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________________ madhyapradeza meM jainAcAryoMkA vihAra DA0 vidyAdhara joharApurakara, jabalapura madhyapradeza meM jainadharmaM vartamAna madhyapradeza navambara 1956 meM astitva meM AyA aura isameM briTizayugake madhyaprAnta va barAra kSetra ke mahAkozala evaM chatIsagar3ha kSetra, vindhya kSetrake chattIsa rAjya, bhopAla rAjya tathA mAlava aura gvAliyara kSetrake aneka rAjya samAhita huye haiM / yaha kSetraphalakI dRSTise bhAratakA sabase bar3A rAjya hai aura vastutaH hI bhAratakA madhya hRdaya sthala hai / bhAratIya rAjanIti aura sAMskRtika itihAsa meM isa kSetrakA maulika tathA amUlya yogadAna hai / isa kSetrake pratyeka mahattvapUrNa bhAgameM jainadharmake anuyAyI pAye jAte haiM / isase isa kSetrake jaina saMskRtise prabhAvita honekA anumAna lagAyA jAtA hai / yaha anumAna taba puSTa ho jAtA hai jaba hama yaha dekhate haiM ki isake mAlava, vidizA, sonAgira, dazapura, gvAliyara, papaurA, ahAra, khajurAho, chatarapura, damoha, Adi kSetroMmeM aneka purAtAttvika mahattvake jaina avazeSa milate haiM jinakA aneka vidvAnoMne adhikRta adhyayana kiyA hai| isa kSetrameM jainadharmake pracAra-prasAra aura prabhAvake kArya meM aneka zreSThiyoM evaM rAjAoMke atirikta agaNita jainAcAryoMne bhI yogadAna kiyA hai| isa yogadAnakA sphuTa vivaraNa hI aneka sthaloM para milatA hai / isa yogadAnake mahattvako dRSTimeM rakhate huye maiM isa lekhameM ina kSetroM meM 500 I0 pU0 se unnIsavIM sadI ke bIca ke caubIsa varSoMmeM vicaraNa karane vAle yA vikAsa karane vAle kucha AcAryoMkI vivaraNikA de rahA hU~ jisase bhAvI zodhArthI isa kSetrameM kAma karaneke liye preraNA prApta kareM aura madhyapradeza meM jaina saMskRti ke vikAsa mUlyAMkita kreN| apanI sImAko dekhate huye maiMne yahA~ kucha pramukha kSetroMkA vivaraNa hI diyA hai, anya kSetroMke viSaya meM sAmagrI ekatrakI jA rahI hai / mahAvIra - nirvANake eka hajAra varSa bhagavAna mahAvIrake nirvANake bAda prathama do zatAbdiyoM meM madhyapradezameM jaina AcAryoMke vihArakA koI spaSTa varNana prApta nahIM hotA / tadanantara AcArya bhadrabAhune ujjayinImeM vihAra kiyA, vahA~ rAjA candragupta ne una sabhIkA sammAna kiyA aura bAdameM unake saMghane dakSiNameM vihAra kiyaa| aisA varNana hariSeNAcArya ke bRhatkathAkozameM' upalabdha hai / AcArya bhadrabAhu ke praziSya AcArya suhastike ujjayinI meM vihArakA aura vahA~ke zreSThI avanti sukumAra dvArA unase dIkSAgrahaNakA vRttAnta rAjazekhara sUrike prabandhakozameM milatA hai / AcArya kAlakake ujjayinI meM vihArakA aura vahA~ atyAcArI rAjA gardabhillake vinAzakA vRttAnta prabhAcandrAcArya ke prabhAvakacarita meM tathA anyatra bhI prApta hotA hai / isa granthake anusAra AcArya vrajakA janma bhI avantI pradezameM huA thA tathA unhoMne ujjayinI meM AcArya bhadraguptake dazapUrva graMthoM kA adhyayana kiyA thA / isa bAtakA bhI 1. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhA0 1 prastAvanA, pR0 57 2. prabandhakoza ( phorvasa sabhA saMskaraNa), pR0 38 3. prabhAvakacarita ( nirNayasAgara saMskaraNa), pR0 38, pR08, pR0 114 - 288 -
