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________________ NANasAyara, dillI disambara, mUla bhASA meM ghusa-paiTa 1993 . DaoN. ke.Ara. candrA, ahamadAbAda ma. mahAvIra ke upadezoM kI mUla ardhamAgadhI bhASA hamAre hI pramAda ke kAraNa kitanI badala gapI aura use punaH stApita karane ke lie eka navIna saMsthA kA gAna anijAyaM sA bana gayA hai| mana saMsAra kI koI bhI bhASA apane mUla svarUpa meM hamezA ke lie logoM ke vyavahAra kI bhASA nahIM rahI hai| kSetra kSetra ke anusAra aura kAlakrama ke anmaa| vaha badalatI jAtI hai| bhArata meM hI prAcInatama kAla meM andam (veToM kI bhASA) hA logoM kI bhASA thI phira saMskRta ke nAma se eka nayI bhASA aayii| usI prakAra prAkRta bhASA bhI lokabhASA rahI paraMtu kAlAnukrama evaM kSetra ke anusAra usakA pika vikAsa hotA rahA-aitihAsika aura prAdezika / isa vikAsa meM prAkRta bhASA ne aneka nAma dhAraNa kiye-pAli (bauddha piTakoM kI), mAgadhI (magadha deza kI), ardhamAgadhI (artha magadha deza kI, jaina AgamoM kI bhASA) paizAcI (uttara pazcima bhAgna gI/paka mAnyatA ke anusAra), zaurasenI (zUrasena-mathurA kI), mahArASTrI (pazcima bhAgna kI, mahArASTra-gujarAta pazcima rAjasthAna kI) aura phira apabhraMza ke rUpa meM sAre unA bhArata kI bolacAla evaM vyavahAra kI janabhASA ke rUpa meM vikasita hotI gayI aura nAnA rUpa dhAraNa karatI gyii| inameM se aba koI bhI bhASA bhArata kI bAla-cAla kI bhASA nahIM rhii| parivAra kI ina bhASAoM meM se nikalI huI Ajakala kI bhASAyaM haiM- gujaratI. parAThI, hindI, paMjAbI, siMdhI, rAjasthAnI, AgyiA. asamI, baMgAlI ityAdi / ina sabhI bhASAoM kI apanI apanI vishesstaaeN| ataH ve eka dUsare se alaga alaga vyaktitva lie hue haiN| hareka pradeza kI bhASA kI bhI bhinna bhinna boliyA~ hai-jaise rAjarasAnI meM-mAravADI, bar3I mAravADI, mevADI, mevAnI, no gajagana meM sUratI, bhAvanagarI, pAlanapurI, kacchI, soraThI, amadAvATI, ityaadi| yaha eka aTala niyama hai ki bolacAla kI bhASA vyAkaraNa ke zAstrIya niyamoM kI ver3iyoM meM jakar3I huI nahIM rahatI, vaha hamezA badalatI hI rahatI hai| jisa prakAra vedoM kI bhASA gandas ke nAma se jAnI jAnI jisameM se saMmphana bhASA kA udbhava huA usI prakAra bauddha dharma kI bhASA pAli rhii| jaina dharma ke prAcInatama dharmagranthoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI ke nAma se prasiddha hai aura nA sAnidhya jana ardhamAgadhI Agama ke nAma se suvikhyAta hai| jisa pradeza meM bha. mahAvIra ne apane maulika upadeza artha-sma meM die the usI ke AdhAra para usakA nAma ardhamAgadhI (magadha kI. paranA, rAjagRha, ityAdi) pdd'aa| guru-ziSya paramparA se maukhika rUpa meM dvAdazAMgI evaMba,Agama gA kI ....--.-- NANasAyara-gompaTezyA aMka: 109 anya dillI.
