA yaha naTarAja to rAjasthAnI kalA meM nareza kA prAcInatama aMka prastuta karatA hai / madhyamikA ke zilpiyoM kI ye kalAkRtiyAM bhAratIya kalA ke kSetra meM mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI mAnI jA rahI hai| nagarI se prApta 'Amalaka' khaNDa Ajakala sthAnika pAThazAlA ke A~gana meM par3A hai, jisase yaha AbhAsa hotA hai ki nagarI ke maMdira para zikhara vidyamAna thA aura usake Upara thA kharabUje kI taraha kA moTA Amalaka / pUrva madhyayuga isa dRSTi se bhI mevAr3I kalA kI yaha Amalaka - zilA bhAratIya sthApatya nagarI ke uparyukta toraNa stambhoM para yugalAkRtiyAM samIpavartI 'dazapura' (maMdasora) ke pAsa soMdanI evaM 'khilacIpura' kI zilpakalA se sAmya rakhatI haiM ye eka hI kalA ke antargata mAnI jA jA sakatI haiN| soMdhanI se prApta tatkAlIna eka zilApaTTa Ajakala dillI ke rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai--yahA~ para vidyAdhara svapreyasI sahita AkAza meM ur3ate hue dikhAI dete haiM / IsA kI vItiyoM meM udayapura dUgarapura va ITara 'pArevA' (Pareva) patthara kI banAyI gaIM, jo nIle-hare raMga kI haiN| jA sakatA hai aura yaha pahacAnanA kaThina ho jAtA hai ki yaha kAlA mevAr3a meM ziva-zakti-pUjA ko savizeSa mahattva diyA gyaa| ziva ke banane lgii| jinameM ye mAtRkAe~ prAyaH zizu sahita pradarzita kI jAtI jAtI thiiN| inameM aindrI, brAhmI, kaumArI, mAhezI, ambikA meM kurAvar3a ke pAsa 'jagata' nAmaka grAma meM IsA kI chaThI zatI meM eka mAtRkA maMdira rahA hogA jo IMToM kA banA thA meM isakI AkRti tanika capaTI ho jAtI thI / ke kSetra meM eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna grahaNa kregii| isake kucha avazeSa mujhe khudAI meM mile the / yahA~ se prApta tatkAlIna prastara pratimAeM udayapura ke pratApa saMgrahAlaya kI zobhA bar3hA rahI haiM jinameM zizukrIr3A aindrI va AmralumbidhAriNI ambikA pramukha hai / aindrI ke eka hAtha meM vajra spaSTa hai, parantu sira para mukuTa khaTakatA hai jabaki unake priyadeva 'indra' ke sira para kirITa mukuTa kA honA paramAvazyaka hai / udayapura jile meM hI 'parasAda' grAma ke pAsa 'tanesara' kA eka Adhunika ziva maMdira pahAr3I kI talahaTI meM banA huA hai / yahAM eka cabUtare para prAcIna pratimAe~ to mevAr3a kI 5vIM chaThI zatI kI anupama niSiyAM thIM / sarvaprathama gaNapati kA zIrSa bhAga hai jahAM gaNeza ke sira para alaMkaraNa kA abhAva unakI prAcInatA kA sUcaka hai| dvitIya mUrti hai 'zakti evaM kukkuTa dhara- skaMda kArtikeya' kI, jo zAmalAjI se prApta va bar3audA saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita tatkAlIna skaMda mUrti se pUrNa sAmya rakhatI hai / isa skaMda mUrti ke pAsa, tanesara grAma meM hI, anya mUrtiyAM mAtRbhAva kI dyotaka haiM, kahIM mAtA ne goda For Private (zAmalAjI kheDabrahmA) kSetra meM pratimAeM prAya: inako kramaza: kapar3e se ragar3a kara kAlA raMga diyA saMgamaramara hai yA sAdhAraNa pArevA patthara / isa samaya sAtha-sAtha mAtRkAoM kI bahuta pratimAe~ pUjA hetu thIM aura prAyaH svataMtrarUpeNa pUjA hetu pratiSThita kI Adi vizeSarUpeNa ullekhanIya haiN| udayapura jile al Use Only
