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________________ jIvana paribodha kA mArga : dharma vartamAna yuga meM dharma ke nAma para aneka vivAda cala rahe haiM, aneka prakAra ke saMgharSa sAmane pA rahe haiN| aisI bAta nahIM hai ki abhI vartamAna meM hI ye vivAda aura saMgharSa ubhara Ae haiN| prAcIna aura bahuta prAcIna kAla se hI 'dharma' eka vivAdAspada prazna rahA hai, pUrva se hI vaha saMgharSa kA kurukSetra banA rahA hai| pratyakSa kI bahata-sI bAtoM ko lekara bhI jaba kabhI-kabhI vivAda uTha khar3e hote haiM, saMgharSa kI bijaliyA~ kauMdhane laga jAtI hai, to jo apratyakSa vastu hai, usake lie vivAda khar3A honA koI Azcarya kI bAta nhiiN| vastutaH dharma eka aisI Antarika sthiti hai, jisakI bAhya sthUla dRzya padArthoM ke samAna pratyakSa anubhUti sAdhAraNa sAdhaka ko nahIM ho paatii| vaha sirpha zraddhA aura upadeza ke AdhAra para hI dharma ke lie calatA rahatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki parasara ke matabhedoM ke kAraNa dharma ke sAgara meM vivAda ke tUphAna macala uThate haiM, tarka-vitarka kA bhaMvara laharA uThatA hai| dharma kyA hai? mla prazna yaha hai ki dharma kyA hai ? antara meM jo pavitra bhAva-taraMgeM uThatI haiM, cetanA kI nirmala dhArA bahatI hai, mAnasa meM zuddha saMskAroM kA eka pravAha umar3atA hai, kyA vahI dharma hai ? yA bAhara meM jo hamArA kRtitva hai, kriyAkAMDa hai, rIti-rivAja haiM, khAne-pIne, pahananepror3hane ke taura-tarIke haiM, ve dharma hai ? hamArA Antarika vyaktitva dharma hai yA bAhya vyaktitva ? hamAre vyaktitva ke do rUpa haiM-eka Antarika vyaktitva hai, jo vAstava meM, hama jaise andara meM hote haiM, usase nirmita hotA hai| dUsarA rUpa hai--bAhya vyaktitva / hama jaisA bAhara meM karate haiM, usI ke anurUpa hamArA bAhya vyaktitva nirmita hotA hai| hamAre samakSa prazna yaha hai ki honA' yA 'karanA' inameM dharma kauna-sA hai ? vyaktitva kA kauna-sA rUpa dharma hai ? andara meM honA dharma hai, athavA bAhara meM karanA dharma hai ? ___ hone' aura 'karane meM bahuta antara hai| andara meM hama jaise hote haiM, use bahuta kama vyakti samajha pAte haiN| Antarika vyaktitva ko pakar3anA utanA hI kaThina hai, jitanA pAre ko aMguliyoM se pkdd'naa| bAhya vyaktitva ko pakar3a lenA bahuta sarala hai, utanA hI sarala, jitanA ki jala kI sataha para tairatI huI lakar3I ko chU lenaa| bAhara meM jo AcAra-vyavahAra hotA hai, use sAdhAraNa buddhi vAlA bhI zIghra hI grahaNa kara letA hai, aura use hI hamAre vyaktitva kA pratinidhi rUpa mAna letA hai| Aja bAharI vyaktitva hI hamArA dharma bana rahA hai| jitane bhI vivAda uThe haiM, saMgharSa ubhare haiM, mata aura paMtha kA vistAra huA hai, ve saba bAhara meM dharma ko mAna lene se hI hue haiN| digambara-zvetAmbara ke rUpa meM jaina-dharma ke do Tukar3e kyoM hue? bauddhoM ke hInayAna aura mahAyAna tathA vaidikoM ke zaiva aura vaiSNava matoM kI bAta chor3ie, hama apane ghara kI hI carcA kareM ki Akhira kauna-sA jAgIrI, jamIMdArI kA jhagar3A huA ki eka bApa ke do beTe alaga-alaga khemoM meM jA DaTe aura eka-dUsare se jhagar3ane lge| zvetAmbara aura digambara AcAryoM ne eka hI bAta kahI hai ki mana meM niSkAmatA aura nispRhatA kA bhAva ho, vItarAga dazA meM sthiratA ho, karuNA aura paropakAra kI vRtti ho, saMyama evaM jIvana parivoSa kA mArga : dharma 107 