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________________ ullekha pAyA jAtA hai ki AcArya vajrake ziSya AcArya rakSitakA janma dazapura (maMdasaura) meM huA thA tathA vidyAdhyayana ujjayinImeM huA thaa| AcArya samaMtabhA ne bhI mAlavA aura vidizA kSetrameM vihAra kiyA thA, aisA varNana zravaNavelagolake malliSeNaprazasti' nAmaka zilAlekha meM hai| AcArya siddhasenake bhI ujjayinImeM vihAra, rAjA vikramAditya dvArA unake sammAna aura dvAtriMzikA racanAkI kathAe~ prabhAvakacaritra, prabaMdhakoza AdimeM prApta haiN| vidizAke nikaTa udayagirikI eka pArzvanAtha mUrtikI pratiSThApanA AcArya bhadra kI paramparAke AcArya gozarmAke ziSya zaMkara muni ne san 426 meM kI thI, aisA vahA~ke zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai| vidizAse hI prApta eka anya jina mUrtikI pratiSThApanA rAmaguptake rAjyakAlameM AcArya sarvasena kI thI, aisA usake pAdapIThake lekhase jJAta hotA hai| AThavIMse dasavIM sadI-gopAcala (gvAliyara) meM rAjA Ama (nAgabhaTa) dvArA nirmita jina maMdira kI pratiSThA AcArya vappabhaTTine kI thI, aisA prabaMdhakozase jJAta hotA hai| Amake pautra bhojake AmaMtraNa para vappabhaTTike gurubaMdhu nannasUri gopAcala padhAre the / yaha bhI isa sandarbha meM ullikhita hai| san 784 meM AcArya jinasenane harivaMzapurANakI racanA vardhamAnapurameM kI thii| eka matake anusAra ujjayanIke nikaTavartI nagara badanAvarakA hI purAnA nAma vardhamAnapura thaa| hariSeNAcAryake bRhatkathAkozakI racanA bhI isI nagarameM san 932 meM huI thii| AcArya devasena ne dhArA nagarameM sambat 990 meM darzanasArakI racanA kii| isI antima gAthAoMmeM sthala-kAlakA ullekha hai| khajarAhoke zAntinAtha maMdirake sthApanAlekhameM jo san 944 kA hai rAjA dhaMga dvArA sammAnita zreSThI pAhilake sAtha mahArAjaguru vAsavacandrakA bhI ullekha hai| AcArya abhimatagatine subhASitaratnasaMdohakI racanA san 993 meM rAjA muMjake rAjyameM kI thii| inake san 1016 meM racita paMcasaMgrahakA racanAsthAna masUtikApura (dhArake pAsa masoda grAma) ullikhita hai / gyArahavIM zatAbdI-prabhAvakacaritameM batAyA gayA hai ki AcArya mahAsenane sindhurAjake maMtrI parpaTake Agrahase pradyumnacarita mahAkAvyakI racanA kii| isIke anusAra AcArya vardhamAnane dhArA nagarameM vihAra karate huye jinezvarako sUripada pradAna kiyA thaa| jinezvarake ziSya abhayadevasUrikA janma bhI dhArAmeM hI kahA gayA hai| inakI paramparA kharataragacchake nAmase prasiddha hii| uttarAdhyayana TIkAkartA vAdivatAla zAntisUri, mahAkavi dhanapAlane guru mahendrasUri tathA nAbheyanemidvisandhAna kAvyake racayitA sUrAcAryakA dhArA nagarameM vihAra aura rAjA bhoja dvArA unake sammAnakA vRttAnta bhI prabhAvakacaritameM milatA hai| apabhraMza kathAkoza ke racayitA zrIcandrake kathanAnusAra unake guruke praguru AcArya zrutakIrti rAjA bhoja dvArA sammAnita huye the| unheM gAMgeya rAjA dvArA bhI sammAna prApta huA thA isase pratIta hotA hai ki 1. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhA0 1, prastAvanA, pR0 141 2. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhA. 2, pR0 57 3. jainasAhitya aura itihAsa, (premIjI), pR0 117 4. prabandhakoSa, pR0 84 (8-) jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR0 147, 279, 412 5. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhA. 2, pR0 190 6. prabhAvakacarita, pR0 263, 267, 218, 224 7. jainagrantha prazastisaMgraha (paramAnandajI), bhA0 2, pR0 7 37 -289
