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________________ karma kA sAmAjika saMdarbha - DaoN. mahAvIra sarana jaina AdhyAtmika dRSTi se karma siddhAnta para bar3I gaharAI se vicAra huA hai| usake sAmAjika sandarbho kI prAsaMgikatA para bhI vicAra karanA apekSita hai| AdhyAtmika dRSTi se vyakti mAyA ke kAraNa apanA prakRta svabhAva bhUla jAtA hai / rAga-dveSa se pramatta jIva indriyoM ke vazIbhUta hokara mana, vacana, kAya se karmoM kA saMcaya karatA hai| jaise dUdha aura pAnI paraspara mila jAte haiM, vaise hI karma-pudgala ke paramANu Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha saMzliSTa ho jAte haiN| jisa prakAra loha-piMDa ko agni meM DAla dene para usake kaNa-kaNa meM agni parivyApta ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra AtmA ke asaMkhyAta pradezoM para ananta-ananta karma vargaNA ke pudgala saMzliSTa ho jAte haiN| jIva anAdi kAla se saMsArI hai / daihika sthitiyoM se jakar3I huI AtmA ke kriyAkalApoM meM zarIra (pudgala) sahAyaka evaM bAdhaka hotA hai| AtmA kA guNa caitanya aura pudgala kA guNa acaitanya hai| AtmA evaM pudgala bhinna dharmI haiM phira inakA anAdi pravAhI sambandha hai| AtmA evaM zarIra ke saMyoga se "vaibhAvika guNa" utpanna hote haiN| ye haiM-paudgalika mana, zvAsa-prazvAsa, AhAra, bhASA / ye guNa na to AtmA ke haiM aura na zarIra ke haiN| donoM ke saMyoga se hI ye utpanna hote haiM / manuSya kI mRtyu ke samaya zvAsa-prazvAsa, AhAra evaM bhASA ke guNa to samApta ho jAte haiM kintu pudgala-karma ke Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha saMzliSTa ho jAne ke kAraNa eka "paudgalika zarIra" usake sAtha nirmita ho jAtA hai jo dehAntara karate samaya usake sAtha rahatA hai| sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa, zabda rUpa mUrta-pudgaloM kA nimitta pAkara arthAt zarIra kI indriyoM dvArA viSayoM kA grahaNa karane para AtmA rAga-dveSa evaM moha rUpa meM pariNamana karatI hai| isI se karmoM kA bandhana hotA hai| karmoM kA utpAdaka moha tathA usake bIja rAga evaM dveSa haiN| karma kI upAdhi se AtmA kA zuddha svabhAva AcchAdita ho jAtA hai / karmoM ke bandhana se AtmA kI virUpa avasthA ho jAtI hai / bandhanoM kA abhAva athavA AvaraNoM kA haTanA hI mukti hai| mukti kI dazA meM AtmA apane zuddha svarUpa avasthA meM sthita ho jAtI hai| Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 286 ] [ karma siddhAnta isa tathya ko bhAratIya-darzana svIkAra karate haiN| AtmA ke "AvaraNoM" ko bhinna nAmoM dvArA vyakta kiyA gayA hai kintu mUla avadhAraNA meM antara nahIM hai / AtmA ke AvaraNa ko jaina darzana karma-pudgala, bauddha-darzana tRSNA evaM vAsanA, vedAnta-darzana avidyA-ajJAna ke kAraNa mAyA tathA yoga-darzana 'prakRti' ke nAma se abhihita karate haiM / __ AvaraNoM ko haTAkara mukta kisa prakAra huA jA sakatA hai ? kartAvAdIsampradAya paramezvara ke anugraha, zaktipAta, dIkSA tathA upAya ko isake hetu mAna lete haiM / jo darzana jIva meM hI karmoM ko karane kI svAtaMtrya zakti mAnakara jIvAtmA ke puruSArtha ko