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________________ prAcIna bhArayIya mUrtikalA ko mevAr3a kI dena | 211 000000000000 000000000000 meM zizu ko dhAraNa kiyA hai, anyatra zizu mAtA kA hAtha pakar3a rahA hai, kahIM mAtA use stana-pAna karA rahI hai yA anyatra vaha mAtA kA hAtha pakar3a kara khelanA cAhatA hai| isa varga kI mUrtiyoM meM pratyeka mAtRkA ke sira ke pIche pramA-maNDala banA hai / kyA inheM sAdhAraNa mAtRkA pratimAe~ samajhanA cAhie? nahIM, ye to skaMda sahita 6 kRttikAoM ke nAnAvidha svarUpoM kA pradarzana karatI haiM jinhoMne janma ke uparAnta zivaputra skaMda kA pAlana-poSaNa kiyA thA aura jinake hI kAraNa usakA nAma kAttikeya par3A thaa| ye pratimAe~ mUttivijJAna kI dRSTi se bahuta upayogI haiM aura pahalI bAra bhAratIya mUttikalA meM 'skaMba va kRttikA' abhiprAya kA aMkana prastuta karatI haiN| ye saba pratimAeM tanesara ke tatkAlIna 'skaMda-maMdira' meM pUjArtha rakkhI gaI hoNgii| inase skaMda ke sAtha-sAtha kRttikA-mAtRkAoM kA svataMtra-pUjana evaM pratimA nirmANa siddha ho jAtA hai / isa dRSTi se bhI mevAr3a kI ye mUrtiyAM ati vilakSaNa haiN| udayapura nagara ke pAsa 'bedalA' grAma ke bAhara eka Adhunika maMdira ke andara kI 'harihara' pratimA bhI vivecya hai / yaha lagabhaga 4 phuTa U~cI hokara guptotarayugIna kalA meM viSNu va ziva ke eka rUpa kI abhivyakti karatI hai / rAjasthAna kI adyAvadhi jJAta harihara-pUrtiyoM kI zreNI meM prAcInatama honI caahie| yaha bhI pArevA patthara kI banI hai| ziva kI bAIM ora kA ardhabhAga viSNu kA sUcaka hai jahA~ unhoMne Upara ke hAtha meM cakra ko prayoga-mudrA meM dhAraNa kara rakkhA hai aura nIce ke hAtha meM zaMkha; zivabhAga meM puruSAkAra trizUla UparI dAhine hAtha meM vidyamAna hai| sira ke Adhe bhAga meM viSNu kA kirITa mukuTa va dUsarI ora candramauli lAMchana sahita jaTAjUTa bhI pratimA ke sauSThava meM vRddhi kara rahe haiN| tanesara se prApta eka mAtRkA pratimA abhI rASTrIya saMgrahAlaya, dillI, hetu prApta huI hai-yaha rAjasthAna zAsana se bheMTa-svarUpa milI hai-yahA~ devI kucha jhukI mudrA meM dikhAI detI hai aura bhAratIya zilpa-kalA kI asAdhAraNa kRti hai / cittaur3a kSetra meM pUrvamadhyayugIna kalA ke svarUpa cittaur3a durgastha kumbhazyAma-maMdira va kAlikA-maMdira vizeSa rUpeNa ullekhanIya haiM / kumbhazyAma-maMdira kA bAharI jaMghA bhAga 8vIM zatI kA hai-pIche pradhAna tAka meM nIce ziva-pArvatIvivAha pratimA jar3I hai va bAIM ora jaMghAbhAga para sthAnaka evaM jaTAdhArI dvibAhu lakulIza / isa Azaya kI lakulIza mUrtiyAM atyalpa saMkhyA meM milI haiM, jahAM unheM khar3e dikhAyA gayA ho / cittaur3a durga kI anya ziva-pratimA meM bhI yahI bhAva jhalakatA hai, parantu vahA~ ziva-lakulIza ke eka sAtha meM parazu bhI hai aura jaMghA para siMhacarma pradarzita hai / cittaur3a kA kAlikA-maMdira prAraMbha meM (arthAt mUlataH) sUryamaMdira thA jisake nijagarbha-gRha-dvAra-lalATa-bimba para Asanastha sUrya-pratimA jar3I hai aura tathaiva bAharI tAkoM meM / garbhagRha ke cAroM ora pradakSiNA-patha kI vyavasthA kI gaI hai aura garbhagRha jaMghA-bhAga para dikpAla pratimAeM jar3I haiN| yahA~ pUrvaparamparAnusAra soma (caMdra) kI pratimA bhavya hai| isake sira ke pIche ardhacandrAkRti khudI hai| yaha rAjasthAna kI mUrtikalA meM prAcInatama candra-pratimA svIkAra kI jA sakatI hai| isake pAsa 'azvamukha azvina' pratimA jar3I hai aura isI prakAra dUsarI ora bhI anya 'azvina' kI / isa maMdira ke bAhara 'azvinI kumAroM' va 'candra' kI ye zilpAkRtiyAM mUrtivijJAna kI mahattvapUrNa nidhiyAM haiN| isa sUrya-maMdira ke pradakSiNApatha se bAhara bhI bAhya-jaMghA kI vyavasthA kI gaI hai jahAM kramaza: nAnAvidha pratimAeM mUlataH jar3I gaI thiiN| inameM bAI ora madhyavartI pratimA samudramaMthana-bhAva