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________________ jinabhadragaNi ke eka gaNitIya sUtra kA rahasya DaoN0 rAdhAcaraNa gupta zrI jinabhadra gaNi kSamAzramaNa jainiyoM ke dasaveM yuga-pradhAna kahe gaye haiN| inakA samaya IsavI san 600 ke AsapAsa thaa| valabhI nareza maitraka ke adhIna rahakara unhoMne zaka 531 (arthAta 609 I0) meM AvazyakasUtra ke sAmayikAdhyayana khaNDa para apane vizeSAvazyaka bhASya kI racanA kI thI jisameM lagabhaga 3600 prAkRta gAthAe~ haiN| vizeSAvazyaka bhASya para koTyAcArya ne eka TIkA likhI hai| isake atirikta jinabhadrajI ko aneka anya granthoM va TIkAoM kA bhI racayitA mAnA gayA hai jinameM nimnalikhita zAmila haiM 1. kSetrasamAsa yA bRhatkSetrasamAsa / 2. bRhtsNgrhnnii| 3. jiitklp| 4. dhyAnazataka / 5. nizIthabhASya / 11. prajJApanAsUtra ko TokA / 7. sarIrapAda kI TIkA ! yahA~ hama jinabhadra ke kevala bahatakSetrasamAsa kI carcA kareMge, joki 637 gAthAoM meM hai| isapara nimnalikhita vidvAnoM ne TIkAe~ likhI haiM : 1. haribhadra (lagabhaga 1128 I0) 2. devagupta sUri ke ziSya siddhasUri (laga0 1135 I.) 3. malayagiri (laga0 1150 I0) / 4. vijayasiMha (laga0 1158 I0) / 5. devabhadra (laga 1176 I0)? 6. jinezvara ke ziSya AnandasUri (laga0 1225 I0) 7. padmaprabha ke ziSya devAnanda (laga0 1398 I.)? 8. padmAnanda sUri (?) inake atirikta kucha ajJAta lekhakoM kI TIkAoM kA bhI varNana milatA hai jaise laghuvRtti tathA bAlabodha (prAcIna rAjasthAnI meN)| ina saba meM se kevala malayagiri kI TIkA ke sAtha jinabhadra kA kSetrasamAsa bhAvanagara se saMvat 1977 (arthAt san 1920-21 I0) meM jaina dharma prasAraka sabhA dvArA prakAzita huA hai| isa lekha meM hama jinabhadragaNi ke kevala usa eka gaNitIya sUtra kA vivecana kareMge, jisako unhoMne apane bahatkSatrasamAsa (a0 1, gAthA 122) meM uddhRta kiyA hai / yaha sUtra unhoMne eka vRtta meM do samAnAntara jIvAoM (chords) ke bIca ke vRttIya khaNDa (ardhavRtta se kama) kA kSetraphala nikAlane ke lie diyA hai| usakA upayoga jambUdvIpa ke vibhinna kSetroM (bhAratavarSa se airAvata varSa taka ke kSetraphaloM (areas) ko prApta karane meM kiyA jA sakatA hai| AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana anya .
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________________ T citra (igure) meM mAna lo ki choTI jIvA AB=a, samAnAntara bar3I jIvA CD=b, tathA jIvAoM ke bIca kI dUrI LN=h. jinabhadra dvArA kathita niyama ke anusAra hameM nimna gaNitIya sUtra prApta hotA hai vRttIyakhaNDa ABFDCEA kA kSetraphala K=[/Fo+by ]......(1) sUtra (1) apane DhaMga kA anUThA hai joki anyatra dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| vidvAnoM ko abhI taka usakI upapatti kaThina pratIta hotI rahI hai / lekina hama yahA~ usakI eka sarala upapatti deMge jo isa prakAra hai hama jAnate haiM ki upayukta vRttIya khaNDa ke antanihita samalamba caturbhuja (trapezium) ABHDCGA kA sahA kSetraphala hogA T= = (a+b)h......