svIkRti pradAna karate haiM tathA karmAnusAra phala-prApti meM vizvAsa rakhate haiM, ve sAdhanA-mArga tathA sAdhanoM para vizvAsa rakhate haiN| koI zIla, samAdhi tathA prajJA kA vidhAna karatA hai, koI zravaNa, manana evaM nididhyAsana kA upadeza detA hai| jaina darzana samyak jJAna, samyak darzana, samyak cAritrya ke sammilita rUpa ko mokSa-mArga kA kAraNa mAnatA hai| - isase inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki jo karma karatA hai, vahI usakA phala bhogatA hai / jo jaisA karma karatA hai usake anusAra vaisA hI karma-phala bhogatA hai / isI kAraNa sabhI jIvoM meM Atma zakti hote hue bhI ve karmoM kI bhinnatA ke kAraNa jIvana kI nAnAgatiyoM, yoniyoM, sthitiyoM meM bhinna rUpa meM paribhramita haiM / yaha karma kA sAmAjika saMdarbha hai / sAmAjika stara para 'karmavAda' vyakti ke puruSArtha ko jAgRta karatA hai / yaha use sahI mAyane meM sAmAjika evaM mAnavIya banane kI preraNA pradAna karatA hai / usameM naitikatA ke saMskAroM ko upajAtA hai| vyakti ko yaha vizvAsa dilAtA hai ki acche karma kA phala acchA hotA hai tathA bure karma kA phala burA hotA hai| rAgadveSa vAlA pApakarmI jIva saMsAra meM usI prakAra pIr3ita hotA hai jaise viSama mArga para calatA huA andhA vyakti / prANI jaise karma karate haiM, unakA phala unheM unhIM ke karmoM dvArA svataH mila jAtA hai / karma ke phala bhoga ke lie karma aura usake karane vAle ke atirikta kisI tIsarI zakti kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| samAna sthitiyoM meM bhI do vyaktiyoM kI bhinna mAnasika pratikriyAe~ karma-bheda ko spaSTa karatI haiN| __karma vargaNA ke paramANu loka meM sarvatra bhare haiN| hameM karma karane hI pdd'eNge| zarIra hai to kriyA bhI hogii| kriyA hogI to karma-vargaNA ke paramANu prAtmapradeza kI ora AkRSTa hoMge hii| to kyA hama kriyA karanA banda karadeM ? kyA phira koI vyakti jIvita raha sakatA hai ? kyA aisI sthiti meM sAmAjika jIvana cala sakatA hai ? khetI kaise hogI ? kala kArakhAne kaise caleMge? vastuoM kA utpAdana kaise hogA ? kyA karma hIna sthiti meM koI jindA raha sakatA hai| Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ karma kA sAmAjika saMdarbha ] [ 287 karma kA mUla kSaNa hiMsA hai / ahiMsA se bar3hakara dUsarI koI sAdhanA nahIM hai / isI ahiMsA ke vyAvahArika jIvana meM pAlana karane ke sambandha meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya meM bhI jijJAsAyeM uThI thIM / jala meM jIva haiM, sthala para jIva haiM, prakAza meM bhI sarvatra jIva haiM / jIvoM se ThasAThasa bhare isa loka meM bhikSu ahiMsaka kaise raha sakatA hai ? hameM karma karane hI pdd'eNge| mArga meM calate hue anajAne yadi koI jIva Ahata ho jAve to kyA vaha hiMsA ho jAvegI ? yadi vaha hiMsA hai to kyA hama akarmaNya ho jAveM ? kriyA karanI banda kara deM ? aisI sthiti meM samAja kA kArya kisa prakAra sampanna ho sakatA hai ? mahAvIra ne ina jijJAsAoM kA samAdhAna kiyA / unhoMne ahiMsA ke pratipAdana dvArA vyakti ke citta ko bahuta gahare se prabhAvita kiyA / unhoMne loka ke jIva