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________________ DAhala (jabalapura) kSetrameM bhI unakA vihAra huA hogaa|' isI prakAra gvAliyarake samIpa dUbakuNDase prApta eka zilAlekha san 1088 kA hai jisameM vahA~ke jina maMdirakI pratiSThApanA AcArya vijayakIrti dvArA huI batAI gaI hai| lekhake anusAra vijayakItike guru AcArya zAntiNane rAjA bhojakI sabhAmeM sammAna prApta kiyA thA / AcArya prabhAcandrane rAjA bhoja aura unake uttarAdhikArI jayasiMhake rAjyameM nyAyakumudacandra aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa nAmaka mahattvapUrNa graMthoMkI racanA kii| AcArya nayanarindane rAjA bhojake rAjyakAlameM dhArA nagarameM san 1044 meM apabhraMza kAvya sudarzanacaritakI racanA kii| inakI dUsarI racanA sakalavidhividhAna kAvya bhI bhojake hI rAjyameM pUrNa haI thii| san 1013 meM zrIcandra AcAryane dhArAmeM AcArya sAgarasenase adhyayana kara purANasArakI racanA kI tathA yahIM dasa varSa bAda uttarapurANa TippaNakI racanA kii| inakA padmapurANa TippaNa bhI bhojake hI rAjyakAlameM san 1030 meM likhA gayA / 4 / vidizAke samIpa baDohake jina mandirake dvAra para prApta san 1057 ke lekhameM AcArya ubhayacandra kA tathA san 1078 ke lekhameM maMtravAdI AcArya devacandra kA nAma ullikhita hai| isI prakAra zravaNavelagola ke san 1115 ke eka zilAlekhase golAcAryakA paricaya milatA hai| ye caMdela vaMzake rAjakumAra tathA golla pradezake svAmI the tathA kisI kAraNase virakta hokara muni haye the| inakA mUlasthAna bundelakhaNDa kA uttarI kSetra pratIta hotA hai| lekhameM inake praziSyake praziSya meghacandra ke samAdhimaraNakA varNana hai| jabalapurase 40 mIla dUra bahurIvandameM eka bhavya zAntinAtha mUrtikI sthApanA AcArya subhadrane san 1130 meM lagabhaga rAjA gayAkarNake rAjyakAlameM kI thI, aisA usake pAdapIThalekhase jJAta hotA hai| bArahavIMse caudahavIM zatAbdI-bar3avAnIke samIpa cUligiri parvata para prApta san 1166 ke do lekhoMmeM AcArya rAmacandrakA varNana hai| inhoMne vahA~ indrajit kevalIkA mandira banavAyA thaa| prabandhakoza meM AcArya vizAlakIti aura unake aneka vAdoMmeM vijaya prApta karane vAle ziSya madanakIrtike ujjayinImeM vihArakA varNana prApta hotA hai / madanakIrtikI zAsanacatustrizikAmeM mAlavAke tIna sthAna-dhArAke navakhaMDa pArzvanAtha, maMgalapurake abhinandana aura bRhatpura (bar3avAnI) ke bar3e deva (bAvanagajA) kA varNana bhI hai| khajurAhoMke do mUrtilekhoMmeM, jinakA samaya bArahavIM sadImeM anumAnita hai, bhaTTAraka AmranandikA nAma ullikhita hai / yahIMke eka anya mUrtilekhameM durlabhamandira-ravicandra-sarvanandikI AcArya paramparA bhI ullikhita hai| yahIM ke san 1158 ke eka mUrtilekhameM AcArya rAjanandike ziSya bhAnukIrtikA nAma bhI ullikhita hai| vizAlakIrti aura madanakItikA varNana dhArAke samIpavartI nalakacchApura (nAlachA) ke mahApaNDita 1. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga 2, pR0 345 2. jainasAhitya aura itihAsa, pR0 290, 287 3. jainagranthaprazastisaMgraha, bhA0 2, pR0 3 4. jainazilAlekha saMgraha, bhA0 1, 142 5. jainazilAlekha saMgraha, bhA0 4, pR0 147 6. jainazilAlekha saMgraha, bhA0 3, pR0 143 7. prabandhakoza, pR0 131 8. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pR0 347 9. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga 4, pR0 40, 47 -290 -
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________________ AzAdharakI graMthaprazastiyoMmeM bhI milatA hai| madanakIrtine unakI prazaMsA kI thI aura vizAlakItine unase nyAyazAstra par3hA thaa| AzAdharane AcArya mahAvIrase dhArAmeM pramANazAstra aura vyAkaraNazAstra par3hA thA / AcArya sAgaracandra ke ziSya vinayacandrake Agrahase unhoMne iSTopadezaTIkA likhI thii| unake prazaMsakoMmeM muni udayasenakA nAma bhI ullikhita hai|' tapAgacchakI gurvAvaliyoMse jJAta hotA hai ki navya karmagranthoMke racayitA devendrasUri (svargavAsa san 1270) aura unake ziSya vidyAnandakA vihAra ujjayinImeM huA thaa| vidyAnandake gurubandhu