Jivsamas

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain
Publisher: Z_Sagar_Jain_Vidya_Bharti_Part_4_001687.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/229159/1

Page #1
jIvasamAsa : eka adhyayana jIvasamAsa racayitA evaM racanAkAla jIvasamAsa nAma se hI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yaha jIvoM kI vibhinna avasthAoM kI vivecanA karane vAlA grantha hai| yaha kisI pUrvadhara AcArya dvArA racita evaM jaina darzana kA eka mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isake vAstavika racayitA kauna haiM, yaha tathya mulagrantha ke AdhAra para kahIM bhI spaSTa nahIM hotA hai| isakI antima prazasti meM ise pUrva sAhitya ke AdhAra para racita mAnA gayA hai| isase itanA to avazya spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki isake racayitA pUrvo ke jJAtA the| yaha grantha kisane aura kaba banAyA isakA jJAna haribhadra (8vIM zatI) jaise prAcIna AcAryoM ko bhI nahIM thaa| nandIsUtra evaM pAkSikasUtra meM usa kAla taka racita Agama granthoM ke ullekha milate haiM, kintu unameM kahIM bhI jIvasamAsa kA ullekha nahIM hai| isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki jIvasamAsa kI racanA nandIsUtra ke pazcAt hI huI hogii| nandIsUtra kI racanA lagabhaga vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatI meM huI, ata: jIvasamAsa pAMcavIM zatI ke pazcAt nirmita huaa| sAtavIM zatAbdI meM yA usake pazcAt racita granthoM meM jIvasamAsa kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai, ataH jIvasamAsa kI racanA vikrama saMvat kI pAMcavIM zatI ke pazcAt aura sAtavIM zatI ke pUrva arthAt lagabhaga chaThI zatAbdI meM huI hogii| prastuta kRti lagabhaga chaThI zatI kI racanA hai, isake kucha anya AdhAra bhI hai, sarvaprathama isameM nayoM kI carcA ke prasaMga meM sAta mUla nayoM kI pracalita avadhAraNA ke sthAna para naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra aura zabda-~- ye pA~ca hI mUlanaya mAne gaye haiM, yaha avadhAraNA hameM tattvArthasUtra meM bhI milatI hai| jIvasamAsa meM samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta- ina do nayoM kA koI ullekha nahIM hai, jabaki umAsvAti samabhirUr3ha evaM evaMbhUta- ina do nayoM kA zabda naya ke do bhedoM ke rUpa meM ullekha karate haiN| siddhasenadivAkara ne naigama ko to svIkAra nahIM kiyA, kintu samabhirUr3ha evaM evaMbhUta ko mUlanaya mAnakara chaha naya mAne haiN| aisA lagatA hai ki sapta nayoM kI spaSTa avadhAraNA lagabhaga chaThI zatI ke uttarArddha meM vikasita huI hai, kyoMki tattvArthasUtra kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA (chaThI zatI) ke mUlapATha meM sarvaprathama bhASyamAna pATha ke pA~ca mUla nayoM ke sthAna para sAta mUlanayoM kA nirdeza haiN| jIvasamAsa meM pA~ca nayoM kA yaha ullekha itanA

Page #2
38 jIvasamAsa to avazya siddha karatA hai ki prastuta kRti saptanayoM kI avadhAraNA ke vikasita evaM susthApita hone ke pUrva arthAt chaThIM zatI ke pUrvArddha kI racanA honI caahie| yadyapi guNasthAnoM kI avadhAraNA kI upasthiti ke AdhAra para yaha kRti tattvArthasUtra se paravartI hai phira bhI nayoM ke sandarbha meM yaha usa dhArA kA pratinidhitva karatI hai, jo prAcIna rahI haiN| jJAtavya hai ki SaTkhaNDAgama mUla meM bhI sarvatra inhIM pA~coM nayoM kA nirdeza hai (5/6/3, pR0 718, 4/1/48-50, 4/1/56-59, 4/2/2-4, 4/3/1-4) / jIvasamAsa kI prAcInatA kA dUsarA AdhAra usakA jJAna siddhAnta hai| isameM jJAna ke pA~ca prakAroM kI carcA ke prasaMga meM tattvArthasUtra ke samAna hI matijJAna aura zrutajJAna ko parokSajJAna hI mAnA gayA hai| yaha avadhAraNA bhI tattvArthasUtra ke samAna hI hai, kintu matijJAna ke antargata indriyapratyakSa ko svIkAra kara lene se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jJAna carcA ke prasaMga meM jIvasamAsa kI sthiti tattvArthasUtra se paravartI hai aura nandIsUtra ke samAna hI hai- nandIsUtra kA kAla lagabhaga pA~cavIM zatI haiM / nandIsUtra meM hI sarvaprathama matijJAna ke ekabheda ke rUpa meM indriyapratyakSa ko vyAvahArika pratyakSa ke rUpa meM mAnya kiyA gayA hai| punaH pramANoM kI carcA ke prasaMga meM bhI isameM pratyakSa, anumAna, zabda aura upamAna ina cAra pramANoM kI hI carcA huI hai| jaina darzana meM cAra pramANoM kI yaha carcA bhI Agamika yuga (5vIM zatI) kI dena hai aura nyAyadarzana se prabhAvita hai, samavAyAMga aura nandIsUtra meM bhI inhIM cAra pramANoM kI carcA milatI hai| isameM smRti, pratyabhijJA aura tarka ina tIna pramANoM kI carcA kA, jo tArkika yuga kI dena hai, pUrNa abhAva hai| jainadarzana meM ina tInoM kI pramANoM ke rUpa meM svIkRti sarvaprathama akalaMka ke kAla (lagabhaga 8vIM zatI) se prArambha hotI hai| ataH isase bhI itanA to sunizcita hotA hai ki jIvasamAsa 5vIM zatI ke pazcAt aura 8vIM zatI ke pUrva arthAt chaThI-sAtavIM zatI meM kabhI nirmita huA hogA / kintu sAtavIM zatI se jIvasamAsa ke nirdeza upalabdha hote haiM, ataH yaha chaThI zatI meM nirmita huA hogA, isa tathya ko mAnya kiyA jA sakatA hai| -- tIsare jIvasamAsa meM caudaha guNasthAnoM kA bhI spaSTa ullekha milatA hai isase bhI yahI spaSTa hotA hai ki yaha grantha 5vIM zatAbdI ke bAda kI hI racanA hai| tattvArthasUtra aura usake svopajJabhASya (lagabhaga tIsarI-cauthI zatI) meM guNasthAna siddhAnta kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| ataH itanA to nizcita hai ki yaha grantha tabhI astitva meM AyA, jaba caudaha guNasthAnoM kI avadhAraNA astitva meM A cukI thii| caudaha guNasthAnoM kA ullekha Agama sAhitya meM sarvaprathama samavAyAMga aura Avazyakaniryukti kI do prakSipta gAthAoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| kintu unameM ye gAthAe~

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bhUmikA sambhavataH vallabhIvAcanA ke samaya yA usake bhI pazcAt kabhI saMgrahaNIsUtra se prakSipta kI gaI hoMgI, kyoMki Avazyakaniyukti kI TIkA meM AcArya haribhadra ne ina donoM gAthAoM ko niyukti kI gAthA na mAnakara saMgrahaNIsUtra kI gAthA kahA hai| Aja saMgrahaNIsUtra kI aneka gAthAe~ AgamoM evaM niyuktiyoM meM upalabdha hotI haiN| yaha nizcita hai ki guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA lagabhaga pA~cavIM zatI ke uttarArddha aura chaThI zatI ke pUrvArddha meM kabhI astitva meM AyI hai| ata: gaNasthAnoM ke AdhAra para jIva kI caudaha mArgaNAoM aura ATha anuyogadvAroM kI carcA karane vAlA yaha grantha usake pazcAt hI lagabhaga chaThI zatI ke uttarArddha meM nirmita huA hogaa| yahA~ yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki prastuta grantha ke prArambha meM caudaha guNasthAnoM ko jIvasamAsa ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| caudaha guNasthAnoM ko samavAyAMgasUtra meM mAtra jIvasthAna ke nAma se tathA SaTkhaNDAgama ke prArambha meM jIvasamAsa ke nAma se aura bAda meM guNasthAna ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama ke samAna hI prastuta kRti meM bhI guNasthAna ko pahale jIvasamAsa aura bAda meM guNasthAna ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| puna: prastuta kRti kI SaTkhaNDAgama ke satpadaprarUpanA nAmaka prathama khaNDa se bhI aneka arthoM meM samAnatA hai jisakI carcA hama Age kreNge| isase aisA lagatA hai ki yaha kRti SaTkhaNDAgama kI samakAlika yA usase kiJcita pUrvavartI yA paravartI hI rahI hogii| phira bhI itanA nizcita hai ki prastuta kRti usI prArambhika kAla kI racanA hai jaba guNasthAnoM kI avadhAraNA jIvasamAsa ke nAma se prArambha hokara guNasthAna siddhAnta ke rUpa meM apanA svarUpa le rahI thii| isameM guNasthAnoM aura mArgaNAoM ke saha-sambandha kI carcA se yaha bhI phalita hotA hai ki yaha lagabhaga chaThI zatAbdI ke uttarArddha kI racanA hai, kyoMki chaThI zatAbdI ke uttarArddha se na kevala jIvasamAsa yA jIvasthAna, guNasthAna ke nAma se abhihita hone lage the, apitu jIvasthAna, mArgaNAsthAna aura guNasthAna ke eka-dUsare se pArasparika saha-sambandha bhI nizcita ho cuke the| jIvasamAsa nAmaka prastuta kRti meM jIvasthAnoM, mArgaNAsthAnoM aura guNasthAnoM ke pArasparika sambandha kI jo spaSTa carcA hai, usase yahI phalita hotA hai ki yaha kRti lagabhaga chaThI zatI ke uttarArddha kI racanA hokara SaTkhaNDAgama ke samakAlika honI caahie| ___ isa prasaMga meM guNasthAna siddhAnta ke udbhava aura vikAsa kI yAtrA ko samajha lenA Avazyaka hai, kyoMki jIvasamAsa nAmaka isa kRti meM 'jIvasamAsa' ke nAma se guNasthAnoM kI hI carcA kI gaI hai aura ina guNasthAnoM ke sandarbha meM mArgaNAoM Adi kA saha-sambandha spaSTa karanA hI isakA pratipAdya hai|