mAtra ke uddhAra kA vaijJAnika mArga khoja nikAlA / unhoMne saMsAra meM prANiyoM ke prati prAtmatulyatA - bhAva kI jAgRti kA upadeza diyA, zatru evaM mitra sabhI prANiyoM para samabhAva kI dRSTi rakhane kA zaMkhanAda kiyA / yahA~ Akara AdhyAtmika dRSTi evaM sAmAjika dRSTi paraspara pUraka ho jAtI haiM / AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra karanA hai / zrApa kyA haiM ? "maiN"| isa "maiM" ko jisa cetanA zakti ke dvArA jAnate haiM, vahI AtmA hai / bAkI anya sabhI "para" haiM / apane ko anyoM se nikAla lo - zuddha AtmA ke svarUpa meM sthita ho jAo / prAtma sAkSAtkAra kA dUsarA rAstA bhI hai / apane ko anya sabhI meM bA~Ta do / samasta jIvoM para maitrIbhAva rakho / sampUrNa vizva ko samabhAva se dekhane para sAdhaka ke lie na koI priya raha jAtA hai na koI apriya / apane ko anyoM meM bA~Ta dene para Atma tulyatA kI pratIti hotI hai / jo sAdhaka AtmA ko AtmA se jAna letA hai, vaha eka ko jAnakara sabako jAna letA hai / eka ko jAnanA hI sabako jAnanA hai tathA sabako samabhAva se jAnanA hI apane ko jAnanA hai / donoM hI sthitiyA~ kevala nAmAntara mAtra haiM / donoM meM hI rAga-dva eSa ke prasaMgoM meM sama kI sthiti hai, rAga evaM dveSa se pratIta hone kI prakriyA hai / rAga-dveSa hInatA dhArmika banane kI prathama sIr3hI hai / isI kAraNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA ki bhavyAtmAoM ko cAhie ki ve samasta saMsAra ko samabhAva se dekheM / kisI ko priya evaM kisI ko apriya na banAveM / zatru athavA mitra sabhI prANiyoM para samabhAva kI dRSTi rakhanA hI ahiMsA hai / / samabhAva evaM AtmatulyatA kI dRSTi kA vikAsa hone para vyakti apane Apa hiMsaka ho jAtA hai / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki prANI mAtra jIvita rahane kI icchA rakhate haiM / sabako apanA jIvana priya hai / sabhI jIva jInA cAhate haiM, maranA koI nahIM cAhatA / sabhI prANiyoM ko duHkha apriya hai / isa kAraNa kisI Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 288 ] [ karma siddhAnta bhI prANI ko mAranA tathA duHkha pahu~cAnA hiMsA hai tathA kisI bhI prANI ko na mAranA tathA use du:kha na pahu~cAnA hI ahiMsA hai / isakA vyakti kI mAnasikatA ke sAtha sambandha hai / isa kAraNa mahAvIra ne kahA ki apramatta AtmA ahiMsaka hai / eka kisAna apanI kriyA karate hue yadi anajAne jIva hiMsA kara bhI detA hai to bhI hiMsA kI bhAvanA usake sAtha jur3atI nahIM hai / bhale hI hama kisI kA vadha na kareM, kintu kisI kA vadha karane kA vicAra yadi hamAre mastiSka meM A jAtA hai to usakA sambandha hamArI mAnasikatA se sampRkta ho jAtA hai / isI kAraNa kahA gayA hai ki rAga-dveSa kA aprAdurbhAva ahiMsA evaM usakA prAdurbhAva hiMsA hai / rAga-dveSa rahita pravRtti meM azakya koTi ke prANiyoM kA prANavadha ho jAe to bhI naizcayika hiMsA nahIM hotI, rAga-dveSa sahita pravRtti se prANavadha na hone para bhI hiMsA hotI hai / hiMsA dharma kA pratIka hai tathA ahiMsA dharma kA / hiMsA se pAzavikatA kA janma hotA hai, ahiMsA se mAnavIyatA evaM sAmAjikatA kA / dUsaroM kA naSTa karane kI