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________________ jainavidyA ke adhyayana kI takanIka jaina vidyA eka vyApaka zabda hai isameM na kevala jaina dharma aura darzana kA samAveza hotA hai, apitu jaina itihAsa, kalA, purAtattva, sAhitya, samAja aura saMskRti sabhI kucha samAhita hai| Aja jaina vidyA ke adhyayana kI AvazyakatA tathA usake mUlya aura mahattva ko samajhane ke lie hameM ina sabhI kSetroM meM jainoM ke avadAna kA Akalana karanA hogaa| yaha satya hai ki jaina samAja bhAratIya samAja aura saMskRti kA eka choTA sA aMga hai| Aja jainoM kI janasaMkhyA bhArata kI janasaMkhyA ke eka pratizata se adhika nahIM hai, kintu inakA avadAna vipula hai| yadi hama janasaMkhyA ke anupAta meM jainoM ke bhAratIya saMskRti meM avadAna kA mUlyAMkana karate haiM to hama Azcaryacakita raha jAte haiN| Aja bhAratIya saMskRti ke pratyeka kSetra meM cAhe vaha purA sampadA kA ho yA sAhitya kA ho, cAhe zikSA aura samAja sevA kA ho, unakA avadAna tIsa pratizata se adhika hI hai| eka pratizata janasaMkhyA kA avadAna yadi tIsa pratizata se adhika ho to yaha usa samAja ke lie kama gaurava kI bAta nahIM hai| bhAratIya saMskRti ke itihAsa meM AdikAla se hI hama nivRttimArgI zramaNa-paramparA aura pravRttimArgI vaidika-paramparA kA astitva sAtha-sAtha hI dekhate haiN| mAtra yahI nahIM bhAratIya itihAsa kI ina donoM dhArAoM ne eka dUsare ko prabhAvita bhI kiyA hai| Aja hama jisa bRhada hindU samAja aura saMskRti ko dekhate haiM vaha kevala vaidika dhArA kI pariNati nahIM hai apitu vaidika aura zramaNa donoM dhArAoM kA samanvita rUpa hai| bhAratIya vAGmaya meM Rgveda prAcInatama hai, usameM bhAratIya saMskRti kI ina donoM dhArAoM kA Arhat aura bArhat ke rUpa meM ullekha upalabdha hai|Rgved na kevala vrAtyoM, zramaNoM evaM ArhatoM kI upasthiti kA saMketa karatA hai, apitu usameM RSabha, ajita, ariSTanemi, jinheM jaina-paramparA apane tIrthakara ke rUpa meM mAnya karatI hai, ke ullekha bhI haiN| dhyAna aura yoga kI isa zramaNa dhArA ke astitva ke saMketa to bhAratIya itihAsa meM vaidikoM ke bhI pUrva hai| mohanajodar3o aura har3appA ke utkhanana se jisa prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti kI jAnakArI hameM upalabdha hotI hai usase bhI yahI siddha hotA hai ki vaidika saMskRti ke Agamana se pUrva bhI bhArata meM eka ucca AdhyAtmika saMskRti apanA astitva rakhatI thii| usa utkhanana meM dhyAnastha yogiyoM kI sIleM Adi milanA yahI siddha karatA hai ki
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________________ vaha saMskRti tapa, yoga aura dhyAna pradhAna usa vrAtya saMskRti se bhinna nahIM thI jisakA ullekha Rgveda meM hai| yaha saMskRti na kevala jaina aura bauddha zramaNa paramparAoM kI apit sAMkhya-yoga aura zaivadhArA kI bhI pUrvaja hai| bhAratIya saMskRti kI aupaniSadika dhArA meM vaidika karmakANDoM ke prati jisa upekSAvRtti kA vikAsa huA aura tapa, tyAga, dhyAna, saMnyAsa, samAdhi aura mukti kI avadhAraNAeM astitva meM AyIM, ve sabhI isI nivRttimArgI zramaNa dhArA ke prabhAva kA pariNAma hai| vastuta: upaniSad zramaNa aura vaidika dhArA ke samanvaya yA saMgama ke paricAyaka haiN| yaha sAmAnya