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________________ 0 zrI mahAvIra koTiyA, jayapura [vicAraka, lekhaka zrI kRSNa kA vAsudevatva : jaina dRSTi bhAratIya-sAhitya meM zrI kRSNa ke viziSTa svarUpa kA paricaya dene vAlA grantha 'mahAbhArata' hai| mahAbhArata ke zrI kRSNa svayaM bhagavAna viSNu haiM, jinhoMne saMsAra ke kalyANArtha devakI-vasudeva ke yahA~ janma liyA hai| ve bhagavAna samasta sRSTi ke upAdAna kAraNa haiM, akhila vizva-sabhI carAcara-ke sarjaka haiM, avyakta haiM, avinAzI haiM aura sabake pUjyatama haiN| bhISmaparvAntargata gItA meM svayaM unase kahavAyA gayA hai-"maiM sabhI prANiyoM kA svAmI aura ajanmA haiN| mere svarUpa meM kabhI vyaya athavA vikAra nahIM hotA, tathApi apanI hI prakRti meM adhiSThita hokara maiM apanI hI mAyA se janma liyA karatA huuN|"3 mahAbhAratakAra ne grantha ke prArambha meM hI 'nArAyaNaM namaskRtya naracaiva narottamam' tathA 'OM namo bhagavate vAsudevAya' mantroM kA vidhAna kara una bhagavAna nArAyaNa, vAsudeva ko namaskAra kiyA hai / isa prakAra mahAbhArata meM viSNu ke avatAra, devakI-vasudeva ke putra zrI kRSNa svayaM bhagavAna vAsudeva haiM, nArAyaNa haiM ! vastutaH mahAbhArata meM zrI kRSNa vAsudeva tathA nArAyaNa paryAyavAcI haiN| jaina-paramparA meM bhI zrI kRSNa, vAsudeva haiM, nArAyaNa haiM ! jaina-sAhitya meM jina zreSaTha-zalAkApuruSoM ke carita varNana kI pradhAnatA hai, usameM zrI kRSNa, zalAkA puruSa vAsudeva (nArAyaNa) haiM ! unake vAsUdeva rUpa kA hI jaina-sAhitya meM varNana hai| tadanusAra unake viziSTa svarUpa kI vizeSatAeM jainasAhitya meM nimna prakAra haiM : (1) ve asAdhAraNa vIra va parAkrama sampanna haiN| unake vibhinna vIratApUrNa va sAhasika kAryoM se bAlyAvasthA se hI unake asAdhAraNa vyaktitva kA paricaya milane lagatA hai| (1) anugrahArthaM lokAnAM viSNurloka nmskRtH| vAsudevAta tu devakyAM prAdurbhUto mahAyazAH ||-aadiprv 6366 (2) kRSNa eva hI lokAnAmutpattirapi cAvyayaH / kRSNasya hI kRte vizvamidaM bhUtaM carAcaram / / eva prakRtiravyaktA kartAcaiva sanAtanaH / parazca sarvabhUtebhyastasmAt pUjyatamA'cyutaH ||-sbhaa parva 38 / 23-24 (3) gItA 4 / 6 musanmaaamwwwAAKARINAAMANAMANIMAainaariMALINGAMunmaarnamaAMINAAMIRASAINManoos NIMA RATNyArgava zrIAnanda aAnanda anazana VYAMwimmm VarnamaANYaviv..