nahIM, apane kalyANa ke sAtha-sAtha dUsaroM kA bhI kalyANa karane kI pravRtti ne manuSya ko sAmAjika evaM mAnavIya banAyA hai / prakRti se ha AdamI hai / saMsArI hai / rAga-dveSa yukta hai / karmoM ke bandhanoM se jakar3A huA hai / usake jIvana meM rAga ke kAraNa lobha evaM kAma kI tathA dveSa ke kAraNa krodha evaM vaira kI vRttiyoM kA saMcAra hotA hai / lobha ke kAraNa bAhya padArthoM meM hamArI Asakti evaM anurakti bar3hatI jAtI hai / kAma se mAyA evaM moha bar3hatA hai / mAyA se dambha ahaMkAra evaM pramAda bar3hatA hai / moha se Asakta ajJAnI sAdhaka vipatti prAne para dharma ke prati avajJA karate hue punaH punaH saMsAra kI ora lau par3ate haiM / krodha evaM vaira ke kAraNa saMgharSa evaM kalaha kA vAtAvaraNa panapatA hai / eka ora ahaMkAra se krodha upajatA hai, dUsarI ora ahaMkAra ke kAraNa krodha kA vikAsa hotA hai / krodha ke abhyAsa se vyakti kA viveka naSTa ho jAtA hai / usakA jIvana darzana vidhvaMsAtmaka ho jAtA hai / usakI mAnavIyatA evaM sAmAjikatA naSTa ho jAtI hai / dhArmika cetanA evaM naitikatA bodha se vyakti meM mAnavIya bhAvanA kA vikAsa hotA hai / usakA jIvana sArthaka hotA hai / Aja vyakti kA dharmagata AcaraNa para se vizvAsa uTha gayA hai| pahale ke vyakti kI jIvana kI nirantaratA evaM samagratA para AsthA thI / usakA yaha vizvAsa thA ki vyakti ke karma kA prabhAva usake agale janma para par3atA hai / vaha yaha mAnatA thA ki vartamAna jIvana kI hamArI sArI samasyAe~ hamAre atIta ke Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ karma kA sAmAjika saMdarbha ] [ 286 1 jIvana ke karmoM kA phala hai / vartamAna jIvana ke AcaraNa ke dvArA hamAre bhaviSya kA svarUpa nirdhArita hogA / vaha vartamAna jIvana ko sAdhana tathA bhaviSya ko sAdhya mAnakara calatA thA / punarjanma ke vizvAsa kI AdhAra bhUmi para hI 'karmoM ke phala' ke siddhAnta kA pravartana huA / Aja ke vyakti kI dRSTi 'vartamAna' ko hI sukhI banAne para hai / vaha apane vartamAna ko adhikAdhika sukhI banAnA cAhatA hai / apanI sArI icchAoM ko isI jIvana meM tRpta kara lenA cAhatA hai / Aja kA mAnava saMzaya aura dvidhA ke caurAhe para khar3A hai / vaha sukha kI talAza meM bhaTaka rahA hai / dhana baTora rahA hai / bhautika upakaraNa jor3a rahA hai / vaha apanA makAna banAtA hai / AlIzAna imArata banAne ke svapna ko mUrtimAna karatA hai / makAna sajAtA hai / sophAseTa, vAtAnukUlita vyavasthA, ma~hage parde, prakAza dhvani ke Adhunikatama uparakaNa evaM unake dvArA racita mohaka prabhAva / usako yaha saba acchA lagatA hai / jina logoM ko jindagI jIne ke nyUnatama sAdhana upalabdha nahIM ho pAte ve saMgharSa karate haiN| Aja ve abhAva kA kAraNa apane vigata karmoM ko na mAnakara sAmAjikavyavasthA ko mAnate haiM / samAja se apekSA rakhate haiM ki vaha unheM jindagI jIne kI sthitiyA~ muhaiyA karAve / yadi aisA nahIM ho pAtA to ve Aja hAtha para hAtha dharakara baiThane ke lie taiyAra nahIM haiM / ve sArI sAmAjika vyavasthA ko naSTabhraSTa kara dene ke lie betAba haiM / vyakti ke cintana ko phrAyaDa evaM mArksa