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________________ paraMparA saMkar3oM varSoM taka cAnU rhii| bIca bIca meM antarAla se duSkAla par3ane ke kAraNa punaH punaH AgamoM.... vAcanA kI gayI aura antima vAcanA ke samaya pAMca-chaTI jatAbdI pU. devarSigaNi ne valabhI meM (eka paraMparA ke anusAra) use lipivadra mUla upadaMza kA sthala magadha- Ajakala kA bihAra raajyaayaa| kAla-krama se dharma kA prasAra bar3hatA gayA aura eka samaya madhurA jana dharma kA bahuta bar3A kendra rahA to Age calakara balabhI (gujagana jaina dharma kA kaMndra rahA / isa kSetrAntara aura kAlAntara ke dAmyAna mUla bhASA meM parivartana Aye vinA nahIM rahe, mUla ardhamAgadhI meM prAdezika raMga lagana gaye / usa kAla kI pazcima bhAgna kI mahArASTrI prAkana kA usa para savasa adhika prabhAva par3A hai jo hama Amama mAritya meM sthala-sthala para draSTigAMcA nA hai| AgamoM kI mUla bhASA sarvatra apane maulika rUpa meM nahIM vaSa rAne kA yaha eka mahatvapUrNa kAraNa hai tA dusaga kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki paidika parampaga kI jagaha zramaNa paramparA meM zata-bhASA para bhAra nahIM thA jisase vaha kAlakrama Ara kSetrAntara ke prabhAva se bacakA mUla sma meM aparivartita banI rhe| zramaNa paraMparA meM artha para bhAra thA / jahA~ bhI muni varga jAeM ve vahAM kI bhASA meM bha. mahAvIra ke upadeza smnaaeN| isa paraMparA ke kAraNa mUla bhASA meM parivartana Ane anivArya the| AgamoM ke lipivaddha ho jAne ke bAda eka naga Adeza diyA gayA ki unameM kisI akSara, mAtrA, vyaMjana, zabda, vAkyAMza kA bhI pheraphAra nahIM honA caahie| yadi koI pheraphAra karegA to use bhASA ke aticAra kA doSa lagegA aura prAyazcita karanA pdd'egaa| itanA kar3A niyama hone ke bAvajUda bhI hareka vAcanA Tene vAle AcArya, hareka pAThaka aura hareka pratilipikAra ke hAtha mUlabhASA kahIM para alpAMza meM to kahIM para adhikAMza meM badalatI hI gayI kyoMki ina saba para usa usa kAla kI badalI huI cAlU bhASA, jana-bhASA, loka-bhASA kA prabhAva par3A ataH prAcIna bhASA jAne-anajAne badalanI hI gyii| isa parivartana ke pramANa hameM hara hastaprata meM cAhe vaha tADapatra kI purAnI prati ho yA kAgaja kI paravartI kAla kI prati ho unameM dekhane ko milate haiN| isI kAraNa AgamoM ke jo jo saMskaraNa hameM upalabdha ho rahe hUM una saba meM bhASika eka-sAnA nahIM hai kyoMki kisI saMpAdaka ne amuka hasnapranA kA AdhAra liyA to kisI ne kisI anya pratiyoM kA AdhAra lekara sampAdana kiyaa| eka bhI saMskaraNa aisA nahIM hai jisameM sthala sthala para eka hI zabda ke eka samAna pATa milate ho vA eka bhI saMskaraNa dUsare saMskaraNa ke sAtha pAThoM kI dRSTi se eka-spa ho| itanA hI nahIM paraMtu mUla sUtroM (Agama graMtha) ke pAToM tathA unakI TIkAoM yAkana meM cUrNi aura saMskRta meM vRtti ke pAToM meM bhI antara pAyA jAtA hai| cUrNi meM prAcIna pATa surakSita haiM to... mUla sUtroM meM uttaravartI pATa ghusa gaye haiN| vRtti meM bhI aisA hI dekhane ko milatA hai| ye saba viSamatAeM ghara kara gayI hai Ara koI bhI saMpAdaka mAtra kisI eka