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________________ mahAvIra kA zrAvaka varga taba aura aba eka AtmavizleSaNa prastuta Alekha meM hamArA pratipAdya bhagavAna mahAvIra kI zrAvaka saMsthA kI vartamAna pariprekSya meM samIkSA karanA hai| jaina dharma nivRttiparaka dharma hai| saMnyAsa kI avadhAraNA nivRttiparaka dharmoM kA hArda hai| isa AdhAra para sAmAnyatayA yaha mAnA jAtA rahA hai ki nivRttimArgI zramaNa paramparA meM gRhastha kA vaha sthAna nahIM rahA, jo ki pravRttimArgI hindU paramparA meM use prApta thaa| pravRttimArgI paramparA meM gRhastha Azrama ko sabhI AzramoM kA AdhAra mAnA gayA thaa| yadyapi zramaNa paramparA meM saMnyAsa dharma kI pramukhatA rahI, kintu yaha samajha lenA bhrAMtipUrNa hogA ki usameM gRhastha dharma upekSita rhaa| ve zramaNa paramparAe~, jo saMghIya vyavasthA ko lekara vikasita huIM, unameM gRhastha yA upAsaka varga ko bhI mahattvapUrNa sthAna prApta thaa| bhAratIya zramaNa paramparA meM jaina, bauddha, Adi aisI paramparAe~ thIM jinhoMne saMghIya sAdhanA ko mahattva diyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apanI tIrtha sthApanA meM zramaNa, zramaNI, zrAvaka aura zrAvikArUpa caturvidha tIrtha kI sthApanA kii| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI paramparA meM ye cAroM hI dharma saMgha ke pramukha stambha mAne jAte haiN| unhoMne apanI saMgha vyavasthA meM gRhastha upAsaka evaM upAsikAoM ko sthAna dekara, unake mahattva ko svIkAra kiyA hai| mahAvIra kI saMgha vyavasthA sAdhanA ke kSetra meM strI varga aura gRhastha varga donoM ke mahattva ko svIkAra karatI hai| unhoMne sUtrakRtAMga (2/2/39) meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA thA ki aNuvrata ke rUpa meM ahiMsA kA pAlana karane vAlA gRhastha dharma bhI Arya hai aura samasta du:khoM kA anta karane vAlA pUrNatayA samyak aura sAdhu hai|| __uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai, ki cAhe sAmAnya rUpa se gRhasthoM kI apekSA zramaNa ko zreSTha mAnA jAe, kintu kucha gRhastha aise bhI hote haiM jo zramaNoM kI apekSA saMyama ke paripAlana meM zreSTha hote haiM / mahAvIra ke zAsana meM mahattva veza kA nahIM hai, AdhyAtmika niSThA kA hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke kSetra meM zreSThatA aura nimnatA kA AdhAra AdhyAtmika jAgarukatA, apramattatA, anAsakti aura nirAkulatA hai| jisakA citta nirAkula aura zAnta hai, jo apane kartavya patha para
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________________ mahAvIra kA zrAvaka varga taba aura aba : eka AtmavizleSaNa : 19 pUrI ImAnadArI ke sAtha cala rahA hai, jisakI antarAtmA nirmala aura vizuddha hai, vaha mahAvIra ke mukti patha para calane kA adhikArI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane dharma mArga meM sAdhanA evaM saMgha vyavasthA kI dRSTi se gRhastha ko mahattvapUrNa sthAna diyA thaa| yadi madhyavartI yugoM ko dekheM to bhI yaha bAta adhika satya pratIta hotI hai, kyoMki madhyayuga meM bhI jaina dharma aura saMskRti ko surakSita rakhane meM gRhastha varga kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai| unhoMne na kevala