donoM ne prabhAvita kiyA hai / phrAyaDa ne vyakti kI pravRttiyoM evaM sAmAjika naitikatA ke bIca 'saMgharSa' evaM 'dvandva' ko abhivyakta kiyA hai / usakI dRSTi meM 'saiksa' sarvAdhika pramukha hai / isI ekAMgI dRSTikoNa se jIvana ko vizleSita evaM vivecita karane kA pariNAma 'kInse riporTa' ke rUpa meM sAmane AyA / isa riporTa ne saiksa ke mAmale meM manuSya manaHsthitiyoM kA vizleSaNa karake 'nArmala AdamI' ke vyavahAra ke mAnadaNDa nirdhArita kie / saMyama kI sImAyeM TUTane lagIM / bhoga kA atireka sAmAnya vyavahAra kA paryAya bana gayA / jinake jIvana meM yaha atireka nahIM thA unhoMne apane ko manorogI mAna liyaa| saiksa - kuMThAtroM ke manorogiyoM kI saMkhyA bar3hatI gayI / 'manovijJAna bhI cetanA ke Urdhva ArohaNa meM vizvAsa rakhatA hai / prema se to saMtoSa, vizvAsa, anurAga evaM AsthA prApta hotI hai / kintu pAzcAtya jIvana ne to prema kA artha indriyoM kI nirbAdha tRpti mAna liyA / 'prema' ko nirarthaka karAra de diyA gayA / 'vAsanA' tRpti hI jindagI kA lakSya ho gayA / prema meM to madhurimA aura tyAga hotA hai / aba haivAniyata evaM bhoga kI bAr3ha A gayI / parivAra kI vyavasthAyeM TUTane lagIM / ekaniSTha prema kA Adarza samApta hone lagA / Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 260 ] [ karma siddhAnta ve bhUla gae ki prema meM saundarya cetanA ke lie ekaniSThatA Avazyaka hai| manuSya ne apane ko pazu jagat se bhinna 'mAnava' banAyA thA, samAja kA nirmANa kiyA thA, kAma bhAva kA saMyamIkaraNa kiyA thA, sva patnI dvArA, kAma vAsanA kI saMtuSTi kI prakriyA dvArA brahmacarya kI sAmAjika vyavasthA kA Adarza nirmita kiyA thaa| vaha sukhI thaa| usakI jindagI meM apane prema ke Alambana ke prati vizvAsa rahatA thaa| usane isa satya ko khoja nikAlA thA ki sambhoga-sukha kI pUrNa anubhUti evaM tRpti ke lie bhI indriya-niyaMtraNa Avazyaka hai| isa parivartana se kyA vyakti ko sukha prApta ho sakA hai ? parivAra ke sadasyoM meM pahale paraspara jo pyAra evaM vizvAsa panapatA thA usakI nirantara kamI hotI jA rahI hai / jo sadasya bhAvanA kI pavitra DorI se baMdhe rahate the, vaha TUTatI jA rahI hai / pahale pati-patnI kA sukha-duHkha eka hotA thaa| unakI icchAoM kI dhurI 'sva' na hokara 'parivAra' hotI thii| ve apanI vyaktigata icchAoM ko pUrA karane ke badale apane baccoM evaM parivAra ke anya sadasyoM kI icchAoM kI pUrti meM sahAyaka bananA adhika acchA samajhate the| pAzcAtya jIvana ne pahale saMyukta kuTumba praNAlI ko todd'aa| phira parivAra meM pati-patnI apane meM simaTe, baccoM ke prati apane uttaradAyitvoM kI unhoMne avahelanA kii| parivAra meM apane hI bacce begAne ho ge| baccoM kA kamarA alaga, mA~-bApa kA kamarA alaga / baccoM kI duniyA alaga, mA~-bApa kI duniyA alaga / eka hI ghara meM rahate hue bhI koI bhAvAtmaka sambandha nhiiN| baccoM meM Akroza panapA / ve vidrohI ho ge| adhika bhAvuka evaM saMvedanazIla 'hippI' bana gae / 'hippI pIr3hI' itihAsa ke pannoM para ubhara gayI / jo vyavasthA se nahIM bhAge, unhoMne jaba bar3e hokara apanA ghara basAyA to unake ghara