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ sadAcAramaya jIvana ho, yahI dharma hai| zvetAmbara aura digambara sabhI isa tathya ko eka svara se svIkAra karate haiM, koI AnAkAnI nahIM hai| prazna hai, phira jhagar3A kyA hai ? kisa bAta ko lekara dvandva hai, saMgharSa hai ? ___maiM socatA hU~, yadi eka-dUsare ko ThIka se andara meM samajhane kA prayatna kiyA jAtA, to vivAda jaisA koI prasaMga hI nahIM thaa| para, vivAda huA dharma ko bAhara meM dekhane se| zvetAmbara muni vastra rakhate haiM, to kyA yaha adharma ho gayA? isake lie tarka hai ki vastra AtmA se bhinna bAhara kI paudagalika cIja hai, ata: vaha parigraha hai, aura yadi parigraha hai. to phira sAdhatA kaisI? parantu udhara digambara muni bhI to kucha vastue~ rakhate haiM--morapicchI, kamaNDala, pustaka Adi / isake lie kahA jAtA hai ki ina para hamArI mamatA nahIM hai, jIvarakSA evaM zarIra zuddhi prAdi ke lie hI yaha saba hai, isalie yaha adharma nahIM hai, to maiM socatA hU~ yadi yahI bAta vastra ke sambandha meM bhI samajha lI jAtI, to kyA harja thA? zvetAmbara muni bhI to yahI bAta kahate haiM--- "vastra para hamArI mamatA nahIM hai / yaha kevala loka maryAdA evaM zItAdi nivAraNa ke lie hai, anAkulatA kelie hai, aura kucha ke lie nhiiN|" dharma aura upavAsa: bhojana nahIM karane kA uddezya kyA hai ? upavAsa Adi kyoM kie jAte haiM ? unakA uddezya kyA hai ? zAnti aura samAdhi kI prApti hI na! aura, bhojana karane kA uddezya bhI zAnti aura samAdhi ko banAye rakhanA hI hai| taba to hamArA kendra eka hI huaa| aura isa kendra para khar3e hokara hI hama soca rahe haiM ki upavAsa prAdi tapa ke samAna bhojana bhI anAkulatA kA sAdhana hone se sAdhanA hai, dharma hai| jahA~ taka merA adhyayana evaM anubhava hai, yaha samagra bhAratIya-darzana kA mAnya tathya hai| saMta kabIra ne bhI kahA hai-- "kabirA chupA kukarI, karata bhajana meM bhaMga / yA ko Tukar3A DArike, bhajana karo nIzaMka // " bhakha eka kutiyA hai, yaha zora karatI hai, to zAnti bhaMga hotI hai, dhyAna skhalita ho jAtA hai, ataH ise bhojana kA Tukar3A DAla do aura phira zAnti se apanI sAdhanA karate raho / dharma kA bAhya ativAda : bhojana ke sambandha meM jo sarvasammata vicAra hai, kAza! vahI vicAra yadi vastra ke sambandha meM bhI kiyA jAtA, to isa mahattvapUrNa paramparA ke do Tukar3e nahIM hue hote| jina sAdhaka AtmAoM ko vastra ke abhAva meM bhI zAnti raha sakatI ho, AkulatA nahIM jagatI ho, to unake lie vastra kI bAdhyatA nahIM hai| kintu, vastra ke abhAva meM jinakI zAMti bhaMga hotI ho, unheM samabhAvapUrvaka vastra-dhAraNa karane kI anumati dI jAe, to isameM kauna-sA adharma ho jAtA hai ? bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM sacelaka aura acelaka (savastra aura avastra) donoM paramparAe~ thiiN| taba na nirvastra hone kA Agraha thA aura na savastra hone kaa| na vastra se mukti aTakatI thI aura na avastra se| vastra se mukti taba aTakane lagI, jaba hamArA dharma bAhara meM aTaka gayA, andara meM jhA~kanA banda kara diyA gyaa| vaiSNava paramparA bhI isI prakAra jaba bAhara meM aTakane lagI, to usakA dharma bhI bAhara meM aTaka gayA aura vaha eka buddhivAdI manuSya ke lie nirA upahAsa banakara raha gyaa| atIta meM tilaka ko lekara vaiSNava aura zaiva bhakta kitane jhagar3ate rahe haiM, paraspara kitane TakarAte rahe haiM ? koI sIdhA tilaka lagAtA hai, to koI Ter3hA, koI trizUla mArkA, to koI yU (U) mArkA aura koI sirpha gola bindu hii| aura, tilaka ko yahA~ taka tUla diyA gayA ki tilaka lagAe binA mukti nahIM hotii| tilaka lagA liyA, to durAcArI kI AtmA ko bhI vaikuNTha kA rijarvezana mila gayA! pannA samikkhae dhamma