bhavya jinAlaya banavAye aura granthoM kI pratilipiyA~ karavAkara sAhitya kI surakSA kI, apitu apane tyAga se saMgha aura samAja kI sevA bhI kii| yadi hama vartamAna kAla meM jaina dharma meM gRhastha varga ke sthAna aura mahattva ke sambandha meM vicAra kareM, to Aja bhI aisA lagatA hai ki jaina dharma ke saMrakSaNa aura vikAsa kI apekSA gRhastha varga kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / sampUrNa bhArata meM eka pratizata janasaMkhyA vAlA yaha samAja sevA aura prANI-sevA ke kSetra meM Aja bhI agraNI sthAna rakhatA hai / deza meM janatA ke dvArA saMcAlita janakalyANakArI saMsthAoM arthAt vidyAlaya, mahAvidyAlaya, cikitsAlaya, gauzAlAeM, pAMjarApola, alpamUlya kI bhojanazAlAoM Adi kI parigaNanA kareM to yaha spaSTa hai ki deza meM lagabhaga 30 pratizata lokasevI saMsthAe~ jaina samAja ke dvArA saMcAlita haiM / eka pratizata kI janasaMkhyA vAlA samAja yadi 30 pratizata kI bhAgIdArI detA hai to usake mahattva ko nakArA nahIM jA sktaa| eka dRSTi se dekheM to mahAvIra ke yuga se lekara Aja taka jaina dharma, jaina samAja aura jaina saMskRti ke saMrakSaNa kA mahattvapUrNa dAyitva zrAvaka varga ne hI nibhAyA hai, cAhe use preraNA aura dizAbodha zramaNoM se prApta huA ho| isa prakAra sAmAnya dRSTi se dekhane para mahAvIra ke yuga aura Aja ke yuga meM koI vizeSa antara pratIta nahIM hotA / kintu jahA~ cAritrika niSThA ke sAtha sadAcArapUrvaka naitika AcAra kA prazna hai, Aja sthiti kucha badalI huI pratIta hotI hai| mahAvIra ke yuga meM gRhastha sAdhakoM ke dhanabala aura sattAbala kI apekSA cAritrabala ko adhika mahattvapUrNa mAnA jAtA thaa| svayaM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne magadha samrATa zreNika ko puniyAM zrAvaka ke pAsa bhejakara dhanabala aura sattAbala para cAritrabala kI mahattA kA Adarza upasthita kiyA thaa| sAdhanA ke kSetra meM dhanabala aura sattAbala kI apekSA cAritra bala pradhAna hai| apane pradhAna ziSya aura 14,000 nirgratha bhikSuoM ke agraNI Arya indrabhUti gautama ko samAdhimaraNa kI sAdhanA meM rata Ananda zrAvaka ke pAsa kSamA yAcanA ke lie bhejakara mahAvIra ne jahAM eka ora gRhastha ke cAritra bala kI mahattA ko pratipAdita kiyA thA, vahIM zrAvaka ke jIvana kI garimA ko bhI sthApita kiyA thaa| vartamAna saMghIya
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________________ vyavasthA meM gRhastha varga kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna to svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, kintu ina badalI huI paristhitiyoM meM cAritra bala kI apekSA gRhastha kA dhana bala aura sattAbala hI pramukha bana gayA hai| samAja meM na to Aja cAritravAna zrAvaka sAdhakoM aura na hI vidvat varga kA hI koI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| Aja jaina dharma kI sabhI zAkhAoM meM samAja para, samAja para hI kyA kaheM, munivarga para bhI dhanabala aura sattAbala kA prAdhAnya hai| mahAvIra ke yuga meM aura madhyakAla meM bhI unhIM zrAvakoM kA samAja para varcasva thA, jo saMghIya hita ke lie tana-mana-dhana se samarpita hote the| phira ve cAhe sampattizAlI hoM yA Arthika apekSA