meM unake mA~-bApa parAye ho ge| pahale pati-patnI AjIvana sAtha-sAtha rahane ke lie pratibaddha hote the| donoM kA sukha-duHkha eka hotA thaa| donoM ko vizvAsa rahatA thA ki ve AjIvana sAtha-sAtha raheMge / vivAha para koI nahIM kahatA thA ki Apa loga AjIvana sAthasAtha raheM / yaha to jIvana kA mAnA huA tathya hotA thA / AjIvana sukhI evaM sAnaMda rahane kI kAmanA kI jAtI thii| jaba manuSya ko cetanA kSaNika, saMzayapUrNa evaM tAtkAlikatA meM hI kendrita hokara raha gayI to vyakti apane svArthoM meM simaTatA gyaa| sampUrNa bhautika sukhoM ko akelA bhogane kI dizA meM vyagra manuSya ne prema ko ekaniSThatA kA Adarza bhI tor3a DAlA / Aja pati-patnI meM paraspara vizvAsa bhI TUTa rahA hai / talAkoM kI saMkhyA bar3hatI jA rahI hai| duHkhoM ko akele hI bhoganA niyati ho gayI hai| 'bharI bhIr3a meM akelA' muhAvarA ho gayA hai / mAnasika rogoM kI saMkhyA bar3hatI jA rahI hai| vyakti bhautika upakaraNoM Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ karma kA sAmAjika saMdarbha ] [ 261 ko jor3a lene ke bAda bhI mAnasika dRSTi se azAnta haiN| tanAvoM kA dAyarA bar3hatA jA rahA hai / ina tanAvoM ko dUra karane ke lie vyakti apane ko bhulAtA hai / madyapAna karatA hai, carasa, bhA~ga kA sevana karatA hai| unase bhI jaba nazA nahIM hotA to 'ela. esa. DI.', 'hairA', 'aikIDrIna', 'vailyima', 'mainaDreksa' letA hai| inase bhI mAnasika thakAna nahIM miTatI to 'heroina' yAnI 'eca' letA hai| inhIM prakriyAoM se gujarakara aise mukAma meM pahu~ca jAtA hai jahA~ cetanA aMdherI koTharI meM banda ho jAtI hai, puruSArtha thaka jAtA hai| aparAdha pravRttiyoM ke zikAra mAnasika rogiyoM kI jindagI meM phira prakAza kI koI kiraNa kabhI rozanI nahIM phailaatii| kArla mArksa ne zoSaka aura zoSita-isa varga saMgharSa ko ubhArakara tathA itihAsa kI artha paraka vyAkhyA ke dvArA roTI ke prazna ko mAnavIya cetanA kA kendra bindu banAkara prasthApita kiyA / utpAdana ke sAdhanoM para kisakA adhikAra hai, utpAdana kI prakriyA meM rata logoM ke ApasI sambandha kaise haiM tathA utpAdita bhautika sampadA kA lAbha evaM usake vitaraNa kA kyA prabandha hai Adi tathyoM para mArksa tathA usakI vicAraNA se prabhAvita anya vyaktiyoM ne vicAra kiyaa| mArksavAda kI vicAradhArA kA prabhAva eziyA, aphrIkA tathA laiTina amerikA ke dezoM meM rASTrIya janavAdI krAntiyoM, antarrASTrIya samAjavAdI krAnti ke saMgharSoM, vibhinna dezoM meM vyApaka aAma janavAdI morcoM ke saMgaThanoM tathA samAjavAdI dezoM meM utpAdana ke sAdhanoM para sArvajanika svAmitva kI praNAlI meM pahacAnA jA sakatA hai / sAdhanahIna athavA zoSakoM kA cintana bhI badalA hai / ve apanI jindagI kI musIbatoM kA kAraNa vyavasthA ko mAnakara samAja evaM rAjya se sAdhanoM kI mAMga kara rahe haiN| yaha bAta bhI Aja spaSTa hai ki rAjya ke kalyANakArI kAryakramoM ke kriyAnvayana dvArA bahuta sI musIbatoM evaM kaSToM ko dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai / magara vyavasthA ke dvArA vyakti kI mAnasikatA ko sarvathA nahIM badalA jA sakatA / vastutaH kevala