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________________ jaina purANoM meM varNita prAcIna bhAratIya AbhUSaNa DaoN. devIprasAda mizra purANa bhAratIya sAMskRtika itihAsa ke ajasra srota haiM / vastutaH purANoM ko "bhAratIya saMskRti ke vizvakoza" kI saMjJA dI jA sakatI hai| purANa sAhitya bhAratIya saMskRti ko vaidika aura jaina dhArAoM meM samAna rUpa se upalabdha hotA hai / " itihAsa purANAbhyAM vedaM samupabRhyet" kI preraNA se jahA~ vaidika paramparAoM meM aSTAdaza tathA aneka upapurANoM kI racanA huI, vahIM jaina paramparA meM tirasaTha zalAkA mahApuruSoM ke jIvana carita ko AdhAra banAkara aneka purANa likhe gaye / jaina purANoM kI racanA prAkRta, apabhraMza, saMskRta tathA vibhinna prAdezika bhASAoM meM huI hai / aSTAdaza purANoM kI taraha yahA~ purANoM kI saMkhyA sImita nahIM kI gaI hai / isa kAraNa zatAdhika saMkhyA meM jaina purANa likhe gaye / jaina purANakAroM ne prAyaH kisI eka yA adhika zalAkA-puruSoM ke caritra ko AdhAra banAkara apane grantha kI racanA kI, sAtha hI unhoMne pAramparika purANoM kI taraha bhArata ke sAMskRtika itihAsa kI bahumUlya sAmagrI ko apane granthoM meM nibaddha kiyA hai / isa dRSTi se jaina purANa bhAratIya saMskRti kI amUlya nidhi haiM / jainapurANoM ke udbhava evaM vikAsa meM tatkAlIna rAjanaitika, sAmAjika, sAMskRtika evaM dhArmika paristhitiyA~ kriyAzIla thIM / pAramparika purANoM ke AdhAra para jainiyoM ne rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata ke pAtroM evaM kathAoM se apane purANoM kI racanA kI aura usameM jaina siddhAntoM, dhArmika evaM dArzanika tattvoM tathA vidhiyoM kA samAveza kiyA hai / jainapurANoM kA racanAkAla jJAta hai / ye grantha chaThI zatI I. se aTThArahavIM zatI I. taka vibhinna bhASAoM meM likhe gaye / prArambhika evaM AdhArabhUta jainapurANoM kA . samaya sAtavIM zatI I. se dazavIM zatI I. ke madhya hai / saMskRta meM viracita jainapurANoM meM adholikhita AbhUSaNoM ke bAre meM sAkSya milate haiM / AbhUSaNa dhAraNa karanA bhI vastra ke samAna samRddhi evaM sukhI jIvana kA paricAyaka hai / isake atirikta vastrAbhUSaNa se saMskRti bhI prabhAvita hotI hai / sikadAra parisaMvAda- 4
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________________ 129 jainapurANoM meM varNita prAcIna bhAratIya AbhUSaNa ke anusAra vastra nirmANa kalA ke AviSkAra ke sAtha-sAtha AbhUSaNa kA bhI prayoga bhAratIya sabhyatA ke vikAsa ke sAtha prArambha huA / ' jainapurANoM meM zArIrika saundarya 4 abhivRddhi ke lie AbhUSaNa kI upAdeyatA pratipAdita kI gaI hai / mahApurANa meM ullikhita hai ki kulavatI nAriyA~ alaMkAra dhAraNa karatI thI, kintu vidhavA striyA~ AbhUSaNoM kA parityAga kara detI thIM / isI grantha meM AbhUSaNa se alaMkRta hone ke lie alaMkAra-gRha aura zrIgRha" kA varNana hai / mahApurANa meM