se nirdhana kyoM na hoN| Aja hama yaha dekhate haiM ki samAja ke zIrSa sthAnoM para ve hI loga baiThe hue haiM, jinakI cAritrika niSThA para aneka praznacinha lage hue haiN| sAmAnyatayA Aja yaha samajhA jAtA hai ki munijIvana kI sAdhanA gRhastha jIvana kI sAdhanA kI apekSA adhika duHsAdhya hai kintu merA aisA mAnanA hai ki sAdhanA ke kSetra meM zreSThatA kA AdhAra muniveza yA gRhastha veza nahIM hai| jaina dharma kI sampUrNa sAdhanA kA hArda mamatva kA tyAga kara samatA yA vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA hai| vaha indriyoM kI viSaya-vAsanA kI maoNga para saMyama ke vijaya kI sAdhanA hai| saMnyAsa mArga kI sAdhanA kaThora hote hue susAdhya hai, jabaki gRhastha dharma kI sAdhanA susAdhya pratIta hote hue bhI duHsAdhya hai| citta vicalana ke jo avasara gRhastha jIvana meM rahe hue haiM, unakI apekSA muni jIvana meM ve atyaMta alpa haiM / girikaMdarAoM meM rahakara brahmacarya kA pAlana utanA kaThina nahIM hai jitanA nAriyoM ke madhya rahakara usakA pAlana karanA hai| kyA vijaya seTha aura seThAnI ke athavA kozA vaizyA ke ghara meM cAturmAsa meM sthita sthUlibhadra ke kaThora brahmacarya kI sAdhanA kI tulanA kisI anya muni ke brahmacarya kI sAdhanA se kI jA sakatI hai? gRhastha dharma se AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI ora jAnevAlA mArga phisalana bharA hai, usameM kadama-kadama para sajagatA kI AvazyakatA hai, sAdhaka yadi eka kSaNa ke lie bhI vAsanAoM ke Avega se nahIM saMbhalA to usakA patana ho sakatA hai| vAsanAoM ke bavaMDara ke madhya rahate hue unase aprabhAvita rahanA sarala nahIM hai| gRhastha jIvana meM AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kAjala kI koTharI meM rahakara bhI cAritra rUpI cAdara ko bedAga rakhanA hai| mere yaha saba kahane kA tAtparya yaha nahIM hai ki maiM muni jIvana kI mahattA aura garimA ko nakAra rahA huuN| eka muni jina AdhyAtmika ucAIyoM ko chUtA hai, yadi koI gRhastha jIvana meM rahakara bhI una ucAIyoM ko chu le to vaha adhika mahattvapUrNa hotA hai| vaise to hara yuga ke andara isa prakAra ke gRhastha sAdhaka rahe haiM, jinhoMne apanI cAritrika sAdhanA ke uccatama Adarza upasthita kie haiN| vartamAna
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________________ mahAvIra kA zrAvaka varga taba aura aba eka AtmavizleSaNa 1. 21 yuga meM bhI aise kucha sAdhaka hue haiM jinakA cAritra bala kisI apekSA se sAmAnya muniyoM se bhI zreSTha rahA hai| phira bhI yadi hama tulanAtmaka dRSTi se vicAra kareM lo aisA lagatA hai ki mahAvIra ke yuga kI apekSA Aja isa prakAra ke AtmaniSTha gRhastha sAdhakoM kI saMkhyA meM kamI AyI hai| yadi hama mahAvIra ke yuga kI bAta karate haiM to vaha bahuta purAnI ho gaI / yadi nikaTabhUta arthAt unnIsavIM zatI kI bAta ko hI leM to IsTa iNDiyA kampanI ke kAla ke jo samAja AdhArita AparAdhika AMkar3e hameM upalabdha hote haiM, yadi unakA vizleSaNa kiyA jAe to spaSTa lagatA hai ki usa yuga meM jainoM meM AparAdhika pravRtti kA pratizata lagabhaga zUnya thA / yadi hama Aja kI sthiti dekheM to choTe-moTe aparAdhoM kI bAta to eka ora rakha deM, deza ke mahAaparAdhoM