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40 jIvasamAsa guNasthAna siddhAnta kA udbhava evaM vikAsa __vyakti kI AdhyAtmika zuddhi ke vibhinna staroM kA nirdhAraNa karane ke lie jaina darzana meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA jaina dharma kI eka pramukha avadhAraNA hai tathApi prAcIna stara ke jaina-AgamoM yathA- AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, uttarAdhyayana, RSibhASita, dazavaikAlika, bhagavatI Adi meM isa siddhAnta kA koI nirdeza upalabdha nahIM hai| sarvaprathama samavAyAMga meM jIvasthAna ke nAma se ina guNasthAnoM kA ullekha huA hai| samavAyAMga meM yadyapi caudaha guNasthAnoM ke nAmoM kA nirdeza huA hai, kintu unheM guNasthAna na kahakara jIvasthAna (jIvaThANa) kahA gayA hai| (samavAyAMga, sampAdaka- madhukaramuni, 14/95) samavAyAMga ke pazcAt zvetAmbara paramparA meM gaNasthAnoM ke ina caudaha nAmoM kA nirdeza Avazyakaniyukti meM upalabdha hai, kintu usameM bhI unheM guNasthAna na kahakara jIvasthAna hI kahA gayA hai| jJAtavya hai ki niyukti meM bhI ye gAthAe~ prakSipta haiN| AcArya haribhadra (AThavIM zatI) ne apanI Avazyakaniyukti kI TIkA meM inheM saMgrahaNIsUtra se uddhRta batAyA hai| __ AgamoM ke samAna prakIrNakoM meM bhI guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA kA abhAva hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM ina caudaha avasthAoM ke lie "guNasthAna' zabda kA sarvaprathama prayoga hameM AvazyakacUrNi (7vIM zatI) meM milatA hai usameM lagabhaga tIna pRSThoM meM isakA vivaraNa diyA gayA haiN| jahA~ taka acela paramparA kA prazna hai usameM kasAyapAhuDa ko chor3akara SaTkhaNDAgama, mUlAcAra aura bhagavatI ArAdhanA jaise tattvajJAna evaM AcArapradhAna granthoM meM tathA tattvArthasUtra kI pUjyapAda devanandI kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA, bhaTTa akalaMka ke rAjavArtika, vidyAnandI ke zlokavArttika Adi digambara AcAryoM ke TIkA granthoM meM isa siddhAnta kA vistRta vivecana huA hai| jJAtavya hai ki mAtra SaTkhaNDAgama meM inheM jIvasamAsa kahA gayA hai| zeSa sabhI granthoM meM inheM guNasthAna ke nAma se hI abhihita kiyA gayA hai| hamAre lie Azcarya kA viSaya to yaha hai ki AcArya umAsvAti (lagabhaga . tIsarI-cauthI zatI) ne jahA~ apane tattvArthasUtra meM jaina dharma evaM darzana ke lagabhaga sabhI pakSoM para prakAza DAlA hai| vahA~ unhoMne caudaha guNasthAnoM kA spaSTa rUpa se kahIM bhI nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai| ata: yaha prazna svAbhAvika rUpa se upasthita hotA hai ki kyA tattvArthasUtra ke racanAkAla taka jaina dharma meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA kA vikAsa nahIM huA thA? aura yadi usakA vikAsa ho cukA thA

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jIvasamAsa eka sAtha caudaha guNasthAnoM kA ullekha nahIM hai, kintu dhyAna ke prasaMga meM 7veM se 14veM guNasthAna taka kI, mUlAcAra kI apekSA vistRta vivecanA huI hai| usake pazcAt devanandI kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA meM guNasthAna (guNaTThANa) kA vistRta varNana milatA hai| pUjyapAda devanandI ne to sarvArthasiddhi TIkA meM satprarUpaNA Adi dvAroM kI carcA meM mArgaNAoM kI carcA karate hue pratyeka mArgaNA ke sandarbha meM guNasthAnoM kA vistRta vivaraNa diyA hai, yaha vivaraNa AMzika rUpa se jIvasamAsa evaM SaTkhaNDAgama se samAnatA rakhatA hai| AcArya kundakunda kI hI yaha vizeSatA hai ki unhoMne sarvaprathama niyamasAra, samayasAra Adi meM maggaNAThINa, guNaThANa aura jIvaThANa kA unake bhinna-bhitra arthoM meM prayoga kiyA hai| isa prakAra jIvaThANa yA jIvasamAsa zabda jo samavAyAMga evaM SaTkhaNDAgama ke kAla taka guNasthAna ke paryAyavAcI ke rUpa meM prayukta hote the, ve aba jIva kI vibhinna yoniyoM ke sandarbha meM prayukta hone lge| kundakunda ke granthoM meM jIvasthAna kA tAtparya jIvoM ke janma grahaNa karane kI vividha yoniyoM se hai| isakA eka phalitArtha yaha hai ki bhagavatI ArAdhanA, mUlAcAra tathA kundakunda ke kAla taka jIvasthAna aura guNasthAna donoM kI alaga-alaga spaSTa dhAraNAe~ bana cukI thI aura ina donoM ke vivecya viSaya bhI alaga ho gaye the| jIvasthAna yA jIvasamAsa kA sambandha jIvayoniyoM/jIvajAtiyoM se aura guNasthAna kA sambandha Atmavizuddhi/karmavizuddhi se mAnA jAne lagA thaa| jJAtavya hai ki AcArAMga Adi prAcIna granthoM meM jahA~ guNa zabda kA prayoga bandhaka tattva ke rUpa meM ho rahA thA, vahA~ guNa zabda kA prayoga guNasthAna meM Atmavizuddhi kA vAcaka bana gyaa| isa prakAra yadi guNasthAna siddhAnta ke aitihAsika vikAsakrama kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM to mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, sarvArthasiddhi TIkA evaM kundakunda ke samayasAra, niyamasAra Adi sabhI grantha lagabhaga chaThI zatI uttarArddha yA usase bhI paravartI hI siddha hote haiN| nizcaya hI prastuta jIvasamAsa aura SaTkhaNDAgama unase kucha pUrvavartI hai| ina samasta carcA se aisA lagatA hai ki lagabhaga pA~cavIM zatAbdI ke anta meM jaba sarvaprathama guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA suvyavasthita huI, taba use jIvasthAna yA jIvasamAsa ke nAma se abhihita kiyA jAtA thA- guNasthAna zabda kA prayoga abhI pracalita nahIM huA thaa| lagabhaga chaThI zatI se isake lie guNasthAna zabda rUr3ha huA aura chaThI zatI ke uttarArddha meM jIvasthAnoM, mArgaNAsthAnoM aura guNasthAnoM ke saha-sambandha nizcita hue| guNasthAna ke isa aitihAsika vikAsakrama ko samajhane ke lie nIce hama do sAraNiyA~ prastuta kara rahe hai

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bhUmikA to umAsvAti ne apane mUla grantha tattvArthasUtra meM yA usakI svopajJa TIkA tattvArthabhASya meM usakA ullekha kyoM nahIM kiyA? jabaki unhoMne tattvArthasUtra ke naveM adhyAya meM AdhyAtmika vizuddhi (karma - nirjarA) kI dasa avasthAoM ko sUcita karate hue eka lambA sUtra banAyA hai| yadi unake sAmane guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA hotI to nizcaya hI ve usa sUtra ke sthAna para usakA pratipAdana karate, kyoMki prastuta sUtra meM jina dasa avasthAoM kA nirdeza hai unameM aura guNasthAnoM ke nAmakaraNa evaM krama meM bahuta kucha samAnatA hai| merI dRSTi meM to inhIM dasa avasthAoM ke AdhAra para hI guNasthAna siddhAnta kA vikAsa huA hai| isa sUtra meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA se sambandhita kucha pAribhASika zabda- jaise darzana - moha - upazamaka, darzana- moha-kSapaka ( cAritra moha) upazamaka, ( cAritra moha ) kSapaka, upazAntamoha, kSINamoha, kevalI (jina) Adi upalabdha hote haiN| isase aisA lagatA hai ki tattvArthasUtra aura usake svopajJabhASya ke racanAkAla taka jaina paramparA meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA kA vikAsa nahIM ho pAyA thA, yadyapi isa avadhAraNA ke mUla bIja upasthita the| aitihAsika dRSTi se yaha bAta bhI mahattvapUrNa hai ki samavAyAMga aura SaTkhaNDAgama ke prArambha meM 14 guNasthAnoM ke nAmoM kA spaSTa nirdeza hokara bhI unheM guNasthAna nAma se abhihita nahIM kiyA gayA hai| jahA~ samavAyAMga unheM jIvasthAna kahatA hai vahA~ prastuta jIvasamAsa evaM SaTkhaNDAgama meM unheM jIvasamAsa kahA gayA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki jIvasamAsa aura SaTkhaNDAgama- ye donoM grantha prAcIna stara ke zvetAmbara AgamoM, kasAyapAhuDasutta, tattvArthasUtra aura tattvArthabhASya se paravartI hai aura ina avasthAoM ke lie guNasthAna zabda kA spaSTa ullekha karane vAlI zvetAmbara - digambara racanAoM se pUrvavartI haiN| sAtha hI ye donoM grantha samakAlIna bhI haiM, kyoMki hama dekhate haiM ki chaThI zatAbdI uttarArddha aura usake pazcAt ke zvetAmbara - digambara granthoM meM vizeSa rUpa se karma - siddhAnta sambandhI granthoM tathA tattvArthasUtra kI TIkAoM meM ina avasthAoM ke lie guNasthAna zabda kA prayoga spaSTatayA kiyA jAne lagA thA / 42 isase yaha bhI phalita hotA hai ki jaina paramparA meM lagabhaga tIsarI-cauthI zatAbdI taka guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA anupasthita thii| lagabhaga pA~cavIM zatAbdI meM yaha siddhAnta astitva meM AyA, kintu taba ise guNasthAna na kahakara jIvasthAna yA jIvasamAsa kahA gyaa| lagabhaga chaThI zatAbdI se isake lie guNasthAna zabda rUr3ha ho gyaa| jisa prakAra jIvasamAsa kI prathama gAthA meM guNasthAna ke lie 'guNa' kA prayoga huA hai, usI prakAra mUlAcAra meM bhI inake lie 'guNa' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| usameM caudaha guNasthAnoM kA ullekha bhI hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM yadyapi

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bhUmikA 43 guNasthAna siddhAnta kA udbhava evaM vikAsa sAriNI kramAMka - 1 tattvArtha evaM tattvArtha | kasAyapAhuDasutta / samavAyAMga | Sada- zvetAmbara-digambara khaNDAgama | jIva-tattvArtha kI TIkAe~ samAsa evaM ArAdhanA, mUlAcAra samayasAra, niyamasAra aadi| bhASya urI-4dhI zatI 5vI-&ThI zatI |6ThI zatI yA usake pazcAt guNasthAna, jIva- | guNasthAna, jIvasthA- | samavAyAMga meM guNasa | guNasthAna zabda kI samAsa, jIvasthAna, na, jIvasamAsa Adi | thAna zabda kA abhAva | spaSTa upsthiti| mArgaNA Adi zabdoM | zabdoM kA abhAva,| kintu jIvaThANa kA kA pUrNa abhaav| kintu mArgaNA zabda | ullekha hai jabaki pAyA jAtA hai| jIvasamAsa evaM SaT khaNDAgama meM prArambha meM jIvasamAsa aura bAda meM guNasthAna ke nAma se 14 avasthAoM kA citraNa karmavizuddhi yA| karmavizuddhi yA A-|14 avasthAoM kA | 14 avasthAoM kA AdhyAtmika vikAsa | dhyAtmika vikAsa kI | ullekha hai| | ullekha hai| kI dasa avasthAoM | dRSTi se mithyAdRSTi kA citraNa, mithyAtva | kI gaNanA karane para kA antarbhAva karane | prakAra bheda se kula para 11 avasthAoM| 13 avasthAoM kA | kA ullekha! ullekh| sAsvAdana, samyaka-sAsvAdana (sAsAdana)| sAsvAdana, samyak | ullekha hai| mithyAdRSTi aura aura ayogI kevalI | mithyAdRSTi (mizraayogI kevalI dazA | avasthA kA pUrNa | dRSTi) aura ayogI kA pUrNa abhaav| | abhAva, kintu samya- | kevalI Adi kA mithyAdRSTi kI | ullekha hai| upsthiti|