rUpa se zramaNa paramparA aura vizeSa rUpa se nigraMtha paramparA kI AdhyAtmika dRSTi kA hI pariNAma thA ki mahAbhArata Adi meM vaidika karmakANDoM kI navIna AdhyAtmika dRSTi se sampanna paribhASAeM prastuta kI gaIM, jahA~ yajJa kA artha pazubali na hokara svahitoM kI bali yA samAja sevA ho gyaa| uttarAdhyayana ke samAna gItA aura mahAbhArata meM yajJoM aura karmakANDoM kI jo AdhyAtmika paribhASAeM dI gaI haiM, ve usI zramaNa yA jaina dhArA kI hI prabhAva haiN| hameM mahAvIra aura buddha ke pUrva bhI aupaniSadika RSiyoM ke ye vacana ki ye yajJa rUpI naukAeM adRr3ha haiM, ye hamAre AtmavikAsa me sakSama nahIM hai, zUnya meM se udbhUta nahIM hue haiN| usake pIche isI nivRtimArgI zramaNa paramparA kA pRSThabala hai| isI prakAra upaniSadoM meM janaka kA yaha kathana ki isake pUrva jisa adhyAtma vidyA para kSatriyoM kA adhikAra thA, Aja prathama bAra brAhmaNoM ko dI jA rahI hai- isa bAta kA sUcaka hai ki kSatriya adhyAtma pradhAna saMskRti ke upAsaka the| buddha aura mahAvIra kA kSatriya kula meM utpanna hokara AdhyAtmika sAdhanA hetu apane rAjasI vaibhava kA tyAga kara denA isa tathya kA spaSTa pramANa hai ki upaniSadoM ke pUrva bhI koI adhyAtmavAdI saMskRti astitva meM thI jisase prabhAvita hokara unhoMne gRhatyAga kiyA thaa| zramaNoM kA aura vizeSa rUpa se jainoM kA jo sabase mahattvapUrNa avadAna bhAratIya samAja ko hai vaha yaha ki unhoMne na kevala karmakANDa aura purohitavAda se bhAratIya samAja ko mukta kiyA apitu janmanA jAtivAda kA prabala virodha karake dalita varga ke utthAna kA mArga bhI prazasta kiyaa| unhoMne eka aura bhAratIya samAja ko purohita varga ke dvArA kiye jAne vAle karmakANDarUpI dhArmika zoSaNa se mukta kiyA, vahIM dUsarI ora eka aise dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA jo jana-jana kA dharma thA aura karmakANDoM kI apekSA naitika sadgaNoM para adhiSThita thaa| sabhI jAti aura varga ke lie usake dvAra samAna rUpa se khule hue the| usameM cANDAla kula meM utpatra harikezIbala aura brAhmaNa kula meM utpanna gaNadhara gautama donoM hI samAna rUpa se Adara ke pAtra the| vastuta: jaina dharma ne vaidika dhArA kI una vikRtiyoM kA jo karmakANDa, purohitavAda, jAtivAda aura nimna varga ke dhArmika zoSaNa ke rUpa meM ubhara rahI thI, khulakara virodha kiyA, kintu unakA yaha virodha bhAratIya saMskRti ke pariSkAra ke lie hI thaa| jainoM ne bhAratIya saMskRti meM A rahI vikRtiyoM kA parizodhana kara unheM svastha banAne meM eka cikitsaka kA dAyitva nibhAyA hai| adhyAtma kA jo svara aupaniSadika RSiyoM ne mukharita kiyA thA, jainoM
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________________ 69 ne usI ko yathArtha ke dharAtala para avatarita kiyA hai| unakA yaha avadAna usa yuga meM to prAsaMgika thA hI, kintu Aja bhI jaba jAtivAda, vargavAda aura dhArmika andhavizvAsarUpI ajagara bhAratIya saMskRti ko nigalane hetu apanA muMha phailAye khar3e haiM, aura bhI adhika prAsaMgika hai| Aja vidvAnoM se yaha apekSA hai ki ve tulanAtmaka adhyayana se isa tathya ko spaSTa kareM ki vaidika aura zramaNa dhArAoM kA pArasparika avadAna kitanA hai| jahA~ prArambha meM zramaNadhArA