kI sUcI para dRSTi DAleM to cAhe ghI meM carbI milAne kA kANDa ho, cAhe alakabIra ke katlakhAne meM tathAkathita jaina bhAgIdArI kA prazna ho athavA bar3e-bar3e havAlA jaise Arthika ghoTAle hoM, hamArI sAkha kahIM na kahIM girI hai| eka zatAbdI pUrva taka sAmAnya janadhAraNA yaha thI ki AparAdhika pravRttiyoM kA jaina samAja se koI nAtA riztA nahIM hai, lekina Aja kI sthiti yaha hai ki AparAdhika pravRttiyoM ke saraganAoM meM jaina samAja ke logoM ke nAma Ane lage haiN| isase aisA lagatA hai ki vartamAna yuga meM hamArI ImAnadArI aura prAmANikatA para aneka prazna cinha laga cuke haiM ? taba kI apekSA aba aNuvratoM ke pAlana kI AvazyakatA adhika hai| eka yuga thA jaba zrAvaka se tAtparya thA vratI zrAvaka / tIrthaMkaroM ke yuga meM jo hameM zrAvakoM kI saMkhyA upalabdha hotI hai vaha saMkhyA zraddhAzIla zrAvakoM kI saMkhyA nahIM, balki vratI zrAvakoM kI hai| kintu Aja sthiti bilkula badalatI huI najara AtI hai, yadi Aja hama zrAvaka kA tAtparya ImAnadArI evaM niSThApUrvaka zrAvaka vratoM ke pAlana karane vAloM se leM, to hama yaha pAe~ge ki unakI saMkhyA hamAre zramaNa aura zramaNI varga kI apekSA kama hI hogii| yadyapi yahA~ koI kaha sakatA hai ki vrata grahaNa karane vAloM ke A~kar3e to kahIM adhika haiM, kintu merA tAtparya mAtra vrata grahaNa karane se nahIM, kintu usakA paripAlana kitanI ImAnadArI aura niSThA se ho rahA hai, isa mukhya vastu se hai| mahAvIra ne gRhastha varga ko zramaNa saMgha ke praharI ke rUpa meM udghoSita kiyA thaa| use zramaNa ke mAtA-pitA ke rUpa meM sthApita kiyA gayA thaa| yadi hama sudUra atIta meM na jAkara kevala apane nikaTa atIta ko hI dekheM to yaha spaSTa hai ki Aja gRhastha na kevala apane kartavyoM aura dAyitvoM ko bhUla baiThA hai balki vaha apanI asmitA ko bhI kho baiThA hai| Aja yaha samajhA jAne lagA hai ki dharma aura saMskRti kA saMrakSaNa tathA -
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________________ AdhyAtmika sAdhanA saba kucha zramaNa saMsthA kA kArya hai, gRhastha to mAtra upAsaka hai| usake kartavyoM kI iti zrI sAdhu, sAdhviyoM ko dAna dene athavA unake dvArA nirdezita saMsthA ko dAna dene taka sImita hai| Aja hameM isa bAta kA ehasAsa karanA hogA ki jaina dharma kI saMgha vyavasthA meM hamArA kyA aura kitanA garimAmaya sthAna hai| cartuvidha saMgha ke cAra pAyoM meM yadi eka bhI pAyA caramarAtA yA TUTatA hai to dUsare kA astitva bhI nirApada nahIM raha sakatA hai| yadi zrAvaka apane dAyitva aura kartavya ko vismRta karatA hai to saMgha ke anya ghaTakoM kA astitva bhI nirApada nahIM raha sktaa| cAhe yaha bAta kahane meM kaThora ho lekina yaha eka spaSTa satya hai ki Aja kA hamArA zramaNa aura zramaNI varga zithilAcAra meM AkaNTha DUbatA jA rahA hai| yahA~ maiM kisI sampradAya vizeSa kI bAta nahIM kara rahA hU~ aura na merA yaha AkSepa una pUjya munivRndoM ke prati hai jo niSThApUrvaka apane cAritra kA pAlana karate hai, yahA~ merA izArA eka sAmAnya sthiti se hai| anya vargoM kI apekSA jaina zramaNa saMsthA eka Adarza pratIta hotI hai, phira bhI yadi hama usake aMtasthala meM jhAMkakara dekhate haiM to kahIM na