hI varNita hai ki nUpura, bAjUbanda, rucika, aMgada (ananta), karadhanI, hAra evaM mukuTAdi AbhUSaNa bhUSaNAGga nAma ke kalpavRkSa dvArA upalabdha hote the / prAcInakAla meM AbhUSaNa evaM prasAdhanasAmagrI vRkSoM se prApta hone ke ullekha milate haiM / zakuntalA kI vidAI ke zubhAvasara para vRkSoM ne usake lie vastra, AbhUSaNa evaM prasAdhana sAmagrI pradAna kI thI / AbhUSaNa banAne ke upAdAna jainapurANoM meM ApAdamastaka AbhUSaNoM ke ullekha evaM vivaraNa prApta hote haiM / yaha vivaraNa pAramparika varNaka, samasAmayika tathA kAlpanika tInoM prakAra kA hai / jaina purANoM meM varNita hai ki AbhUSaNa kA nirmANa maNiyoM, svarNa, rajata Adi se hotA thA / mahApurANa meM ullikhita hai ki agni meM svarNa ko tapAkara zuddha kiyA jAtA thA aura isase AbhUSaNa ko banAte the / ' ratnajaTita svarNAbhUSaNa ko ratnAbhUSaNa kahate haiM / samudra meM mahAmaNi ke bar3hane kA bhI ullekha milatA hai / " jainapurANoM meM vibhinna prakAra yoM kA varNana hai jo nimnalikhita haiM- candrakAntamaNi, sUryakAntamaNi, ' 11 17 1 vajra ( hIrA ) 16, indramaNi ' ( halke gahare nIle raMga kI tathA gomukha maNi, muktA", sphaTika 12 hIrA, vaidUryamaNi, kaustubhamaNi 4, motI (indranIla maNi) isake do bheda hote haiM- mahAindramaNi indranIlamaNi ( halke nIle raMga kI ); pravAla 13 18 , 1. je. sI. sikadAra -sTaDIja ina da bhagavatI sUtra, mujaphpharapura 1964, pR. 241 / 3. vahI, 68 / 225 / 6. mahA, 9 / 41 / 9. vahI, 63 / 415 / 12. vahI, 2 / 10 / 15. vahI, 210, mahA 68 / 676 / 2. mahA, 62 / 29 / 5. vahI, 63 / 458 / 8. mahA, 61 / 124 / 11. vahI, 28 / 14. vahI, 62 / 54 // T 4. vahI, 63 // 461 / 7. abhijJAnazAkuntala, 4 / 5 / 10. harivaMza, 27 / 13. vahI, 2 / 10 / 16. padma, 80 75, mahA 35 / 42 / 17. mahA, 58 / 86, padma, 80 / 75, harivaMza, 772 / 18. harivaMza, 2054 / 19. mahA, 12144, 35 / 234 / 20. vahI, 14 / 14 / 21. vahI, 7 / 231, 15 / 81; harivaMza, 7 73 / parisaMvAda 4
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________________ 130 jainavidyA evaM prAkRta : antarazAstrIya adhyayana 25 padmarAga maNi 22, marakatamaNi, padmarAgamaNi 24, jAtaJjana ra 5 ( kRSNamaNi), (kAlamaNi), haima 7 (pItamaNi) Adi AbhUSaNa banAne ke lie ukta maNiyoM kA prayoga karate the / AbhUSaNoM ke prakAra evaM svarUpa nara-nArI donoM hI AbhUSaNa- premI hote the / inake AbhUSaNoM meM prAyaH sAmyatA hai / kuNDala, hAra, aMgada, valaya, mudrikAdi AbhUSaNa strI-puruSa donoM hI dhAraNa karate the / zikhAmaNi, kirITa evaM mukuTa puruSoM ke pramukha AbhUSaNa the / zarIra ke aMgAnusAra pRthak-pRthak AbhUSaNa dhAraNa kiyA karate the / inakA vistRta vivaraNa nimna prakAra hai 1 (a) zirobhUSaNa - sira ko vibhUSita karane vAle AbharaNoM meM pramukha mukuTa, kirITa, sImantakamaNi, chatra, zekhara, cUNAmaNi, paTTa Adi haiM / mahApurANa ke