ne vaidikoM ko prabhAvita kiyA aura unameM tapa, tyAga aura AdhyAtma kA bIja vapita kara aupaniSadika dhArA kA vikAsa kiyA, vahI paravartI kAla meM usI aupaniSadika dhArA se vikasita bRhad hindU paramparA se prabhAvita bhI hue haiN| zramaNoM meM vizeSa rUpa se jaina paramparA meM pUjA aura upAsanA meM jisa karmakANDa kA vikAsa huA vaha usapara bRhad hindU paramparA kA prabhAva hai| jaina devamaNDala meM yakSa-yakSI ke rUpa meM aneka hindU devI-devatA sammilita kiye gye| kAlI, mahAkAlI, gaurI, gandhArI, jvAlAmAlinI, ambikA, cakrezvarI Adi deviyA~ zAsanarakSikA ke rUpa meM svIkAra kara lI giiN| zrutadevatA ke rUpa meM sarasvatI aura sampatti pradAtA ke rUpa meM lakSmI (zrIdevI) ko jainoM ne Aja se do hajAra varSa pUrva hI gRhIta kara liyA thaa| Aja bhArata meM jo sabase prAcIna sarasvatI kI pratimA hai vaha jaina sarasvatI hai| lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM yaha lagabhaga do sahasrAdvi pUrva kI abhilikhita sarasvatI pratimA upalabdha hai| jainoM meM Aja jo pUjA vidhAna upalabdha hai vaha hindU paramparA se AyA hai| usake pUjA mantra thor3e se zAbdika hera-phera ke sAtha yathAvata gRhIta haiN| tantra ke prabhAva se jaina sAdhanA paddhati kitanI prabhAvita huI hai, yaha jAnanA kama rucikara nahIM hai| bhautika upalabdhi ke lie devI upAsanA aura mAraNa, mohana, uccATana jaise SaTkarma jo ahiMsA pradhAna nivRttimAgI paramparA ke pratikUla the, ve saba tantra kI anya sahavartI paramparA ke prabhAva se hI jaina dharma meM praviSTa hae haiN| yahA~ yaha carcA isalie apekSita hai ki jainadharma aura darzana ke adhyayana aura zodha kI samyak dizA tabhI nirdhArita hogI, jaba vibhinna bhAratIya paramparAoM ke AdAna pradAna ko loga smjhegeN| kyoMki koI bhI dharma yA saMskRti zUnya meM janma nahIM letI hai| jaina vidyA kA adhyayana tabhI sArthaka hogA jaba hama hindU, bauddha aura itara paramparAoM se usake antaH sambandhoM ko spaSTa kreNge| yaha satya hai ki pratyeka dharma aura darzana kA svatantra rUpa se adhyayana to vipula mAtrA meM huA hai, kintu inake parasparika antaH sambandhoM ko samajhane ke prayAsa kama hI hue haiN| punaH bhAratIya dharmoM aura darzanoM ke prasaMga meM to isa prakAra ke parasparika prabhAvoM aura antaHsambandhoM ko samajhanA isalie bhI Avazyaka hai ki bhAratIya saMskRti eka sazaliSTa saMskRti hai, usako khaNDa-khaNDa meM vibhAjita karake nahIM samajhA jA sakatA haiN| jaina dhArA ke adhyayana ke lie bauddha aura hindU dhArAoM kA adhyayana apekSita hai|
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________________ 70 jaina AgamoM kI samyak samajha bauddha tripiTaka ke adhyayana ke binA samyak rUpa se nahIM samajhA jA sakatA hai| jisane bauddha tripiTaka ko nahIM par3hA ho vaha RSibhASita ke sAriputra aura vAjjiyaputra yA mahAkazyapa ke upadeza ke hArda ko kaise samajhegA / punaH jisane upaniSadoM ko nahIM par3hA ho usake lie AcArAMga meM pratipAdita AtmA kA svarUpa athavA RSibhASita ke nArada, asitadevala, aruNa, uddAlaka, parAzara, yAjJavalkya Adi ke upadezoM ko samyak rUpa se samajha pAnA kaThina hai| isalie jaina vidyA ke adhyetAoM kA yaha dAyitva hai ki ve jaina