(2) yadyapi jinabhadra ne vattIya khaNDa ke sandarbha meM sUtra (2) kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai (bRhatkSetrasamAsa, a0 1, gA0 64), kintu usakA upayoga nahIM kiyA, kyoMki ve jAnate the ki sUtra (2) kA upayoga karane para hameM vRttIyakhaNDa ke vAstavika kSetraphala se kahIM nyUna phala milegaa| ataH ve eka aise sUtra kI khoja meM the jo sUtra (2) me adhika phala de / aura sUtra (1) aisA hI hai kyoMki (40)(a +87)-(a) arthAt (GH) = (a+6)-( ....... (3) lekina prazna yaha uThA hogA ki kyA sUtra (1) vAstavika kSetraphala se bhI adhika phala nahIM detA ? isakA vivecana isa prakAra hai| kisI bhI vRtta meM usakI eka jIvA (chord, c) tathA usake bANa (height of the segment, g) meM yaha prAcIna sUtra sarvavidita thA - ___4g (2R-g)=C.......(4) yahA~ vRtta kI trijyA (radius) kA mAna hai| yaha sUtra (4) jinabhadra ko bhI jJAta thA (bahatkSetramamAsa, a0 1, gAthA jana prAcya vidyAe~
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________________ 36) / isI sUtra (4) kA upayoga karake upayukta do jIvAoM (AB tathA CD) ke ThIka bIcoMbIca kI jIbA E F (joki madhyAntara LN ke madhyabindu M se hokara jAyagI) kI lambAI saralatA se prApta kI jA sakatI hai| hama pAyeMge ki (E F) = (a+64)+-hi......(5) abacitra saMsA spaSTa patAta hotA hai ki vAMchita kSetraphala nikAlane ke lie yadi hama sahI ausata lambAI (effective average length) kI jagaha jIvA GH lete haiM to phala vAstavika phala se nyUna AyegA, aura yadi jIvA EF lete haiM to phala adhika AyegA / ata: GH aura EF kI lambAiyoM ke bIca kA mAna (intermediate value) lenA ucita hogaa| sUtra (3) aura (5) ko dhyAna se dekhane para eka aisA hI mAna hogA (a+be) jisako caur3AI yA U~cAI se guNA karane para jinabhadra kA sUtra (1) prApta ho jAtA hai aura sAtha meM unakI gaNitIya pratibhA kA paricaya bhii| karaNAnayoga ke viSayoM yathA loka-aloka ke vibhAga, yugoM ke parivartana tathA cAroM gatiyoM ke vivecana meM | jainAcAryoM ne gaNita kA vizeSarUpa se prayoga kiyA hai / dharmagrantha dhavalA, tiloyapaNNatti. rAjavArtika evaM trilokasAra ityAdi meM kitanI UMcI zreNI kA gaNita prayukta huA hai, isakI saMkSipta jAnakArI zra tadevatA bhagavata bhUtabali (I066-156) dvArA praNIta dhavalA meM saMkhyA kI apekSA dravya-pramANa-nirdeza ke eka udAharaNa se hI sahaja rUpa meM mila jAtI hai (dha. 5/pra./22) 1. eka 2. dasa 3. zata 4. sahasra 5. dasa sahasra 6. zata sahasra 7. dasazata sahasra 1 | 16. nirabbuda 10 / 17. ahaha 18. ababa 1000 | 16. aTaTa 10,000 / 20. sogandhika 100,000 21. uppala 1,000,000 22. kumuda 10,000,000 23. puNDarIka 24. paduma 25. kathAna (10,000,000) | 26. mahAkathAna (10,000,000) 27. asaMkhyeya (10,000,000) 28. paNaTThI (10,000,000 | 29. bAdAla (10,000,000) 30. ekaTThI (10,000,000) (10,000,000)" (10,000,000)" (10,000,000)2 (10,000,000)" (10,000,000)" (10,000,000)5 (10,000,000)" (10,000,000)" (10,000,000) (10,000,000) (10,000,000) =(256) =65536 =paNaTThI -bAdAla 6. pakoTi 10. koTippakoTi 11. nahuta 12. ninnahuta 13. akhobhinI 14. bindu 15. abbada (zrI jinendra varNI-racita jainandra siddhAnta-koSa, bhAga 2, pa0 214 ke AdhAra se REFERENCES (saMdarbha-grantha) Jincratickes (tinararanakoza:) Vol. I, b, H. D. Friankar. B.O. R. I., Poona, 1944. New Catalogus Catalogorum, Vols. 5 and 7. University of Madras, 1969, 1973, 3. Census of the Exact Sciences in Sanskrit, Series A, Vol. 3, by D. Pingree, Philadelphia, 1976. 4. "Hindu Geometry" by B. Datta and A. N. Singh (revised by K. S. Shukla), Indian J. Hist. Science. Vol. 15 (1980), pp. 161-162. AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha