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________________ vidyAbhUSaNa paM. ke. bhujabalI zAstrI sampAdaka 'gurudeva' mUDabidrI karNATaka ke jaina zAsaka dakSiNa bhArata se jainadharma kA sambandha suprAcIna kAla se hai. bhAgavata ke kathAnusAra bhagavan RSabhadeva kA bihAra karNATaka ke koMka, baiMka, kuTakAdi pradezoM meM bhI huA thA. koMka se vartamAna koMkaNa aura kuTaka se koDagu kA sambandha hai. isa bAta ko meM anyatra' sapramANa siddha kara cukA hU~. udhara bauddhoM ke prAmANika graMtha mahAvaMzAdi se bhI dakSiNa meM jainadharma kA astitva sudIrgha kAla se siddha hotA hai. dvArikA ke nAza ko pahale hI jAnakara, bhagavAn neminAtha ke pallava deza meM jAne kA ullekha, jainAgamoM meM spaSTa aMkita hai. yoM to I0 pUrva cauthI zatAbdI sambandhI zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kI dakSiNayAtrA kI ghaTanA ko prAyaH sabhI itihAsajJa svIkAra karate haiM. khaira, aba prastuta viSaya para AeM. tamilu prAnta meM, pAMDyoM kI rAjadhAnI madhurA jainoM kA kendra rahA. pAMDya nareza jaina dharmAnuyAyI the. khArabela ke zilAlekha se vidita hotA hai ki unake rAjyabhiSeka ke zubhAvasara para tatkAlIna pAMDaya nareza ne dhAnyoM se bhare hue katipaya jahAjoM ko bheMTa rUpa se unheM bhejA thA. isa pAMDya vaMza kI eka zAkhA dakSiNa kannaDa jilAntargata bArakUra meM bhI rAjya karatI rahI. tamilu graMtha nAlaDiyAra se jJAta hotA hai ki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha uttara se dakSiNa meM jo eka vizAla munisaMgha AyA thA, usa saMgha ke hajAroM vidvAn muni dharmapracArArtha isI tamilu prAnta meM Akara raha gaye the. AcAya pUjyapAda ke ziSya vajranandI ne lagabhaga pAMcavI zatI meM madhurA meM eka vizAla jainasaMgha ko sthApita kiyA thA. katipaya vidvAnoM kI rAya se suprasiddha kurala graMtha ke racayitA, jainoM ke prAtaH smaraNIya AcArya kuMdakuMda hI hai. sara vAlTara iliyaTa ke mata se dakSiNa meM kalA-kauzala evaM sAhitya para jainoM kA kAphI prabhAva par3A hai. kAlavena ne bhI likhA hai ki-jainoM kI unnati kA yuga hI tamilu sAhitya kA mahAyuga hai. eka jamAne meM sAre dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma kA gaharA prabhAva thA. zrI zeSagirirAva ke abhiprAya se vartamAna vizAkhapaTTaNa, kRSNa, nellUra Adi pradezoM meM jainadharma vizeSa rUpa se phailA thA. phira bhI karNATaka ke itihAsa meM jainadharma kA jo mahattvapUrNa sthAna surakSita hai, vaha anyatra kahIM nahIM hai. karNATaka meM I0 pU0 se hI jainadharma maujUda thA. mAnya anveSaka vidvAnoM kI rAya se zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha hI karNATaka meM jainadharma kA Agamana huA. kintu katipaya vidvAno kI yaha bhI rAya hai ki bhadrabAhu kI yAtrA ke pUrva bhI dakSiNa meM jainadharma avazya rahA hogA. anyathA zrutakevalIjI ko itane bar3e saMgha ko isa sudUra dakSiNa meM livA lAne kA sAhasa kabhI nahIM hotA. apane anuyAyI bhaktoM se bharose para hI unhoMne isa gurutara kAma ko kiyA hogA. zilAlekhoM se patA calatA hai ki maurya aura AMdhra vaMza ke pazcAt karNATaka meM rAjya karane vAle kadaMba aura pallava vaMza ke zAsaka bhI jaina dharmAvalaMbI the. khAsakara banabAsi ke prAcIna kadaMba aura pallavoM ke bAda tolava (vartamAna dakSiNa kannaDa z2ilA) meM rAjya karane vAle cAlukya niHsandeha jaina dharmAnuyAyI the. cAlukyoM ne aneka devAlayoM ko dAna diyA hai. 1. dekho isase sabandhita lekhaka kA nibandha. 4H / nal Use Sihty / Vater W e library.org