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44 jIvasamAsa | ullekha hai apramattasaMyata, apUrva | apramattasaMyata, apUrva-ullekha hai| karaNa (nivRttibAdara) | karaNa (nivRttibAdara) anivRttikaraNa (a- | anivRttikaraNa (anivRttibAdara) jaise | nidRttibAdara) jaise nAmoM kA abhaav| nAmoM kA abhAva hai| upazama aura kSaya kA | upazama aura kSapaka | alaga-alaga zreNI- | alaga-alaga zreNI vicAra hai, kintu 8veMkA vicAra hai, kintu vicAra upasthita vicAra upsthit| guNasthAna se upazama | 8veM guNasthAna se upaaura kSAyika zreNI se | zama zreNI aura kSapaka alaga-alaga Aro. zreNI se alaga alaga haNa hotA hai| aisA ArohaNa hotA haiN| vicAra nahIM hai| aisA vicAra nahIM hai| patana kI avasthA kA | patana kI avasthA kA patana Adi kA mUla ina vyAkhyA granthoM meM koI citraNa nahIM hai| koI citraNa nahIM hai| pATha meM citraNa nahIM | patana Adi kA citraNa haiN| jIvasthAna, mArgaNA- jIvasthAna mArgaNA- samavAyAMga mUlapATha sahasambandha kI carcA sthAna aura guNasthAna | sthAna aura guNasthAna meM jIvasthAna aura hai| ke saha-sambandha kI | ke saha-sambandhoM kI guNasthAna donoM ko carcA kA abhAva hai| | koI carcA nahIM hai| | jIvasthAna hI kahA gayA hai| isameM inake saha-sambandha kI koI carcA nahIM hai, kintu jIvasamAsa evaM SaTkhaNDAgama mUla meM inake saha-sambandhoM kI carcA hai| sAriNI saMkhyA : 2 tattvArthasUtra kasAyapAhaDa | samavAyAga tasvArtha kI TIkAe~ (tIsarI-cauthI zatI) [ (4thI zatI uttarArtha) padasaNDAgama (lagabhaga chaThI zatI) | (lagabhaga 5vI zatI) mithyAtva | micchAdiTTi micchAdiTTi mithyAdRSTi (isa sandarbha meM ise (mithyAdRSTi) (mithyAdRSTi) parigaNita nahIM kiyA

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bhUmikA sAsvAdana sasvAdana samyakadRSTi (sAsAyaNa-sammadihI) sammA-micchAiTo sammA-micchAdiTThI samyamithyAdRSTi (missagaM) (samyaka (samyamithyAdRSTi) | (mi pradRSTi) sammAiThThI (samyak aviraya sammAdiTThI samyagdRSTi dRSTi) aviradIe 1. samyagdRSTi 2. zrAvaka viradAvirade (virata-virayAvirae (virata- | dezavirata avirata) desavirayI avirata) (sAgAra)saMjamAsaMjama virada (saMjama) pamattasaMjae pramattasaMyata 3. virata | apramattasaMyata 4. anantaviyojaka | daMsaNamoha uvasAgame | apamattasaMjae (darzanamoha upazAmaka) 5. darzanamoha-kSapaka | daMsaNamoha khabage | niaTTibAyare (darzanamoha-kSapaka) apUrvakaraNa 6. (cAritramoha) upazamaka anivRttikaraNa | caritamohassa upasA- | aniaTTibAyare mage (uvasAmaNA) suhumarAgo |suhuma-saMparAe | uvasaMta kasAya khavage uvasaMta mohe sUkSma-sampArAya upazAnta-moha 7. upazAnta cAritramoha 8. cAritramoha kSapaka 9. kSINamoha kSINamoha 10. jina sayogI kevalI khINamoha (chadumattho- | khINamohe vedago) jiNa kevalI sadaNhU sajogI kevalI sabadarisI (jJAtavya hai ki cUrNi meM 'sajogijiNo' zabda hai, mUla meM nahIM hai)

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46 jIvasamAsa | cUrNi meM yoganirodha | ayogI kevalI ayogI kevalI | kA ullekha hai, kintu mUla meM nahIM haiM prantha kI bhASA evaM zailI jahA~ taka jIvasamAsa kI bhASA kA prazna hai, vaha spaSTatayA mahArASTrI prAkRta hai| isase isake sambandha meM do bAteM nizcita hotI haiM- eka to yaha ki isakI racanA saurASTra aura rAjasthAna meM hI kahIM huI hogI, kyoMki yadi isakI racanA magadha yA zaurasena meM huI hotI to isakI bhASA meM ArSa arddhamAgadhI athavA zaurasenI prAkata hotii| isase yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki isakI racanA saMghabheda ke pazcAt zvetAmbara paramparA meM huI hai kyoMki isa yuga ke digambara grantha prAya: zaurasenI yA mahArASTrI prabhAvita zaurasenI meM pAye jAte haiN| yadyapi prastuta kRti mahArASTrI prAkRta kI racanA hai, phira bhI isameM kahIM-kahIM ArSa ardhamAgadhI ke prayoga dekhe jAte haiN| jahA~ taka jIvasamAsa kI zailI kA prazna hai, nizcaya hI yaha SaTakhaNDAgama ke samarUpa pratIta hotI hai, kyoMki donoM hI grantha caudaha mArgaNAoM evaM chaha aura ATha anuyogadvAroM ke AdhAroM para caudaha guNasthAnoM kI carcA karate haiN| yadyapi SaTkhaNDAgama kI jIvasamAsa se aneka arthoM meM bhitratA hai, jahA~ SaTkhaNDAgama sAmAnyatayA zaurasenI meM likha gayA hai vahA~ jIvasamAsa sAmAnyatayA mahArASTrI prAkRta meM likhA gayA hai| puna: jahA~ SaTkhaNDAgama gadya meM hai vahA~ jIvasamAsa padya meM hai| jahA~ jIvasamAsa saMkSipta hai, vahA~ SaTkhaNDAgama vyAkhyAtmaka hai| phira bhI viSaya prastutIkaraNa kI zailI evaM viSayavastu ko lekara donoM meM paryApta samarUpatA bhI haiN| SaTkhaNDAgama ke prArambhika khaNDa jIvasthAna ke samAna isakA bhI prArambha satpadaprarUpaNA se hotA hai| isameM bhI gati, indriya, kAya, yoga, veda, kaSAya, jJAna, darzana, saMyama rozyA, bhava, samyak, saMjJA aura AhAra- ina caudaha mArgaNAoM ke sandarbha meM caudaha guNasthAnoM kI carcA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama jIvasthAna ke samAna isameM bhI vahI nAma vAle ATha anuyogadvAra hai- 1. satpadaprarUpaNAdvAra, 2. parimANadvAra, 3. kSetradvAra, 4. sparzanAdvAra, 5. kAladvAra, 6. antAra, 7. bhAvadvAra, 8. alpbhutvdvaar| isa prakAra viSaya pratipAdana meM donoM meM adbhUta zailIgata samarUpatA hai| phira bhI SaTkhaNDAgama kI apekSA jIvasamAsa saMkSipta hai| aisA lagatA hai ki SaTkhaNDAgama kA prathama khaNDa jIvasamAsa kI hI vyAkhyA ho| jIvasamAsa ke AdhArabhUta grantha jIvasamAsa grantha vastuta: dRSTivAda se uddhRta kiyA gayA hai, kyoMki usakI

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bhUmikA antima gAthA meM spaSTa rUpa se yaha ullekha hai ki jinopadiSTa bahubhaMga vAle dRSTivAda ke dRSTi sthAna se jIvasamAsa nAmaka yaha grantha uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi jIvasamAsa kI viSayavastu se sambandhita aneka viSayoM kI carcA bhagavatI, prajJApanA, jIvAjIvAbhigama, anuyogadvAra Adi zvetAmbara mAnya AgamoM meM milatI hai, kintu yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki isa grantha kI racanA ina granthoM ke AdhAra para huI hai, kyoMki aneka praznoM para prastuta grantha kA mata bhagavatI, prajJApanA Adi se bhinna pratIta hotA hai| isameM varNita aneka viSaya jaise mArgaNAoM aura guNasthAnoM ke saha-sambandha Adi aise haiM, jinakA zvetAmbara mAnya ina AgamoM meM koI ullekha hI nahIM hai, kintu AgamoM kI valabhI vAcanA se paravartI candrarSi mahattara ke prAcIna karmagranthoM (chaThI zatI) meM ye viSaya carcita hai| isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki granthakAra ne jo dRSTivAda se isako avatarita karane kI bAta kahI vaha AMzika satya avazya hai, kyoMki karmoM ke bandha, udaya, kSayopazama Adi kA viSaya kammapayaDI Adi pUrva sAhitya ke aMgIbhUta granthoM meM hI adhika sUkSmatA se vivecita thaa| jaina paramparA meM aMgadharoM ke samAna hI pUrvadharoM kI eka svatantra paramparA rahI hai aura karma - sAhitya vizeSa rUpa se pUrva - sAhitya kA aMga rahA hai| punaH Agamika mAnyatAoM kI apekSA isake mantavyoM kA karmagranthakAroM ke adhika nikaTa honA bhI isa tathya kI puSTi karatA hai| AgamoM, karmagranthoM aura jIvasamAsa ke mantavyoM meM kahA~ samarUpatA hai aura kahA~ matabheda hai yaha saba vistAra se anveSaNIya hai| SaTkhaNDAgama aura jIvasamAsa jaisA ki hamane pUrva meM aneka sthaloM para saMketa kiyA ki jIvasamAsa kI sampUrNa viSayavastu apane varNita viSaya aura zailI kI dRSTi se SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama khaNDa jIvasthAna se pUrNataH samarUpatA rakhatI hai| mAtra antara yaha hai ki jahA~ jIvasamAsa meM yaha varNana mAtra 286 gAthAoM meM kiyA gayA hai vahI varNana SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvasthAna meM 1860 sUtroM ke dvArA kiyA gyaa| dUsarA mahattvapUrNa antara SaTkhaNDAgama aura jIvasamAsa meM yaha hai ki pratyeka anuyogadvAra kI pratyeka prarUpaNA ke AdhArabhUta tathyoM kI jo vistRta carcA lagabhaga 111 gAthAoM meM jIvasamAsa meM kI gaI hai, vaha SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvasthAna meM to nahIM hai, kintu usakI dhavalA TIkA meM avazya upalabdha hotI hai| 47 isa AdhAra para yaha kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai ki kyA jIvasamAsakAra ne SaTkhaNDAgama ke AdhAra para hI to isakI racanA nahIM kI hai ? kintu aisA nahIM hai| isa sambandha meM hama apanI ora se kucha na kahakara SaTkhaNDAgama ke viziSTa vidvAn usake sampAdaka aura bhUmikA lekhaka paM0 hIrAlAla jI zAstrI