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________________ w dr mwrd wrd fy mn` `j` lmt`t dm`hd Gyr mt`md m`tmd ` `tmhy `r `r`r `r`r `r```````````````````````fyfy ml`qh`h`nH` 156 itihAsa aura saMskRti (2) ve atyadhika prabhAvazAlI va zaktisampanna zAsaka haiN| unheM ardhacakravartI athathA trikhaNDAdhipati bhI kahA gayA hai| jaina-bhUgola ke anusAra sampUrNa deza ko 6 khaNDoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| inameM tIna khaNDa uttara bhArata ke tathA tIna khaNDa vindhyAcala (vijayArddha parvata) se nIce ke arthAt dakSiNa bhArata ke / zrIkRSNa kA dvArakA sahita sampUrNa dakSiNa kSetra meM pramAva thA, ataH unheM arddhacakravartI kahA gayA hai| (3) arddhacakravartI zAsaka hone ke kAraNa ve zakti, dhanuSa, gadA, cakra, kRpANa, zaMkha aura daNDa Adi sAta ratnoM ke dhAraka the|5 (4) unake kAryoM se adharma, anAcAra va azAnti kA nAza hotA hai| ve deza meM dharma tathA nyAya kI sthApanA karate haiN| (5) ve apane samAna balI, zaktizAlI va prabhutva sampanna zatru-rAjA, jise ki jaina-paramparA meM prativAsudeva (pratinArAyaNa) kahA hai; jo ki burI zaktiyoM-adharma, anAcAra, anyAya Adi ko prazraya dete haiM, hanana karate haiM / isa dRSTi se zrIkRSNa kA pratidvandvI jarAsandha thaa| usake hanana se loka meM sarvatra prasannatA chA jAtI hai aura svayaM devagaNa unakA vAsudeva rUpa meM abhinandana karate haiM tathA una para puSpavRSTi karate haiN| (6) ve atyadhika dhArmika vRtti ke haiM / dharma prabhAvanA meM unakA pUrNa yogadAna rahatA hai / sAtha hI rAjya, vaibhava tathA prabhutA ke prati unakA moha kA bhAva bhI hai, isalie tapasyA athavA vairAgya ke mahAna patha ke ve sAdhaka nahIM bana pAte haiN| ukta vivaraNa se spaSTa hai ki jaina-paramparA meM vAsudeva (nArAyaNa) se tAtparya mahAn parAkramI va atyadhika zaktisampanna ardha cakravartI zAsaka se hai, jo ki apane asAdhAraNa bala, parAkrama va zakti ke dvArA anAcArI aura atyAcAriyoM kA unmUlana karake, pIr3itoM va dIna-dukhiyoM kA uddhAra karate haiM aura isa prakAra dharma kI sthApanA kA mArga prazasta karate haiM / unakA Adarza mukhyataH lokarakSA kA hai / ataH samAja meM unake vIra svarUpa kI pUjA hotI hai ! spaSTa hI 'vAsudeva' zabda kA yaha prayoga mahAbhArata meM prayukta devAdhideva bhagavAna ke paryAyavAcI zabda 'vAsudeva' se pUrNataH bhinna hai| 'vAsudeva' zabda kI isa artha meM prayukti se aisI sambhAvanA bhI prakaTa hotI hai ki tatkAlIna bhArata meM vAsudeva eka viruda thA, jise atyadhika parAkramI va zaktizAlI zAsaka grahaNa kiyA karate the| zrIkRSNa (4) gaMgA siMdharNaiti veyaDaDhageNa bharahakhettammi / chakkhaMDaM saMjAdaM tANa vibhAgaM paruvemo / uttara dakSiNa bharahe khaMDANi tiNNi hoti patevakkaM / dakkhiNa tiya khaMDesu ajAkhaMDotti majjhio / -tiloyapaNNatti 41266-67 (5) mattI kodaMDa gadA cakkakviNANi saMkha daMDANi / iya satta mahArayaNA sohate addhacakkINaM ||-vhii 4 / 1434 hai|