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________________ paM0 ke0 60 bhujabalI zAstrI : karNATaka ke jaina zAsaka : 571 aitihAsika puruSa mAdhava aura daDiMga donoM jainAcArya siMhanaMdI gaMga zAsaka jaina dharmAvalaMbI the. isa vaMza ke Adima ke ziSya the. siMhanaMdI ke hI dvArA gaMgavADi rAjya sthApita huA thA. isa vaMza ke zAsakoM ne I0 san 250 se 675 taka rAjya kiyA thA. I0 san 475 meM rAjya karane vAle isa vaMza ke zAsaka avinIta ke guru, jaina paNDita vijayakIrti the. yaha avinIta vidvAn thA. durvinIta isI kA putra thA. yaha durvinIta prasiddha jainAcArya pUjyavAda kA ziSya rahA. isa vaMza ke zAsakoM ne pallava, cola aura cAlukyoM ko jIta kara karNATaka kA dIrgha kAla taka vaibhava pUrvaka zAsana kiyA. durvinIta ke putra muSkara ke nAma se dhAravAr3a jilAMtargata lakSmezvara meM eka sundara jinamaMdira nirmANa karAyA gayA thA. isI vaMza ke pratApI rAjA mArasiMha ne cera, cola aura pANDya rAjAoM ko pUrNataH harAyA thA. yaha jainadharma kA pakkA anuyAyI thA. mArasiMha vaibhavapUrvaka rAjya zAsana kara aMta meM rAjya ko tyAga kara, jainAcArya guru ajitasena ke pAdamUla meM jinadIkSA lekara, dhAravAr3a jilAMtargata baMkApura meM, I0 san 175 meM, samAdhi maraNa pUrvaka svargavAsI huA thA. zravaNa velgola meM vizvavikhyAta bAhubalI kI mUrti ko sthApita karane vAlA vIramArtaNDa cAvuMDarAya isI mArasiMha kA maMtrI evaM senAnAyaka thA. ise tribhuvanavIra, satyayudhiSThira, vIramArtaNDa Adi aneka upAdhiyA~ prApta thIM. cAvaMDarAya siddhAMtacakravartI nemicandrajI kA ziSya thA. isake dvArA gaMgarAjya aura jainadharma donoM kI AzAtIta unnati huI thI. cAvuMDarAya saMskRta, kannaDa Adi bhASAoM kA bar3A paNDita thA. khaira, gaMgo kA astitva karNATaka meM solavIM zatAbdI taka maujUda thA. isa vaMza ke avasAna ke bAda karNATaka meM hoysala zAsakoM ne jainadharma ko Azraya diyA. hoyasala vaMza ke mUla puruSa sala ne jaina muni sudatta kI sahAyatA se hI isa vaMza ko sthApita kiyA thA. bAda meM isa vaMza ke zAsaka vinayAditya ne jainAcArya zAMtideva ke AzIrvAda se gaMgavaDi kA mahAmaNDalezvara huA. isane apane zAsanakAla meM aneka jinamaMdira aura sarovaroM ko nirmANa karAyA thA. vinayAditya kA putra yuvarAja ereyaMga bar3A vIra thA. isane apane zraddheya guru AcArya gopanaMdI ko, zramaNabelagolastha caMdragiri ke jinAlayoM ke jIrNoddhAra ke liye katipaya grAmoM ko dAna meM de diyA thA. ye saba bAteM zravaNabelagola ke zilA lekhoM meM spaSTa aMkita haiM. vinayAditya ke uparAMta ballAla zAsaka niyukta huA. yaha ballAla jaba eka bhayaMkara roga se pIr3ita huA, taba zravaNabelagola ke tatkAlIna maThAdhIza cArukIrtijI ne hI use usa roga se mukta kiyA thA. isake upalakSya meM ballAla ne cArukIrtijI ko 'ballAlajIvarakSaka' upAdhi se alaMkRta kiyA thA. ballAla ke mAmA daNDanAyaka mariyaNNa ne sukhacaMdrAcArya ke netRtva meM belegere meM eka sundara jinamandira nirmANakArA kara vaibhavapUrNaka usakI pratiSThA kI thI. kahA jAtA hai ki ballAla kA uttarAdhikArI vidvideva rAmAnujAcArya ke upadeza se vaiSNava dharmAnuyAyI ho gayA thA. parantu aMta taka use jainadharma para bar3I zraddhA rahI. isake liye eka-do nahIM, aneka udAharaNa diye jA sakate haiM. biTTivardhana kI paTarAnI zAMtalA AcArya zrIprabhAcandra kIpa kkI ziSyA rahI. isane zravaNabelagola meM 'savatigaMdhavAraNabasadi' nAmaka eka sundara zilAmaya jinAlaya nirmANa karAkara usameM apane nAmAnukUla bhagavAn zrI zAMtinAtha kI mUrti sthApita kI thI. aMta meM zAMtalA ne sallekhanA dvArA apanA zarIra tyAga kiyA thA. hoysala rAjya meM eka-do nahIM, prabhAvazAlI aneka jaina zrAvaka unnatAdhikAra