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________________ 00000 0 00000000000000000000000000000.0.00.0.0.. nayacandrasUrikRta-hammIra mahAkAvya aura sainya-vyavasthA D DaoN. gopInAtha zarmA, (bhUtapUrva) prophesara, itihAsa, rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya, jayapura] hammIra mahAkAvya kI racanA nayacandrasUri ne caudahavIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa ke Asa-pAsa kI thii| isa kAvya meM pRthvIrAja tathA hammIra ke raNakauzala kA paricaya milatA hai| vaise to kavi ina donoM mahAvIroM kA samakAlIna nahIM hai, parantu ghaTanAoM ke adhyayana se spaSTa hai ki kavi ne lokavArtAoM aura saMsmRtiyoM ke AdhAra para ghaTanAoM ko lekhabaddha kiyA thA / isake atirikta kavi ke samaya tathA hammIra ke samaya meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM raha jAtA hai, jabaki aitihAsika viSayoM se prema rakhane vAlA lekhaka inake bAre meM apane bAlyakAla se unheM samakAlIna vyaktiyoM se, jo usa samaya taka rahe hoM, sunatA rahA ho / jina ghaTanAoM kA ullekha hamArA lekhaka karatA hai unakA varNana phArasI tavArIkhoM meM meM bhI mUla rUpa se milatA hai jisase kavi-vaNita sainya vyavasthA meM sandeha ke lie sthAna adhika nahIM rhtaa| isa kAvya ke tIsare sarga meM lagabhaga 100 padyoM meM pRthvIrAja kA varNana diyA gayA hai jinameM pRthvIrAja ke caritra evaM usake zahAbuddIna gaurI ke sAtha kiye gaye yuddha kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| prathama tarAina ke yuddha 1160-1161 I0 se spaSTa hai ki rAjapUta yuddha praNAlI meM sampUrNa dala se zatruoM para eka sAtha AkramaNa karanA hotA thaa| yadi yaha AkramaNa zana ko tatkSaNa vithakita kara detA to rAjapUtoM kI vijaya ho jAtI thii| isa yuddha meM pRthvIrAja kI sampUrNa senA kA dabAva itanA prabala thA ki zatruoM ke pA~va ukhar3a gye| isa gatividhi kA phArasI tavArIkhoM meM bhI ullekha milatA hai| saMbhavata: isa praNAlI se gaurI avagata nahIM thA / yahI kAraNa thA ki use yuddhasthala se bhAganA pdd'aa| parantu isI yuddhazailI ke sAtha naya candra hameM isa vyavasthA ke doSa kI ora bhI saMketa karatA hai| vaha yaha hai ki pRthvIrAja ne isa vijaya ke bAda kabhI Asa-pAsa ke pradezoM meM morcAbandI kA koI prabandha nahIM kiyaa| isI prakAra usane ina nikaTavartI pradezoM ke nivAsiyoM se rAjanItika sambandha bhI sthApita nahIM kiye / isakA phala yaha huA ki jaba zahAbuddIna gaurI dubArA bhAratavarSa meM AyA to vaha kharpara, laMgAra, bhilla Adi arddhasabhya jAtiyoM ko apanI ora milAne meM saphala haa| ina jAtiyoM ke pradeza kI rasada aura unakA sahayoga videzI zatru kI vijaya ke kAraNa bane / naya candra ne isa paristhiti ko rAjapUta parAjaya kA kAraNa mAnA hai| dUsare tarAina ke yuddha meM 1191 I0 gaurI apanI pUrI zakti eka sAtha prayoga meM nahIM lAtA, jabaki pRthvIrAja 1. hammIra mahAkAvya, eka paryAlocana, pR0 28. 2. phariztA ke anusAra usakI senA meM do lAkha azvArohI evaM tIsa hajAra hAthI the|-bhaa0 1, pR. 5 va 7 / isa saMkhyA meM hameM sandeha hai| 3. tabakAta-e-nAsirI, pR0 460,463, 464. 4. hammIra mahAkAvya, sarga 3, zloka 18-46.