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________________ vaiSNava paramparA meM eka kathA AtI hai--eka durAcArI vana meM kisI vRkSa ke nIce soyA thaa| vahIM soye-soye usake hAtha-paira ThaMDe par3a gae aura prANa kUca kara ge| vRkSa kI TahanI para eka cir3iyA baiThI thI, usane durAcArI ke mastaka para bITa kara dii| idhara durAcArI kI AtmA ko lene ke lie sama ke dUta pAye, to udhara viSNu ke dUta bhI A phuNce| yamadUtoM ne kahA---yaha durAcArI thA, isalie ise naraka meM le jaaeNge| isa para viSNu ke dUta bolecAhe kitanA hI durAcArI rahA ho, para isake mAthe para tilaka lagA hai, isalie yaha svarga kA adhikArI ho gyaa| donoM dUtoM meM isa para khUba garmAgarma bahaseM huI, lar3e-jhagar3e, Akhira viSNu ke dUta use svarga meM le hI ge| durAcAra-sadAcAra kucha nahIM, kevala tilaka hI saba-kucha ho gayA, vahI bAjI mAra le gyaa| tilaka bhI vicArapUrvaka kahA~ lagA? vaha to cir3iyA kI bITa thii| kucha bhI ho tilaka to ho gayA? socatA hU~, ina galpakathAnoM kA kyA uddezya hai ? jIvana-nirmANa kI dizA meM inakI kyA upayogitA hai ? mastaka para par3I eka cir3iyA kI bITa ko hI tilaka mAna liyA gayA, tilaka hone mAtra se hI durAcArI kI AtmA ko svarga kA adhikAra mila gayA ! dharma kI tejasvitA aura pavitratA kA isase bar3A aura kyA upahAsa hogA? isa prakAra kI eka nahIM, saikar3oM, hajAroM andha-mAnyatAoM se dhArmika-mAnasa grasta hotA rahA hai| jahA~ tote ko rAma-rAma par3hAne mAtra se vezyA ko vaikuNTha mila jAtA hai, sItA ko curAkara rAma ke hAtha se mAre jAne para rAvaNa kI mukti ho jAtI hai, vahA~ dharma ke prAntarika svarUpa kI kyA parakha hogI? / dharma ke ye kucha rUr3ha rUpa haiM, jo bAhara meM aTake hue haiM, aura mAnava-mana inhIM kI bhUlabhulaiyyA meM bhaTaka rahA hai| hama bhI, hamAre par3osI bhI, sabhI eka aise dala-dala meM phaMsa gae haiM ki dharma kA asalI kinArA A~khoM se projhala ho rahA hai aura jo kinArA dikhAI de rahA hai, vaha sirpha andha-vizvAsa aura galata mAnyatAoM kI zaivAla se DhakA huA athAha garta hai| bauddha paramparA meM bhikSu ko cIvara dhAraNa karane kA vidhAna hai| cIvara kA matalaba hai, jagaha-jagaha para silA huA jIrNa vastra, arthAt kanthA ! isakA vAstavika artha to yaha thA ki jo phaTA-purAnA vastra gRhastha ke lie nirupayogI ho gayA ho, vaha vastra bhikSu dhAraNa kre| para, Aja kyA ho rahA hai ? aAja bhikSu bilkula nayA aura sundara vastra lete haiM, bar3hiyA rezamI ! phira usake Tukar3e-Tukar3e karate haiM, aura use sIte haiM, aura isa prakAra cIvara kI purAnI vyavasthA ko kAyama rakhane ke lie use cIvara mAna kara pror3ha lete haiN| dharma kI antardaSTi : ye saba dharma ko bAhara meM dekhane vAloM kI paramparAe~ haiN| ve bAharI kriyA ko, rItirivAja, pahanAva aura banAva Adi ko hI dharma samajha baiThe haiM, jabaki ye to eka sabhyatA aura kulAcAra kI bAteM haiN| bAhara meM koI nagna rahatA hai, yA zveta vastra dhAraNa karatA hai, yA geMruSAM cIvara pahanatA hai, to dharma ko inase nahIM tolA jA sktaa| veSabhUSA, bAharI vyavasthA aura bAharI kriyAe~ kabhI dharma kA paimAnA