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________________ kavi padmAnandakA vairAgya-zataka DA0 prabhudayAlu agnihotrI, bhopAla, ma0 pra0 padmAnanda zreSTha jaina kavi the / unakA vairAgyazataka suprasiddha na hote hue bhI saMskRtake muktaka zatakakAvyoMkI paramparAmeM utkRSTa sthAna rakhatA hai| prAcIna vaidika logoMkA lagAva sapta aura zata ina do saMkhyAoMkI ora adhika thaa| saMhitAoMmeM saptacchandosi, saptarSayaH, saptarazmi, saptahotAraH, sapta paridhi jaise bahutase saptapUrva padavAle nAmoMke sAtha zatakratu, zatakANDa, zatapatha aura zatazArada jaise Dherase zatapUrvaka saMjJA-zabda prApta hote haiM / aisA lagatA hai ki ye saMkhyAyeM sAhityameM samAdata ho gayI thIM aura samAjameM bhI unako vizeSatA dI jAtI thii| vivAhakI saptapadI, maitrIkI saptapadInatA, lokoMkI sapta saMkhyA, dhRtarASTra ke sau putroMkI kalpanA, 'zataM vada mAlikha' jaisI kahAvateM ye saba isI bAtakI poSaka haiN| Adhanika hindI bhASA takameM yaha bAta kahAvatoke rUpa sakatI hai| isIliye bhagavadgItA, durgAsaptazatI, gAhAsattasaI aura AryAsaptazatImeM yadi ina donoM saMkhyAoM kA samuccaya milatA hai to koI AzcaryakI bAta nhiiN| inake anukaraNa para hindImeM bihArI satasaI aura matirAma satasaI jaisI uttama kRtiyAM prakAzameM aayoN| sapta aura zatake bAda yadi koI anya saMkhyA adhika lokapriya thI to vaha thI tri (tiin)| vaidika saMhitAoMmeM hI nahIM, dharma aura darzanake kSetrameM bhI yaha saMkhyA bahuta priya huI / sAhityakI trizatiyA~ isIkA pariNAma haiM / bhartRharikI zatakatrayI, paNDitarAjakI vilAsatrayI (bhAminI-vilAsa) Adi isake udAharaNa haiM / kAvyake kSetra meM zatakoMkA prArambha amaruzatakake sAtha huaa| bAdameM to zRMgAra-zatakoMkI paramparA hI cala niklii| bahatase dUta-kAvya bhI vastataH zataka kAvya hI hai| isa paddhatikI racanAoM meM kasama dRSTAMta-kalikA-zataka; kAmarAja dIkSitakI zRMgArakali kA trizatI, maka kavike zataka-paMcaka; vIrezvarakA anyoktizataka; narahari, janArdana bhaTTa, dhanarAja evaM rudrabhaTaTAdike zrRMgAra-zatakoMke atirikta stotra, bhAva, nIti, upadeza, anyokti aura kAvyabhUSaNa jaise viSayoM para darjanoM muktaka zataka kAvya milate haiM, yahA~ taka ki khaDga-zataka bhii| zataka kAvyoMkI paramparAmeM vairAgya-zatakoMkA viziSTa sthAna hai| appaya dIkSita, dhanada evaM janArdana bhaTTa jaise aneka kaviyoMne vairAgya-zatakakI racanA kii| yoM to somaprabhAcAryakI sUktimuktAvalI, jambUgurukA jinazataka, gumAnI kavikA upadezazataka Adi bhI isI koTikI racanAyeM haiN| phira bhI vairAgyazataka nAmase jo saMskRta kAvya upalabdha hote haiM unameM padyAnandakA vairAgyazataka zaddha sAhityika daSTise bhI mahattvapUrNa racanA hai| vairAgyaparaka kAvyoMmeM jaina kaviyoMkI denakA yoM bhI viziSTa sthAna hai| vaidika-paurANika paramparAke kavi prAyaH nIti, zrRMgAra aura vairAgyakI trayIko sAtha lekara cale haiN| unakI dRSTi meM kumAra, yuvA aura jaraTha vayake liye pathaka rucike kAvyakI ovazyakatA thii| ye kavi gahastha the aura jaisA ki vaidika paramparAmeM rahA hai, gRhasthAzramako jIvanakA kendra-bindu mAnakara cale haiN| isaliye vairAgya-kAvya likhate hue bhI ve nIti aura zRMgArameM adhika DUbate dikhAyI dete haiM / bhartRhari isake apavAda haiN| ina kaviyoMne vairAgyaparaka racanAyeM prAyaH antima vaya meM kI jo vairAgyaparaka kama aura bhaktiparaka adhika haiN| jaina kaviyoMkA patha isase bhinna rahA - 215