anusAra sindUra se tilaka bhI lagAte the / 28 6 1. kirITa - cakravartI evaM bar3e samrAT hI isako dhAraNa karate the / isakA nirmANa svarNa se hotA thA / yaha prabhAvazAlI samrAToM kI mahattA kA sUcaka thA / 0 2. kiroTI - mahApurANa meM isakA varNana hai / svarNa aura maNiyoM dvArA kirITI nirmita hotI thI / kirITa se yaha choTA hotA thA / strI-puruSa donoM hI isako dhAraNa karate the / 3. cUr3AmaNi 31 - padmapurANa meM cUr3AmaNi ke lie mUrdhniratna kA prayoga milatA hai / rAjAoM evaM sAmantoM dvArA isakA prayoga kiyA jAtA thA / cUr3AmaNi ke madhya meM maNi kA honA anivArya thA / mahApurANa meM cUr3AmaNi ke sAtha cUr3Aratna bhI vyavahRta huA hai / ina donoM meM alaMkaraNa kI dRSTi se sAmyatA thI kintu bheda mAtra 27. vahI, 772 / 28. mahA, 68 / 205 / 22. vahI, 13 / 154, padma, 80 / 75 / 24. vahI, 13 136, vahI 29 / 26. harivaMza, 772 / 29. vahI, 68 650; 11 / 133, padma, 118 / 47 tulanIya - raghuvaMza, 10 / 75 / 30. vahI, 3 / 78 / 31. padma, 36 / 7; mahA 1 / 44, 494, 1418, harivaMza, 11 / 13 / 32. vahI, 71 / 65 / 33. mahA, 29 / 167; tulanIya kumArasambhava, 6 / 81 raghuvaMza 17 28 / parisaMvAda-4 23. vahI, 13 / 138; harivaMza 2110 / 25. harivaMza, 77 /
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________________ jainapurANoM meM varNita prAcIna bhAratIya AbhUSaNa 131 nAma kA hai| sAdhAraNatayA donoM zabda paryAyavAcI haiN| yaha sira meM pahanane kA gahanA thaa| 4. mukuTa 2 4.-rAjA aura sAmanta donoM ke hI sira kA AbhUSaNa thaa| kirITa kI apekSA isakA mUlya kama hotA thaa| tIrthaMkaroM ke mukuTa dhAraNa karane kA ullekha jainagranthoM meM milatA hai| rAjAoM ke paMca cihnoM meM se yaha bhI thaa| niHsaMdeha hI mukuTa kA prAcInakAla meM mahattva atyadhika thaa| vizeSataH isakA pracalana rAjaparivAroM meM thaa| 5. mauli."--DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ke anusAra kezoM ke Upara ke gola svarNapaTTa ko mauli kahate haiM / 36 ratna-kiraNoM se jagamagAne vAle, svarNasUtra meM pariveSTita evaM mAlAoM se yukta mauli kA ullekha padmapurANa meM upalabdha hai| kirITa se isakA sthAna nIcA pratIta hotA hai, kintu sira ke alaMkAroM meM isakA mahattvapUrNa sthAna thaa| 6. sImAntaka maNi striyA~ apanI mA~ga meM isako dhAraNa karatI thiiN| Aja bhI isakA pracalana mA~ga-TIkA ke nAma se hai| 7. uttaMsa38 -kirITa evaM mukuTa se bhI yaha uttama koTi kA hotA thaa| tIrthakara isako dhAraNa kiyA karate the| sabhI prakAra ke mukuToM se isameM sundaratA adhika hotI thii| isakA prayoga vizeSataH dhArmika netA hI karate the / isakA AkAra kirITa evaM mukuTa se laghu hotA thA, parantu mUlya inase adhika hotA thA / 8. kuntalI31-kirITa ke sAtha hI isakA ullekha milatA hai / isase jJAta hotA hai ki kuntalI AkAra meM kirITa se bar3I hotI thii| kalagI ke rUpa meM isako keza meM lagAte