kI abhivyakti karate hue viSNu ke kacchapAvatAra kA bhI pradarzana kara rahI hai| yahAM kacchapa kI pITha para mathAnI rakhakara manthana-kriyA sampanna kI jA rahI hai| isa sUrya-maMdira ke bAhara eka vizAla kuNDa ke bIca banA laghu maMdira devI-bhavana thA aura sambhavataH 8vIM zatI meM banAyA gayA thaa| bhIlavAr3A jile meM menAla (mahAnAla kA madhyayugIna mahAnAlezvara nAmaka zivAlaya to cAhamAna-kalA kA mahattvapUrNa smAraka hai aura pAsa hI 12vIM zatI kA tatkAlIna zaivamaTha, jisakI dIvAra para saMvat 1225 kA zilAlekha khudA hai / maTha ke stambhoM para ghaTapallava abhiprAya aMkita haiN| nijamaMdira meM praveza karane se pahale eka paMkti meM tIna laghu devakulikAeM pUrva madhyayugIna pratIta hotI haiM-ve cittaur3a ke sUrya-maMdira va osiyAM ke pratihAra kAlIna sthApatya va zilpa se sambandhita haiM / menAla kI ina do devakulikAoM ke pArzva bhAga meM naTarAja ziva kI mUrtiyAM jar3I haiM aura aMtima devakulikA ke bAhara ardhanArIzvara ziva kii| isI yuga kI jaina kalA kI eka bhavya kubera pratimA bhINDara kSetra ke 'bAMsI' nAmaka sthAna para milI thI aura Ajakala 'pratApa saMgrahAlaya' udayapura meM surakSita hai| bhAratIya zilpa-kalA kI yaha alaukika sundara evaM sughar3a mUrti hai--pArevA patthara ko isa pratimA meM vAhana sahita Asanastha dhanapati kubera ke eka hAtha meM 'nakulaka' (rupaye kI thailI) hai aura dUsare meM bijorA phala / kubera ke sira para jina-tIrthakara kI laghumUrti khudI hai aura
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________________ 212 | pUjya pravartaka zrI ambAlAla jI mahArAja-abhinandana grantha 000000000000 000000000000 tathaiva anya jinAkRti mukuTa ke bIca bhI vidyamAna hai| takSaNakAra ne isa abhiprAya-vizeSa kI punarukti kara ise sarvathA jaina-kubera banA diyA hai| isake abhAva meM yaha sarvasAdhAraNa kubera kI mUrti mAnI jaatii| bAMsI ke prAcIna sthala ke khaNDahara kaI mIla kI dUrI taka bikhare par3e haiM jahA~ para bar3I-bar3I IMTeM prAyaH milatI rahatI haiN| yaha sthalavizeSa nizcita hI guptottara-yuga meM paryApta samRddhizAlI rahA hogA / isI prakAra dhuleva-kesariyAjI se lagabhaga 8 mIla dUrastha 'kalyANapura' kA prAcIna sthala bhI avazeSa prastuta karatA hai| isa sthAna se prApta kaI zaiva pratimAeM Ajakala udayapura ke mahArANA bhUpAla kaoNlija meM surakSita kI gaI haiM / kalyANapura grAma ke bAhara Adhunika zivAlaya ke andara eka 'caturmukha zivaliMga' pUjAntargata hai| yaha bhI pArevA patthara kA banA hai aura 7-8 vIM zatI kI mohaka kalAkRti hai| yahA~ UparI bhAga ke cAroM ora zivamastaka bane haiM aura unake nIce brahmA-viSNu-maheza va sUrya kI sthAnaka mUrtiyA~ khudI haiM / yahA~ sUrya va unake anucaroM ko IrAnI vezabhUSA meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| kalyANapura se prApta eka vizAla zivamastaka pratApa saMgrahAlaya, udayapura, kI zobhA bar3hA rahA hai| yaha madhyayugIna pratimA yUropa ke saMgrahAlayoM meM bhAratIya-kalA-pradarzinI meM bhI bhejI gayI thii| yahAM ziva-kuNDaloM meM lakSmI va sarasvatI kI AkRtiyA~ isa abhiprAya vizeSa kI dRSTi se anokhI haiN| yaha mati bhI pArevA patthara kI banI hai| kalyANapura se prApta do prastara pratimAeM nAga-nAgI evaM nAgI abhiprAya ko abhivyakta karatI haiM jinase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki usa samaya mevAr3a meM nAgapUjA ko paryApta mAnyatA dI jAtI thii| udayapura nagara ke pAsa 'nAgadA' nAmaka