meM pratiSThita the. gaMgarAja biTTideva kA pradhAnamantrI evaM senA-nAyaka rahA. yaha gaMgarAja zrIzubhacandra kA ziSya thA. isane govindavADi grAma ko zrIgommaTezvara kI sevA ke liye sAdara evaM saharSa samarpita kiyA thA. gaMgarAja ne cAlukya nareza tribhuvanamalla kI prabala senA ko vIratA se jItane ke upalakSya meM biTTideva dvArA bahumAna meM prApta parama grAma ko mAtApocikabbe aura patnI lakSmI ke dvArA nirmApita jinamandira ko samarpita kiyA thA. gaMgarAja kA bar3A bhAI bambha bhI hoysala rAjya kA senApati thA. gaMgarAja ne apanI pUjya mAtA kI smRti meM, zravaNabelgola meM' kattalebasa di' ke nAma se eka sundara jinAlaya nirmANa karAyA thA. isakI patnI lakSmI ke dvArA bhI zravaNabelagola meM 'eraDukaTTebasadi' ke nAma se eka manojJa jinamandira nirmANa huA thA. isa gaMgarAja ke putra boppaNa ke dvArA bhI zravaNa Jain Education international nal Use Only H www.lainelibrary.org
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________________ 572 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : tRtIya adhyAya belgola meM eka jinamandira banavAyA gayA thA. yaha boppaNa mahArAjA biTTideva kA catura senApati thA. boppaNa kI patnI senAnAyaka mariyaNNa evaM bharata kI (vyoTI) choTI bahana thI. mariyaNNa aura bharata ye donoM prathama narasiMha (I0 san 1141-1173) ke senAnAyaka rahe ina sahodaroM ne saikar3oM mandira banavAye aura zravaNabelgola meM candragiri para bharatabAhubalI kI mUrtiyA~ bhI sthApita kI. gaMDavimukta siddhAntadeva ina sahodaroM ke zraddheya guru the. isa hoyasala senA meM puruSa hI nahIM, apane pUjya pati senApati punISa ke sAtha jaina vIrAMganA jakkiyabbA bhI senAnAyikA rahI. ye donoM pati-patnI zrIajitasenAcArya ke ziSya the. uparyukta ye sabhI bAteM zravaNabelgola ke zilAlekhoM meM maujUda haiM. jainadharma kA parama zraddhAlu hulla hoysala zAsaka biTTideva, narasiMha aura vIraballAla ina tInoM ke zAsana kAla meM kozAdhikArI thA. hulla ko zAsana-kArya evaM rAjyaghaTanA ke nirmANa meM yogaMdharAya aura rAjanIti meM bRhaspati se bhI pravINa batalAyA hai. yaha mahAmaNDalAcArya devakIti kA ziSya thA. isane thavaNabelgola meM zilAmaya 'caturvizatittIthaMkarabasadi' ke nAma se eka sundara jina mandira banavAyA thA. rAjA narasiMha jaba yAtrArtha zramaNabelgola gayA, taba isa mandira kI pUjA ke liye isane sabaNeru nAmaka grAma ko dAna meM de diyA thA. hulla kI prArthanA se isa dAna kA samarthana ballAla dvitIya ne bhI kiyA thA. isa prakAra gaMgarAja, hulla aura boppaNa Adi zraddhAlu jaina zrAvakoM ne hoysala zAsakoM se jaina dharma kI bar3I-bar3I sevAe~ karAI haiM. ina logoM ne svayaM bhI jainadharma kI apAra sevA bajAkara, jaina itihAsa meM apanA nAma amara kara diyA hai. aba rASTra kUTa rAjavaMza ko lIjie. isa vaMza ke zAsanakAla meM bhI karNATaka meM jainadharma vizeSa unnati para thA. rASTrakUTagaMzI amoghavarSa prathama (I0 san 815-77) jainadharmAnuyAyI thA. isakI rAjadhAnI malakheDa yA mAnyakheTa thI. isake rAjya meM karNATaka hI nahIM, mahArASTra kA bahubhAga bhI zAmila thA. amoghavarSa ke guru Adi purANa ke racayitA bhagavajjinasena the. ise nRpa tuMga aura atizayadhavala upAdhiyA~ thIM. amoghavarSa ne vaibhavapUrNaka rAjya zAsana kara aMta meM jinadIkSA lI thI. amoghavarSa ke zAsanakAla meM jaina vAGmaya vizeSa rUpa se pravardhamAna hubhA. dhavalA, jayadhavalA, zAkaTAyanavyAkaraNa kI amoghavRtti aura gaNitasAra Adi bahumUlya kRtiyA~ isI ke zAsanakAla meM racI gaIM. rASTrakUTa zAsakoM meM prAya: sabhI zAsaka jainadharma