the| kirITa ke sAtha hI isako bhI dhAraNa kiyA jAtA thaa| isakA prayoga strI-puruSa donoM hI kiyA karate the| janasAdhAraNa meM isakA pracalana nahIM thaa| isake dhAraNa karane vAloM ke vyaktitva meM kaI gunI vRddhi ho jAtI thI / apanI samRddhi evaM prabhutA ke pradarzanArtha striyA~ isako dhAraNa karatI thiiN| 34. vahI, 391, 3 / 130, 5 / 4; 9 / 41, 10 / 126; padma, 85 / 107, harivaMza, 41 / 36 tulanIya-raghuvaMza, 9 / 13 / 35. padma, 7117, 11 // 327; mahA, 9 / 189; tulanIya-raghuvaMza, 13 / 59 / 36. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla-harSacarita : eka sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR. 219 / 37. padma, 870 / 38. mahA, 1417 / 39. vahI, 3178 / parisaMvAda-4
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________________ 132 jainavidyA evaM prAkRta : antarazAstrIya adhyayana 9. paTTa4 . -bRhatsaMhitA41 meM barAhamihira ne paTTa kA svarNa-nirmita honA ullekha kiyA hai| isI sthala para isake nimnalikhita pA~ca prakAroM kA bhI varNana hai1. rAjapaTTa (tIna zikhAe~), 2. mahiSIpaTTa (tIna zikhAe~), 3. yuvarAjapaTTa (tIna zikhAe~), 4. senApatipaTTa (eka zikhA), 5. prasAdapaTTa (zikhA vihiin)| zikhA se tAtparya kalagI se hai| isa prakAra spaSTa hotA hai ki yaha svarNa kA hI hotA thA aura pagar3I ke Upara isako bA~dhA jAtA thA 42 | Ajakala bhI vivAha ke zubhAvasaroM para pagar3I ke Upara paTTa (kalagI) bA~dhate haiN| (ba) karNAbhUSaNa-kAnoM meM AbhUSaNa dhAraNa karane kA pracalana prAcInakAla se calA A rahA hai| strI-puruSa donoM ke hI kAnoM meM chidra hote the aura isako donoM dhAraNa karate the| kuNDala, avataMsa, tAlapatrikA, bAliyA~ Adi karNAbhUSaNa meM parigaNita hote haiM / isake lie karNAbhUSaNa evaM karNAbharaNa 44 zabda prayukta haiN| 1. kuNDala 4'-yaha kAnoM meM dhAraNa kiyA jAne vAlA sAmAnya AbhUSaNa thaa| amarakoza ke anusAra kAnoM ko lapeTakara isako dhAraNa karate the 46 / mahApurANa meM varNita hai ki kuNDala kapola taka laTakate the47 / padmapurANa meM ullikhita hai ki zarIra ke mAtra hilane se kuNDala bhI hilane lagatA thA48 / ratna yA maNi jaTita hone ke kAraNa kuNDala ke aneka nAma bheda jaina purANoM meM milate haiM-maNikuNDala, ratnakuNDala, makarAkRtakuNDala, kuNDalI, makarAMkita kuNDala 9 / isakA ullekha samarAiccakahA", yazastilaka, ajantA kI citra-kalA 2 tathA hammIra mahAkAvya meM bhI upalabdha hai| 40. mahA, 16 / 233; 41. bRhatsaMhitA, 48 / 24 / 42. nemicandra zAstrI-AdipurANa meM pratipAdita bhArata, pR0 210 / 43. padma, 3 / 102; 44. vahI, 103 / 94 / 45. padma, 118 / 47; mahA, 3 / 78, 15 / 189, 16 / 33; 33 / 124; 72 / 107, - harivaMza, 7 / 89 / 46. kuNDalam karNaveSTanam |-amrkoss, 2.6.103 / 47. ratnakuNDalayugmena gaNDaparyantacumbinA |-mhaa, 15 / 189 / 48. caMcalo maNikuNDalaH / padma, 71 / 13 / 49. mahA, 3 / 78, 3 / 102, 41177, 163133, 9 / 190; 33 / 124 / 50. samarAiccakahA, 2, pR0 100; 51. yazastilaka, pR0 367 / 52. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla-harSacarita : eka sAMskRtika adhyayana, phalaka 20, citra 78 / 53. dazaratha zarmA-arlI cauhAna DAinesTIja, pR0 263 / parisaMvAda-4