grAma Aja taka vidyamAna hai jisakA prAcIna nAma 'nAgahrada' to vi0 saMvat 718 ke zilAlekha meM upalabdha hai| pUrvamadhyayugIna dhAtukalA kI dRSTi se Ayar3a grAma se prApta kAMsya-mUrti bahuta upayogI hai| yaha lagabhaga puruSAkAra hai aura jina tIrthaMkara ko dhyAnAvasthA meM prastuta karatI hai| abhI taka itanI purAnI dhAtu pratimA mevAr3a meM anyatra nahIM milI hai| Ajakala yaha Ayar3a ke purAtattva-saMgrahAlaya kI zobhA bar3hA rahI hai / madhyayuga meM Ayar3a vyApAra evaM kalA kA bhI eka pramukha kendra bana gayA thaa| yaha guhila narezoM kI rAjadhAnI thaa| yahAM kaI prAcIna maMdira mevAr3a kI guhila kalA va sthApatya ke jvalanta pratIka rUpa meM Aja bhI vidyamAna haiN| Ayar3a kI mahAsatiyoM ke ahAte ke bAhara 'gaMgodbheda' kuNDa kA nirmANa guhila nRpati bhartR bhaTTa ke rAjya kAla meM saMvat 1001 meM karAyA gyaa| tatsambandhI zilAlekha Ajakala udayapura ke mahArAjA bhUpAla kaoNleja meM surakSita hai| isa lekha meM 'AdivarAha' nAmaka kisI vyakti dvArA AdivarAha-viSNu-maMdira meM 'Adi-varAha-pratimA' kI pratiSThA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kuNDa ke pAsa hI do prAcIna maMdira haiM-bar3A maMdira bahuta U~cA hai, isake garbhagRha ke bAhara dAhinI ora ziva-lakulIza-kI mUrti jar3I hai / nija gaMgobheda kuNDa ke andara tAkoM meM jar3I huI kaI darjana prAcIna pratimAe~ mevAr3a kI madhyayugIna zilpa kA bakhAna karatI haiN| inameM se saptAzvaratha meM virAjamAna sUrya va caudaha hAtha vAle nRsiMha-varAha-viSNu kI do bhavya mUrtiyA~ Ayar3a saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita kara dI gaI haiM / mevAr3a meM sUrya-pUjA ko bhI paryApta mAnyatA prApta thii| madhyayuga meM yahA~ kaI sUrya-maMdiroM kA nirmANa huA thA jinameM se nAMdesamA (goguMdA ke pAsa) kA sUrya-maMdira to prAyaH naSTa ho cukA hai parantu udayapura se 13 mIla dUrastha va dArolI grAma ke pAsa kA sUrya-maMdira bahuta bhavya hai-yaha ber3aca nadI ke bAyeM kinAre para pUrvonmukha hokara banA hai| maMdira ke samA-maNDapa meM surasundarI-pratimAe~ jur3I haiM va jaMghA-bhAgoM para bhI / garbhagRha kI pradhAna tAkoM meM sUrya bhagavAna kI kaI pratimAe~ Aja bhI surakSita haiN| yaha madhyayugIna sUrya-maMdiroM kI zreNI meM sarvottama mAnA jA sakatA hai| yadyapi mandira ke zikhara bhAga kA sarvathA jIrNoddhAra ho cukA hai| Ayar3a grAma ke andara kaI jaina mandira pUjAntargata haiN| inameM pulisa sTezana ke sAmane va grAma ke bIca ke mandira lagabhaga 11vIM zatI kI zilpakalA kA paricaya dete haiM / Ayar3a pulisa caukI ke pIche kheta meM vidyamAna mandira bhI ullekhanIya hai-isakA zikhara to prAyaH Adhunika hai-ise 'mIrAM-mandira' kahA jAtA hai, parantu yaha ThIka nhiiN| isase mIrAM kA koI sambandha nahIM hai kyoMki yaha IsA kI 10vIM zatI meM banA hogaa| mandira ke pIche pradhAna tAka meM lakSmInArAyaNa-mUrti tatkAlIna hai aura nIce baMsI bajAte 'kIcaka' kI, jise bhramavaza loga kRSNa samajhakara maMdira ko mIrA se sambandhita mAna lete haiN| yaha abhiprAya rAjasthAna meM sirohI kSetrAntargata 'varmANa' ke stambha-zIrSa dvArA bhI prastuta kiyA gayA hai / Ayar3a ke mIrAM-maMdira ke jaMghAbhAgoM meM dikpAla va sura-sundarI pratimAoM ke sAtha kucha anya mahattvapUrNa phalakoM kA vivecana karanA bahuta Avazyaka hai kyoMki ye mevAr3a ke mUrti-vijJAna kI dRSTi se asAdhAraNa haiM / eka sthala para VARTA AG nr Educationwinternational Force Dersonale Only www.lainelibrary.org
