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________________ mahilA samAja ko mahAvIra - darzana kI dena san 1975 kA varSa hamane antarrASTrIya mahilA varSa ke rUpa meM mnaayaa| isake daurAna mahilAoM kI pArivArika, sAmAjika, Arthika, rAjanaitika svataMtratA kI samasyAoM ke sambandha meM cintana claa| yaha harSa kA viSaya hai ki Aja ke zikSita puruSavarga ne nArI svAtaMtrya ke isa mahatva ko samajhA hai aura vaha bhI isa ora pahala kara rahA hai / yaha tathya dhyAna dene yogya hai ki isa samasyA kI ora Aja se 2500 varSa pUrva bhagavAna mahAvIra kA dhyAna gayA thaa| unhoMne nArI ko kevala Arthika aura sAmAjika svataMtratA dene kI bAta hI nahIM kahIM, varan isase bhI Age bar3hakara nArI ko apane samagra vyaktitva kA vikAsa karane ke liye AdhyAtmika svataMtratA dene kI bAta bhI kahI / mahAvIrakAlIna samAja meM nArI kI sthiti bar3I kharAba thI / use dharma ke bola sunane kA adhikAra nahIM thA / gAjara, mUlI, bher3a, bakariyoM kI bhAMti vaha caurAhoM para khar3I kara beca dI jAtI thI / bar3e-bar3e seTha, zrImanta use kharIda lete aura usakA upayoga dAsI kI taraha karate / isa prasaMga meM kumArI candanA kI usa ghaTanA ko hama vismRta nahIM kara sakate jaba eka sArathI ne use cA~dI ke caMda Tukar3oM ke khAtira eka vaizyA ke hAthoM sauMpA thA / vaizyA ke ghara nita naye bharatAra karane aura rasIle mAdaka padArtha sevana kI bAta suna kumArI candanA kA dila ro pdd'aa| usane usake sAtha jAne se inkAra kara diyA / taba vaha ghanA zreSThI ke hAthoM meM becI gii| vahA~ use dAsI kA kAma karanA par3A / candanA kI bhAMti na jAne kitanI nAriyoM ko usa samaya dAsatA kI jaMjIroM meM jaMkar3a kara jIvana bitAnA par3A hogA / nArI svAtaMtrya ke hAmI mahAvIra ko yaha saba kahAM baradAzta vI. ni. saM. 2503 DaoN. zrImatI zAntA bhAnAvata thA ? samAja meM pada dalita aura upekSita samajhI jAne vAlI nArI jAti ke uddhAra ke liye hI to unhoMne apane sAdhanA kAla ke rahe varSa meM eka kaThora abhigraha dhAraNa kiyA thA, koI rAjakumArI dAsI banI huI ho, usake hAtho meM sUpa ho, jisake kone meM ur3ada ke bAle par3e hoM, vaha dehalI ke bIca khar3I ho hAthoM meM hathakar3iyAM aura pairoM meM ber3iyAM par3I hoM, sira muMDita ho, A~khoM meM azru aura oThoM para muskAna ho, vaha svayaM tIna dina kI bhUkhI ho, bhikSA kA samaya bIta gayA ho| aisI sthiti meM yadi koI rAjakumArI mujhe bhikSA degI tabhI meM AhAra grahaNa karUMgA, anyathA bhUkhA hI rahUMgA / mahAvIra ko isI saMkalpa meM nirAhAra vicaraNa karate-karate pA~ca mAha paccIsa dina bIta gye| isa bIca aneka rAjAoM ne unakI SaTarasa vyanjana kI khUba manuhAra kI para unhoMne sirpha udara pUrti hI nahIM karanI thI / ve to padadalita samajhI jAne vAlI nArI se bhikSA lekara usake pada ko gauravAnvita karanA cAhate the / mahAvIra kA yaha abhaya dAsI banI rAjakumArI candanabAlA ke hAthoM pUrA huA / phira prabhu mahAvIra se pratibodha pAkara candanabAlA ne dIkSA aMgIkAra kii| prabhu mahAvIra ne apane dharma saMgha meM puruSa kI bhAMti nArI ko bhI sammilita kiyA / unhoMne kahA - nArI va puruSa kI AtmA eka hai| puruSoM kI bhAMti nAriyoM ko bhI apane vikAsa kI pUrNa svataMtratA hai / nArI ko puruSa se heya samajhanA, ajJAna, adharma aura atArkika hai / prabhu mahAvIra ne kahA vAsanA, vikAra aura karma jAla ko kATa kara nArI mokSa kI adhikAriNI bana sakatI hai / use bhI niHsaMkoca dharmopadeza sunane kA vaisA hI adhikAra hai jaisA puruSa ko hai| prabhu mahAvIra kI vANI se prerita ho jayantI zrAvikA ne unase aneka tAtvika prazna pUche the| apane praznoM kA sahI samAdhAna pA jayantI ne mahAvIra ke pAsa dIkSA aMgIkAra kI / 137