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________________ 133 jainapurANoM meM varNita prAcIna bhAratIya AbhUSaNa 2. avataMsa''-padmapurANa meM ise caMcala (caMcalAvataMsaka) varNita kiyA gayA hai| adhikAMzataH yaha puSpa evaM komala pattoM se nirmita kiyA jAtA thaa| bANa bhaTTa ne harSacarita meM kAna ke do alaMkAra avataMsa (jo prAyaH puSpoM se nirmita kiyA jAtA thA) evaM kuNDala kA ullekha kiyA hai| 3. tAlapatrikA'6-kAna meM dhAraNa karane kA AbhUSaNa hotA thaa| ise puruSa apane eka kAna meM dhAraNa karate the| isako mahAkAnti vAlI vaNita kiyA gayA hai| 4. bAlika-striyA~ apane kAnoM meM bAliyA~ dhAraNa karatI thiiN| sambhavataH ye puSpa-nirmita hotI thiiN| (sa) kaNThAbhUSaNa-strI-puruSa donoM hI kaNThAbharaNa kA prayoga karate the / isake nirmANa meM muktA aura svarNa kA hI prayoga hotA thaa| isase bhAratIya Arthika samRddhi kI sUcanA milatI thI aura yaha bhAratIya svarNakAroM kI zilpa kuzalatA kA bhI paricAyaka thaa| isa prakAra ke AbhUSaNoM meM yaSTi, hAra tathA ratnAvalI . Adi pramukha haiN| 1. yaSTi (maulI)--isa AbhUSaNa ke pA~ca prakAra-1. zIrSaka, 2. upazIrSaka, 3. prakANDa, 4. avaghATaka aura 5. tarala prabandha mahApurANa meM varNita haiM / i. zIrSaka-jisake madhya meM eka sthUla motI hotA hai use zIrSaka kahate haiM / ii. upazIrSaka-jisake madhya meM kramAnusAra bar3hate hue AkAra ke kramazaH tIna motI hote haiM vaha upazIrSaka kahalAtA hai / i. prakANDa-vaha prakANDa kahalAtA hai jisake madhya meM kramAnusAra bar3hate hue AkAra ke kramazaH pA~ca motI lage hoN| iv. avaghATaka-jisake madhya meM eka bar3A maNi lagA ho aura usake donoM ora kramAnusAra ghaTate hue AkAra ke choTe-choTe motI hoM, use avaghATaka kahate haiN|2 / 54. padma, 3 / 3, 71 / 6; tulanIya raghuvaMza, 13 // 49 / 55. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla-vahI, pR0 147 / 56. padma, 71 / 12 / 57. vahI, 871 / 59. mahA, 16 / 52 / 60. mahA, 16 / 52 / 61. mahA, 16153 / 62. mahA, 16153 / 58. mahA, 16 / 47 / parisaMvAda-4
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________________ jainavidyA evaM prAkRta : antarazAstrIya adhyayanai v. taralaprabandha-jisameM sarvatra eka samAna motI lage hue hoM, vaha tarala prabandha kahalAtA hai63 / uparyukta pA~coM prakAra kI yaSTiyoM ke maNimadhyA tathA zuddhA bhedAnusAra do vibheda aura milate haiM / . (ka) maNimadhyA yaSTi--jisake madhya meM maNi prayukta huI ho| use maNimadhyA yaSTi kahate haiN| maNimadhyA yaSTi ko sUtra aura