vidyA ke apane adhyayana ko ekAMgI nahIM bnaayeN| unheM isa bAta ko gambhIratA se khoja karanI hogI ki jaina dharma para darzana, sAhitya aura kalA ke kSetra meM anya paramparAoM kA kitanA prabhAva hai| unhoMne apanI sahavartI paramparAoM se kitanA liyA hai aura unameM unakA pradAna kyA hai ? bhAratIya saMskRti kI vibhinna dhArAoM ke bIca hue AdAna-pradAna ko spaSTa karanA zodha adhyetAoM prAthamika dAyitva hai| yadyapi jaina, bauddha aura vaidika dhArAoM meM dharma, darzana, kalApakSa Adi ko lekara svatantra adhyayana to aneka hue haiM, kintu tulanAtmaka adhyayana kama hI hue haiM aura jo hue bhI haiM unameM bhI adhikAMza pakSAgraha se pIr3ita haiN| unameM inakI pArasparika prabhAvazIlatA aura antaHsambandhoM ko taTastha aura nirbhIka rUpa se rakhane ke prayatna to atyanta hI virala haiN| udAharaNa ke lie jaina paramparA meM loka puruSa kI kalpanA hai| jaina cintakoM ne use gaharAI se spaSTa bhI kiyA hai, kintu kisI ne yaha nahIM batAyA ki yaha Rgveda kI loka puruSa kI kalpanA athavA bhAgavata kI loka puruSa kI kalpanA se kisa prakAra prabhAvita hai aura kisa prakAra bhinna hai ? punaH yaha avadhAraNA jaina paramparA meM kaba aura kisa grantha meM prathama bAra AI hai ? AgamoM meM graiveyaka deva loka ko grIvA sthAnIya mAnA to gayA phira bhI spaSTa rUpa se loka puruSa kI kalpanA unameM nahIM hai / jabaki jainakalA ke kSetra meM loka puruSa kA yaha aMkana atyanta priya rahA hai| sAhityika srotoM meM loka puruSa kI yaha kalpanA lokaprakAza ke pUrva prAcIna jaina granthoM meM kahIM nahIM milatI hai| isI prakAra svarga, naraka, tiryaka, jambUdvIpa Adi kI kalpanAoM meM jaina, bauddha aura vaidika paramparA meM kahIM samarUpatA aura kahIM vaibhinya bhI hai ataH inakA tulanAtmaka adhyayana apekSita hai| punaH tulanAtmaka adhyayana kA artha itanA hI nahIM hai ki donoM paramparAoM kI mAnyatAoM ko pRthak-pRthak rUpa se prastuta kara diyA jAye apitu adhyetA kA yaha bhI dAyitva hai ki vaha pUrvAgrahoM se mukta hokara unheM aitihAsika krama meM rakhakara yaha spaSTa kare ki kisane kisase liyA hai aura kisa prakAra usameM parivartana kiyA hai| jaina darzana ke granthoM meM tattvArthasUtra kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / usako aura usakI TIkAoM ko lekara aneka adhyayana hue haiM aura zodhagrantha bhI likhe gaye kintu pa0 sukhalAla jI ke eka apavAda ko chor3akara kisI jaina vidvAn ne isa tathya ko ujAgara
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________________ 71 karane kA prayatna hI nahIM kiyA ki tattvArthasUtra kI racanA zailI aura usake sUtroM para vaizeSika sUtra aura yogasUtra kA kitanA prabhAva hai| prAkRta Agama sAhitya kA eka virala kintu mahattvapUrNa grantha hai - Rssibhaassit| isa grantha para sarvaprathama zubriMga kI aura usake pazcAt merI lagabhaga sau pRSThoM kI prastAvanA ko chor3akara kisI ne yaha prayatna nahIM kiyA ki isameM jina paiMtAlIsa RSiyoM ke upadezoM kA pratipAdana hai ve mUlata: kisa paramparA ke haiM / prAkRta bhASA meM nibaddha yaha racanA jaina Agamika paramparA kA grantha hai, kintu isameM jina RSiyoM ke upadeza saMkalita haiM, ve aupaniSadika, bauddha aura anya svatantra zramaNa paramparAoM ke haiN| jaina paramparA meM unake upadezoM kA saMkalana yahI sUcita karatA hai ki bhArata kI AdhyAtmika dhArA kA srota eka hI hai| Aja RSibhASita aura thera gAthA jaise granthoM kA adhyayana anya paramparAoM ke sandarbhoM ke binA sambhava nahIM hai| RSibhAsita meM pratipAdita sAriputra yA mahAkAzyapa ke upadezoM ke lie bauddha tripiTaka kA aura uddAlaka yA yAjJavalkya ke vicAroM ko samajhane ke lie upaniSadoM kA adhyayana apekSita hogaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki binA tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke athavA sahavartI anya dhArAoM ke adhyayana ke jainavidyA ke adhyayana evaM zodha ke kSetra meM eka samagra dRSTi kA vikAsa sambhava nahIM haiN| - jainavidyA ke kSetra meM tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke sAtha pratyeka avadhAraNA ke aitihAsika vikAsakrama ko jAnanA bhI Avazyaka hai / udAharaNa ke rUpa meM jaina AcAra zAstra meM paJcamahAvratoM kA, yogasUtra meM paJcayamoM kA aura bauddha tripiTaka meM paJcazIloM kA ullekha milatA hai| yaha bhI satya hai jahA~ jaina paramparA ke mahAvratoM aura yogasUtra ke paJcayamoM meM nAma aura krama meM ekarUpatA hai, vahA~ bauddha paramparA meM aparigraha ke sthAna surA-meraya madya niSedha hai / ataH tulanAtmaka adhyayana se yaha spaSTa ho jAyegA ki bauddhoM ne isa avadhAraNA meM apane DhaMga se parivartana kiyA hai, kyoMki mahAvIra ke samAna ve aparigraha para itanA bala nahIM dete the / punaH AcArAMga meM triyAma kA aura bhagavatIsUtra meM cAturyAma kA bhI ullekha hai / yaha bhI aitihAsika satya hai ki pArzvanAtha ke cAturyAma dharma meM mahAvIra ne brahmacarya ko jor3akara use pazcayAma yA paJcamahAvratarUpa banAyA / punaH triyAma kA ullekha upaniSadoM meM hai, jisake antargata ahiMsA, satya aura asteya Ate haiM / aupaniSadika RSi patnI aura parigraha rakhate the| pArzva ne usameM aparigraha jor3akara yaha mAnA ki strI bhI parigraha hai ataH parigraha ke tyAga meM strI kA tyAga bhI samAhita hai / kintu jaisA ki sUtrakRtAMga meM ullikhita hai jaba strI kA tyAga karake bhI maithuna se virata rahanA Avazyaka nahIM mAnA gayA to mahAvIra ne brahmacarya aura aparigraha ko alaga alaga karake paJcamahAvrata banAye! punaH mahAvIra ne yama ke sthAna para unheM mahAvrata nAma isalie diyA ki gRhastha ke liye ye hI aNuvratarUpa ghe aNuvrata aura mahAvrata kA vargIkaraNa mahAvIra kA apanA thaa| ata: yogasUtra meM jo mahAvrata zabda AyA hai, vaha
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________________ 72 mahAvIra kI paramparA se gRhIta hai, jaba ki yama zabda pArzva kI paramparA kA hai| isase inake vikAsa kA aitihAsika krama nizcita ho jAtA hai ki kisa prakAra triyAma se cAtaryAma aura cAturyAma se paJcayAma aura paJcamahAvrata vikasita hue| yaha eka prArUpa hai| sabhI avadhAraNAoM ke adhyayana meM isa prakAra ke aitihAsika vikAsakrama ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| isa prakAra ke adhyayana se yaha bhI nizcita ho sakegA ki kauna sI avadhAraNA kisa paramparA se kisane grahIta kI hai| jaina vidyA ke kSetra meM aneka avadhAraNAoM kA vidvAnoM