kahIM hameM hamArI Adarza aura niSThA ko Thesa avazya lagatI hai| Aja jinheM hama Adarza aura vandanIya mAna rahe haiM unake jIvana meM chala-chadma, durAgraha aura aham ke poSaNa kI pravRttiyA~ tathA vAsanA-jIvana ke prati lalaka ko dekhakara mana pIr3A se bhara uThatA hai| kintu unake isa patana kA uttaradAyI kauna hai, kyA ve svaMya hI haiM? vAstavikatA yaha hai ki unake isa patana kA uttadAyitva hamAre zrAvaka varga para bhI hai, yA to hamaneM unheM isa patana ke mArga kI ora agrasara kiyA hai yA kama se kama unake sahayogI bane haiN| sAdhu-sAdhviyoM meM zithilAcAra, saMsthAoM ke nirmANa kI pratispardhA aura maThavAsI pravRttiyA~ Aja jisa tejI se bar3ha rahI haiM, vaha madhyakAlIna caityavAsI aura bhaTTAraka paramparA, jisakI hama AlocanA karate nahIM aghAte, unase bhI kahIM Age hai| hameM yaha nahIM bhUlanA cAhie ki sAdhu-sAdhviyoM meM jo zithilAcAra bar3hA hai vaha hamAre sahayoga se hI bar3hA hai| Aja zrAvaka, unameM bhI vizeSa rUpa se sampanna zrAvaka, dharma ke nAma para hone vAle bAhya ADambaroM meM adhika ruci le rahA hai| AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke sthAna para vaha pradarzanapriya ho rahA hai| dharma prabhAvanA kA nAma lekara Aja ke tathAkathita zrAvaka aura unake tathAkathita gurujana donoM hI apane aham aura svArthoM ke poSaNa meM lage haiM / Aja dharma kI khoja antarAtmA meM nahIM, bhIr3a meM ho rahI hai| hama bhIr3a meM rahakara akele rahanA nahIM jAnate, apitu kahIM apane astitva aura asmitA ko bhI bhIr3a meM hI visarjita kara rahe haiM / Aja vahI sAdhu aura zrAvaka adhika pratiSThita hotA hai jo
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________________ mahAvIra kA zrAvaka varga taba aura aba : eka AtmavizleSaNa : 23 bhIr3a ikaTThA kara sakatA hai, bAta kaThora hai kintu satya hai| Aja majamA jamAne meM jo jitanA kuzala hotA hai vaha utanA hI adhika pratiSThita bhI hotA hai| Aja sevA kI apekSA sevA kA pradarzana adhika mahattvapUrNa banatA jA rahA hai| maiM pazcima ke lAyansa aura roTarI klaboM kI bAta nahIM karatA, kintu Aja ke jaina samAja ke vikasita hone vAle sozala grupa kI bAta karanA cAhatA huuN| hama apane hRdaya para hAtha rakhakara pUche kI kyA vahA~ sevA ke sthAna para sevA kA pradarzana adhika nahIM ho rahA hai? mere isa AkSepa kA yaha Azaya nahIM hai ki sozala grupa jaisI saMsthAoM kA mai Alocaka hai, vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki yadi Aja samAja, saMskRti aura dharma ko bacAe~ rakhanA hai to aisI saMsthAoM kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| maiM to yahA~ taka kahatA hU~ ki Aja eka maMdira, upAzraya yA sthAnaka kama bane aura usake sthAna para gA~va-gA~va meM jainoM ke sozala klaba khar3e hoM, kintu unameM kahIM hamAre dharma, darzana aura saMskRti kA saMrakSaNa honA caahie| AcAra kI maryAdAoM kA pAlana honA caahie| Aja ke yuvA meM jaina saMskAroM ke bIjoM kA vapana ho aura ve vikasita hoM, isalie aise sAmAjika saMgaThana Avazyaka hai kintu yadi unameM pazcima kI aMdhI nakala se hamAre sAMskRtika mUlya aura sAMskRtika virAsata samApta hote haiM, to unakI upAdeyatA