nahIM ho sktii| inase jo dharma ko tolane kA prayatna karate haiM, ve vaisI hI bhUla kara rahe haiM, jaisI ki maNimuktA aura hIroM kA vajana karane ke lie patthara aura koyalA tolane ke kA~Te kA istemAla karane vAlA karatA hai| dharma kA darzana karane kI jinheM jijJAsA hai, unheM ina bAharI AvaraNoM ko haTAkara bhItara meM jhA~kanA hogaa| kriyA-kANDoM kI bAhya bhUmikA se Upara uTha kara jIbana kI prAntarika bhUmikA taka calanA hogaa| prAcArya haribhadra ne kahA hai jIvana paribodha kA mArga : dharma 106 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ " seyaMbaro ya zrAsaMbarI tha, samabhAvabhAviyappA, buddho va ahava prano vA / lahaI mokkhaM na saMdeho // " koI zvetAmbara ho, yA digambara ho, jaina ho, yA bauddha athavA vaiSNava ho / ye koI dharma nahIM haiM, mukti ke mArga nahIM haiN| dharma koI dasa hajAra, yA do hajAra varSa ke paramparAgata pracAra kA pariNAma nahIM hai, vaha to eka akhaMDa, zAzvata aura pariSkRta vicAra hai aura hamArI vizuddha Antarika cetanA hai / mukti use hI mila sakatI haiM, jisakI sAdhanA samabhAva se paripUrNa hai, duHkha meM bhI aura sukha meM bhI sama hai, nirdvandva hai, vItarAga hai / zrApa loga varSA ke samaya barasAtI or3hakara nikalate haiM, kitanA hI pAnI barase, vaha bhIgatI nahIM, golI nahIM hotI, pAnI baha gayA aura barasAtI sUkhI kI sUkhI / sAdhaka kA mana bhI barasAtI ke samAna ho jAnA cAhie / sukha kA pAnI gire yA duHkha kA, mana ko bhIMganA nahIM cAhie / yahI dvandvoM se alipta rahane kI prakriyA, vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA hai / aura, yahI vItarAgatA, hamArI zuddha antazcetanA dharma hai / dharma ke rUpa : jainAcAryoM ne dharma ke sambandha meM bahuta hI gaharA ciMtana kiyA hai| ve manana-cintana bayA~ lagAte rahe aura sAdhanA ke bahumUlya camakate motI nikAlate rahe / unhoMne dharma ke do rUpa batAe haiM-- eka nizcaya dharma aura dUsarA vyavahAra dharma / kintu vastutaH dharma do nahIM hote, eka hI hotA hai / kintu, dharma kA vAtAvaraNa taiyAra karanevAlI tathAprakAra kI sAdhana-sAmagriyoM ko bhI dharma kI paridhi meM lekara, usake do rUpa banA die haiN| vyavahAra-dharma kA artha hai, nizcaya-dharma taka pahu~cane ke lie pRSThabhUmi taiyAra karane vAlA upa-dharma | sAdhanA kI uttarottara preraNA jagAne ke lie aura usakA adhikAdhika prazikSaNa ( TreniMga ) lene ke lie vyavahAra dharma kI AvazyakatA hai| yaha eka prakAra kA skUla hai / skUla jJAna kA dAvedAra nahIM hotA, kintu jJAna kA vAtAvaraNa jarUra nirmANa karatA hai| skUla meM Ane vAle ke bhItara pratibhA hai, to vaha vidvAn bana sakatA hai, jJAna kI jyoti prApta kara sakatA hai / aura, yadi nirA buddharAja hai, to varSoM taka skUla kI baiMceM tor3ane ke bAda bhI vaisA kA vaisA hI rhegaa| skUla meM yaha zakti nahIM ki kisI ko vidvAn banA hI de / yahI bAta vyavahAra-dharma kI hai / bAhya kriyAkAMDa kisI kA kalyANa karane kI gAraNTI nahIM de sakatA / jisa sAdhaka ke antar meM, aMzataH hI sahI, nizcaya dharma kI jAgRti huI hai, usI kA kalyANa ho sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| hA~, paristhitiyoM ke nirmANa meM vyavahAra dharma kA sahayoga avazya rahatA hai / vartamAna paristhitiyoM meM hamAre jIvana meM nizcaya-dharma kI sAdhanA jaganI caahie| bahAra dharma ke kAraNa jo vikaTa vivAda, samasyAe~ aura aneka saradarda paidA karane