ekAvalI bhI kahate haiN| yadi maNimadhyA yaSTi vibhinna prakAra kI maNiyoM se nirmita kI gaI ho to yaha ratnAvalI kahalAtI hai| jisa maNimadhyA yaSTi ko kisI nizcita pramANa vAle suvarNa, maNimANikya aura motiyoM ke madhya antara dekara gUMthA jAtA hai usako apavartikA kahate haiM / amarakoSa meM motiyoM kI eka hI mAlA ko ekAvalI kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| 6 / sapheda motI ko maNimadhyA ke rUpa meM lagAkara ekAvalI banAne kA ullekha milatA hai / (kha) zuddhA yaSTi-jisa yaSTi ke madhya meM maNi nahIM lagAI jAtI hai, use zuddhA yaSTi kahate haiM / 2. hAra69-mahApurANa ke anusAra hAra lar3iyoM ke samUha ko kahate haiM | hAra meM svaccha ratna kA prayoga karate the aura ye kAntimAn hote the| mAlA bhI hAra kahalAtI hai| muktA-nirmita mAlA muktAhAra kahalAtI thii| hAra motI yA ratna se guMthita kiye jAte the| lar3iyoM kI saMkhyA ke nyUnAdhika hone se hAra ke gyAraha prakAra hote the / 1. indracchanda hAra-jisameM 1008 lar3iyA~ hotI thI, use indracchanda hAra kahate the / yaha hAra sarvotkRSTa hotA thaa| isa hAra ko indra, jinendra deva evaM cakravartI samrAT hI dhAraNa karate the 72 / 63. mahA, 16 / 54 / 64. mahA, 16 / 49 / 65. mahA, 16 / 50-51 / 66. amarakoSa, 2.6, 106 / 67. vahI, 2 / 6 / 155 / 68. mahA, 16149 / 69. padma, 3 / 277, 71 / 2, 85 / 107, 88.31, 103 / 94; mahA, 3 / 27, 3 / 156, 16 / 58, 63 / 434; harivaMza, 787 / 70. hAro yaSTikalApaH syAt / -mahA 16 / 55 / 71. mahA, 16155 / 72. mahA, 16 / 56 / parisaMvAda -4
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________________ jainapurANoM meM varNita prAcIna bhAratIya AbhUSaNa 135 2. vijayacchanda hAra-jisameM 504 lar3iyA~ hotI thIM use vijayacchanda hAra kI saMjJA dI jAtI thii| isa hAra kA prayoga ardhacakravartI aura balabhadra Adi puruSoM dvArA kiyA jAtA thA / saundarya kI dRSTi se yaha mahattvapUrNa hAra hotA thaa| 3. hAra-jisa hAra meM 108 lar3iyA~ hotI thIM, vaha hAra kahalAtA thA / 4. devacchanda hAra-vaha hAra hotA thA, jisameM motiyoM kI 81 lar3iyA~ hotI thiiN| 5. arddhahAra-causaTha lar3iyoM ke samUha vAle hAra ko arddhahAra kI saMjJA dI gaI hai 6 / 6. razmikalApa hAra-isameM 54 lar3iyA~ hotI thI evaM isakI motiyoM se apUrva AbhA niHsarita hotI thii| ataH yaha nAma sArthaka pratIta hotA hai 77 / 7. gucchahAra-battIsa lar3iyoM ke samUha ko gucchahAra kahA gayA hai / 8. nakSatramAlA hAra-sattAisa lar3iyoM vAle mauktika hAra ko nakSatramAlA hAra kahate haiN| isa hAra ke motI azvanI, bharaNI Adi nakSatrAvalI kI zobhA kA upahAsa karate the / isa hAra kI AkRti bhI nakSatramAlA ke sadRza hotI thii| 9. arddhagaccha hAra muktA kI caubIsa lar3iyoM kA hAra arddhaguccha-hAra kahalAtA thA / 10. mANava hAra-isa hAra meM motI kI bIsa lar3iyA~ hotI thiiN|" 11. arddhamANava hAra-vaha hAra arddhamANava