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________________ prabhu mahAvIra kI vANI se prabhAvita ho aneka nAriyoM ne sAdhanA kA mArga apnaayaa| yahI kAraNa thA ki unake dharma saMgha meM puruSa kI apekSA striyoM kI saMkhyA adhika thI / caudaha hajAra sAdhu the, to chattIsa hajAra sAdhviyAM, unasaTha hajAra zrAvaka the to tIna lAkha aThAraha hajAra zrAvikAe~ / mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM nArI kI mAtRtva zakti kA bar3A sammAna thA / unhoMne mAtA trizalA ke apAra vAtsalya bhAva ko garbha kAla meM hI anubhava kara liyA thaa| isI kAraNa ve bairAgI banakara cupacApa ghara chor3a kara nahIM gaye / aThThAisa varSa kI umra meM dIkSA lene kI unhoMne bar3e bhAI naMdIvarddhana se anumati mAMgI / jaba bhAI ne anumati nahIM dI to ve bhAI, patnI, bahana, abodha putrI kI maka bhAvanAoM kA Adara kara, do varSa taka aura gahastha jIvana meM rahe / ___ bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane samaya meM , svAtaMtrya kI dizA meM nArI ko puruSa ke barAbara Atma kalyANa ke adhikAra dekara bahuta krAMti kI thii| para bar3e dukhaH kI bAta hai ki nArI mukti kI dizA meM mahAvIra kA kiyA gayA prayatna Age calakara phira dhUmila par3a gayA / madhya yuga taka Ate Ate nArI bAla vivAha, pardA prathA, aMdhavizvAsa, dAsatva, nirakSaratA, jaisI kurItiyoM meM phira kaida ho gaI aura usakA vyaktitva daba gyaa| 18 vI 19 vIM zatI meM nArI sudhAra kI dizA meM phira aneka AMdolana gatizIla hue| phalasvarUpa bhAratIya saMvidhAna meM nArI aura puruSa ke adhikAroM meM kisI prakAra kA bheda nahIM rhaa| use vayaska matAdhikAra diyA gayA jo vizva itihAsa meM eka mahatvapUrNa upalabdhi hai / bauddhika dRSTi se bhAratIya nArI puruSa kI apekSA kisI bhI taraha kama nahIM rhii| hamAre deza meM mahilAeM pradhAnamaMtrI, rAjadUta, rAjyapAla raha cukI haiN| ve maMtrI, saMsada sadasyA, iMjIniyara, pAyaleTa, chAtAdhArI sainika, sabhI kucha haiN| rojagAra ke sabhI kSetra unake liye khule haiM / bhAratIya nArI parizrama se jI carAne vAlI bhI nahIM hai| pratiyogI parIkSAoM meM ve puruSoM se bhI Age bar3ha rahI haiN| itanA hone para bhI Aja jaba hama apane pArivArika, sAmAjika aura rASTrIya jIvana para dRSTi DAlate haiM to hameM cAroM ora azAMti, anaikitA,bhraSTAcAra,rizvata khorI, bhAI-bhatIjAvAda ke darzana hote haiN| Aja ke mAnava kA lakSya yenakena prakAreNa dhana kamAnA hI bana gayA hai| dhana kI tRSNA usake mana meM dina-rAta bar3hatI jA rahI hai / vaha hajArapati hai to lakhapati bananA cAhatA hai aura lakhapati hai to karor3apati / vyakti kI ye baDhatI huI icchAeM use anaitika kArya karane kI ora pravRtta karatI haiM / unhIM ke vazIbhUta ho vaha garIboM kA peTa kATa kara apanA ghara bharatA hai / deza meM bar3hatI huI janasaMkhyA, maMhagAI, bekArI, vilAsapriyatA, phezanapriyatA Adi ne vyakti ko patha bhraSTa kara diyA hai / Aja mAnava kI dRSTi bhI vikAragrasta bana gaI hai / use gande-azlIla citra dekhane meM Ananda AtA hai| Aja vyakti ke vicAra bhI vikAragrasta banate jA rahe haiM / vaha svayaM khAnA, pInA aura mauja karanA cAhatA hai| dUsare ko khAte pIte dekha vaha svayaM usase IrSyA karatA hai| vRddha mAtA pitA kI sevA suzrUSA meM use lajjA kI anubhUti hotI hai| Aja kA vyakti vinaya ko tilAMjali de, ucchakhala banatA jA rahA hai| ina saba duSkRtiyoM kA pariNAma yaha ho rahA hai ki hamAre jIvana meM ghora