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jIvasamAsa kA mantavya, unakI SaTkhaNDAgama kI bhUmikA se uddhRta karake avikala rUpa se de rahe haiN| unake nibandha kA niSkarSa yahI hai ki-- "kisI pUrvavettA AcArya ne dina para dina kSINa hotI huI logoM kI buddhi aura dhAraNA zakti ko dekhakara hI pravacana-vAtsalya se prerita hokara ise gAthA rUpa meM nibaddha kara diyA hai aura vaha AcArya paramparA se pravahamAna hotA huA gharasenAcArya ko prApta huA hai| usameM jo kathana spaSTa thA, usakI vyAkhyA meM adhika bala na dekara jo aprarUpita mArgaNAoM kA gUr3ha artha thA, usakA unhoMne bhUtabali aura puSpadanta ko vistAra se vivecana kiyA aura unhoMne bhI usI gUr3ha rahasya ko apanI racanA meM spaSTa karake kahanA yA likhanA ucita. smjhaa|" mAtra itanA hI nahIM digambara paramparA ke bahuzruta vidvAn AdaraNIya paNDita jI ne apanI bhUmikA ke upasaMhAra meM isa tathya ko spaSTa rUpa se svIkAra kiyA hai ki jIvasamAsa SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvaTThANa prarUpaNAoM kA AdhAra rahA hai| ve likhate hai ki isa prakAra jIvasamAsa kI racanA dekhate hue usakI mahattA hRdaya para svata: hI aMkita ho jAtI hai aura isa bAta meM koI sandeha nahIM rahatA ki usake nirmAtA pUrvavettA the, yA nahIM? kyoMki unhoMne uparyukta upasaMhAra gAthA meM svayaM hI 'bahubhaMgadiTThiyAe' pada dekara apane pUrvavettA hone kA saMketa kara diyA hai| samagra jIvasamAsa kA siMhAvalokana karane para pAThakagaNa do bAtoM ke niSkarSa para pahuMceMge- eka to yaha ki viSaya varNana kI sUkSmatA aura mahattA kI dRSTi se yaha bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa grantha hai aura dUsarI yaha ki yaha SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvaTThANa-prarUpaNAoM kA AdhAra rahA hai|" mAtra itanA hI nahIM ve isa tathya ko bhI svIkAra karate haiM ki zvetAmbara saMsthAoM se prakAzita 'pUrvabhRtsUrisUtrita' jIvasamAsa prAcIna hai aura SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvasthAna aura digambara prAkRta paJcasaMgraha ke jIvasamAsa kA kisI rUpa meM upajIvya bhI rahA hai| mAtra AdaraNIya paNDita jI ne SaTkhaNDAgama kI bhUmikA ke anta meM yaha avazya mAnA hai ki jIvasamAsa meM eka hI bAta khaTakane jaisI hai, vaha yaha ki usameM solaha svargoM ke sthAna para 12 svargoM ke hI nAma haiN| ve likhate haiM- "yadyapi jIvasamAsa kI eka bAta avazya khaTakane jaisI hai ki usameM 16 svargoM ke sthAna para 12 svargoM ke hI nAma haiM aura nava anudizoM kA bhI nAma-nirdeza nahIM hai, tathApi jaise tattvArthasUtra ke 'dazASTapaJcadvAdazavikalpA:' ityAdi sUtra meM 16 ke sthAna para 12 kalpoM kA nirdeza hone para bhI indroM kI vivakSA karake aura 'navasu aveyakeSu vijayAdiSu' ityAdi sUtra meM anudizoM ke nAma kA nirdeza nahIM hone para bhI usakI 'navasu' pada se sUcanA mAna karake

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bhUmikA samAdhAna kara liyA gayA hai usI prakAra se yahA~ bhI samAdhAna kiyA jA sakatA hai|" yadyapi AdaraNIya paNDita jI ne digambara paramparA kI dRSTi se yahA~ isa samasyA kA samAdhAna tattvArthasUtra ke usa sUtra kI, savArthasiddhi kI vyAkhyA ke AdhAra para karane kA kiyA hai| kintu yahA~ merA dRSTikoNa kucha bhinna hai| SaTkhaNDAgama meM aise aneka tathya pAye jAte haiM jo digambara paramparA kI Aja kI mUlabhUta mAnyatAoM se antara rakhate haiN| yadi hama yahA~ strI meM sAtaveM guNasthAna kI sambhAvanA aura strI-mukti ke samarthaka usake prathama khaNDa sUtra 93 kI vivAdAspada vyAkhyA ko na bhI leM, to bhI kucha prAcIna mAnyatAe~ SaTkhaNDAgama kI aisI haiM, jo prastuta jIvasamAsa se samarUpatA rakhatI haiM aura digambara paramparA kI vartamAna mAnyatAoM se bhinnatA / AdaraNIya paNDita jI ne yahA~ yaha prazna uThAyA hai ki jIvasamAsa meM 12 svargoM kI hI mAnyatA hai, kintu svayaM SaTkhaNDAgama meM bhI 12 svargoM kI hI mAnyatA hai| usake vargaNAkhaNDa ke prakRti anuyogadvAra kI nimna gAthAe~ 12 svargoM kA hI nirdeza karatI haisakkIsANA paThamaM doccaM tu saNakkumAra- mAhiMdA | tacca tu bamha laMtaya sukka sahassArayA cottha / / - - - 5/5/70, pRSTha saM0- 705 ANada- pANadavAsI taha AraNa- acbudA ya je devA / passaMti paMcamakhidiM chaTTima gevajjayA devA / / savvaM ca logaNAli passaMti aNuttaresu je devA / sakhette ya sakamme rUvagadamaNaMtabhAgaM ca / / 5/5/71 49 - 5/5/72, pRSTha saM0- 706 mAtra yaha hI nahIM, jisa prakAra jIvasamAsa meM pA~ca hI mUla nayoM kI carcA huI hai, usI prakAra SaTkhaNDAgama meM bhI sarvatra unhIM pA~ca nayoM kA nirdeza huA hai| tattvArthasUtra kI prAcIna bhASyamAna paramparA bhI pA~ca mUla nayoM kA hI nirdeza karatI hai, jabaki sarvArthasiddhi mAnya pATha meM sAta nayoM kI carcA hai| vastutaH tattvArthasUtra kA bhASyamAna pATha SaTkhaNDAgama aura jIvasamAsa kisI prAcIna dhArA kA pratinidhitva karate haiN| cAhe hama paramparAgata AdhAroM para inheM eka-dUsare ke AdhAra para banAyA gayA na bhI mAneM to bhI itanA to nizcita hI hai ki unakA mUla AdhAra pUrvasAhitya kI paramparA rahI hai| -

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50 jIvasamAsa zvetAmbara jIvasamAsa aura digambara jIvasamAsa prastuta jIvasamAsa ke samAna hI digambara paramparA meM prAkRta paJcasaMgraha ke antargata jIvasamAsa pAyA jAtA hai| donoM ke nAma sAmya ko dekhakara svAbhAvika rUpa se yaha jijJAsA hotI hai ki ina donoM meM kitanA sAmya aura vaiSamya hai aura kauna kisake AdhAra para nirmita huA hai| isa sambandha meM bhI yadi maiM apanI ora se kucha kahatA hU~ to zAyada yaha samajhA jAyegA ki mujhe kucha pakSa vyAmoha hai| ataH isa sambandha meM bhI apanI ora se kucha na kahakara punaH digambara paramparA ke bahuzruta vidvAn paNDita hIrAlAla jI zAstrI kI paJcasaMgraha kI bhUmikA se hI kucha aMza avikala rUpa se uddhRta kara rahA huuN| AdaraNIya paNDita jI likhate haiM "paJcasaMgraha ke prathama prakaraNa kA nAma jIvasamAsa hai| isa nAma kA eka grantha zrI RSabhadevajI kezarImalajI zvetAmbara saMsthA ratalAma kI ora se san 1928 meM eka saMgraha ke bhItara prakAzita huA hai, jisakI gAthA saMkhyA 286 hai| nAma- sAmya hote hue bhI adhikAMza gAthAe~ na viSayagata samatA rakhatI haiM aura na arthagata samatA hI / gAthA- saMkhyA kI dRSTi se bhI donoM meM paryApta antara hai| phira bhI jitanA kucha sAmya pAyA jAtA hai, unake AdhAra para eka bAta sunizcita rUpa se kahI jA sakatI hai ki zvetAmbara saMsthAoM se prakAzita jIvasamAsa prAcIna hai| paJcasaMgrahakAra ne usake dvArA sUcita anuyogadvAroM meM se 1- 2 anuyogadvAra ke AdhAra para apane jIvasamAsa prakaraNa kI racanA kI hai| isake pakSa meM kucha pramANa nimnaprakAra hai 1. zvetAmbara saMsthAoM se prakAzita jIvasamAsa ko 'pUrvabhRtsUrisUtrita' mAnA jAtA hai| isakA yaha artha hai ki jaba jaina paramparA meM pUrvo kA jJAna vidyamAna thA, usa samaya kisI pUrvavettA AcArya ne isakA nirmANa kiyA hai| grantha-racanA ke dekhane se aisA jJAta hotA hai ki yaha grantha bhUtabali aura puSpadanta se bhI prAcIna hai aura vaha SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvaTThANa nAmaka prathama khaNDa kI AThoM prarUpaNAoM ke sUtra nirmANa meM AdhAra rahA hai, tathA yahI grantha prastuta paJcasaMgraha ke jIvasamAsa nAmaka prathama prakaraNa kA bhI AdhAra rahA hai| isakI sAkSI meM ukta grantha kI eka gAthA pramANa rUpa se upasthita kI jAtI hai jo ki zvetAmbara jIvasamAsa meM maMgalAcaraNa ke pazcAt hI pAI jAtI hai| vaha isa prakAra hai Nikkheva NirutIhiM ya chahiM aTThahiM aNuogadArehiM / mahiya jIvasamAsA'NugaMtabbA ||2||