kahalAtA thA, jisameM muktA kI dasa lar3iyA~ hotI thIM. 2 / yadi arddhamANava hAra ke madhya meM maNi lagA ho to use phalaka hAra kahate the| ratnajaTita svarNa ke pA~ca phalaka vAlA phalakahAra hI maNisopAna kahalAtA thaa| yadi phalakahAra meM mAtra tIna svarNaphalaka hote the to vaha sopAna hotA thA / 73. mahA, 1657 / 74. mahA, 16 / 58, harivaMza, 789 / 75. mahA, 15 / 58 / 76. mahA, 16 / 58 / 77. mahA, 15159 / 78. mahA, 16 / 59 / 79. mahA, 16160 / 80. mahA, 16 / 61 / 81. viMzatyA mANavAhvayaH |-mhaa, 16 // 61 / 82. bhavenmauktiyaSTInAM tadarddhanArddhamANavaH |-mhaa, 16 / 61 / 83. mahA, 16 / 65-66 / parisaMvAda-4
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________________ jainavidyA evaM prAkRta : antarazAstrIya adhyayana yadi hAra ke ina gyAraha bhedoM meM pratyeka bheda ke sAtha yaSTi ke pA~ca prakArazIrSaka, upazIrSaka, avaghATaka, prakANDa evaM tarala prabandha ko bhI sammilita kara liyA jAya to isake 55 upa-bheda ho jAte haiM / inake nimnAMkita nAma haiM 1. zIrSaka indracchanda, 2. zIrSaka vijayacchanda, 3. zIrSaka hAra, 4. zIrSaka devacchanda, 5. zIrSaka arddhahAra, 6. zIrSaka razmikalApa, 7. zIrSaka guccha, 8. zIrSaka nakSatramAlA, 9. zIrSaka arddhaguccha, 10. zIrSaka mANava, 11. zIrSaka arddhamANava, 12. upa-zIrSaka indracchanda, 13. upazIrSaka vijayacchanda, 14. upa-zIrSaka hAra, 15. upa-zIrSaka guccha, 16. upa-zIrSaka nakSatra mAlA, 17. upa-zIrSaka devacchanda 18. upa-zIrSaka arddhahAra, 19. upa-zIrSaka razmikalApa, 20. upa-zIrSaka arddhaguccha, 21. upa-zIrSaka mANava, 22. upa-zIrSaka arddhamANava, 23. avaghATaka indracchanda, 24. avaghATaka vijayacchanda, 25. avaghATaka hAra, 26. avaghATaka devacchanda, 27. avaghATaka arddhahAra, 28. avaghATaka razmikalApa, 29. avaghATaka guccha, 30. avaghATaka nakSatramAlA, 31. avaghATaka arddha-guccha, 32. avaghATaka mANava, 33. avaghATaka arddhamANava, 34. prakANDaka indracchanda, 35. prakANDaka vijayacchanda, 36. prakANDaka hAra, 37. prakANDaka devacchanda, 38. prakANDaka arddhahAra, 39. prakANDaka razmikalApa, 40. prakANDaka guccha, 41. prakANDaka nakSatramAlA, 42. prakANDaka arddhaguccha, 43. prakANDaka mANavaka, 44. prakANDaka arddhamANava, 45. tarala prabandha indracchanda, 46. tarala prabandha vijayacchanda, 47. tarala prabandha hAra, 48. tarala prabandha devacchanda, 49. tarala prabandha arddhahAra 50. tarala prabandha razmikalApa, 51. tarala prabandha guccha, 52. tarala prabandha nakSatramAlA, 53. tarala prabandha arddhaguccha, 54. tarala prabandha mANava, 55. tarala prabandha arddhamANava4 / DaoN0 nemicandra zAstrI ke anusAra, 1. indracchanda, 2. vijayacchanda, 3. devacchanda, 4. razmikalApa, 5. guccha, 6. nakSatramAlA, 7. arddhaguccha, 8. mANava, 9. arddhamANava, 10 indracchanda mANava, 11. vijayacchanda