bhI samApta ho jAegI / ___ Aja ke yuga meM saMcAra ke sAdhanoM meM vRddhi huI hai aura yaha bhI Avazyaka hai ki hameM ina saMcAra ke sAdhanoM kA upayoga bhI karanA cAhie, kintu ina saMcAra ke sAdhanoM ke mAdhyama se kahIM jIvana-mUlyoM aura AdarzoM kA prasAraNa honA cAhie na ki vaiyaktika ahama kA possnn| Aja hamArI ruci una AdarzoM aura mUlyoM kI sthApanA meM utanI nahIM hotI, jitanI apane aham ke sampoSaNa ke lie apanA nAma va phoTo chapA huA dekhane meM hotI hai| isa yuga meM sAdhanApriya sAdha aura zrAvaka to kahIM ojhala ho gae haiN| yadi unakA jIvana aura cAritrika mUlya Age Ae to unase hamAre jIvana mUlyoM kA saMrakSaNa hogA, anyathA kevala pradarzana aura apane aham kI puSTi meM hamArI asmitA hI samApta ho jaaegii| Aja na kevala netAoM ke bar3e-bar3e horDiMgsa laga rahe haiM, apitu hamAre sAdhuoM ke bhI horDigsa laga gae haiN| saMcAra sAdhanoM kI suvidhAoM ke isa yuga meM mahattva mUlya aura AdarzoM ko diyA jAnA cAhie na ki vyaktiyoM ko, kyoMki usake nimitta se Aja sAdhu samAja meM eka pratispardhA kI bhAvanA bhI janmI hai aura usake pariNAmasvarUpa saMgha aura samAja ke dhana kA kitanA apavyaya ho rahA hai yaha kisI se chipA nahIM hai, yaha dhana bhI sAdhuvarga ke pAsa nahIM hai, gRhastha varga ke pAsa se hI AtA hai| Aja pUjA, pratiSThA, dIkSA, cAturmAsa, ArAdhanA aura upAsanA kI
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________________ 24 jo patrikAe~ chapa rahI haiM unakI sthiti yaha hai ki eka-eka patrikA kI sampUrNa lAgata lAkhoM meM hotI hai, kyA yaha dhana sata sAhitya yA prAcIna graMthoM, jo bhaNDAroM meM dImakoM ke bhakSya bana rahe haiM, ke prakAzana meM upayogI nahIM bana sakatA hai ? maiM yaha saba jo kaha rahA hU~ usakA kAraNa sAdhaka varga ke prati mere samAdAra bhAva meM kamI hai aisA nahIM hai, kintu usa yathArthatA ko dekhakara mana meM jo pIr3A aura vyathA hai, yaha usI kA pratiphala hai| bAlyakAla se lekara jIvana kI isa DhalatI umra taka maiMne jo kucha anubhava kiyA hai, maiM usI kI bAta kaha rahA huuN| mere kahane kA yaha bhI tAtparya nahIM hai ki samAja pUrI taraha mUlyavihIna ho gayA hai| Aja bhI kucha muni evaM zrAvaka haiM jinakI cAritrika niSThA aura sAdhanA ko dekhakara unake prati zraddhA aura Adara kA bhAva prakaTa hotA hai, kintu sAmAnya sthiti yahI hai| Aja hamAre jIvana meM aura vizeSa rUpa se hamAre pUjya muni varga ke jIvana meM jo doharApana yathArtha yA vivazatA banatA jA rahA hai, usa sabake lie hama hI adhika uttaradAyI haiM / Aja hameM apane Adarza atIta ko dekhanA hogA, apane pUrvajoM kI cAritra niSThA aura mUlya niSThA ko samajhanA hogaa| mAtra samajhanA hI nahIM, use jInA hogA, tabhI hama apanI asmitA kI aura apane prAcIna gaurava kI rakSA kara skeNge| Aja puniyAM kA Adarza, Ananda kI cAritra niSThA, bhAmAzAha kA tyAga, tejapAla aura vastupAla kI dharmaprabhAvanA sabhI mAtra itihAsa kI vastu bana gaye haiM / tAraNa svAmI, lokAzAha, banArasIdAsa Adi ke dharma krAnti ke zaMkhanAda kI dhvani hameM sunAI nahIM detI hai yaha hamArI vartamAna durdazA kA kAraNa hai, hama kaba sajaga aura sAvadhAna hoMge? yaha cintanIya hai|