dvArA gambhIra aura talasparzI adhyayana huA hai| kintu unake aitihAsika krama ko na samajha pAne ke kAraNa unhoMne sabhI avadhAraNAoM ko sIdhA mahAvIra yA RSabha se jor3a diyA hai| mAtra itanA hI nahIM, prAcIna stara ke granthoM ko vyAkhyAyita karane hetu bhI unhIM paravartI avadhAraNAoM ko AdhAra banA liyaa| udAharaNa ke lie tattvArthasUtra mUla meM kahIM bhI guNasthAna kA nirdeza nahIM hai, kintu tattvArthasUtra ke sabhI zvetAmbara yA digambara TIkAkAra usake sUtroM kI vyAkhyAoM meM jahA~ bhI sambhava hotA hai isa guNasthAna siddhAnta kA vipula rUpa meM prayoga karate haiN| kintu akAdamIya dRSTi se yaha paddhati ucita nahIM hai kyoMki yaha zabda kI mUlAtmA ko samajhane meM bhrAnti utpanna karatI haiN| kauna sI avadhAraNA kaba vikasita huI isako samajhane kA sarvasulabha tarIkA yaha hai ki usa zabda kA usa artha meM sarvaprathama prayoga kisa grantha meM hai aura usa grantha kA racanA kAla kaba kA hai? guNasthAna zabda kA prayoga mUla AgamoM aura tatvArthasUtra (tIsarI-cauthI zatI) meM kahIM nahIM hai, jabaki chaThI zatI yA usake bAda nirmita Agamika vyAkhyAoM aura tattvArthasUtra kI TIkAoM meM hai isase yaha phalita hotA ki guNasthAna siddhAnta cauthI zatAbdI ke pazcAt aura chaThI zatI ke pUrva arthAt pAMcavI zatI meM astitva meM AyA hai| puna: isa tulanAtmaka aura aitihAsika vikAsakrama meM kisI avadhAraNA ke prakAroM kI saMkhyAoM ke nirdhAraNa ke AdhAra para bhI aneka mahattvapUrNa niSkarSa nikAle jA sakate haiN| jaise tattvArthasUtra meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa ko cAra, sAta aura dasa avasthAoM kA citraNa hai| hama dekhate haiM ki upaniSadoM aura hInayAna sampradAya meM bhI isakI cAra hI avasthAoM kA citraNa hai| yogavaziSTa meM jJAna kI sAta avasthA batAyI gayI hai, jabaki mahAyAna sampradAya meM AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama kI dasa bhUmiyA~ batAI gaI haiN| ata: yaha vicAra sambhava hai ki saMkhyA nirdhAraNa akasmAta nahI hotA hai, vaha bhI anya paramparAoM se prabhAvita ho sakatA hai| ata: adhyayana karate samaya isa saMkhyAtmaka pakSa para bhI dhyAna denA caahie| udAharaNa ke lie SaDAvazyaka, gRhastha ke SaTakarma tathA tantra ke mAraNa Adi SaTkarmoM kI saMkhyA ke nirdhAraNa meM eka dUsare kA prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai| tulanAtmaka samagra adhyayana ke sthAna para ekapakSIya adhyayana kA sabase bar3A doSa yahI hai ki aneka sthitiyoM meM vaha hamArI vyAkhyAoM ko bhrAnta banA detA hai| apanI
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________________ 73 paramparA ke vyAmoha aura anya paramparAoM ke jJAna ke abhAva meM aisI bhrAntiyA~ janma letI haiN| udAharaNa ke lie zIlAMka jaisA AcArAMga kA samartha TIkAkAra triyAma (tajnAmA) kA sahI artha nahIM kara pAyA kyoMki vaha upaniSadoM ke triyAma se paricita nahIM thaa| ve apanI paramparA meM hI triyAma kA artha khojate rhe| isI prakAra rAhula sAMskRtyAyana jaise samartha vidvAn bhI 'savvavAri vArite' zabda kA samyak artha lagAne meM isalie asaphala rahe haiM, kyoMki unhoMne sUtrakRtAMga kI vIra stuti nahIM dekhI thI jisameM vAri zabda pAnI ke artha meM prayukta