vAle prazna kauMdha rahe haiM, unakA samAdhAna sirpha nizcaya-dharma kI ora unmukha hone se hI ho sakatA hai / Aja kA dhArmika jIvana ulajhA huA hai, sAmAjika jIvana samasyAoM se ghirA hai, rAjanItika jIvana tanAva aura saMgharSa se azAnta hai / ina sabakA samAdhAna eka hI ho sakatA hai vaha hai nizcaya-dharma kI sAdhanA arthAt jIvana meM vItarAgatA, anAsakti ! vItarAgatA kA dRSTikoNa vyApaka hai / hama apanI vaiyaktika, sAmAjika evaM sAmpradAyika mAnyatAoM ke prati bhI Asakti na rakheM, Agraha na kareM, yaha eka spaSTa dRSTikoNa hai / satya ke lie zrAgrahI honA eka cIja hai aura mata ke lie AgrahI hotA dUsarI cIja / satya kA Agraha dUsare ke satya ko ThukarAtA nahIM, apitu sammAna karatA hai| jabaki mata kA * grAgraha dUsare ke abhimata satya ko satya hote hue bhI ThukarAtA hai, use lAMchita karatA hai / 110 panA samikkha dhammaM .
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________________ satya ke lie saMgharSa karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, usake lie sAdhanA karanI par3atI hai| mana ko samatA aura anAgraha se jor3anA hotA hai| sAmAjika sambandhoM meM vItarAgatA kA artha hotA hai. Apa apane sukha ke pIche pAgala 70 pUrNa ho, dUsare ke lie apane sukha kA tyAga karane ko prastuta hoM, to sAmAjika kSetra meM bhI nizcaya dharma kI sAdhanA ho sakatI hai| rAjanaitika jIvana bhI Aja AsaktiyoM ke gande jala meM kulabulA rahA hai| vicAroM kI Asakti, pada aura pratiSThA kI Asakti, kursI kI Asakti ! dala aura dala se milane vAle phala kI prAsakti ! jIvana kA hara konA AsaktiyoM se jakar3A huA hai--phalataH jIvana saMgharSamaya hai| dharma kA vAstavika rUpa yadi jIvana meM A jAe, to yaha saba vivAda sulajha sakate haiM, sava prazna hala ho sakate haiM aura dharma phira eka vivAdAspada prazna ke rUpa meM nahIM, balki eka sunizcita evaM sunirNIta jIvana-darzana ke rUpa meM hamAre samakSa prastuta hogaa| dharmaniSTha vyakti vaha hai, jise kartavya-pAlana kA dRr3ha abhyAsa hai| jo vyakti saMkaTa ke vikaTa kSaNoM meM bhI apane kartavya kA parityAga nahIM karatA, usase bar3hakara isa jagatI-tala tarkAtIta hai, vahA~ tarka kI bhI pahu~ca nahIM hai| kartavya-karmoM ke dRr3ha abhyAsa se, satata anuSThAna se dhArmika pravattiyoM kA udbhava hotA hai| abhyAsa ke dvArA dhIre-dhIre pratyeka kartavya, dharma meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| kartavya, usa vizeSa karma kI ora saMketa karatA hai, jise manuSya ko avazya karanA caahie| kartavya karane ke abhyAsa se, dharma kI vizuddhi bar3hatI hai, ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki dharma aura kartavya eka-dUsare ke pUraka haiM, eka-dUsare ke vighaTaka nhiiN| kyoMki dharma kA kartavya meM prakAzana hotA hai aura kartavya meM dharma kI abhivyakti hotI hai| dharma kyA hai, isa sambandha meM paurvAtya evaM pAzcAtya sabhI prAtma-lakSI vidvAnoM kA eka mata hai ki dharma manuSya ke mana kI dRSpravRttiyoM aura vAsanAtroM ko niyaMtrita karane evaM AtmA ke samagra zubha kA lAbha prApta karane kA eka abhyAsa hai| dharma caritra kI utkRSTatA hai| adharma caritra kA kalaMka hai| kartavya-pAlana meM dharma kA prakAzana hotA hai, isake viparIta pApakarmoM meM adharma udbhUta hotA hai| dharma AtmA kI eka svAbhAvika vRtti kA nAma hai| jIvana paribodha kA mArga : dharma 111 Jain Education Interational