nirAzAeM, kuNThAeM, vyApta ho gaI haiN| bauddhika aura Arthika jagata meM hamane AzAtIta pragati kI hai jisase hameM kAphI bhautika sukha-suvidhAeM milane lagI haiM / para hamAre viveka. zraddhA aura caritra kA srota sUkha jAne se mAnasika zAMti naSTa ho gaI hai / mAnasika zAMti hI saba sukhoM kA mUla hai| duniyA kI samasta bhoga sAmagrI vyakti ko upalabdha hai para yadi usakI AtmA ko zAMti nahIM to vaha vipula sAmagrI usake liye klezakArI hogii| isI mAnasika zAMti ko prApta karane ke liye parivAra, samAja aura rASTra meM vyApta sabhI kurItiyoM ko dUra karanA hogaa| ina kurItiyoM ko dUra karane meM nArI hI vizeSa pahala kara sakatI hai| vahI parivAra aura samAja kI kendra hai| prakRti se usakA kArya kSetra bAharI nahIM, bhItarI hai| vahI ghara kI AMtarika samasyAoM ko sulajhAtI hai| yadi usako dRSTi samyak hogI to vaha kama AmadanI meM ghara kharca calA legii| vaha phezana va vilAsa kI sAmagrI tathA anaitika tarIke se kamAye gaye dhana kA svAgata nahIM kara, bhraSTAcAra kI bAr3ha ko rokane kA prayatna kregii| parivAra ko ucchaM khala nahIM banane degI / pArivArika sadasyoM meM vinaya, kSamA, premavRtti, jaise guNoM kA vikAsa kregii| ina guNoM kA vikAza vaha bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura parigraha va parimANa vrata se kara sakatI hai / yahA~ saMkSepa meM unakA paricaya prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai - 1. ahiMsA nArI ko ahiMsA meM pUrA vizvAsa rakhanA cAhiye / ahiMsA zabda kA artha hai kisI kI hiMsA nahIM karanA, kisI ko nahIM maarnaa| hiMsA kA mukhya kAraNa pramAda hai ye pramAda pA~ca prakAra ke hote haiM- 1.iMdriyoM kI viSayAsakti, 2.krodha, mAna mAyA Adi manovega 3. Alasya va asAvadhAnI, 4. nindA, 5. moha-rAga-dveSa Adi / ye pA~coM pramAda hRdaya ko vikRta banAte haiM jisase amaitrI aura kalaha kI vRddhi hotI hai| isaliye nArI ko sadaiva ina pramAdoM se dUra rahanA cAhiye use socanA cAhiye - sabhI jIva jInA cAhate hai, maranA koI nahIM / jaisA vyavahAra mujhe apane liye pasanda nahIM hai, vaisA vyavahAra mujhe dUsaroM ke sAtha bhI nahIM karanA cAhiye / krodha meM Akara binA kAraNa baccoM ko mAranA-pITanA, daMDa denA, gAlI denA, unake prANoM ko kaSTa pahuMcAnA bhI hisA hai / apane ko dUsaroM se bar3A mAna kara ghamaNDa karanA, kisI kA apamAna karanA, kisI ke gupta rahasya ko prakaTa karanA, kapaTa pUrvaka vyavahAra karanA, viSaya bhoga kI vastuoM kA saMgraha karanA, Amoda-pramoda aura svAda ke vazIbhUta hokara zarAba, mAMsa Adi abhakSya padArthoM kA sevana karanA yA sevana karane vAle kI sarAhanA karanA bhI hiMsA hai| 138 rAjendra-jyoti
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________________ .. musIbata meM ghabarAkara, yA krodha meM Akara AtmaghAta karanA bhI hiMsA hai. kyoMki AtmaghAtI bhaya, krodha, apamAna, lobha, kAyaratA Adi durguNoM se prerita hokara hiMsA karatA hai| ye durguNa sadguNoM kA nAza karate haiM / isaliye mahilAoM ko aise kukarma se bacanA caahiye| 2. satya ___mahilAoM ko satya meM pUrNa niSThA rakhanI cAhiye / ghara meM kisI sadasya ko jhUThI prazaMsA karanA, jAlI hastAkSara karanA, ghara meM kisI dUsare kI vastu rakhakara use dene se iMkAra karanA, kisI kI jhUThI bAta banAnA jaisI duSpravRttiyoM se nArI ko bacanA cAhiye parivAra ko jhUThe AcaraNa se bacAne ke liye svayaM ke jIvana ko pUrNa satyaniSTha banAnA usakA prathama kartavya hai| 3. acaurya mahilAoM ko kisI prakAra ke caurya karma meM sahAyaka nahIM bananA cAhiye / corI hI samasta burAiyoM