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________________ prAcIna bhAratIya mUrtikalA ko mevAr3a kI dena | 213 nandabAbA go-baila sahita pradarzita haiM va dUsarI ora yazodA maiyA dadhi-maMthana kara rahI haiM aura pAsa khar3e kRSNa mAkhana curA rahe haiM / dUsare phalaka meM kucha vaNik 'tarAju' se sAmAna tolate hue dikhAI dete haiM- isa prakAra kI tarAjU Aja bhI 'paMsArI' loga prayoga meM lAte haiN| tRtIya zilA para 'lohakAra' dhauMkanI dvArA agni prajvalita kara lohe ke Tukar3e ko garma kara rahA hai aura pAsa baiThA anya lohAra hAtha meM hathaur3A lie usa lohe ke Tukar3e ko eka 'Thiye' para rakhakara pITa rahA hai / ye prastara phalaka tatkAlIna mevAr3a (10vIM zatI) ke sAmAjika evaM Arthika jIvana kI AkarSaka jhAMkI prastuta karate haiM / mevAr3a ke sAMskRtika jIvana meM 10vIM zatI ko svarNima yuga samajhanA anucita na hogA / yaha paryApta samRddhizAlI samaya thA jabaki yahA~ bahuta se devabhavanoM kA nirmANa huA aura naye-naye abhiprAya zilpiyoM ke mAdhyama se kalA meM abhivyakta kiye gaye / udayapura jile ke kaI maMdiroM kA ullekha kiyA hI jA cukA hai| udayapura nagara se kevala 13 mIla dUrastha va gogundA ror3a para 'IsavAla' kA viSNu maMdira paJcAyatanazailI kA hai / madhyavartI maMdira ke bAhya mAgoM para jar3I dikpAla pratimAe~ prAcIna paramparAnusAra dvibAhu haiM / praveza karate samaya dAhinI ora gaNeza maMdira hai va usake sAmane kubera kA pIche sUrya va devI ke laghu mandira banAkara 'paMcAyatana' bhAva ko pUrA kiyA gyaa| IsavAla se Age khamaNora ror3a para jAkara, khamaNora se 3 mIla dUra 'UnavAsa' kA pippalAda mAtA kA maMdira saMvat 1016 meM banA / nija maMdira ke pIche pradhAna tAka meM gaurI pArvatI kI mUrti jar3I hai / yaha va surasundarI pratimAoM kA sarvathA abhAva hai| thA -- sambhavataH guhila allaTa ke rAjyakAla meM bahuta sAdhAraNa sA durgAbhavana hai--yahAM damA udayapura kailAzapurI- nAthadvArA ror3a para udayapura se 13 mIla dUrasya kailAzapurI arthAt zrI ekaliMgajI ke nijamaMdira se Upara kI pahAr3I para vikrama saMvat 1028 kA banA lakulIza maMdira bhAratIya sthApatya kI mahattvapUrNa nidhi hai / yaha zilAlekha lakulIza sampradAya ke itihAsa kI dRSTi se bhI mahattvapUrNa hai / nijamaMdira ke garbhagRha meM kAle patthara kI banI puruSAkAra lakulIza mUrti ziva ko Urdhvaretas svarUpa meM prastuta karatI hai / praveza ke bAMyI ora zilAlekha jar3A hai va dUsarI ora kI tAka meM zAradA-sarasvatI kI bhavya pratimA / isake nIce caukI para eka paMkti kA lagulekha khudA hai / prastuta maMdira ke sabhA maNDapa ke donoM ora vAyu va dhUpa praveza hetu jAliyoM kI vyavasthA kI gaI hai, parantu samUcA jaMdhAmAga va pArzvabhAga sarvaca mUrti vihIna hai yahA~ mUlataH kisI bhI prakAra kI surasundarI yA divAna mUrtiyAM nahIM jar3I gayI thIM / ataH 10 vIM zatI ke sthApatya kI dRSTi se yaha devabhavana bhAratIya madhyayugIna kalA kI eka mahattvapUrNa dena hai / brahmA viSNu va ziva kI pratimAe~ jar3I haiM--donoM hI ke kailAzapurI ke pAsa hI, eka mola kI dUrI para, nAgadA grAma ke prAcIna maMdira ke avazeSa bhI isa sandarbha meM vizeSarUpeNa ullekhanIya haiN| yaha sthAna 7vIM zatI meM vaiSNava sampradAya kA kendra thA jaisA ki isa sthAna se prApta saMvat 718 ke zilAlekha dvArA AbhAsa hotA hai / saMvat 1083 ke anyalekha meM bhI isa sthAna kA nAma 'nAgahrada' aMkita hai / nAgaTTA ke tAlAba ke kinAre para eka ora bar3e cabUtare para do