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________________ hai| jaina kavi sAmAnyatayA sAdhu yA muni the, gharabArase vimukta unakA saMgharSa mAnasika thaa| ve mAra, mana aura indriyoMke laulyake viruddha sakriya saMgharSa meM rata the| isIliye unakI vairAgyoktiyoMmeM adhika tanmayatA aura ImAnadArI parilakSita hotI hai / jaina kaviyoMkA vairAgyavarNana korA bauddhika vilAsa nahIM hai / yaha unakI sAdhanAkA eka pramukha aMga hai aura padmAnanda isI sAdhanAke kavi haiM / kavi padmAnanda nAgapura yA usake samIpastha kisI sthAnake rahane vAle the / inake pitA zreSThI zrI dhanadeva ne apane guru zrI jinavallabhake upadezoMse prerita hokara nAgapura meM zrI neminAthakA mandira banavAyA thA / nizcita hI ye zreSTha vidvAn bhI rahe hoMge / svayaM unhoMne kahA hai siktaH zrIjinavallabhasya suguroH zAntopadezAmRtaiH, zrImannAgapure cakAra sadanaM zrIneminAthasya yaH / zreSThI zrIdhanadeva ityabhidhayA khyAtazca yasyAGgaja: padyAnandazataM vyadhatta sudhiyAmAnanda-saMpattaye / unakA kAla 17voM zatI IsavIke bAdakA jAna par3atA hai / ve zAkinI Adi tAMtrika zabdoMse paricita hai / unhoMne jayadeva, bhartRhari aura paNDitarAjako par3hA thA aura ina para ukta kaviyoM kI yatra-tatra chAyA bhI hai / zatakake antameM ve kahate haiM ki jo Ananda mere zatakako sunane meM hai, vaha na to pUrNendumukhIke mukha meM hai, na candrabimbake udaya meM hai, na candanake lepa meM hai aura na aMgUrakA rasa pIne meM hai : saMpUrNendumukhImukhe na ca na ca zvetAMzubimbodaye, zrIkhaNDadravalepane na ca na ca drAkSArasAsvAdane / AnandaH sa sakhe na ca kvacidasau kiMbharibhirbhASitaH, padmAnandazate zrute kila mayA yaH svAditaH svecchayA / paNDitarAja jagannAthane kRSNabhaktike viSayameM bhI yahI bAta kahI thI madvIkA rasitA sitA samazitA sphItaM nipItaM payaH, svaryA tena sudhApyadhAyi katidhA rambhAdharaH khaNDitaH / satyaM brUhi madIya jIva bhavatA bhUyo bhave bhrAmyatA, kRSNetyakSarayorayaM madhurimodgAraH kvacillakSitaH / zA0 vi0 7 paNDitarAja bar3e kAvyazilpI the| isaliye unake racanAstarakA U~cA honA svAbhAvika hai| phira bhI eka antara to spaSTa hai ki padmAnandakI 'rambhAdhara' meM ruci nahIM hai| yaha antara, jaisA ki Upara kahA hai, vaiSNava aura jaina kaviyoMmeM sarvatra milegaa| zatakake prArambhameM padmAnandane jinapatikI stuti kI hai jinake lie trilokI karatala para luThita muktAke samAna to haiM hI, ve hAsa, vilAsa aura trAsase tInoMke rabhasoMse mukta haiN| vaha una yogiyoMkI vandanA karate haiM jinhoMne apane vivekake vajrase kopAdi parvatoMko cUra-cUra kara DAlA hai, yogAbhyAsake parazuse mohake vRkSoMko kATa diyA hai, aura saMyamake siddha-maMtrase tIvra kAmajvarako bA~dha diyA hai| vaha una sAdhuoMke sammukha praNata haiM jinhoMne atula premAMcita preyasIko zAkinIke samAna evaM prANa-samA lakSmIko sarpiNIke sadRza chor3a diyA hai aura jo citrAgavAkSarAji vAle mahalakA upabhoga valmIkake samAna karate haiN| vaha usa mahApuruSako bar3A mAnate haiM jo para-nindAmeM mUka, para nArIke dekhane meM aMdha, aura paradhanake haraNameM paMgu haiN| inake matameM mAdhyasthya vRttise rahanevAlA hI yogI aura praNamya hai aura yaha mAdhyasthya vRtti hai-Akrozase pIr3ita na