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bhUmikA isameM batalAyA gayA hai ki nAmAdi nikSepoM ke dvArA; nirukti ke dvArA, nirdeza, svAmitva Adi chaha aura sat, saMkhyA Adi ATha anuyogadvAroM se tathA gati Adi caudaha mArgaNA dvAroM se jIvasamAsa ko jAnanA caahie| isake pazcAt ukta sUcanA ke anusAra hI sat-saMkhyAdi AThoM prarUpaNAoM Adi kA mArgaNAsthAnoM meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa jIvasamAsa prakaraNa kI gAthA - saMkhyA kI svalpatA aura jIvaTThANa ke AThoM prarUpaNAoM kI sUtra saMkhyA kI vizAlatA hI usake nirmANa meM eka dUsare kI AdhAra - AdheyatA ko siddha karatI hai| jIvasamAsa kI gAthAoM aura SaTkhaNDAgama ke jIvasthAnakhaNDa ko AThoM prarUpaNAoM kA varNana krama viSaya kI dRSTi se kitanA samAna hai, yaha pAThaka donoM kA adhyayana kara svayaM hI anubhava kreN| - 51 prastuta paJcasaMgraha ke jIvasamAsa prakaraNa ke anta meM upasaMhAra karate hue jo 182 aMka saMkhyA vAlI gAthA pAyI jAtI hai, usase bhI hamAre ukta kathana kI puSTi hotI hai| vaha gAthA isa prakAra hai Nikkheve eyaTThe pAyappamANe Nirukti- annioge| maggai vIsaM bhee so jANai jIvasabbhAvaM / / arthAt jo puruSa nikSepa, ekArtha, naya, pramANa, nirukti aura anuyogadvAroM se mArgaNA Adi bIsa bhedoM meM jIva kA anveSaNa karatA hai, vaha jIva ke yathArtha sadbhAva yA svarUpa ko jAnatA hai| pAThaka svayaM hI dekheM ki pahalI gAthA kI bAta ko hI dUsarI gAthA ke dvArA pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| kevala eka antara donoM meM hai| vaha yaha ki pahalI gAthA ukta prakaraNa ke prArambha meM dI haiM, jabaki dUsarI gAthA usa prakaraNa ke anta meN| pahale prakaraNa meM pratijJA ke anusAra pratipAdya viSaya kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, jaba ki dUsare prakaraNa meM kevala eka nirdeza anuyogadvAra se 14 mArgaNAoM meM jIva kI viMzatividhA satprarUpaNA kI gaI hai aura zeSa saMkhyAdi prarUpaNAoM ko na kahakara unake jAnane kI sUcanA kara dI gaI hai| 2. pRthivI Adi SaTkAyika jIvoM ke bheda pratipAdana karane vAlI gAthAe~ bhI donoM jIvasamAsoM meM bahuta kucha samatA rakhatI haiN| 3. prAkRta vRttivAle jIvasamAsa kI aneka gAthAe~ ukta jIvasamAsa meM jyoM-kI-tyoM pAI jAtI hai| ukta samatA ke hote hue bhI paJcasaMgrahakAra ne ukta jIvasamAsa- prakaraNa kI aneka gAthAe~ jahA~ saMkalita kI haiM, vahA~ aneka gAthAe~ una para bhASyarUpa se

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jIvasamAsa racI hai aura aneka gAthAoM kA Agama ke AdhAra para svayaM bhI svatantra rUpa se nirmANa kiyA hai| (pR. 37) phira bhI yaha satya hai ki donoM jIvasamAsoM meM kucha gAthAyeM samAna haiN| anuvAdikA sAdhvI zrI vidyutprabhAzrI jI ke sahayoga se jo kucha samAna gAthAeM hameM prApta ho sakI ve nIce dI jA rahI haiM--- jIvasamAsa- paJcasaMgraha : tulanAtmaka adhyayana (1) mArgaNA jIvasamAsa gai indiya kAe joe vee kasAya nANe y| saMjaya daMsaNa lesA bhava samme sanni aahaare|| 6 / / paJcasaMgraha gai indiyaM ca kAe joe vee kasAya NANe yA saMjama daMsaNa lessA bhaviyA sammata saNi AhAre / / 57 / / (2) jIva ke bheda jIvasamAsa egiMdiyA ya bAyarasuhumA pajjatayA apjjttaa| biyatiya cauridiya duviha bheya pajjata iyare y|| 23 / / paMcindiyA asaNNI saNNI pajjattayA apjjttaa| paMcidiesa codasa micchadiTThi bhave sesA / / 24 / / paJjasaMgraha bAyarasuhumegidiya bi-ti-cauridiya asnnnnii-snnnniiy| pajjattApajjattA evaM caudasA hoti / / 34 / / (3) guNasthAna jIvasamAsa micchA''sAyaNa missA avirayasammA ya desavirayA y| virayA pamatta iyare apuSva aNiyaTTi suhupA y|| 8 / / uvasaMta khINamohA sajogI kevalijiNo ajogI y| caudasa jIvasamAsA kameNa ee'NugaMtavvA / / 9 / /

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53 (3) teukAya jIvasamAsa iMgAla jAla accI mummura suddhAgaNI ya agaNI y| vaNNAIhi ya bheyA suhumANaM natthi te bheyA / / 32 / / paJcasaMgraha- iMgAla jAla accI sumpura suddhAgaNI ya agaNI ya / aNNevi evamAI teDakkAyA samuditA / / 79 / / (4) vAyukAya jIvasamAsa vAubhAme Ukkali maMDaliguMjA mahAthaNataNu yA / vaNNAIhi ya bheyA suhumANa natthi te bheyA / / 33 / / paJcasaMgraha vAu bhAmo ukkali maMDali guMjA mahAghaNa taNU yA ede du vADakAyA jIvA jiNasAsaNe diTThA / / 80 / / (5) vanaspatikAya jIvasamAsa jIvasamAsa mUlaggaporabIyA kaMdA taha khaMdhabIya bIyarUhA / saMbhucchimA ya bhaNiyA patteya aNaMtakAyA yA / / 34 / / paJcasaMgraha - mUlaggaporabIyA kaMdA taha khaMdha boya bIyarUhA / sammucchimA ya bhaNiyA patteyANaMtakAyA ya. / / 81 / / narakoM meM lezyA jIvasamAsa kAU kAU taha kAUnIla nIlA ya nIlakiNhA y| kiver ya paramakiNhA lesA rayaNappabhAiNaM / / 72 / / paJcasaMgraha kAU kAU taha kAu-gIla NIlA ya NIla- kiNhA y| kivhA ya paramakihA lesA rayaNAdi- puDhavI / / 185 /

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paJcasaMgraha (4) paryApte jIvasamAsa- micchosAsaNa misso aviradasammo ya desavirado ya / virado pamatta iyaro apuSSa aNiyaTTi suhamo ya / / 4 / / uvasaMta khINamoho sajogikevalI jiNo ajogI y| caudasa guNadvANANi ya kameNa siddhA ya NAyavvA / / 5 / / AhAra sarIridiya pajjattI ANapANa bhAsamaNe / cattAri paMcachappiya egiMdiya vigala saNNINaM / / 25 / / paJcasaMgraha (1) pRthvIkAya jIvasamAsa AhArasarIriMdiyapajjattI ANapANabhAsamaNo / cattAri paMca chappiya eiMdiya viyala saNNINaM / / 44 / / paJcasaMgraha- bhUmikA puDhavI ya sakkara bAluyA ya uvale silA ya loNUse / ayataMba tauya sIsaya rUpA suvaNNe ya vaira y|| 27 / / puDhavI ya sakkarA vAluyA ya uvale silAi chattIsA / puDhavImayA hu jIvA NiDiTThA jiNavariMdehiM / / 77 / / (2) appakAya jIvasamAsa--- osA ya himaM mahigA harataNu suddhodae ghaNoe ya / vaNNAIhi ya bheyA suhumANaM natthi te bheyA / / 31 / / paJcasaMgraha 54 osA ya himiya mahiyA haradaNu suddhodayaM dhaNudayaM ca / ede du AukAyA jIvA jiNasAsaNe diDThThA / / 78 / /

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devoM meM lezyA jIvasamAsa paJcasaMgraha bhavyatva jIvasamAsa AhAraka teU teU taha teU pamha pamhA ya pamhasukkA y| sukkA ya paramasukkA sakkAdivimANavAsINaM / / 73 / / teU teU vaha teu-pamha pammA ya pamma sukkA ya / sukkA ya paramasukkA lesA bhavaNAidevANaM / / 189 / / paJcasaMgraha samudghAta micchadiTTi abhavvA bhavasiddhAyA ya savvaThANesu / siddhA neva abhavyA navi bhavyA huMti nAyavvA / / 75 / / jIvasamAsa bhUmikA Naya je bhavyAbhavvA muttisuhA hoti tIdasaMsArA / te jIvA NAyavvA No bhavvA No abhavvA y|| 157 / / paJcasaMgraha -- viggahagaimAvannA kevaliNo samuhayA ajogI ya siddhA ya aNAhArA sesA AhAragA jIvA / / 82 / / viggahagamAvaNNA kevaliNo samuhado ajogI yA siddhA ya aNAhArA sesA AhArayA jIvA / / 177 / / jIvasamAsa-- 55 veyaNa kasAya maraNe veDavvi ya teyae ya AhAre / kevali va samugdhAe sattaya maNuesu nAyavvA / / 112 /

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jIvasamAsa paJcasaMgraha veyaNa kasAya veubdhiya mAraNaMtio smugghaao| tejA''hAro chaTTho sattamao kevalINaM ca / / 196 / / naraka meM antarakAla jIvasamAsa cauvIsa muhuttA satta divasa pakkho ya mAsa duga curo| chammAsA rayaNAisa cauvIsa muhutta saNNiyare / / 250 / / paJcasaMgraha paNayAlIsa muhUttA pakkho mAso ya viNi cumaasaa| chammAsa varisameya ca aMtaraM hoi puDhavINaM / / 206 / / (1) naraka (2) naraka (3) naraka (4! naraka (5) naraka 16) naraka (7) bharaka jIvasamAsa 24 muhUrta 7 dina 1 pakSa mAsa 2 mAsa 4 mAsa 6 maas||250|| paJcasaMgraha 45 muhUrta 1 pakSa 1 mAsa 2 mAsa 4 mAsa 6 mAsa 1 vrss-|| 206 / / samyaktvAdi kA virahakAla jIvasamAsa--- sammatta sattagaM khalu virayAviraI hoi caudsgN| viraIe panarasagaM virahiya kAlo ahorttaa|| 262 / / paJcasaMgraha-- sammatte satta diNA viradAvirade ya caudasA hoti| viradesa ya paNNarasaM virahiyakAlo ya bohavyo / / 205 / / donoM gAthA kA artha samAna hai| mAtra zabdoM kA antara hai| viSayavastu jIvasamAsa kI prArambhika gAthAoM meM hI yaha spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai ki isa grantha meM cAra nikSepoM, chaha evaM ATha anuyogadvAroM aura caudaha mArgaNAoM ke AdhAra para jIva ke svarUpa kA evaM usake AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI caudaha avasthAoM kA arthAt caudaha guNasthAnoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| sampUrNa grantha 287 prAkRta gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai aura nimna ATha dvAroM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA . hai- (1) satpadaprarUpaNA, (2) dravya-parimANa, (3) kSetra, (4) sparzaNA, (5)