hI hastaprata ko Adarza mAnakara usase pranivaTa hokara sampAdana karatA hai to vaha kSatiyukta hI hotA hai| AnuSaMgika anya sAkSyoM kA (AdarzA, cUrNi, TIkA Adi kA sahArA lenA anivArya hotA hai anyathA hareka saMpAdana Ara hareka saMskaraNa meM bhASika bheda vane hI rheNge| isa viSamatA ko dUra karane ke lie tathA mRtabhASA ko pratisthApita karane ke lie eka hI upAya hai aura vaha yaha ki mUla sUtroM kI pratiyAM, cUrNi aura TIkA meM jo jo pATAntara mila rahe haiM unameM se kauna sA pATa bhASA kI dRSTi se prAcInatama hai use svIkAra kiyA jAnA caahie| yadi yaha siddhAnta mAna liyA jAya to phira eka hI saMskaraNa yA alaga alaga saMskaraNoM meM bhASA kI koI viSamatA nahIM rahegI aura usakI ekarUpatA Aga ke naye saMskaraNoM meM svataH A jaaegii| paraMta isa kArya ke lie prAkRta bhASAoM kA gahana aitihAsika evaM tulanAtmaka jJAna honA anivArya hai, mAtra hamacandrocArya ke prArata vyAkaraNa ke adhyayana se kArya nahIM calegA jasAki Agama-prabhAkara muni zrI pUvijayajI apane 'kalpasUtra' kI bhUmikA meM pharamA gaye hai| yadi hama apane pUrvagrahoM ko nahIM chor3eMge aura lakIra ke phakIra bane rahanA cAheMge to yaha udAra kA kArya nahIM hogaa| bhASika dRSTi se navIna saMpAdana kA kArya karane se AzAtanA aura karma bandhana hone Adi kI raTa lagAnA vastusthiti se mu~ha mor3anA hogaa| - ekAnta-anekAnta, dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke pariprekSya meM viSaya kI gambhIratA para ciMtana mAnA cAhie tabhI para satya kA udghATana hogA, vAstavikatA prakAza meM AegI aura viSaya kA samyaga yodha hogaa| bhASA sambandhI bAr3e se udAharaNa dekara aba isa viSaya ko spaSTa kiyA jaaegaa| pahale Ajakala kI bhASAoM ke udAharaNa prastuta kie jAeMge tatpazcAt jaina AgamoM kI ardhamAgadhI bhASA ke| ___hara kAla aura hara kSetra meM alaga alaga bhASAeM calatI haiN| kisI eka bhASA ke viziSTa prayoga dUsarI bhASA para thope nahIM jAte aura yadi aisA kara diyA jAe no vaha prayoga hI galata ho jAtA hai| hindI, gujarAtI aura mAravADI alaga alaga bhASAeM haiM, unake hI bhASA-prayoga dekheN| (9) hindI hama isa gAMva ke nivAsI haiN| gujarAtI ame A gAmA rahevAsI chii| nA mAravADI : me (mhe) aNa gaMmarA revAsI ho| (2) hindI terA kyA nAma hai| gutagatI : tAzuM nAma che? mAravADI thAeM kA noma hai? (3) hindI : mere lie pAnI laao| gujarAtI : mArA mATe pANI laavo| mAravADI : mAre hAsU poNI lAvo / (4) hindI : use kyA karanA hai| gANasAyara-gomaTezvara aMka: 111 - ----- - . -110:: NANamAyA gAmmAyA ra dillI dillI