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________________ honA, cATukAritAse prasanna na honA, dugandhase bAdhita na honA, sugandha para mugdha na honA, strI rUpase Anandita na honA ora mare zvAnase bhI vRNA na karanA / naDe sundara Dhagase unhoMne yogIkI pahacAna spaSTa kI hai : mitra rajyati naiva, naiva pizune vairAtu ro jAyate , bhoge lubhyati naiva, naiva tapasi klezaM samAlambate / ratne rajyati naiva, naiva dRSadi pradUSamApadyate, yeSAM zuddhahRdAM sadaiva hRdayaM, te yogino yoginaH / / arthAt sacce yogI ve haiM jinakA zuddha hRdaya mitrako pAkara ullasita aura pizunako pAkara vairAtura nahIM hotA / bhogameM lubdha aura tapameM kaleSita nahIM hotA aura jo ratnameM anu rakti aura pattharameM dvaSa bhAva nahIM pradarzita krtaa| padmAnandane prArambhake zlokoMmeM jo uparyukta bAteM kahIM haiM, ve prAyaH be hI haiM jinheM sabhI bhAratIya sAdhaka kahate A rahe the| phira bhI, padmAnandake kahaneke DhaMgameM navInatA hai| usameM unakA apanApana jhalakatA hai aura jahA~ unhoMne rUpakakA Azraya liyA hai, vahA~ maulikatAkA bhI / 'na ca na ca', 'naiva naiva' 'mama mama' ke prayogakA unheM zoka hai| unhoMne eka arthako vyakti ke lie bhinna-bhinna kriyAoMkA Azraya liyA hai aura AvRttise bacaneko ceSTA kI hai / yathA- dUyate, vAdhyate, vidvaSyate, vairAtu ro jAyate, klezaM sabhAlambate evaM praduSamApadyate aura isI prakAra-samAnandyate, samprIyate, rajyate, nandati, labhyati aadi| prAcIna muniyoM, sAdhuoM aura virAgiyoMne-cAhe ve kisI panthake anuyAyI rahe hoM-samAna rUpase nArIkI nindA kI hai / bhASAke kaviyoMmeM kabora to sabase Age haiM / kintu isakA kAraNa nArIke prati heya dRSTi nahIM hai| kisI bhI mani yA kavine mAtA, bahina aura patrIke prati azraddha bhAva nahIM vyakta kiyaa| bAta yaha hai ki sAdhana patha para agrasara hote hue vyaktiko do hI Antarika zatruoMse sarvAdhika jUjhanA par3atA hai aura ve haiM artha aura kAma / artha tRSNA aura le bhako arthAt parigrahako janma detA hai| dhara chor3akara vanameM kuTI banAnevAle vahA~ bhI gahasthakI taraha sampatti jor3ane laga jAte haiM / isIlie kavine kahA thA jogI dukhiyA jaMgama dukhiyA tApasa ke dukha dUnA / AzA tRSNA saba ghara vyApai koi mahala nahiM sUnA / / __ aura kAma to kisIko nahIM chor3atA / svayaM anaMga rahakara bhI vaha sAdhakake aMga-aMgako mathita karatA hai cAhe jitanA bar3A vidvAn ho aura prayatnazIla bhI ho, to bhI indriyA~ manako khIMca hI le jAtI haiM. aisA gItAmeM kahA hai / puruSake lie nArI evaM nArIke lie puruSa paraspara kAmake uddIpaka hote haiM / isalie puruSa kaviyoMne kAmake AkarSaNase bacaneke lie nArIke AkarSaka aMgoM, hAvoM-bhAvoM evaM ceSTAoMke prati apane manameM virakti jAgrata karanekI ceSTA kI hai / nArI kavi aisA nahIM karatI kyoMki puruSa ke prati nArIke AkarSaNakI prakriyA bhinna hotI hai| ataH vairAgyake granthoM meM nArIkI jo nindA prApta hotI hai, vaha ApAtataH nindA dikhatI hai / vastutaH vaha apane durbala manako vazameM karane evaM kAmake prati virakti jAgrata, karaneke lie eka sAdhana mAtra hai| vaha kAma-pravRtti aura usake uddIpakoMkI nindA hai kintu AzrayAzrayi-bhAvase nArI-nindA pratIta hotI hai / padmAnandane bhI sabase pahale dasa-pandraha zlokoMmeM yahI kiyA hai| ve kahate hai madhye svAM kRzatAM kuraGgaka-dRzo bhUnetrayorvakratAM, kauTilvaM cikureSu rAgamadhare mAndyaM gati-prakrame / kAThinyaM kucamaNDale taralatAmakSNonirIkSya sphuTa, vairAgyaM na bhajanti mandamatayaH kAmAturA hI narAH / / 28 -217 - .