dharmaghoSasUrike ujjayinI aura maNDapadUrga (mANDava)meM vihArakA varNana bhI inameM milatA hai| pAvAgiri (Una)ke san 1201 ke eka mUrtilekhameM pratiSThApaka AcArya dezanandikA nAma ullikhita hai| isI prakAra sonAgirike san 1215 ke eka mUrtilekhameM pratiSThApaka AcArya dharmacandrakA nAma ullikhita hai| prazastiyoMke anusAra jaba AcArya kamalabhadra mAlavAmeM salakhaNapurameM vihAra kara rahe the, taba san 1230 meM dAmodara kavine unake sAnnidhyameM neminAthacaritakI racanA kI thii| baDavAnIke nikaTa cUlagiri parvatakI eka jinamUrtike san 1312 meM lekhameM pratiSThApaka AcArya zubhakIrtikA nAma prApta hotA hai / dhanapAla kavike bAhubalicarita (san 1398) ke anusAra unake guru AcArya prabhAcandrane anya aneka nagaroMke sAtha dhArA nagarameM bhI vihAra kiyA thaa| pandrahavIM-solahavIM zatAbdI-AcArya guNakIrtike upadezase gvAliyarameM kavi padmanAbha kAyasthane san 1405 ke karIba yazodharacaritakI racanA kI thii| yahIM AcArya yazaHkIrtine san 1430 meM bhaviSyadatta kathA aura sUkUmAracaritakI pratiyA~ likhavAI thiiN| yahIM para unhoMne svayaMbhaviracita ariSTanemicaritakA jIrNoddhadhAra bhI kiyA thaa| gvAliyarameM hI AcArya guNabhadrane san 1450 ke karIba anantavratakathA Adi pandraha kathAoMkI racanA kI thii| isI prakAra AcArya jinacandra dvArA san 1457 meM aura AcArya siMhakIrti dvArA san 1474 meM gvAliyarameM jinamUrtipratiSThAmahotsava sampanna karAye gaye the| AcArya zratakIrtine damohake nikaTa jerahaTameM san 1457 meM harivaMzapurANakI racanA pUrNa kI thii|" suratake AcArya devendrakItine anya aneka sthAnoMke samAna avaMtI (mAlavA)meM bhI pratiSThAyeM karavAI thIM, aisA unakI paramparAkI paTTAvalIse jJAta hotA hai / isI paTTAvalIke'2 anusAra unake praziSya AcArya 1. paTTAvalI samuccaya (darzanavijayajI), bhA0 1, pR0 57, 60 2. anekAnta varSa 12, pR0 192 / 3. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhA0 4, pR0 59 4. jainagranthaprazastisaMgraha, bhA0 2, pR0 139 5. anekAnta, varSa 12, pR0 192 6. anekAnta, varSa 7, pR0 83 / / 7. jainagranthaprazastisaMgraha, bhA0 1, pR. 4 8. jainagranthaprazastisaMgraha bhA0 2, pR0 83, 112 9. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhA0 5, pR0 82, 84 10. jainagranthaprazastisaMgraha, bhA. 2, pR0 122 11. bhaTTArakasampradAya. pR0 169 12. jainagranthaprazastisaMgraha, bhA0 1, pR0 17 -291
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________________ mallibhUSaNane bhI mANDava aura gvAliyarameM vihAra kiyA thaa| ina donoMkA samaya pandrahavIM sadI kI uttarArddha hai| isI samaya AcArya kamalakIrtine sonAgirimeM AcArya zubhacandrako paTTAdhIza banAyA thA, aisA kavi raidhU ke harivaMzapurANase jJAta hotA hai / ' AcArya siMhanandi mAlava pradezameM kAryarata the| aisA zrutasAgarakRta yazastilakacandrikAkI antima prazastise jJAta hotA hai| nemidattakRta zrIpAlacarita (san 1428)meM bhI yaha ullekha hai / sonAgirike san 1443 ke eka mUrtilekhase pratiSThApaka AcArya yazaHsenakA paricaya milatA hai / yahIMke san 1606 ke eka anya mUrtilekhameM AcArya yazonidhikA nAma ullikhita hai| satrahavIM zatAbdI-AcArya dharmakIrtine san 1612 meM mAlavAmeM padmapurANakI racanA kI thii| inhIMke harivaMzapurANakI prazastike anusAra isake guru AcArya lalitakIrtikA bhI mAlavAmeM vihAra huA thA / lalitakIrtikA san 1618 kA eka mUrtilekha rANoda (zivapurIke samIpa) tathA dharmakIrtikA san 1624 kA eka mUrtilekha sonAgirimeM prApta huA hai| vahA~ke san 1614 ke eka mUrtilekhameM AcArya lakSmIsena pratiSThApakake