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bhUmikA 57 kAla, (6) antara, (7) bhAva aura (8) alpbhutv| ina ATha anuyogadvAroM ko AdhAra banAkara pratyeka dvAra meM jIva ke tatsambandhI pakSa kI carcA kI gaI haiN| ATha anuyogadvAroM ke ullekha ke pazcAt grantha meM caudaha mArgaNAsthAnoM, caudaha jIvasthAnoM aura caudaha guNasthAnoM ke nAmoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| mArgaNA vaha hai jisake mAdhyama se jIva apanI abhivyakti karatA hai| jIva kI zArIrika, aindrika, mAnasika evaM AdhyAtmika zaktiyoM kI abhivyaktiyoM ke jo mArga haiM ve hI mArgaNA kahe jAte haiN| mArgaNAe~ nimna haiM- (1) gati-mArgaNA, (2) indriyamArgaNA, (3) kAya-mArgaNA, (4) yoga-mArgaNA, (5) veda-mArgaNA, (6) kaSAyamArgaNA, (7) jJAna-mArgaNA, (8) saMyama-mArgaNA, (9) darzana-mArgaNA, (10) lezyA-mArgaNA, (11) bhavyatva-mArgaNA, (12) samyaktva-mArgaNA, (13) saMjJImArgaNA aura (14) aahaar-maargnnaa| isI krama meM Age caudaha guNasthAnoM kA jIvasamAsa ke nAma se nirdeza kiyA gayA haiN| ve caudaha guNasthAna nimna haiM (1) mithyAtva guNasthAna, (2) sAsvAdana guNasthAna, (3) mizra guNasthAna, (4) avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna, (5) deza-virata guNasthAna, (6) pramattasaMyata guNasthAna, (7) apramattasaMyata guNasthAna, (8) apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna, (9) anivRttibAdara guNasthAna, (10) sUkSmasamparAya guNasthAna, (11) upazAntamoha guNasthAna, (12) kSINamoha guNasthAna, (13) sayogIkevalI guNasthAna aura (14) ayogIkevalI gunnsthaan| ina prArambhika nirdezoM ke pazcAt jIvasamAsa ke prathama satpadaprarUpaNAdvAra meM uparyata caudaha mArgaNAoM ke sandarbha meM unakI bheda-prabhedoM kI carcA karate hue yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki kisa mArgaNA ke kisa bheda athavA prabheda meM kitane guNasthAna upalabdha hote haiN| vastutaH prathama satpadanarUpaNA dvAra caudaha mArgaNAoM aura caudaha guNasthAnoM ke pArasparika saha-sambandhoM ko spaSTa karatA hai| hamArI jAnakArI meM acela paramparA meM SaTkhaNDAgama aura sacela paramparA meM jIvasamAsa hI ve prathama grantha hai jo guNasthAnoM aura mArgaNAoM ke saha-sambandha ko spaSTa karate haiN| jJAtavya hai ki AcArya kundakunda ne apane grantha niyamasAra meM jIvasthAna, mArgaNAsthAna aura guNasthAna tInoM ko svatantra siddhAntoM ke rUpa meM pratisthApita kiyA hai| aisA lagatA hai ki AcArya kundakunda ke samaya meM ye tInoM avadhAraNAyeM na kevala vikasita ho cukI thIM, apitu inake pArasparika sambandha bhI suspaSTa kiye jA cuke the| yadi hama isa sandarbha meM jIvasamAsa kI sthiti kA vicAra kare to hameM spaSTa lagatA hai ki jIvasamAsa ke racanAkAla taka ye avadhAraNAe~ astitva meM to A cukI thIM, kintu inakA nAmakaraNa saMskAra nahIM huA thaa| jIvasamAsa kI gAthA chaha meM caudaha mArgaNAoM ke nAmoM kA nirdeza hai, kintu

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58 jIvasamAsa yaha nirdeza nahIM hai ki inheM mArgaNA kahA jAtA hai| isI prakAra gAthA ATha aura nau meM caudaha guNasthAnoM ke nAmoM kA nirdeza hai, kintu vahA~ inheM guNasthAna na kahakara jIvasamAsa kahA gayA hai| usI kAla ke anya do grantha samavAyAMga aura SaTakhaNDAgama bhI guNasthAnoM ke lie guNasthAna zabda kA prayoga na kara kramazaH jIvasthAna aura jIvasamAsa zabda kA prayoga karate hai| AcArya kundakunda hI prathama vyakti hai jo ina tInoM avadhAraNAoM ko spaSTatayA alaga-alaga karate hai| isI AdhAra para pro0 DhAkI Adi kucha vidvAnoM kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki kundakunda kA kAla chaThI zatAbdI ke pazcAt hI mAnanA hogaa| jaba ye tInoM avadhAraNAe~ eka-dUsare se pRthak-pRthak sthApita ho cukI thIM aura inameM se pratyeka ke eka-dUsare se pArasparika sambandha ko bhI sunizcita rUpa se nirdhArita kara diyA gayA thaa| prastuta kRti meM caudaha guNasthAnoM ke nAma nirdeza ke pazcAt jIva ke prakAroM kI carcA huI hai usameM sarvaprathama yaha batAyA gayA hai ki AyogI kevalI do prakAra ke hote haiM- sabhava aura abhv| abhava ko hI siddha kahA gayA hai| punaH sAMsArika jIvoM meM unake cAra prakAroM kI carcA huI hai.- (1) nAraka, (2) tiryaJca, (3) manuSya aura (4) devtaa| isake pazcAt prastuta kRti meM nArakoM ke sAta bhedoM aura devoM ke bhavanavAsI vyantara, jyotiSa aura vaimAnika ye cAra bheda kiye gaye hai| isake pazcAt inake upabhedoM kI bhI carcA huI hai| gaNasthAna siddhAnta ke sandarbha meM uparokta cAroM gatiyoM kI carcA karate hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki deva aura nAraka yoniyoM meM prathama cAra guNasthAna pAye jAte haiN| tiryaJcagati meM prathama pA~ca guNasthAna pAye jAte haiM, jabaki manuSya gati meM caudaha hI guNasthAna pAye jAte haiN| jJAtavya hai ki prastuta prasaMga meM inake lie guNasthAna zabda kA prayoga na karate hue jIvasthAna zabda kA hI prayoga kiyA gayA hai| isake pazcAt paryApta aura aparyApta kI carcA meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki aparyApta meM mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna hotA hai| paryApta meM unakI gati ke anusAra guNasthAna pAye jAte haiN| isake pazcAt indriyoM kI dRSTi se carcA kI gaI hai| isameM ekendriya se lekara pazzendriya taka ke jIvoM kI carcA hai| isameM caturindriya taka kevala mithyAtva guNasthAna hotA hai, jabaki paJcendriya meM caudaha guNasthAna pAe jAte haiN| ___ isake pazcAt prastuta kRti meM indriya-mArgaNA kI carcA karate hue ekendriya se lekara paJcendriya taka ke jIvoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kI vistAra se carcA kI gaI haiN| isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki ekendriya jIva, bAdara (sthUla) aura sUkSma aise do prakAra ke hote haiN| punaH ina donoM hI prakAroM ke paryApta aura aparyApta aise

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bhUmikA do-do upabheda hote hai| dvIndriya, trIndriya aura caturindriya jIvoM ke bhI paryApta aura aparyApta aise do bheda hote haiN| paJcendriyoM ke paryApta, aparyApta tathA saMjJI aura asaMjJI aise upabheda hote haiN| inameM paryApta saMjJI paJcendriya meM caudaha guNasthAna hote haiM, zeSa sabhI jIvoM meM mAtra mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna hotA hai| jJAtavya hai ki isI sandarbha meM jIvasamAsa meM AhAra, zarIra, indriya, zvAsocchvAsa, bhASA aura mana- ye cha: paryAptiyA~ batAI gayI hai aura yaha batAyA gayA hai ki ekendriya jIvoM meM cAra, vikalendriya meM pA~ca aura saMjJI paJcendriya meM cha: paryAptiyA~ hotI hai| kAya-mArgaNA kI carcA karate hue isameM SaTjIvanikAyoM aura unake bheda-prabhedoM kI vistAra se carcA kI gaI hai| SaTjIvanikAyoM ke bheda-prabhedoM kI yaha carcA mukhyataH uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke chattIsaveM adhyayana ke samAna hI hai| yadyapi yaha carcA usakI apekSA saMkSipta haiM, kyoMki isameM trasa-jIvoM kI carcA adhika vistAra se nahIM kI gaI hai| isI kAya-mArgaNA kI carcA ke antargata granthakAra ne jIvoM ke vibhinna kuloM (prajAtiyoM) evaM yoniyoM (janma grahaNa karane ke sthAna) kI bhI carcA kI gaI hai| yoniyoM kI carcA ke prasaMga meM saMvRtta, vivRtta, saMvRtta-vivRtta tathA sajIva, nirjIva aura sajIva- nirjIva evaM zIta, uSNa tathA zItoSNa yoniyoM kI carcA hai| isI krama meM Age chaha prakAra ke saMghayaNa tathA chaha prakAra ke saMsthAnoM kI bhI carcA kI hai| isI krama meM isa sabakI bhI vistAra se carcA kI gaI hai ki kina-kina jIvoM kI kitanI kulakoTiyA~ hotI haiN| ve kisa prakAra kI yoni meM janma grahaNa karate haiN| unakA asthiyoM kA DhA~cA arthAt saMghahana kisa prakAra kA hotA hai tathA unakI zArIrika saMracanA kaisI hotI hai? isI krama meM Age pA~ca prakAra ke zarIroM kI bhI carcA kI gaI hai aura yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kisa prakAra ke jIvoM ko kauna-kauna se zarIra prApta hote haiN| yoga-mArgaNA ke antargata mana, vacana aura kAyayoga kI carcA kI gaI hai aura yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kisa prakAra ke yoga meM kauna-sA guNasthAna pAyA jAtA hai| yoga-mArgaNA ke pazcAt veda-mArgaNA kI carcA kI gaI hai| jaina paramparA meM veda kA tAtparya svI, puruSa athavA napuMsaka kI kAma vAsanA se hai| vedamArgaNA kI carcA ke pazcAt kaSAya-mArgaNA kI carcA hai| isameM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha- ina cAra kaSAyoM meM pratyeka ke anantAnabandhI apratyAkhyAnI-pratyAkhyAnI evaM saMjvalana aise cAra-cAra vibhAga kiye gaye haiM aura yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kisa guNasthAna meM kauna se prakAra ke kaSAya pAye