ke anuyAyI the. kRSNa dvitIya ke guru AcArya guNabhadra the. isI ke zAsanakAla meM jaina vIrAMganA jakkimabbe nAgarakhaMDa meM dakSatA se rAjya karatI rahI. rASTrakUTa ke aMtima zAsaka indra ne anta meM zravaNabelagola jAkara I0 san 684 meM samAdhimaraNa svIkAra kiyA thA. rASTrakUTa zAsakoM ke sAmaMta, jaina vIra baMkeya, isakA suyogya putralokAditya, nAgArjuna Adi karNATakIya rAjanIti kI unnati evaM saMskRti ke utthAna meM pUrNa sahayogI raheM. cAlukyavaMza jaina dharmAnuyAyI nahIM thA. phira bhI isa vaMza ke zAsaka jainadharma se vizeSa prabhAvita the. isa vaMza ke pula kezi dvitIya ke guru jainAcArya ravikIrti the. isI prakAra viniyAditya ke dharmaguru jaina vidvAn nirvivyadeva rahe vikramAditya kA vivAha to jaina rAjavaMza se hI huA thA. isakI rAnI tathA iMgaligi prAMta kI zAsikA jAkaladevI ke dvArA vahA~ para do sundara jinamandira nirmANa karAye gaye the. cAlukya zAsakoM ne jaina kaviyoM ko bhI saharSa Azrama diyA thA. kannaDa AdipurANa kA kartA yazasvI mahAkavi paMpa cAlukya rAja-sabhA kA bhUSaNa thA. baTTiga ke dvArA nirmApita eka jinAlaya ke liye arikesarI ne somadevasUrI ko eka gAMva dAna meM diyA thA. rAmasvAmI ayyaMgAra ke mata se kalacUri rAjavaMza pakkA jainadharmAnuyAyI thA. isa bAta ko unhoMne apanI kRti meM puSTa pramANoM se siddha kiyA hai. vijayanagara sAmrAjya ke kAla meM bhI jaina vIroM kA sAhasa kuMThita nahIM huA thA. senAnAyaka baicaNNa, vIra, zAMta, daMDanAyaka camUpa Adi jaina hI the. inhIM vIroM kI madada se harihara ko siMhAsana milA. bukkarAya ke zAsanakAla meM bhI daNDanAyaka, muNDapa mallappa aura baicappa kA putra irugappa Adi sammAna pUrvaka avikArArUr3ha rahe. irugappa harihara dvitIya kA bhI maMtrI thA. prathama devarAya kI patnI bhImAdevI jainadharmAvalaMbinI thI. isane 'zravaNabelagolasya maMgAyibasadi' meM bhagavAn pAvanAtha kI mUrtisthApita kI thI. devarAya ne bhI vijayanagara meM pArzvanAthabasadi ko nirmANa karAyA thA. vijayanagara ke ina zAsakoM ne jainadharma se pravAhita ho, aneka jinAlayoM ko dAna bhI diyA hai. isa vaMza ke pratApI samrAT bukkarAya prathama Jain Education Inte myamelibrary.org
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________________ paM0 ke0 bhujabalI zAstrI : karNATaka ke jaina zAsaka : 173 ke I0 san 1365 kA eka lekha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai. yaha lekha zravaNabelgolasya 'bhaMDAribasadi' meM Aja bhI maujUda hai. isa lekha meM likhA hai ki jainadharmAvalabiyoM ke dvArA bukkarAya se vaiSNavoM kI ora se hone vAle atyAcAra kI zikAyata kI jAne para bukkarAya ne jaina aura vaiSNava donoM sampradAyoM ke prabhAvazAlI vyaktiyoM ko ekatrita kara jaina bhaktoM kA hAtha vaiSNavoM ke hAtha meM rakha kara, donoM meM mela karAyA. sAtha hI ghoSaNA kI ki jaina aura vaiSNava donoM mata abhinna haiM. donoM eka hI zarIra ke aMga haiM. isI prakAra ceMgAlva, koMgAlva, zAMtara Adi dakSiNa ke kaI jaina sAmaMta zAsaka bhI kAphI prasiddha rahe. khAsakara tolava [dakSiNa kannaDa] ke berarasa, baMga, ajila, mUla, cauTa, sevaMta, biNNANi, konna Adi kaI sAmaMta zAsaka, pakke jaina-dharmAvalaMbI ho vaibhavapUrvaka yahA~ para zAsana karate rahe. ina sAmaMtoM meM se bairarasa ke dvArA kArakalastha gommaTa-mUrti aura nimmaNNa ajila ke dvArA veNUrastha gommaTa-mUrti samArohapUrvaka sthApita kI gaI thI. isa prakAra eka jamAne meM karNATaka meM jainadharma liye ke jaina zAsakoM kA bar3A bala rahA. vaha jamAnA jainadharma ke liye suvarNa-yuga hI thA. SATH hAlapaNa Jain Education Intemational