bhautika dRSTi se vicAra karanA bhI ekAMgitA hai / isake atirikta pU~jIvAdI vyavasthA ko badalane mAtra se khatare samApta ho hI jAveMge--yaha bhI nizcita nahIM hai / sArvajanika svAmitva ke nAma para rAjakIya pUMjIvAda (State Capitalism) ke sthApita ho jAne para kyA usake cAritrika svarUpa meM parivartana AtA hai ? yaha kahA jAtA hai ki pUjIvAdI vyavasthA meM sampatti para pUjIpati varga kA nijI svAmitva evaM niyaMtraNa rahatA hai / rAjakIya pUMjIvAda meM pUjIvAdI vyavasthA meM hI rASTra evaM mehanatakaza vargoM ke hita meM isake upayoga kI sambhAvanAyeM paidA hotI haiN| magara prazna hai ki sarvahArA varga kI krAnti ke nAma para yadi dala ke adhikArI sattA para kabjA kara lete haiM to kyA pArTI-adhinAyakavAda ke chadmaveza meM sattA para inakI tAnAzAhI sthApita nahIM ho jAtI tathA yadi inhIM ke hAthoM Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ 262 ] [ karma siddhAnta meM rAjakIya svAmitva AtA hai to Age calakara usake pUjIvAdI tAnAzAhI ke svarUpa meM badalane kI sambhAvanA se kaise inkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ? vAstava meM 'peTa kI bhUkha' evaM 'zarIra kI bhUkha' manuSya kI naisargika pravRttiyA~ haiN| prAkRtika jIvana meM manuSya pazuoM kI taraha AcaraNa karatA hai| apanI bhUkha ko miTAne ke lie koI niyama nahIM hote| isa vyavasthA meM zArIrika dRSTi se sabala manuSyoM ke sAmane nirbala manuSyoM ko hAni uThAnI par3atI hai / sabala manuSya nirbala ko parAjita kara bhUkha miTAtA hai / bhUkha miTAkara bhI usake jIvana meM zAnti nahIM rhtii| use anya sabala vyaktiyoM kA Dara lagA rahatA hai / chInA-jhapaTI, jhagar3A-phasAda jIvana meM bar3ha jAtA hai| inhIM se bacane ke lie manuSya ne samAja bnaayaa| zarIra kI bhUkha tathA peTa kI bhUkha kI tRpti ke lie sAmAjika niyama banAe / zarIra kI bhUkha kI tRpti ke lie 'vivAha' saMsthA kA janma huA / parivAra banA / ghara banA / nizcita huA eka puruSa kI eka patnI / usakI patnI para usakA adhikaar| usakI patnI para dUsaroM kA koI adhikAra nahIM / dUsaroM kI patniyoM para usakA koI adhikAra nhiiN| usane apanI jhopar3I banAyo / ghara bnaayaa| ghara ke cAroM ora cAra divArI bnaayii| ghara ke kSetra kI sImA nirdhArita huI / usake ghara para usakA adhikAra / usake ghara para dUsaroM kA adhikAra nhiiN| dUsaroM ke ghara para usakA koI adhikAra nhiiN| peTa kI bhUkha miTAne hetu usane jamIna sApha kI, bIjoM kA vapana kiyA, kRSi-karma kiyaa| apane kheta ke cAroM ora meMr3eM bnaayiiN| sarahadeM sthApita kii| usakI sarahada vAlI bhUmi para dUsaroM kA adhikAra nhiiN| dUsaroM ke kheta para usakA adhikAra nahIM / apanA-apanA kheta, apanI-apanI paidAvAra / anya AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti hetu anya prakAra ke udyama evaM udyoga dhandhoM kA vikAsa huA, ina kSetroM meM isI prakAra kI sImA evaM samajhadArI vikasita huii| isa prakAra samAja ke astitva kI AdhArazilA paraspara samajhadArI, sImA, eka dUsare ke adhikAra kSetra meM atikramaNa na karane kA saMyama, zartoM kA paraspara sammAna evaM eka dUsare ke astitva