rUpameM ullikhita haiN| AcArya kezavasenane san 1631 meM mAlavAmeM karNAmRtapurANakI racanA kI thii| inakI aura AcArya vizvakIrtikI caraNapAdukAyeM sonAgirimeM hI san 1644 meM sthApita huI thiiN| yahIMke san 1651 tathA san 1690 ke lekhoMse AcArya vizvabhUSaNa dvArA vahA~ mandira nirmANa aura mUrtisthApanAkA patA calAtA hai| isI prakAra papaurAke san 1651 ke tathA ahArake san 1653 ke mUrtilekhoMse prariSThApaka AcArya sakalakItikA ullekha hai| yaha bhI patA lagatA hai ki AcArya surendrakIrtine gvAliyarameM sana 1683 meM ravivrata kathAkI racanA kI thii| ___ aThArahavIM sadI-sonAgirike vibhinna mUrtilekhoMse jJAta hotA hai ki vahA~ke pratiSThApaka AcArya aura unake jJAta varSa nimna prakAra haiM : kumArasena aura devasena, 1703, vasudevakIrti, 1755, mahendrabhUSaNa aura devendrakIti. 1732. devendra bhaSaNa, 1780 evaM mahendrakIti, 1799 / mAnapurA (jilA mandasaura)meM san 1730 meM AcArya devacandra paTTAdhIza huye the, aisA eka purAne patrase jJAta hotA hai / isI prakAra hAlame hI prakAzita eka lekhase jJAta hotA hai ki chatarapurameM san 1783 meM AcArya jinendra bhUSaNane eka mandirakI pratiSThA karavAI thii| ___ unnIsavIM zatAbdI-1deg sonAgirike unnIsavI zatAbdIke lekhoMse bhI aneka AcAryoMke nAma aura mUrtisthApanA varSa nimna prakAra jJAta hote hai : vijayakIti 1811; surendrabhUSaNa 1837, rAjendrabhUSaNa 1. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhA0 5, pR0 82, 93 2. jainagranthaprazastisaMgraha, bhA0 1, pR0 36, 37; jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhA0 5, pR0 101, 103 3. jainagranthaprazastisaMgraha, bhAga 1, pR0 57 4. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga, 5, pR0 104, 105 5. anekAnta, varSa 3, pR0 445 evaM varSa 10, pR0 115 6. bhaTTArakasampradAya, pR0 118 7. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhA0 5, pR0 107, 109 8. bhaTTArakasampradAya, pR0 165 9. jaina sandeza, 28 apraila 77 10. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga 5, pR0 110, 114 . -292 -
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________________ 1856, cArucandrabhUSaNa 1866; zIlendrabhUSaNa 1873 evaM lakSmIsena 1874 / inameMse suredrabhUSaNa dvArA san 1822 meM jabalapurake samIpa panAgarameM bhI mUrtipratiSThA huI thI, aisA vahA~ke mUrtilekhoMke dvArA jJAta hotA hai / isI prakAra cArucandrabhUSaNa dvArA san 1866,1867 evaM 1869 meM jabalapurake hanumAnatAla mandirameM mUrtipratiSThAyeM kI gaI thiiN| aisA vahA~ke lekhoMse jJAta hotA hai / panAgarake kucha anya mUti lekhoMse jJAta hotA hai ki vahA~ san 1797 meM AcArya narendra bhUSaNa dvArA tathA san 1838 meM AcAryabhUSaNa dvArA bhI pratiSThAyeM huI thiiN| hanumAnatAla mandira, jabalapurake kucha mUrtilekhoMmeM san 1834,1839 tathA 1840 kI pratiSThAoM- . meM AcArya haricandrabhUSaNakA nAma bhI upalabdha hotA hai / / isa prakAra madhyapradezake vibhinna kSetroMke prakAzita itihAsa-sAdhanoMse jJAta 90 jaina AcAryoMke ullekhoMkI yaha saMkSipta sUcI hai| isameM mAlavA kSetrake 45, gvAliyara kSetrake 30, chatarapura kSetrake 8 tathA jabalapurake kSetrake 7 ullekha haiN| prayojanakI dRSTise dekhA jAya, to 20 ullekha grantharacanA sambandhI, 40 mUrtipratiSThA sambandhI evaM anya 30 sAmAnya rUpase vihArake viSayameM haiN| inake samucita adhyayana evaM saMkalanase madhyapradezameM jainadharma aura saMskRtika vikAsakA itihAsa jAnane meM paryApta sahAyatA milatI hai| 1. jabalapura aura panAgara ke mUrtilekha hamane svayaM dekhe haiM / - 293 -