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________________ nayacandrasUrikRta - hammIra mahAkAvya aura sainya vyavasthA DISC bhAga0 2, pR0 200. 2. hammIra mahAkAvya, sarga 3, zloka 51-64. IIIIIIIII apane sampUrNa samyayala kA upayoga karatA hai| videzI sainika bArI-bArI se yuddha meM utarate haiM, bhAgate haiM aura punaH mur3akara zatruoM para TUTa par3ate haiN| rAjapUta sainika eka hI daur3a meM apanI paramparA ke anusAra, zatru ko vithakita karanA cAhate haiM, jaisA ki unhone prathama yuddha ke samaya kiyA thaa| parantu isa bAra unheM saphalatA nahIM milI / nayacandrasUri yaha bhI saMketa detA hai ki rAjapUta vizeSataH pAti-paddhati se paricita the, unakA azvArohiyoM kA jatthA 2 pradarzana mAtra ke lie thA isIlie lekhaka likhatA hai ki pRthvIrAja jaba naTa nAmaka azva para bar3A to bajAya drutagati se Age bar3hane ke vaha nAcane lgaa| isI sthiti meM zatru dala ke kisI sainika ne pRthvIrAja ke gale meM dhanuSa kI pratyaMcA DAlI, jisase use nIce utarane ko bAdhya honA pdd'aa| yahA~ azvadala ke bala aura vyavasthA meM rAjapUtoM kA vizvAsa nahIM honA spaSTa hai / zatruoM ke dhanuSa bhI lekhaka adhika sadhe hue mAnatA hai aura saMketa karatA hai ki dvitIya tarAina ke yuddha meM rAjapUta padAti tathA bhArI dhanuSoM ke bala meM vizvAsa rakhate rhe| lekhaka kI dRSTi meM zatrupakSa kI azvadala evaM usake choTe dhanuSa aura unakA drutagAmI vAra yuddha ke nirNAyaka bane / 3. hammIra mahAkAvya, sarga 6, zloka 61-125. 4. vahIM, sarga 1, zloka 126-50, 5. vahI, sarga 10, zloka 26-66. 6. vahI, sarga 11, zloka 1- 24, 25 -66. 7. vahI, zloka 70-103. 8. vahI, sarga 13, zloka 1-38. nayacandrasUri isI prakAra apane kAvya ke navam sarga meM hammIra ke samaya alAuddIna ke senAnAyaka ulUgakhA~ ke raNathambhaura ke AkramaNa kA varNana detA hai| isa AkramaNa ke samaya rAjapUta senA, jisakA netRtva hammIra kA senAnAyaka bhImasiMha kara rahA thA, zatru dala para TUTa par3atI hai| senA kA eka sAtha dabAva itanA prabala thA ki zatru senA bhAga jAtI hai| prathama tarAina kI bhAMti yahAM rAjapUta usI sainya praNAlI se vijayI hote haiM parantu isako pUrNa parAjaya nahIM maante| vijaya ke ullAsa meM lauTatI huI phauja para ulUgakhA~ pratyAkramaNa karatA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa bhImasiMha mArA jAtA hai aura usakI bAkI bacI huI phauja punaH kile kI zaraNa letI hai| vijayI zatrudala kA nAyaka dillI lauTa jAtA hai / isa AkramaNa ke varNana meM bhI lekhaka usI rAjapUta gatividhi kA varNana karatA hai jise pRthvIrAja ne apanAyA thaa| lekhaka kI dRSTi meM bhImasiMha kI yahI bhUla parAjaya kA kAraNa thii| phArasI tavArIkhoM ke varNana tathA hammIra mahAkAvya ke varNana yahA~ lagabhaga eka se haiN| 41 " dasaveMsa meM hindUvAra ke yuddha kA varNana hai jisameM cAroM ora se cauhAna senA ne ulUgA para AkramaNa kara diyaa| isa bAra cauhAna vijayI rahe, kyoMki inake hamale kA davAba zaktisampanna thaa| parantu gyArahaveM sarga ke AkramaNa kI kahAnI punaH vahI hai jaba alAuddIna ne bheda nIti ko apanAyA thaa| rAjapUtoM ne apanI paramparA ke anusAra durga ke saMrakSA kI vyavasthA kii| kaI dinoM kI rasada, pAnI tathA zastroM ko durga meM ekatrita kiyA gayA / " bArahaveM tathA terahaveM sarga meM hammIra aura alAuddIna ke do dina ke saMgrAma kA varNana hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki rAjapUta zatruoM ke dvArA apanAI gaI gatividhi ko kuNThita karane meM kSamatA rakhate the / jahA~ miTTI, patthara tathA lakar3I ke Tukar3oM evaM pUliyoM se durga kI khAiyoM ko bhara kara zatru durga para car3hane kI vAra se tathA agni ke prayoga se unakI vyavasthA ko naSTa bhI kara dete the| +++ 1. saba-nAgirI bhAga 1 0 464 tArIkha-e-phariztA, bhAga 1 0 175 jamIna hidAyata 10 DA0 ; 1 vyavasthA karate the, vahA~ cohAna zastroM ke rAjapUtoM kI isa prakAra apanAI gaI vidhi -O .