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________________ madhya meM kRzatA, netroM aura bhRkuTiyoMmeM vakratA, bAloMmeM kuTilatA, oThameM raktatA, gati meM mandatA, kucamaNDalameM kaThoratA, dRSTi meM taralatA itanI sArI asvAbhAvika bAteM strImeM spaSTa dikhatI haiM, phira bhI logoMkA mana unakI orase nahIM haTatA / zaMkarAcAryane kahA thAaMga galitaM palitaM muNDa, dazana-vihInaM jAtaM tuNDam / vRddho yAti gRhItvA daNDaM tadapi na muMcatyAzApiNDam / aura isI sarala bAtako padmAnanda sAhityika zailImeM kahate haiMpANDutvaM gamitAn kacAn pratihatAM tAruNya-puNya- zriyam, cakSuH kSINabalaM kRtaM zravaNayorvAdhiryamutpAditam / sthAnabhraMzamavApitAzca jarayA dantAsthimAMsa-tvacaH, pazyanto'pi jaDA hA hRdi sadA dhyAyanti tAM preyasIm // keza sapheda ho gaye, javAnIkI camaka-damaka naSTa ho gayI, A~khoMkI zakti durbala par3a gayI, kAnoMmeM baharApana A gayA, bur3hApeke kAraNa dA~ta, mAMsa aura tvacA saba apanA sthAna chor3a gaye / phira bhI ye mUrkha haiM ki apanA dhyAna preyasIkI orase nahIM haTAte / aura padmAnandakI yaha dhikkRti una kaviyoMke liye bhI hai| jo jIvana bhara ApAdamastaka zrRMgArameM hI DUbe rahate haiM / eka hAthI hai mahAmithyAtva kA / cAroM krodhAdi kaSAya usake pA~va haiM / vyAmoha usakI sU~Da hai / rAga aura dveSa ye do usake bar3e-bar3e dA~ta haiM / durvAra mAra usakA mada hai / jo isa matta hAthIko tattva jJAnake aMkuzakI sahAyatAse apane cAturya ke dvArA vazameM kara letA hai, vaha tInoM lokoMko jIta letA hai / kitane sundara aura sarvAMgapUrNa rUpakake dvArA kavine apanI bAtako prastuta kiyA hai krodhAdyugracatuSkaSAyacaraNo vyAmohahastaH sakhe, rAgadveSanizAta dIrghadazano durvAramAroddhuraH / sajjJAnAMkuzakozalena sa mahAmithyAtvaduSTadvipo nIto yena vazaM vazIkRtamidaM tenaiva vizvatrayam / / eka dUsarA paramparita rUpaka dekhiye sajjJAnamUlazAlI darzanazAkhazca yena vRttataruH / zraddhAjalena sikto mukti phalaM tasya sa dadAti // kisI vRkSako ropeM to pahale usakI jar3oM bhUmimeM lagatI haiM / zAkhAyeM phUTatI haiM aura taba phala lagate haiM / saccAritrya bhI eka vRkSa hai| usakI zAkhAyeM haiM / zraddhAkA jala use sIMcatA hU~ taba kahIM kaSTa muktikA phala usameM lagatA hai / sAMsArika viSayoMkI orase mana haTAneke liye zarIrakI carama pariNatiko dekhanA-samajhanA Avazyaka hai / isase jIvanakI yathArthatAkA bhAna hotA hai aura moha dUra hokara niHsaMgatAkI prApti hotI hai / isIliye sAre santoMne mRtyuke bhayAvaha dRzya bhaktoMke sAmane prastuta kiye haiM / padmAnandane bhI kahA bhAryeyaM madhurAkRtirmama mama prItyanvito'yaM sutaH, svarNasyaiva mahAnidhirmama mamAsau bandhuro bandhavaH / ramyaM harmyamidaM mametthamanayA vyAmohito mAyayA, mRtyuM pazyati naiva daivahatakaH kuddhaM purazcAriNam / / yaha merI sundara strI hai / yaha merA pyArA beTA hai| sonekI bar3I rAzi mere pAsa hai / merA bhAtRsnehI bhAI hai / yaha zAnadAra mahala merA apanA hai / abhAgA vyakti isI mAyAmeM khoyA rahatA hai aura sAmane = 218 - use jalase sIMcate haiM / taba usameM sat jJAna usakA mUla hai / darzana