vRtta evaM adhikAra vRtta ke prati sahiSNutA hI hai| isI samAja meM vyakti saMyama ke sAtha bhoga karatA AyA hai, apane jIvana ko behatara banAtA AyA hai| manUSya meM naisargika prakRti ke sAtha-sAtha vRttiyoM ke unnayana, pariSkAra, saMskAra kI pravRtti bhI rahatI hai| isI kAraNa vaha apane jIvana ko sAmAjika banAtA hai / sAmAjika jIvana nIti se hI sambhava hai, anIti se nhiiN| naitika AcaraNa Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
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________________ karma kA sAmAjika saMdarbha ] [ 263 ke lie saMyama kI lagAma Avazyaka hai| samAja meM vyavasthA evaM svaccha vAtAvaraNa tabhI raha sakatA hai jaba usake sadasya saMyamita AcaraNa kreN| prema, karuNA, bandhutva-bhAva ke dvArA hI manuSya kA jIvana unnata evaM sAmAjika banatA hai| cetanA kA vikAsa hone para hI mAnava samAja loka kalyANa kI bhAvanA kI ora unmukha hotA hai / jaba jindagI lakSyahIna ho jAtI hai to sampUrNa jIvana meM bhaTakAva A jAtA hai / yahI bhaTakAva saMtrAsa evaM tanAva ko janma detA hai / isase mukti pAnA samasyA bana jAtI hai / jaba-jaba saMyama kI sImAyeM TUTatI haiM, jIvana paristhitiyoM para vijaya prApta karane, vaMzAnukramaNa evaM vyaktitva kA prasAra tathA Atma pariveSTana ke atikramaNa ke kAraNa manuSya akelA nahIM raha pAtA / vaha samAja banAtA hai / samAja ke astitva ke lie paraspara sahayoga, samajhadArI evaM sAjhedArI Avazyaka hai / koI bhI samAja dharma cetanA se vimukha hokara nahIM raha sktaa| dharma sampradAya nahIM / dharma pavitra anuSThAna hai| jindagI meM jo hameM dhAraNa karanA cAhie-vahI dharma hai| hameM jina naitika mUlyoM ko jindagI meM utAranA cAhie-vahI dharma hai / samAja kI vyavasthA, zAnti tathA samAja ke sadasyoM meM paraspara prema evaM vizvAsa kA bhAva jagAne ke lie dharma kA pAlana Avazyaka hai| dharma ke pAlana kA artha hI hai-zreSTha naitika karmoM ke anurUpa AcaraNa / mana kI kAmanAoM ko niyaMtrita kie binA samAja racanA sambhava nahIM hai / kAmanAoM ke niyaMtraNa kI zakti yA to dharma meM hai yA zAsana kI kaThora vyavasthA meM / dharma kA anazAsana 'AtmAnuzAsana' hotA hai| vyakti apane para svayaM niyaMtraNa karatA hai| zAsana kA niyaMtraNa hamAre Upara 'para' kA anuzAsana hotA hai / dUsaroM ke dvArA anuzAsita hone para hama vivazatA kA anubhava karate haiM, parataMtratA kA bodha karate haiM, ghuTana kI pratIti karate haiM / dharma mAnava hRdaya kI asIma kAmanAoM ko sva kI preraNA se sImita kara detA hai / dharma hamArI dRSTi ko vyApaka banAtA hai, mana meM udAratA, sahiSNutA evaM prema kI bhAvanA kA vikAsa karatA hai / abhI taka dharma evaM darzana kI vyAkhyAyeM isa dRSTi se huIM ki usase hamArA bhaviSya jIvana unnata hogA / dharma ke AcaraNa kI vartamAna vyaktigata jIvana evaM sAmAjika jIvana kI dRSTi se sArthakatA kyA hai, isako kendra banAkara cintana karane kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai tabhI karma kA sAmAjika sandarbha spaSTa ho skegaa| Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only