bar3e maMdira bane haiM jinheM sAsa-bahU maMdira nAma se pukArA jAtA hai / ina donoM hI maMdiroM ke garbhagRha ke bAhara tAkoM meM pIche pradhAna jaMghA ke Upara balarAma mUrti bhAgavata-bhAva kI puSTi karate haiM aura isI zrRMkhalA meM bAjU kI eka ora dAzarathirAma va dUsarI ora parazurAma kI laghu pratimAe~ jar3I haiN| takSaNakAra ne rAma bhAva ( saMkarSaNa balarAma dazarathaputra rAma, parazurAma ) ko pradhAnatA dI hai| mUrti vijJAna kI dRSTi se ye donoM pradhAna mandira va pAsa kI laghudevakulikAe~ bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa haiM inake meM eka pRthak pustaka likhI jA sakatI hai| yahA~ saMkSepa meM kucha hI vilakSaNa mUrtiyoM kA ullekha sambhava hogA / sAsa-bahU maMdira ke bIca pIche kI ora eka laghu mandira ke pIche kI tAka meM Asanastha deva pratimA meM ziva va sUrya ke eka rUpa ko darzAyA gayA hai-- ime 'mArttaNDa bhairava' kI saMjJA dI jAnI caahie| caturbAhu evaM Asanastha deva ne chAtI para sUrya kA kavaca pahana rakkhA hai, Upara ke hAthoM meM dhAraNa kie gae Ayudha (zUla va khaTvAMga ) ziva ke pratIka haiM va nIce ke donoM hAthoM meM 'kamala' sUrya ke devatA ke sira para mukuTa sUrya kA sUcaka hai / isa Azaya kI svatantra pratimAe~ abhI taka anyatra nahIM milI haiM, yadyapi 'mArttaNDa bhairava' eka laghvAkRti eka alaMkRta zilApaTTa para khudI hai jo Ajakala amarIkA ke laoNsa enjalsa kI pradarzanI meM rakkhI gaI thii| vaha bhI rAjasthAnI kalAkRti pratIta hotI hai / nAgadA ke sAsa-maMdira meM sabhA maNDapa ke bAhara dAhinI ora eka mUrti gajendramokSa saMvAda kI sUcaka hai / yahA~ viSNu ke atirikta pAsa meM 'gaja' pradarzita hai jise jalagrAha ne satAyA thaa| rAjasthAna kI mUrtikalA meM yaha abhiprAya anya kisI sthAna para 2 000000000000 Phone 000000000000 100940000 SEA
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________________ 214 | pUjya pravartaka zrI ambAlAla jI mahArAja-abhinandana grantha 000000000000 000000000000 abhI taka nahIM dekhA gayA hai, yadyapi bhAratIya guptayugIna kalA meM devagar3ha kI prastara zilA isa saMdarbha kI adbhuta abhivyakti karatI hai| madhyayuga meM nRsiMha-varAha-viSNu kI nAnAvidha pratimAe~ mevAr3a meM hI nahIM apitu samUce rAjasthAna va madhyapradeza meM banAyI gayI thiiN| khajurAho ke lakSmaNa-maMdira ke andara to isI bhAva kI prAcIna pratimA Aja bhI pUjAntargata hai| isa Azaya kI mUrtiyA~ 8-6 vIM zatI meM kAzmIra-cambA-kullU va kAMgar3A meM bahuta lokapriya ho cukI thiiN| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kAlAntara meM yaha abhiprAya vizeSa rAjasthAna meM bahuta lokapriya ho gayA / aparAjitapRcchA, devatAmUrtiprakaraNa va rUpamaNDana Adi graMthoM meM viSNu kI isa varga kI bahuta sI mUrtiyoM kA ullekha huA hai jinakI hAthoM kI saMkhyA 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 taka hai| mevAr3a meM isa varga kI mUrtiyA~ 16 vIM zatI taka banatI rahIM, jaisA ki rAjasamaMda-kAMkarolI kI pAla para banI nau caukI ke eka maNDapa kI chata dvArA spaSTa ho jAtA hai / kailAzapurI ke ekaliMgajI ke maMdira ke pAsa nirmita mIrAM-maMdira ke bAharI tAkoM meM bhI aisI pratimAe~ jar3I haiM-inameM madhyavartI bhAga viSNuvAsudeva kA hai va bAjU ke mukhasiMha va varAha ke / nAgadA ke pAsa maMdira ke bAhara bAMyI ora aisI garuDArUr3ha mUrti jar3I hai aura eka Ayar3a saMgrahAlaya kI zobhA bar3hA rahI hai| bhIlavAr3A jile meM 'bijoliyA' ke 12vIM zatI ke prAcIna maMdira bhI aise saMdarbha prastuta karate haiM, parantu ativilakSaNa svarUpa meM / eka pratimA to baikuNTha viSNu kI hai aura dUsarI unakI zakti kI, jahA~ madhyavartI bhAga azva kA hai aura bAjU ke mukha siMha va varAha ke / baikuNTha kI zakti to alaukika hai / isI varga kI eka viSNu-mUrti cittaur3a durga para purAtattva vibhAga ke kAryAlaya meM surakSita hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki ina mevAr3I kalA-kRtiyoM meM viSNu ke 'hayagrIva' svarUpa ko pradhAnatA dI gayI hai| khajurAho kI baikuNTha pratimA sthAnika saMgrahAlaya meM bhI surakSita hai jahA~ pIche kI ora cauthA mukha ukerA gayA hai aura azva kA hai / khajurAho ke lakSmaNa maMdira ke garbhagRha kI tAkoM meM kramaza: varAha-nRsiMha va hayagrIva kI pratimAe~ isI mAva kI dyotaka pratIta hotI haiM / zrInagara saMgrahAlaya kI eka apUrva-mUrti meM siMha-mukha ke sthAna para azvAkRti banI hai| ye saba pratimAe~ mevAr3I kalA kA anya kSetroM se AdAna-pradAna siddha karatI haiN| mevAr3a kSetra meM kurAvar3a ke pAsa 'jagata' grAma kA 'ambikA mandira' to rAjasthAna kA 'khajurAho' hai-yaha 10vIM zatI meM vidyamAna thA jaisA ki stambha para ke saMvat 1017 ke zilAlekha dvArA spaSTa ho cukA hai / kalAkauzala kI dRSTi se bhI yaha bahuta bhavya hai| yaha grAma ke bAhara sthAnika mAdhyamika pAThazAlA ke sAmane vidyamAna hai| pUrva kI ora se praveza karate hI praveza-maNDapa AtA hai jisake dvAra-stambhoM para mAtRkA-pratimAe~ utkIrNa haiN| inameM 'varAhI' ke eka hAtha meM 'matsya' vidyamAna hai jo tAMtrika vicAradhArA kA sUcaka hai / prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya meM 'vArAhI rohitamatsyakapAladharA' ullekha dvArA matsya kI puSTi hotI hai| isa praveza-maNDapa kI chata para samudra-maMthana abhiprAya khudA hai aura bAharI dIvAroM para premAlApa-mudrA meM nr-naarii| yahIM kucha vyakti kaMdhoM para 'kAvar3a (bahaMgI) rakhakara bojha uThAte hue pradarzita haiM / Age AMgana hai aura phira suvizAla ambikA-bhavana / maMdira ke bAharI bhAgoM para mahiSamardinI durgA kI nAnAvidha bhavya mUrtiyA~ vidyamAna haiN| nija garbhagRha ke pIche kI pradhAna tAka meM bhI devI mahiSa (rAkSasa kA vadha karatI dikhAI detI hai-usake pAsa kazu (Parrot) kI vidyamAnatA dvArA 'zukapriyA ambikA' bhAva kI puSTi hotI hai| samA maNDapa ke bAhara kI eka anya mUrti meM devI puruSa rUpa meM prastuta / rAkSasa se yuddha kara rahI hai jo prAyaH bahuta hI kama sthAnoM para upalabdha hai| mahA balipuram va ur3IsA kI kalA meM mahiSa rAkSasa ko puruSa rUpa meM avazya batAyA gayA hai parantu vahA~ usakA mukha mahiSa kA hai aura sIMga bhii| jagata kI isa mUrti meM rAkSasa pUrNarUpeNa puruSa vigraha meM prastuta haivahA~ sIMgoM kA bhI sarvathA abhAva hai| isI krama meM jagata kI anya tAke sarasvatI, gaudhAsanA gorI, cAmuNDA va dvivAhu dikpAloM kI pratimAoM ke sAtha-sAtha surasundarI pratimAe~ nAnAvidha mudrAoM meM prastuta karatI haiM / kahIM alasa kanyA hai to kahIM zizu ko hAthoM para uThAe ramaNI, anyatra vaha sadyasnAtA va rUThI huI ramaNI ke rUpa meM vidyamAna hai / unakI bhAvabhaMgimA va vezabhUSA to khajurAho kI kalA kI tulanA meM kisI bhI prakAra kama AkarSaka nahIM hai| isa maMdira ke praveza va sabhA-maNDapa ke Upara bAhara kI ora bhI kucha devI-pratimAe~ jar3I haiM jo durga ke anya svarUpoM kI abhivyakti karatI haiN| uttarI-bhArata meM isa varga ke anya durgA-bhavana kI satata pratIkSA banI rhegii| jagata ke ambikA maMdira ke garbhagRha ke bAhara bAMI ora adhiSThAna kI tAka meM nArAyaNI durgA pratimA vidyamAna hai| isa pretAsanA devI ke hAthoM meM viSNu ke sabhI 000 Jain Education Intamational ENDrivated.pormonalisaonly vayavartaTREINYARI