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________________ gujarAtI teNe zuM kakhuM che / mAravADI : uNare kaMI karaNo hai| aMba ina cAra vAkyoM ko koI mizrita bhASA meM unakI khicar3I banAkara bole yA likhe to kyA vaha kisI eka bhASA kI dRSTi se zuddha mAnA jAegA? udAharaNArtha(1) hama A gAmanA revAsI ho; ame aNa gAMva ke nivAsI ho, meM isa gomarA rahebAsI chiio| (2) terA zuM noma che; tAraM kyA nAma hai, dhAraM zuM noma hai| (3) mere mATe poNI lAo; mArA lie pANI lAvo mAre hAruM pAnI lAvo / . (4) use zuM karaNo hai; teNe kaMDa karanA hai; uNare kyA kabuM che / artha kI dRSTi se sahI ho paraMtu bhASika dRSTi se ye saba prayoga sahI nahIM khlaaeNge| Agama graMthoM kI hastapratoM meM pATAntaroM ke jaMgala ko dekhakara hI Agama prabhAkara pU. muni zrI puNyavijayajI ko 'kalpasUtra' kI bhUmikA meM kahanA par3A ki AgamoM kI ardhamAgadhI bhASA khicar3I bana gayI hai aura mUla prAcIna bhASA ko khoja nikAlanA duSkara sA ho gayA hai| pU. mahAprajJa yuvAcAryajI ne bhI 'Agama sampAdana kI samasyAeM' meM ucita hI kahA hai ki yaha saba (yAni pAThAntaroM kA jaMgala) hamAre pramAda ke kAraNa hI huA haiN| ina abhiprAyoM se spaSTa hai ki mUla prAcIna bhASA kI dRSTi se AgamoM ke punaH sampAdana kI AvazyakatA abhI bhI banI huI hI hai| viSaya kI spaSTatA ke lie prAcInatama AgamagraMtha 'AdhArAMga' ke vibhinna saMskaraNoM meM jo pAThAntara milate haiM unameM se kucha zabdoM ke udAharaNa nIce diye jA rahe haiN| spaSTatayA ke lie 7 9 sUtra mahAvIra jaina zabriMga naM. vidyAlaya, mahodaya, bambaI jarmanI annatara NAta bhavati 2 3 logAvAdI 'zabda aura saMskaraNoM ke nAma 7 bhagavatA 13 ahitAe 14 udara 20 vijahittA annayara nAya bhavai logAvAI bhagavayA ahiyAe uyara vijahittu 112:: Agamodaya samiti mahesANA aNNayara NAya bhavati loyAvAdI bhagavatA ahiAe udara viyahittA jaina vizva bhAratI lADanUM aNNayara NAta bhavai logAvAI bhagavayA ahiAe upara viyahittu mANasAyA - gommaTezvara aMka dillI hindI artha artha anya koI jJAta hotA hai saMsAravAdI bhagavAna ke dvArA ahitakArI peTa tyAgakara alaga alaga saMskaraNoM meM hI pAThoM kI bhinnatA ho aisA hI nahIM hai, eka hI saMskaraNa meM eka hI zabda ke vibhinna pATha bhI milate haiN| zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya ke 'AcArAMga' ke saMskaraNa ke hI (graMtha ke anta meM dI gayI zabda-sUcI ke anusAra) kucha zabda dekhie / 1. yathA (jisa prakAra ) 2. ekadA ( eka bAra) 3. loke (saMsAra meM) 4. kSetrajJa (jJAnI) = jahA, ahA = egadA, egayA = lokasi, logaMsi, loyaMsi = khettaNNa, khetaNNa, kheyaNNa hastapratoM meM to pAThAntara itane adhika pramANa meM mila rahe haiM ki Agama prabhAkara pU. muni zrI puNyavijayajI ( kalpasUtra kI prastAvanA) ko use pAThAntaroM kA jaMgala hI kahanA pdd'aa| isa bAta ko spaSTa karane ke lie khaMbhAta, pATana, pUnA, jesalamera, ahamadAbAda Adi meM mila rahI 'AcArAMga' kI tADapatra aura kAgaja kI hastapratoM meM se kucha pratoM meM se kucha zabdoM ke udAharaNa prastuta kiye jA rahe haiN| hastapratoM meM upalabdha prAkRta zabda naM. saMskRta zabda yathA = jaise ekadA = eka bAra pravedita = pratipAdita loke = saMsAra meM 9 2 3 4 * kSetrajJa = jJAnI jayA, jahA, aghA, ahA ekadA, egadA, egatA, egayA pavedita, pavetita, pavetiya (paveiya) logassiM lokasi, logasi, loyasi, lokammi, logami, loyami khettanna, khetanna, khedanna, kheanna, kheyanna, khettaNNa, khetaNNa, khittaNNa, khedaNNa, kheaNNa, kheyaNNa ta kesAtha AgamoM se kucha aura zabdoM ke pATabheda dekhie : medhAvI, mehAvI; ahitAe, ahiyAe: abodhIe, abohIe; sadA, satA sayA anitiya, aNiiya, anicca, aNicca; nagara, nagara, nayara, Nayara; attA, AtA, appA, AyA (AtmA): bhavitavvaM, bhavidavvaM, bhaviyavvaM, ityAdi / isa prakAra eka hI saMskaraNa meM yA alaga alaga saMskaraNoM meM tathA vibhinna hastapratoM meM kAlakrama se aura kSetrAntara ke kAraNa badalatI huI pracalita bhASAoM ke prabhAva ke kAraNa jAne-anajAne yA apane hI pramAda ke kAraNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM kI mUla ardhamAgadhI bhASA ko surakSita banAye rakhane kI tarapha upekSA bhAva' ke kAraNa (upalabdha ho rahe saMskaraNoM meM) bhASA kA jo svarUpa mila rahA hai vaha prAcIna ardhamAgadhI ke sAtha sarvatra samAnatA nahIM rakhatA hai| mUla prAcIna ardhamAgadhI bhASA ko prasthApita karane ke lie atyanna parizrama aura dhairya kI AvazyakatA hogii| vibhinna hastapranoM meM se bhASika dRSTi se prAcIna NANasAvara gommaTezvara aMka 113 dillI banAye
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________________ pAToM ko khoja nikAlanA hogaa| yaha kArya kisI eka vyakti kA nahIM hai paraMtu kisI eka saMsthA ko yaha kArya uThA lenA caahie| nIce eka hI pATa ke uttaravartI aura prAcIna prayogoM ke kucha udAharaNoM ke sAtha yaha lekha samApta kiyA jAtA hai| nIce naM. 1 meM majaivi kA pATha hai aura naM. 2 meM vividha hastapratoM meM milane vAle bambaI prAcIna pATa diye gaye haiN| (7) 1. suyaM me AusaM? teNaM bhagavayA evaM akvAyaM 2. sutaM me AusaMte? gaM bhagavatA evaM akvAtaM 1. atyi me AyA uvavAie 2. atthi me AtA obavAdie 1. tatya khalu bhagavayA pariNNA paveDyA 2. tatya khalu bhagavatA parinnA paveditA (4) 1. taM se ahiyAga, taM me abohIe 2. taM me hitAe, taM se abodhIe isameM spaSTa hai ki yadi bhASA kI ghusa-paiTha ko niSkAsita karake prAcInatA ko sthApita karanA hai to bhASika dRSTi se ardhamAgadhI ke Agama graMthoM ko punaH sampAdita kiyA jAnA cAhie aura nizcinta hokara yaha bhI samajha lenA cAhie ki isa prakAra ke sampAdana se mUta artha meM kahIM para bhI alpAMza meM bhI koI antara malA nahIM AegA paraMtu isase to hama ulaTe apane gaNadharoM kI bhASA ke nikaTa hI phuNceNge| zrI mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya ke saMskaraNa ke sAtha anya saMskaraNoM kI tulanA karane para usameM isI prakAra kI aMzataH bhASika pragati siddha hotI hai aura aba isase bhI Age bar3hane kI AvazyakatA hai jo sarvathA hastapratoM ke aura AgamoM ke prAcIna pAToM ke AdhAra para hI eka navIna saMskaraNa taiyAra hogaa| zubhakAmanAyeM : mai0 varddhamAna DAIkAsTiMga inDasTrIja 10, baiMka kaoNlonI, mairisa roDa, alIgar3ha (u0 pra0)-202001