na hokara pApa ke artha meM prayukta huA hai| na kevala sahavartI anya paramparAoM kA apitu apanI hI paramparA ke AvAntara sampradAyoM ke jJAna kA abhAva bhI aisI hI bhrAntiyA~ utpanna karatA hai| mUlAcAra ke samartha TIkAkAra digambara vidvAn vasanandI dasa kalpoM kI carcA ke prasaMga meM Aye pajjosavaNA zabda kA samyak artha isaliye nahIM samajha sake kyoMki ve uttara bhArata meM zvetAmbara paramparA meM pracalita paryuSaNA kalpa se aparicita the| samayasAra meM Aye 'apadezasuttamajjhaM' kA artha karane meM usake aneka TIkAkAra isalie asamartha rahe ki unheM AcArAGga sUtra meM AtmA ko avyapadeza batAne vAlA prasaMga jJAta nahIM thaa| hamAre hI yuga ke prasiddha jaina vidvAn kailAzacanda jI ne bhagavatIArAdhanA meM Aye hae uvaNAriyo zabda ko isalie aspaSTa kahakara chor3a diyA kyoMki ve zvetAmbara paramparA meM pracalita sthAnAcArya kI avadhAraNA se aparicita the| ye to maine kucha saMketa diye haiM, aisI aneka bhrAntiyA~ ekapakSIya adhyayana praNAlI ke kAraNa janma letI haiN| ata: yathAsambhava hameM apane adhyayana bahu AyAmI yA samagra banAne kA prayatna karanA caahiye| isI prakAra jainavidyA kA jo dArzanika pakSa hai, usakA bhI tulanAtmaka dRSTi se adhyayana apekSita hai| binA anya darzanoM kI mAnyatAoM kA adhyayana kiye darzana ke kSetra meM jainoM ke avadAna ko nahIM samajhA jA sakatA hai| darzana ke kSetra meM jainoM kA sabase mahattvapUrNa avadAna yaha hai ki unhoMne na kevala paraspara eka dUsare ke virodha meM khar3I huI dArzanika avadhAraNA kI kamiyoM kI samIkSA kI apitu unako eka dUsare se samanvita kara darzana ke kSetra meM eka samagratAvAdI adhyayana vidhA ko vikasita kiyaa| unhoMne yaha batAyA ki paraspara eka dUsare ke virodha meM khar3I huI dArzanika mAnyatAoM ko samanvita karake samagra satya kA darzana kiyA jA sakatA hai| darzana ke kSetra meM jaina aura bauddha donoM paramparAoM ne aikAntika mAnyatA kI samIkSA kI aura unase mukta hone kI salAha dI kintu jaina paramparA ne usase eka kadama Age bar3hakara yaha kahA ki sabhI darzana AMzika yA sApekSika satya ko prastuta karate haiM, ata: unameM yaha satya hai aura yaha asatya hai aisA bheda nahIM kiyA jAnA caahie| asatya kA janma no Agraha yA matAndhatA kI goda meM hotA hai| yadi hameM, sampUrNa satya kA darzana karanA hai to yaha samagra dRSTi se hI sambhava hai| yaha siddhasena aura haribhadra jaise dArzanikoM kI dRSTi thI jisane pratipakSa meM nihita satya ko dekhane kA prayatna kiyA aura darzanoM ke madhya jo virodha thA, usakA samAhAra kiyaa| yahAM merA uddezya vidvAnoM ko jaina darzana
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________________ 74 ke anekAntavAda kA paricaya denA nahIM hai, kevala yaha dikhAnA hai ki jainoM kI samagratAvAdI dRSTi ne kisa prakAra nityavAda-anityavAda, dvaitavAda-advaitavAda, sAmAnyavAda-vizeSavAda Adi paraspara virodhI dArzanika mAnyatAoM ko samanvita kara samagra satya kI udbhAvanA kii| yaha samagratAvAdI adhyayana dRSTi hI hai jo pratispardhI darzanoM ke madhya nihita satyatA kA digdarzana karA sakatI hai| ata: usake vikAsa ke lie anya dArzanika dhArAoM kA matAgrahoM se pare uThakara taTastha