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________________ prAcIna bhAratIya mUrtikalA ko mevAr3a kI dena | 215 Ayudha vidyamAna haiM / prAcIna paurANika sAhitya ke nArAyaNI-durgA bhAva ko caritArtha karane vAlI yaha rAjasthAnI pratimA apane varga kI bahumUlya kRti hai, yadyapi ur3IsA meM bhuvanezvara kI kalA meM bhI kucha aisI mUrtiyA~ dRSTigocara hotI haiN| jagata ke ambikA-maMdira ke samA-maNDapa meM 'nRtyagaNapati' kI bhavya pratimA sapheda patthara kI banI hai aura gaNeza ko 'catura' mudrA meM pradarzita karatI hai| mevAr3a kI yaha gaNeza mUrti bhI apane varga kI mahattvapUrNa kalA-nidhi hai| aisI svatantra pratimAe~ bahuta hI kama saMkhyA meM milatI haiM / nizcita hI jagata kI zilpa-kalA va prastara-pratimAe~ madhyakAlIna rAjasthAnI kalA ke gaurava kI sAmagrI hai / Ayar3a grAma ke mIrAM-maMdira ke bAhara jur3e hue kRSNalIlA phalaka kA ullekha kiyA jA cukA hai / mevADa kI prAcIna mUrtikalA meM (15vIM zatI se pUrva) kRSNa-jIvana sambandhI saMdarbha atyalpa saMkhyA meM upalabdha haiN| nAgadA ke sAsamaMdira ke sabhA-maNDapa ke stambhoM para rAmAyaNa sambandhI dRzya khude haiM parantu mevAr3I maMdira ke bAharI bhAgoM meM isa prakAra kI zilAe~ prAyaH nagaNya haiM / bahU-maMdira ke garbhagRha ke bAhara eka laghu mUrti rAvaNAnugraha bhAva ko caritArtha karatI haiM / 000000000000 000000000000 - eka mevAr3a kI prAcIna mUrtikalA kI yaha saMkSipta jhAMkI samUce rAjasthAna kI hI nahIM apitu bhArata kI zilpakalA meM apanA mahattvapUrNa astitva rakhane meM pUrNatayA samartha hai| videzI AkramaNoM ke thaper3e khAkara bhI isa pradeza ke devabhavana va prastara pratimAe~ Aja bhI paryApta mAtrA meM bace haiN| yaha kalAtmaka dhArA 11vIM zatI ke uparAnta bhI mevAr3a meM bahatI rahI / 15vIM zatI meM mahArANA kumbhA ne samaya-samaya para protsAhana pradAna kiyA thaa| itanA hI nahIM unake samaya ke do rAjazilpI-parivAra bahuta sakriya bane rhe| cittaur3a durga para sUtrAdhAra jaitA va usake putroM ne kIrtistambha kA nirmANa kiyA aura dUsarI ora khetI putra sUtradhAra 'maNDana' nAgadA evaM kuMbhalagar3ha ke zilpa-kAryoM kI dekha-rekha karatA thA / donoM hI parivAra kuzala kalAkAra the / paryApta mAtrA meM preraNA lekara sUtradhAra maNDana ne anekoM zilpa evaM sthApatya viSayaka graMthoM kI racanA bhI kI jinameM rUpa maNDana, devatAmUrtiprakaraNa, rAjavallabha, rAjAprAsAda....'Adi vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiM / aisA pratIta hotA hai ki maNDana ke uttarAdhikAriyoM ne udayapura ke mahaloM, jagadIza maMdira va rAjasamudra kI naucaukI ke nirmANa kArya meM atula sahayoga pradAna kara mevAr3a ke prAcIna zilpa va hastakalA-kauzala ko akSuNNa banAe rakhA / unakI aneka kRtiyA~ bhAratIya mUrtikalA kI mahattvapUrNa nidhi ke rUpa meM Aja taka surakSita haiN| ------------ sAdhanA kI pagaDaMDI pahAr3a kI car3hAI ke samAna hai, yaha itanI saMkar3I hai ki isake donoM ora gaharI khAiyAM haiM, eka ora rAga kI gaharI khAI hai dUsarI ora dveSa kii| sAdhaka vaha hai jo saMbhala-saMbhala kara kadama dharatA hai, aura sAva- 1 dhAnI pUrvaka calatA huA apane gaMtavya para pahuMca jAtA hai| -'ambAguru suvacana' ------ AULI