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________________ Ate hue kruddha kAla (mRtyu) ko nahIM dekhatA / aura jaba mRtyu pakar3a le jAtI hai to santAna, dhana, mahala koI sAtha nahIM jaataa| sAtha jAte haiM kevala puNya aura pApa : nApatyAni na vittAni na saudhAni bhvntyho| mRtyunA nIyamAnasya puNyapApe paraM punaH / / matyase kauna baca sakatA hai ? rAvaNane bur3hApeko apanI khATake pAyemeM bA~dha rakhA thA, vaha bhI calA gyaa| hanumAna jo apanI bhujAoM para droNa parvata hI ukhAr3a kara le Aye the. ve bhI cale gye| jina rAmane trilokIke sabase bar3e vIra rAvaNako mAra DAlA thA, ve bhI cale gye| phira auroMkI to bAta hI kyA ? baddhA yena dazAnanena nitarAM khaTvaikadeze jarA, droNAdrizca samuddha to hanumatA yena svadorlIlayA, zrIrAmeNa ca yena rAkSasapatistralokyavIro hataH, te sarve'pi gatAH kSayaM vidhivazAt kAnyeSu tadbhoH kathA / bAlaka bhojane bhI maMjadevake prati aisI bAta kahI thii| zaMkarAcArya ne bhI bAta sIdhI-sAdI bhASAmeM kahI thI bAlastAvat krIDAsaktaH, taruNastAvat taruNIraktaH, vaddhastAvaccintA-magnaH pAre brahmaNi ko'pi na lagnaH / ki bacapana khelameM bIta lAtA hai, yauvana taruNIke premameM calA jAtA hai aura bur3hApemeM taraha-tarahakI cintAyeM o gheratI haiN| Atmacintanake liye samaya hI nahIM mila pAtA / yaha tathya kaisI prabhAvakArI bhASAmeM prastuta kiyA hai padmAnanda ne : bAlye mohamahAndhakAra-gahane magnena mUr3hAtmanA, tAruNye taruNI - samAhRta-hRdA bhogaikasaMgecchunA, vRddhatve'pi jarAbhibhUtakaraNagrAmeNa niHza ktinA, mAnuSyaM kila daivataH kathamapi prAptaM hataM hA mayA / jaise zItalatA aura sugandhake pUrNa honepara bhI sarpoke saMsargake kAraNa candana vRkSa pAnthake lie vyartha hotA hai aise hI kuTila AcAravAle dumahe logoMke saMgase jIvana niSphala ho jAtA hai zrIkhaNDapAdapeneva kRtaM sva janma niSphalam / jihmagAnAM dvijihvAnAM sambandhamanurundhatA / / yahA~ niSphalam, jihmagAnAM aura dvijihvAnAM ina zliSTa zabdoMke prayogane zlokameM cAra cA~da lagA diye haiN| kisIko sundarIse pyAra hI karanA ho, to padmAnanda dvArA prastAvita priyAse pyAra kare : aucityAMzukazAlinI hRdaya he zIlAMgarAgojjvalA zraddhA-dhyAnaviveka-maNDanavatIM kAruNyahArAMkitAM / sabodhAMjanaraJjinIM parilasaccAritrapatrAMkurAM nirvANaM yadi vAMchasIha paramakSAntipriyAM tadabhaja // yadi tumheM nirvANa (zAnti yA mukti) cAhiye to usa kSAntirUpiNI priyAse pyAra karo jo aucitya kI sAr3I yA cAdara dhAraNa karatI haiM, zIlakA aGgarAga lagAtI hai, zraddhA, dhyAna aura vivekake AbhUSaNa pahanatI hai, kAruNyakA hAra dhAraNa karatI hai, sadjJAnakA aJjana lagAtI hai aura zreSTha caritrake patrAMkuroMse
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________________ apaneko sajAtI hai / padmAnandakI kalpanAse prasUta yaha paramparita rUpaka sarvathA anUThA hai| yoM bhI sAMgarUpaka prastuta karane meM yaha kavi siddhahasta hai / / padmAnandake matameM dAna aura tapa yadi vairAgya-yukta manase kiye jAyeM tabhI sArthaka hote haiN| yadi aGganAmeM lAvaNya hI na huA to kevala vibhramoM yA hAva-bhAvoMkI uchalakUda kitanA AkarSaNa utpanna kara sakegI ? isI prakAra yadi antaviveka utpanna na huA to sAre zAstra, japa, tapa vyartha haiM kyoMki ye saba to sAdhanamAtra hai-sAdhya hai tattvajJAna, vivekakhyAti / isIlie ve kahate haiM ki sArI kalAyeM jAna lIM to kyA huA ? ugra tapa bhI tapa liyA to kyA? yadi kalaGka rahita yaza bhI kamA liyA to kyA ? yadi vivekakI kalI na khilI ? viveka hI to hai jo manuSya-manuSyameM antara spaSTa karatA hai anyathA haMsa aura bagule, kokila aura kAka tathA suvarNa aura haldImeM kyA antara ? raGga to donoMkA eka hI hai / kintu cAla, bolI aura mUlya kramazaH inake mahattvameM antara spaSTa karate haiN| isI prakAra manuSyoMkI garimA aura mahattAmeM nyUnAdhikya unake guNoMke kAraNa hotA hai zauklye haMsa-bakoTayoH sati sameyadvadgatAvantaraM, kASNye kokilakAkayoH kila yathA bhedo bhRzaM bhASite, paitye hemaharidrayorapi yathA mUlye vibhinnArghatA, mAnuSye sadRze tathArya khalayordUraM vibhedo guNaiH / / aura jaba viveka jJAna yA tattvArthabodha ho jAtA hai to kAma, krodha, lobha, moha Adi kaSAya catuSka kucha nahIM bigAr3a pAte / yahI sAdhanA kI carama upalabdhi hai / padyAnandane pUra vizvAsa ke sAtha kahA hai tA evaitAH kuvalayadRzaH, saiSa kAlo basantas, tA evAntaH zucivanabhuvaste vayaM, te vayasyAH / ki tUjhataH sa khalu hRdaye tattva dIpaprakAzo, yenedAnI hasati hRdayaM yauvanonmAdalIlAH / / kamalanetrI sundariyA~ aba bhI ve hI haiM, vasanta kAla vahI hai, sundara vana pradeza bhI ve hI haiM, hama bhI ve hI haiM aura mitragaNa bhI ve hI haiM kintu tattvadIpakA prakAza ho jAnese aba hRdaya yauvanako unmatta lIlAoM meM DUbatA nahIM apitu una para ha~satA hai / sambhavataH yaha zlola "yaH komAraharaH sa eva hi varaH" Adi suprasiddha zRMgArI zlokakA pratyuttara hai / vANIke viSa yameM to kavikA kathana pratyeka kavi, vaktA yA lekhakako apane sAmane bar3e akSaroMmeM likha kara TA~ga lenA cAhiye lalitaM satya-saMyuktaM, suvyaktaM satataM mitam / ye vadanti sadA teSAM, svayaM siddhava bhAratI / / jo loka satya, madhura, spaSTa (jise saba samajha sake), paraspara sambaddha aura napI-tulI bAta bolate haiM, unheM vANI siddha ho jAtI hai| ve jo bolate haiM. vaha vyartha nahIM jaataa| aura padmAnanda nizcaya hI siddhavAk kavi the| -220 -