kI jar3a hai / isI se samAja meM anaitikatA phailatI hai| kisI par3ausI yA anya kisI kI cIja binA usase pUche cora vRtti se lenA, corI kA mAla kharIdanA, cora ko corI karane meM kisI prakAra kI madada denA, nakalI vastu ko asalI batAnA, milAvaTa karanA, nApa taula' meM dhokhebAjI karanA, Teksa corI karanA / ye saba corI haiM / yadi parivAra ke vyakti milAvaTa yA dhokhAdhar3I kA kArya karate hoM to unakI isa vRtti ko rokanA nArI kA prathama kartavya hai / isa vrata ke pAlana. se sampatti kA apaharaNa miTakara nyAya nIti kA prasAra hotA hai| ___Aja mahilAoM meM taskara vRtti se lAI gaI videzI vastueM kharIdane kI pravRtti bahuta jyAdA bar3ha gaI hai / yaha bhI bahuta bar3I rASTrIya corI hai| isa corI se svAvalambana kI bhAvanA ko Thesa pahuMcatI hai ataH isakI rokathAma meM mahilAoM ko prabhAvakArI bhUmikA nibhAnI caahie| 4. brahmacarya nArI ko brahmacarya kA pAlana karate hue svapati saMtoSa rakhanA cAhiye / Aja pAzcAtya saMskRti ke prabhAva se hamAre deza kI nAriyoM meM bhI seksa kI khulI chUTa kI mAMga bar3hatI jA rahI hai| saste prema ke nAma para kaI ghRNita aura kutsita vyApAra calate haiM / phalasvarUpa samAja aura rASTra meM anaitikatA panapa rahI hai / brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana karane vAlI nArI nagna nRtya, azlIla gAyana, vaizyAvRtti tathA anya kutsita ceSTAoM se sadaiva dUra rahatI hai / usakA eka mAtra lakSya rahatA hai- prANa jAya para zIla dharma na jAya, zIla dharma kI rakSArtha use prANa bhI gaMvAne par3e to vaha hicakatI nhiiN| nArI ke zIla aura saMyama pAlana se pUre parivAra ko saMskArazIla banAne meM bar3I madada milatI hai / apane caritra se vaha pUrI pIr3hI ko prabhAvita karatI hai / 5. parigraha parimANa isa vrata ko pAlana karane vAlI nArI meM dhana ke prati Asakti nahIM hotii| vaha dhana dhAnya kI nizcita maryAdA kara letI hai / usase adhika dhana kA saMgraha vaha nahIM krtii| yoM to icchAeM AkAza ke samAna ananta hotI haiN| dhana, dhAnya, sonA, cAMdI Adi kI nizcita maryAdA kara vaha bar3hatI huI icchAoM para aMkuza la gA detI hai / isa ke pAlana se samAja meM Arthika viSamatA miTakara samatA va zAMti kA prasAra hotA hai| samAja meM vyApta apaharaNa, zoSa ga, corI Adi burAiyA~ isase rukatI haiN| isa prakAra jIvana meM ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura parigraha parimANa Adi brata dhAraNa karane se parivAra aura samAja meM prema, AtmIyatA, sahRdayatA, vizvAsa, prAmANikatA, naitikatA, samatA Adi sadguNoM kI bhAvanA kA pracAra-prasAra hotA hai| jIvana anuzAsita, niyamita va kartavyaniSTha banatA hai| nArI sadA se sevA parAyaNa, sahanazIla aura tyAga kI mUrti rahI hai / Aja jahA~ hameM nArI ko bAhya karItiyoM se makta karanA hai, vahA~ usake Antarika jagata ko vikasita karane ke bhI suniyojita prayatna karane Avazyaka haiM / kyoMki sadAcAra, naitikatA, ImAnadArI, kartavyaparAyaNatA jaise guNa usake Antarika jagata meM hI sthita rahate haiM aura usI se vikasita rahakara unheM bAhya jagata meM anyatra phailane-panapane kA avasara milatA hai / isake liye mahilA svAdhyAya kendra, mahilA naitika zikSaNa zivira, mahilA sAhitya pariSada jaise sAMskRtika saMgaThana khar3e kiye jAne caahiye| mAnava meM manujatA kA prakAza satya, zaurya, udAratA, saMyama Adi guNoM se hI hotA hai| jisameM guNa nahIM usameM mAnavatA nahIM, andhakAra manujatA kA saMhAraka hai, vaha prANimAtra ko saMsAra meM dhakelatA hai| -rAjendra sUri zrI. ni. saM. 2503 139 Jain Education Intemational