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60 jIvasamAsa jAte haiN| agrima jJAna-mArgaNA ke antargata pA~ca prakAra ke jJAnoM kI carcA hai| isameM matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna aura manAparyavajJAna ke bheda-prabheda bhI batAye gaye haiM tathA yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kevalajJAna kA koI bheda nahIM hotA hai| Age isI prasaMga meM kauna se jJAna kisa guNasthAna meM pAye jAte haiM, isakA bhI saMkSipta vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| saMyama-mArgaNA ke antargata pA~ca prakAra ke saMyamoM kI carcA kI gaI hai aura yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kisa guNasthAna meM kauna-sA saMyama pAyA jAtA hai| isI carcA ke prasaMga meM pulAka, bakuza, kuzIla, nirgrantha aura snAtaka aise pA~ca prakAra ke zramaNoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| darzana-mArgaNA ke antargata cAra prakAra ke darzanoM kA ullekha karate hue yaha batAyA hai ki kisa guNasthAna meM kitane darzana hote haiN| lezyA-mArgaNA ke antargata chaH lezyAoM kA vistRta vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| isI krama meM lezyA aura guNasthAna ke saha-sambandha ko bhI nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| isameM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki nArakIya jIvoM aura devatAoM meM kisa prakAra lezyA pAyI jAtI hai, kintu yahA~ hameM dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki nArakIya jIvoM aura devoM ke sambandha meM jo lezyA kI kalpanA hai, vaha dravya-lezyA ko lekara hai, unameM bhAva-lezyA to chahoM hI sambhava ho sakatI haiN| vastuta: yahA~ dravya-lezyA svabhAvagata vizeSatA kI sUcaka hai| bhavyatva mArgaNA ke antargata bhavya aura abhavya aise do prakAra ke jIvoM kA nirdeza hai| jaina darzana meM bhavya se tAtparya una AtmAoM se hai jo mokSa ko prApta karane meM samartha haiN| isake viparIta abhavya jIvoM meM mokSa ko prApta karane kI kSamatA kA abhAva hotA hai| guNasthAnoM kI apekSA se abhavya jIvoM meM mAtra mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna hotA hai jabaki bhavya jIvoM meM caudaha hI guNasthAna sambhava haiN| __ bhavyatva-mArgaNA ke pazcAt prastuta kRti meM samyaktva-mArgaNA kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| samyaktva-mArgaNA ke antargata aupazamika, vedaka, kSAyika aura kSAyopazamika aise cAra prakAra ke samyaktva kI carcA hai| isameM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki kisa-kisa guNasthAna meM kisa prakAra kA samyaktva pAyA jAtA hai| saMjJI-mArgaNA ke antargata saMjJI aura asaMjJI- aise do prakAra ke jIvoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai jinameM heya, jJeya aura upAdeya kA viveka karane kI

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bhUmikA sAmarthya hotI hai, use saMjJI kahA jAtA hai| guNasthAnoM kI apekSA se yahA~ yaha batAyA hai ki asaMjJI jIvoM meM mAtra mithyAtva guNasthAna hotA hai, jabaki saMjJI jIvoM meM sabhI guNasthAna sambhava hote haiN| 61 AhAra - mArgaNA ke antargata jIvoM ke do bheda kiye gaye haiM- ( 1 ) AhAraka, (2) anaahaark| isameM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki punarjanma grahaNa karane hetu vigrahagati se gamana karane vAle jIva, kevalI - samudghAta karate samaya kevalI tathA ayogI kevalI aura siddha ye anAhAraka hote haiN| zeSa sabhI ahAraka hote haiN| isa prakAra jIvasamAsa ke isa prathama satpadaprarUpaNA dvAra meM caudaha mArgaNAoM kA caudaha guNasthAnoM se pArasparika sambandha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi gambhIratA se dekhane para yaha lagatA hai ki jIvasamAsa usa prArambhika sthiti kA grantha hai, jaba mArgaNAoM aura guNasthAnoM ke saha-sambandha nirdhArita kiye jA rahe the| jIvasamAsa kA dUsarA dvAra parimANadvAra hai isa dvAra meM sarvaprathama parimANa ke dravya parimANa, kSetra - parimANa, kAla-parimANa aura bhAva-parimANa ye cAra vibhAga kiye gaye haiN| punaH dravya-parimANa ke antargata mAna, unmAna, avamAna, ganima aura pratimAna- aise pA~ca vibhAga kiye gaye hai jo vibhinna prakAra ke dravyoM ( vastuoM) ke taulamApa se sambandhita hai, kSetra - parimANa ke antargata aMgula, vitasti, kukSI, dhanuSa, gAU, zreNI Adi kSetra ko mApane ke paimAnoM kI carcA kI hai| isI krama meM aMgula kI carcA karate hue usake utsedhAMgula, pramANAMgula aura AtmAMgula aise tIna bheda kie haiN| punaH inake bhI pratyeka ke sUcyaMgula, pratarAMgula, dhanAMgula aise tIna-tIna bheda kiye gaye haiN| sUkSma kSetramApa ke antargata paramANu, urdhvareNU, trasareNU, rathareNU, bAlAya, lIkha, jU~ aura yava kI carcA kI gaI hai aura batAyA gayA hai ki ATha yavoM se eka aMgula banatA hai / punaH chaH aMgula se eka pAda, do pAda se eka vitasti tathA do vitasti kA eka hAtha hotA hai, 4 hAthoM kA eka dhanuSa hotA hai, 2000 hAtha yA 500 dhanuSa kA eka gAU (koza) hotA hai| punaH 4 gAU kA eka yojana hotA hai| kAla-parimANa kI carcA karate hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kAla kI sabase sUkSma ikAI samaya hai| asaMkhya samaya kI eka AvalikA hotI hai| saMkhyAta AvalikA kA eka zvAsocchvAsa arthAt prANa hotA hai| sAta prANoM kA eka stoka hotA hai| sAta stokoM kA eka lava hotA hai| sAr3he ar3atIsa lava kI eka nAlikA hotI hai| do nAlikAoM kA eka muhUrta hotA hai| tIsa mUhUrta kA eka ahorAtra (divasa) hotA hai / pandraha ahorAtra kA eka pakSa hotA hai| do pakSa kA eka mAsa hotA hai| do mAsa kI eka Rtu hotI hai| tIna RtuoM kA eka ayana hotA hai| do ayana kA eka varSa hotA hai| caurAsI lAkha varSoM kA eka pUrvAGga hotA

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jIvasamAsa hai| caurAsI lAkha varSoM ko caurAsI lAkha-lAkha varSoM se guNita karane para eka pUrva hotA hai| pUrva ke Age nayUtAMga, nayUta nalinAMga, nalina Adi kI carcA karate hae anta meM zIrSa prahelikA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isake Age kA kAla saMkhyA ke dvArA batAnA sambhava nahIM hone se use palyopama, sAgaropama Adi upamAnoM se spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| jIvasamAsa meM palyopama, sAgaropama ke vividha prakAroM aura unake upamAoM ke dvArA mApane kI vistRta carcA kI gaI hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jaina darzana meM kAla ke paimAnoM kI ativistRta aura gambhIra carcA upalabdha hotI hai| dravya-parimANa nAmaka isa dvAra ke anta meM bhAva-parimANa kI carcA hai| isameM saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta ke bheda-prabhedoM kA atyanta hI sUkSma vivecana kiyA gayA hai| bhAva-parimANa kI isa carcA ke anta meM jIvasamAsa meM pratyakSa aura parokSa aise do pramANoM kI carcA huI hai| isameM indriya pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura Agama aise cAra pramANoM ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| indriya pratyakSa, anumAna aura upamAna ko matijJAna ke antargata tathA Agama ko zrutajJAna ke antargata vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai| Age naya pramANa kI carcA karate hue mUla grantha meM mAtra naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra aura zabda aise pA~ca nayoM kA ullekha huA hai| isI krama meM isa dravya-parimANa-dvAra ke antargata vibhinna guNasthAnoM meM aura vibhinna mArgaNAoM meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA kA parimANa batalAyA gayA hai| jIvasamAsa meM prathama satprarUpaNAdvAra kI carcA lagabhaga 85 gAthAoM meM kI gaI hai, vahI dUsare dravya-parimANa-dvAra kI carcA bhI lagabhaga 82 gAthAoM meM pUrNa hotI hai| usake bAda kSetra-dvAra Adi zeSa cha dvAroM kI carcA atyanta saMkSipta rUpa meM kI gaI hai| tIsare kSetra-dvAra meM sarvaprathama AkAza ko kSetra kahA gayA hai aura zeSa jIva, pudgala, dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya aura kAla ko-kSetrIya arthAt usameM rahane vAlA batAyA gayA hai| isa dvAra ke antargata sarvaprathama cAroM gati ke jIvoM ke dehamAna kI carcA kI gaI hai| prastuta kRti meM dehamAna ko yaha carcA paryApta vistAra ke sAtha upalabdha hotI hai| yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kisa guNasthAnavI jIva loka ke kitane bhAga meM hote haiN| mithyAdRSTi jIva sampUrNa loka meM pAye jAte hai, zeSa guNasthAnavI jIva loka ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga meM hote hai, yadyapi kevalI samudghAta karate samaya sampUrNa loka meM vyApta hote haiN| isa carcA ke pazcAt isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki sUkSma ekendriya aura aparyApta bAdara jIva sarvaloka meM hote haiM, zeSa jIvaloka ke bhAga vizeSa meM hote haiN| yahA~ vAyukAyika jIvoM ko sva-sthAna kI apekSA se to loka ke bhAga vizeSa meM hI mAnA gayA hai, kintu upapAta athavA

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bhUmikA samudghAta kI apekSA se ve bhI sarvaloka meM hote haiN| jIva svasthAna, samuddhAta tathA upapAta kI apekSA se jisa sthAna vizeSa meM rahatA hai, vaha kSetra kahalAtA hai, kintu bhUtakAla meM jisa kSetra meM vaha rahA thA use sparzanA kahate haiN| sparzanA kI carcA agrimadvAra meM kI gaI hai| kSetra-dvAra ke anta meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki AkAza ko chor3akara zeSa pAMcoM dravya loka meM hote haiM, jabaki AkAza loka aura aloka donoM meM hotA hai| catartha sparzanAdvAra ke antargata sarvaprathama loka ke svarUpa evaM AkAra kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| isI krama meM urdhvaloka, adholoka aura tiryakaloka kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| tiryakloka ke antargata jambUdvIpa aura meruparvata kA svarUpa spaSTa kiyA gayA hai aura usake pazcAt dviguNa-dviguNa vistAra vAle lavaNa samudra, dhAtakIyakhaNDa, kAlodadhi samudra, puSkaradvIpa aura usake madhyavartI mAnuSottara parvata kI carcA hai| isI carcA ke antargata yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki manuSya mAnuSottara parvata taka hI nivAsa karate haiM, yadyapi isake Age bhI dviguNita-dviguNita vistAra vAle asaMkhya dvIpa-samudra haiN| sabake anta meM svayambhUramaNa samudra hai| isa dvAra ke anta meM nimna sAta samudghAtoM kI carcA kI gaI hai-- (1) vedanAsamudghAta, (2) kaSAya samudghAta, (3) mAraNAntika samudghAta, (4) vaikriya samudghAta, (5) tejas samudaghAta, (6) AhAraka samudghAta aura (7) kevalI smudghaat| samadghAta kA tAtparya Atma-pradezoM ko zarIra se bAhara nikAlakara loka meM prasarita kara vibhinna karmoM kI nirjarA karanA hai| isI krama meM Age yaha batAyA gayA hai ki kina jIvoM meM kitane samudghAta sambhava hote haiN| isake pazcAt isa sparzana nAmaka dvAra meM vibhinna guNasthAnavI jIva loka ke kitane bhAga kI sparzanA karate haiM yaha batAyA gayA hai| anta meM cAroM gati ke jIva loka ke kitane-kitane bhAga kA sparza karate haiM, isakI carcA kI gaI hai| pA~caveM kAla-dvAra ke antargata tIna prakAra ke kAloM kI carcA kI gaI hai- (1) bhavAyu kAla, (2) kAyasthiti kAla, (3) guNavibhAga kAla aura isameM bhavAyu kAla ke antargata cAroM gatiyoM ke jIvoM kI adhikatama aura nyUnatama Ayu kitanI hotI hai, isakI vistAra se carcA kI gaI hai| yaha carcA do prakAra se kI gaI hai| jIva vizeSa kI apekSA se aura una-una gati ke jIvoM ke sarvajIvoM kI apekSA se yaha batAyA gayA hai ki aparyApta manuSyoM ko chor3akara nAraka, tiryaJca, devatA aura paryApta manuSya sabhI kAloM meM hote haiN| isa carcA ke pazcAt prastuta dvAra meM kAyasthiti kI carcA kI gayI hai| kisI jIva vizeSa kA puna:-punaH