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________________ zrI kRSNa kA vAsudevatva : jaina dRSTi 157 ne yaha viruda dhAraNa kiyA ataH ve vAsudeva bhI kahalAye / yaha bAta nirI sambhAvanA nahIM hai / isake pramANa nimna ullekhoM meM dekhe jA sakate haiM : (a) harivaMza purANa (bhaviSya parva) meM kAzIrAja pauMDraka kA kathAnaka AtA hai| isake anusAra jaba zrIkRSNa kailAza para tapasyA kara rahe the, taba pauMDraka ne apane sAthI rAjAoM ko bulAkara eka sabhA kI aura usameM ghoSaNA kI, "kRSNa, chala aura ghamaNDa se merI barAbarI kara rahA hai / maiMne apanA nAma vAsudeva rakhA hai, isalie usane bhI apanA nAma vAsudeva rakha liyA hai| mere pAsa jo astra-zastra haiM, vaise hI nAma vAle astra-zastra usane bhI dhAraNa karanA prArambha kara diyA hai|" isa ghoSaNA ke pazcAta apane adhInastha rAjAoM ko lekara usane dvArakA para AkramaNa kara diyaa| isa kathAnaka se yaha spaSTa AbhAsa hotA hai ki kRSNa aura pauMDraka kA saMgharSa mUlata: vAsudeva nAma dhAraNa karane ko lekara huaa| (ba) jaina-mAnyatA kI bAta Upara kahI jA cukI hai| jaina-kathA ke anusAra zrIkRSNa dvArakA sahita / dakSiNa bhArata ke prabhAvazAlI adhipati the| uttara bhArata meM jarAsandha unakI Takkara kA rAjA thaa| isalie zrIkRSNa va jarAsandha kI pratidvandvitA ne ugra rUpa dhAraNa kara liyaa| mUla jaina-srotoM ke anusAra to mahAbhArata kA yuddha zrIkRSNa va jarAsandha ke madhya lar3A gayA / kaurava-pANDavoM ne viparIta pakSoM se isameM bhAga liyaa| isa yuddha kI samApti zrIkRSNa dvArA jarAsandha-vadha se hotI hai| isa avasara para devatAoM dvArA zrIkRSNa kA 'vAsudeva' rUpa meM abhinandana karane tathA puSpavRSTi karane kA varNana jaina-purANoM meM huA hai| isI yuddha ke pariNAmasvarUpa zrIkRSNa ne jarAsandha ke pUtra sahadeva ko magadha ke siMhAsana para pratiSThita kiyA aura isa prakAra uttara bhArata meM bhI apane prabhAva kA prasAra kiyaa| dhyAna dene kI bAta hai ki jainaparamparA meM jarAsandha ko prativAsudeva kahA gayA hai, parantu zakti, parAkrama va prabhAva meM donoM ko samAna kahA gayA hai / isa vivaraNa se bhI yahI dhvanita hotA hai ki kRSNa-jarAsandha kI pratidvandvitA kA AdhAra 'vAsudevatva' thA, tabhI to kRSNa kI vijaya para unake vAsudeva rUpa meM abhinandita hone kI bAta kahI gaI hai| (sa) ghata jAtaka ke anusAra yaha spaSTa hai ki bauddhoM ne bhI zrIkRSNa ke lie vAsudeva nAma hI prayukta kiyA hai / bauddha-kathA meM bhI vAsudeva kI zakti va parAkrama kA hI varNana hai| kaMsa ko mArakara unhoMne ayodhyA ke rAjA ko jItA aura isa prakAra apanI zakti bar3hAte hue dvArakA jAkara apanI rAjadhAnI sthApita kii| isa ullekha se bhI 'vAsudeva' ke zreSTha va zaktizAlI rAjA ke svarUpa kA bodha hotA hai| ___ isase yahI niSkarSa puSTa hotA hai ki apane vAstavika aitihAsika rUpa meM devakI-vasudeva ke putra, yAdava-kula-ziromaNi, vIrazreSTha zrIkRSNa, dvArakA ke zaktizAlI adhipati va eka prabhAvazAlI rAjA the| unake devAdhideva rUpa meM pratiSThita ho jAne para kAlAntara meM jo unake sAtha aneka prakAra kI lIlAoM Adi kI bAteM jur3a gaI haiM, unakA zrIkRSNa ke mahAna caritra se vastuta: koI sambandha nhiiN| apane mUla rUpa meM dvArakAdhIza zrIkRSNa eka alaukika vIra puruSa haiM aura yahI sambhAvanA hai ki unakI vIra-pUjA ko hI sarvaprathama pratiSThA milI / jaina-sAhitya meM unakI vIra-pUjA ko hI sthAna milA hai| cUMki jaina-darzana kisI parama sattA (paramAtmA) ke astitva ko svIkAra bhI nahIM karatA hai, ataH usake avatAra rUpa meM yA svayaM usI ke rUpa meM zrIkRSNa kI pratiSThA jaina-sAhitya meM sambhava bhI nahIM thii| AKAA EHUL A ha KMUHEbhAcAryapravacana zrAAnandaAThapa prA6292 Marwana