adhyayana Avazyaka hai| jainAcAryoM kA spaSTa udghoSa hai ki satya ke sUrya kA darzana kevala anAgrahI, vyApaka evaM samagratAvAdI bahuAyAmI dRSTi se hI sambhava hai| matAndhatA yA Agraha kA cazmA use samajhane meM bAdhaka hai| anta meM sAhitya aura kalA ke kSetra meM jainoM ke avadAna aura unake adhyayana kI AvazyakatA kA saMketa karake apanI bAta ko samApta karanA caahuuNgaa| prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya ke kSetra meM jainoM kA avadAna lagabhaga 30% se adhika hI hai| jainAcAryoM ne saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, tamila, kanar3a, maru-gurjara, Adhunika hindI aura gujarAtI bhASAoM meM vipula sAhitya kA sarjana kiyA hai| puna: yaha jo sAhitya hai vaha bhI baha AyAmI hai| dharma, darzana, AcAra, upadeza, kathA, sRSTi vijJAna, khagola, bhUgola, jyotiSa, nimittazAstra, cikitsA, lalita kalAe~, kAvya, nATaka, chandazAstra, vyAkaraNa zAstra Adi aneka vidhAoM para jaina AcAryoM ne apanI lekhanI calAI hai| abhI taka to inakA sampUrNa sUcIkaraNa bhI nahIM ho pAyA hai| eka moTe anumAna se sampUrNa jaina granthoM kI saMkhyA lagabhaga tIsa-cAlIsa hajAra se kama nahIM hogii| abhI to paTkhaNDAgama, kasAyapAhaDa jaise saikar3oM durlabha grantha bhaNDAroM meM par3e hue apane uddhAra kI pratIkSA meM haiN| ina sabake sampAdana, anuvAda, vyAkhyA aura prakAzana meM jaina vidyA ke vidvAnoM kI aneka pIr3hiyA~ khapa jaayegii| yahI sthiti jaina kalA, purAvazeSoM aura abhilekhoM kI bhI hai| vizva ke purAtana kalA vaibhava ke kSetra meM bhI jainoM kA avadAna kama nahIM hai| zravaNabelagolA, jinakAJcI, dharmasthala, devagar3ha, mathurA, khajurAho, AbU, rANakapura, tAraGgA, osiyA, jaisalamera jaise saikar3oM jaina sthala haiM jo apane kalApUrNa vaibhava ke lie ke vizva meM prakhyAta hai, kintu abhI to causA, mathurA, devagar3ha ke samAna vipula sAmagrI bhUgarbha meM dabI par3I hai, saMyoga se jo sAmagrI hameM mila jAtI hai use chor3a deM to abhI aneka aise jaina sthala haiM, jinakA vaijJAnika DhaMga se utkhanana Avazyaka hai| jo sAmagrI upalabdha hai usake bhI samyak adhyayana kA kitanA prayatna huA hai aura kitanA abhI zeSa hai, ise sabhI vidvAn acchI taraha jAnate haiN| mathurA ke kaMkAlI Tole evaM anyatra se prApta lagabhaga eka sahastra purAvazeSa aura mUrtiyA~ kevala lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM haiM, jo jaina dharma ke sampradAyoM ke vikAsa evaM jaina kalA ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se atyanta mahattva ke haiM, kintu isa dRSTi unakA svalpa adhyayana hI huA hai| isI prakAra mathurA se prApta do sau ke lagabhaga jaina abhilekha
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________________ 75 haiM jo usake sampradAyoM ke vikAsakrama aura tatkAlIna sAmAjika sthiti ko samajhane meM atyanta sahAyaka haiM, kintu isa dRSTi se inakA adhyayana kisane kiyA hai? ye to maine kucha saMketa sUtra diye haiM, abhI to jainavidyA ke kSetra meM bahuta kucha karaNIya hai, jisa para na kevala vistRta carcA apekSita hai, apitu usa dizA meM kucha kadama bhI uThAne hoMge, jisake lie zAsana, samAja aura vidvAnoM kI sakriya bhAgIdArI Avazyaka hai|