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________________ 42 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : SaSTha khaNDa . - . - . -. -. - . -. -. -. -. -. jhAlora' tathA cittaur3a ke AkramaNa ke samaya bhI dikhAI detI hai| hamArA lekhaka hameM sUcita karatA hai ki jaba zatruoM ne khAiyoM ko lakar3I va ghAsa se pATane kA prayatna kiyA to hammIra ke sainikoM ne agni ke goloM se khAI kI lakar3I Adi ko bhasma kara diyA aura suraMgoM meM lAkha se milA huA ubalatA tela DAlakara zatru senA ko bhasmasAt kara diyA / isI sarga ke antima bhAga meM kavi ne parAjaya ke samaya apanAye jAne vAle prayogoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai / jaba kisI prakAra durga kI rakSA kiyA jAnA sambhava pratIta nahIM huA to hammIra ne apanA darabAra lagAyA, nAca-gAna kI vyavasthA kI aura sabhI antima balidAna ke lie kaTibaddha ho gye| yahA~ darabAra ke lagane tathA raMbhA ke nRtya ke Ayojana ke varNana meM lekhaka rAjapUta-manovRtti kA samucita citraNa karatA hai| aise avasara para balidAna ke saMkalpa kI tulanA meM sAMsArika sukhoM ko koI sthAna rAjapUta sainya vyavasthA meM nahIM hai| AbhUSaNa, dravya, anna Adi ke bhaNDAroM ko saharSa naSTa karane meM eka rAjapUta nahIM hicakatA / yahA~ taka ki hAthiyoM ke mastaka bhI kATa diye jAte haiM jisase zatru ke hAtha kucha na pdd'e| isa avasara para rAniyA~ tathA rAjakumAriyAM citA meM praveza kara 'jauhara' vrata kA pAlana karatI haiM aura bace hue raNavIra durga ke phATaka kholakara yuddha meM utara jAte haiN| jauhara kI bhISaNa jvAlA ke mAtha yuddha kI pragati bhayaMkara rUpa dhAraNa karatI hai aura eka-eka sainika yuddha meM naSTa hokara apane jIvana ko saphala banAtA hai| isa yuddha-kauzala ke varNana se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki nayacandra sUri apane samaya taka pracalita yuddha paddhati se bhalI-bhAMti paricita thA / sambhavata: cauhAna hrAsa ke sAtha yaha paddhati Age calakara nayA mor3a letI hai| durga kI rakSA meM sarvanAza kI sthiti meM mara-miTane kI paramparA yahA~ se Age calakara samApta hotI hai, jisase hamArA kavi paricita nahIM thaa| rAjapUtoM kA Age kA itihAsa isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki do vibhinna mocoM ko banAkara yuddhasthala se bacakara nikalane tathA zatru dala ko chakAne kI vyavasthA isa balidAna se bAda rAjapUta sIkha cuke the| kAmarAna ke sAtha hone vAle jaitasI kA yuddha tathA haldIghATI meM lar3e jAne vAle yuddha meM rANA pratApa kA bacakara nikalanA evaM yuddha kI pragati ko banAye rakhanA aura yuddha kAla ko lambA kara vijayI hone kI yukti nikAlanA isa paramparAgata yuddha-zailI ko chor3anA siddha karatI hai / mugaloM ke sAtha hone vAle Age ke yuddha isa sthiti ko adhika spaSTa kara dete haiN| auraMgajeba ke samaya sIsodiyA-rAThaur3a saMgha ke 1680-1681 I. AkramaNa aura pratyAkramaNa kI kahAniyAM bhI naI yuddha zailI kI gati-vidhi ke acche pramANa haiN| 1. kAnhar3ade prabandha, pra0 4, pa0 45. 2. amarakAvya vaMzAvalI, patra 38 ka. 3. hammIra mahAkAvya sarga 13, zloka 36-47. 4. vahI, sarga 13, zloka 1-38. 5. hammIrakAvya, sarga 13, zloka 168-186 ; hammIrAyaNa, pR0 131; phatUhAta, 267 ; kembrija hisTrI oNpha iNDiyA, bhAga 3, pR0 517 ; haravilAsa, hammIra, pR0 44 ; lAla-hisTrI oNpha khilajIja, pR0 63-64. 6, rAva jaitasI ro chanda. 7. amarakAvya vaMzAvalI, patra 44 ; akabaranAmA, bhA0 3, pR0 166. 8. mAsira-e-AlamagIrI, pR0 165-66 ; rAjavilAsa, sarga 11-14.