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64 jIvasamAsa nirantara usI kAya meM janma lenA kAyasthiti hai| isa apekSA se deva aura nAraka puna: usI kAya meM janma nahIM lete hai| ata: unakI kAyasthiti ekabhavaparyanta hI hotI hai| paJcendriya tiryazca ko chor3akara zeSa tiryazca jIvoM kI kAyasthiti bhava kI apekSA se anantabhava aura kAla kI apekSA se anantakAla taka mAnI gaI hai| jahA~ taka manuSya aura paJcendriya tiryaJca kA prazna hai, unakI sthiti sAta-ATha bhava taka hotI hai| kAla kI apekSA se yaha kAyasthiti tIna palyopama aura nau karor3a pUrva varSa kI ho sakatI hai| kAyasthiti kI carcA ke bAda kAla-dvAra meM guNavibhAga kAla kI carcA hai| isameM vibhinna gaNasthAnoM ke jaghanya aura utkRSTa kAla kI sImA batAyI gayI hai| isI krama meM samyaktva, strIveda, puruSaveda, lezyA evaM mati Adi pAMca jJAnoM kI kAla maryAdA kI carcA bhI prastuta dvAra meM milatI hai| isI krama meM cakSudarzana aura acakSudarzana ke kAla maryAdA kI carcA karate hue cakSudarzana kA kAla do hajAra sAgaropama aura acakSudarzana kA kAla anAdi-ananta, anAdi-sAnta aura sAdi-sAnta aisA tIna prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai| yadyapi Agama meM usake prathama do prakAroM kA hI nirdeza milatA hai| isake pazcAt isa dvAra meM bhavyatva-abhavyatva Adi kI apekSA se bhI utkRSTa kAla kI carcA huI hai| dvAra ke anta meM vibhinna mArgaNAoM aura guNasthAnoM kI apekSA se utkRSTa-jaghanya kAla kI carcA bhI vistArapUrvaka kI gaI hai| anta meM ajIva dravya ke kAla kI carcA karate hue dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya aura AkAzAstikAya ko anAdi-ananta batAyA hai| kAla sAmAnya dRSTi se to anAdi-ananta hai, kintu vizeSa rUpa se use bhUta, vartamAna aura bhaviSya-- aise tIna vibhAgoM meM bA~TA jAtA hai| pudgala dravya meM paramANu evaM skandhoM kA jaghanyakAla eka samaya aura utkRSTa kAla asaMkhyAta avasarpiNI-utsarpiNI paryanta batAyA hai| chaThe antaradvAra jIva jisa gati athavA paryAya ko chor3akara anya kisI gati yA paryAya ko prApta huA ho, vaha jaba taka punaH usI gati yA paryAya ko prApta na kara sake, taba taka kA kAla antarakAla kahA jAtA hai| prastuta dvAra ke antargata sarvaprathama cAra gatiyoM ke jIvoM meM kauna, kahA~, kisa gati meM janma le sakatA hai, isakI carcA kI gii| usake pazcAt ekendriya, trasakAya evaM siddhoM ke sAmAnya apekSA se nirantara utpatti aura antarAla ke kAla kI carcA kI gaI hai| tatpazcAt siddhoMkI nirantaratA aura antarAla kI carcA karate hue cAroM gatiyoM, pAMcoM indriyoM, SaT jIvanikAyoM Adi kI apekSA se bhI antarakAla kI carcA kI gaI haiN|

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bhUmikA sAtaveM bhAva-dvAra ke antargata sarvaprathama aupazamika, kSAyika, kSAyopazamika, audayika, pAriNAmika evaM sanipAtika aise chaH bhAgoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| usake pazcAt ATha karmoM kI apekSA se vibhinna bhAvoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| isameM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki mohanIya-karma meM cAra bhAva hote haiM, zeSa tIna bhAtI karmoM meM audayika, kSAmika aura mAyopazAmika aise tIna bhAma hone haiN| zeSa aghAtI karmoM meM mAtra audayika bhAva hote haiN| pAriNAmika bhAva to jIva kA svabhAva hai| ata: vaha sabhI avasthAoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| ajIva dravyoM meM dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya aura kAla meM pAriNAmika bhAva hai, kintu yahA~ pAriNAmika bhAva kA tAtparya pariNamana hI samajhanA cAhie, kyoMki bhAva to cetanAgata avasthA hai| pudgala meM pAriNAmika aura audayika donoM bhAva hote haiM, kyoMki pudgala karmavargaNA ke rUpa meM udaya meM bhI Ate haiN| AThaveM alpabahutva-dvAra meM sarvaprathama cAroM gatiyoM evaM siddhoM kI apekSA se alpabahutva kI carcA huI hai, usameM batAyA gayA hai ki sabase alpa manuSya hai, manuSyoM se asaMkhyAta guNA adhika devatA haiM, devoM se asaMkhyAta guNA adhika siddha yA mukta AtmA hai aura siddhoM se ananta guNA adhika tiryaMca haiN| strI-puruSa ke alpabahutva ko batAte hue kahA gayA hai ki mAnava strI sabase kama hai, unakI apekSA puruSa adhika haiM puruSoM se adhika nArakIya jIva haiM, unase asaMkhyAta guNA adhika paMcendriya tiriyazciNi haiM, unase asaMkhyAta guNA adhika deviyA~ haiN| isI krama meM Age vibhinna narakoM kI pArasparika apekSA se aura deva gati meM vibhinna devoM kI apekSA se bhI alpabahutva kA vicAra huA hai| isI krama meM Age vibhinna kAyoM kI apekSA se alpabahutva kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| anta meM vibhinna guNasthAnoM kI apekSA se bhI alpabahutva kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra isa dvAra meM vibhinna mArgaNAoM kI apekSA se alpabahutva kA vicAra huA hai| anta meM ajIva dravyoM aura unake pradezoM ke alpabahutva kA vicAra karate hue prastuta kRti samApta hotI hai, antima do gAthAoM meM jIvasamAsa kA AdhAra dRSTivAda ko batalAte hue jIvasamAsa ke adhyayana ke phala ko spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jo isakA adhyayana karatA hai usakI mati vipula hotI hai tathA vaha dRSTivAda ke vAstavika artha kA jJAtA ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jIvasamAsa kA varNya-viSaya vividha AyAmoM vAlA hai| usameM jaina, khagola, bhUgola, sRSTi-vijJAna ke sAtha-sAtha usa yuga meM pracalita vividha prakAra ke taula-mApa, jIvoM kI vibhinna prajAtiyA~ Adi kA vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| guNasthAna siddhAnta ko AdhAra banAkara ATha anuyogadvAroM ke mAdhyama se usakI vyAkhyA karane vAlA zvetAmbara paramparA meM yaha

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66 jIvasamAsa prathama grantha hai| isakI prAcInatA aura mahattA ko nakArA nahIM jA sktaa| isapara sarvaprathama maladhAra gacchIya zrI hemacandrasUri kI vRtti hai| yaha mUlagrantha sarvaprathama RSabhadeva kezarImala saMsthAna, ratalAma ke dvArA I0 san 1928 meM prakAzita huA thaa| isake bhI pUrva hemacandrasUri kI vRtti ke sAtha yaha grantha Agamodaya samiti bambaI dvArA I0 san 1927 meM mudrita kiyA gayA thaa| jinaratnakoSa se hameM yaha bhI sUcanA milatI hai ki isapara maladhAragacchIya hemacandrasUri kI vRtti ke atirikta zIlAMkAcArya kI eka TIkA bhI upalabdha hotI hai, jo abhI taka aprakAzita hai| yadyapi isakI pratiyA~ bar3audA Adi vibhinna jJAna bhaNDAroM meM upalabdha hotI haiN| isI prakAra isakI eka anya TIkA bRhadvRtti ke nAma se jAnI jAtI hai jo maladhAragacchoya hemacandrasUri ke ziSya abhayadevasUri ke dvArA vikrama saMvat 1164 tadanusAra I0 san 1107 meM likhI gaI thii| isa prakAra yadyapi mUlagrantha aura usakI saMskRta TIkA upalabdha thI, kintu prAkRta aura saMskRta se anabhijJa vyaktiyoM ke lie isake hArda ko samajha pAnA kaThina thaa| isakA prathama gujarAtI anuvAda, jo maladhAragacchIya hemacandrasUri kI TIkA para AdhArita hai, muni zrI amitayaza vijaya kI mahArAja ne kiyA, jo jinazAsana ArAdhanA TrasTa, bambaI ke dvArA I0 san 1985 meM prakAzita huaa| phira bhI hindI bhASA-bhASI janatA ke lie isa mahAn grantha kA upayoga kara pAnA anuvAda ke abhAva meM kaThina hI thaa| I0 san 1995 meM kharataragacchIya mahattarA adhyAtmayoginI pUjyAzrI vicakSaNazrI jI ma0sA0 kI suziSyA evaM sAdhvIvaryA marudharajyoti pUjyA maNiprabhAzrI jI kI nezrAyavartinI sAdhvI zrI vidyutaprabhAzrIjI, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha meM apanI guru bhaginiyoM ke sAtha adhyayanArtha padhArI, unase maiMne isa grantha ke anuvAda ke lie nivedana kiyA, jise unhoMne na kevala svIkAra kiyA apitu kaThina parizrama karake alpAvadhi meM hI isakA anuvAda sampanna kiyaa| usake sampAdana aura saMzodhana meM merI vyavastatA evaM svAsthya sambandhI kAraNoM se apekSA se kucha adhika hI samaya lagA, kintu Aja yaha grantha mudrita hokara lokArpita hone jA rahA hai, yaha atiprasannatA aura santoSa kA viSaya hai| sampAdana evaM bhUmikA lekhana meM hue vilamba ke lie maiM sAdhvIzrI jI evaM pAThakoM se kSamAprArthI huuN|