mANava Adi yaSTi ke gyAraha bheda haiN| inheM zIrSaka, upa-zIrSaka, avaghATaka, prakANDaka tathA tarala prabandha Adi bhedoM meM vibhakta karane para inakI saMkhyA 55 hotI hai: 5 / DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI kA mata saMgata nahIM pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki uparyukta gyAraha kathita bheda yaSTi ke nahIM, balki hAra ke haiN| mahApurANa meM hAra ke gyAraha bheda nimnalikhita haiM-1. indracchanda, 2. vijayacchanda, 84. mahA, 16 / 63-64 / 85. nemicandra zAstrI-AdipurANa meM pratipAdita bhArata, pR0 216 / parisaMvAda 4
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________________ jainapurANoM meM varNita prAcIna bhAratIya AbhUSaNa 3. hAra, 4. devacchanda, 5. arddhahAra, 6. razmikalApa, 7. guccha, 8. nakSatramAlA, 9. arddhaguccha, 10. mANava, 11. arddhamANava.6 / mahApurANa meM varNita hai ki indracchanda Adi hAroM ke madhya meM jaba maNi lagI hotI hai taba unake nAmoM ke sAtha mANava zabda saMyukta ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra inake nAma indracchanda mANava, vijayacchanda mANava, hAramANava, devacchanda mANava Adi ho jAte haiM / uparyukta purANa ke anusAra ye sabhI hAra kI koTi meM Ate haiN| kintu nemicandra zAstrI ne isI indracchanda mANava aura vijayacchanda mANava kI parigaNanA yaSTi ke gyAraha bhedoM ke antargata kI hai| 3. kaNTha ke anya AbhUSaNa gale meM dhAraNa karane vAle anya AbhUSaNoM ke nimnAMkita ullekha jaina-purANoM meM draSTavya haiM-kaNThamAlikA 8 (strI-puruSa donoM dhAraNa karate the), kaNThAbharaNa- 1 (puruSoM kA AbhUSaNa), srak10 (phUla, svarNa, muktA evaM ratna se nirmita), kAJcana sUtra 5 (suvarNa yA ratnayukta), graiveyaka ?, hAralatA' 3, hAravallI' 4, hAravallarI", maNihAra' 6, hATaka 7, muktAhAra 8, kaNThikA 9, kaNThikevAsa . 0 . (lAkha kI banI huI kaNThI hotI thI jisakI parigaNanA nimna koTi meM hotI thI) Adi / (ba) karAbhUSaNa-hAtha meM dhAraNa karane vAle AbhUSaNoM meM aMgada, keyUra, valaya, kaTaka evaM mudrikA Adi pramukha haiN| strI-puruSa donoM hI ina AbhUSaNoM kA prayoga karate the| kevala inameM yahI antara rahatA thA ki puruSa varga ke AbhUSaNa sAde aura strI varga ke AbhUSaNoM meM dhuMgharU Adi lage hote the| 1. aMgada 01-ise bhujAoM para bA~dhA jAtA thaa| isako strI-puruSa donoM bA~dhate the| aMgada ke samAna keyUra kA prayoga jaina-granthoM meM varNita hai| amarakoSakAra ne aMgada aura keyUra ko eka-dUsare kA paryAya mAnA hai| kSIrasvAmI ne keyUra aura aMgada kI vyutpatti karate hue likhA hai ki 'ke bAhUzIrSe yauti keyUram' arthAt jo 86. mahA, 16 / 55-61 / 87. mahA, 16 / 62 / 88. mahA, 6 / 8 / 89. vahI, 15 / 193; harivaMza, 47138 / 90. padma, 3 / 277, 88 / 31 / 91. vahI, 33 / 183, mahA, 29 / 167 / 92. mahA, 29 / 167; harivaMza, 11133 / 93. vahI, 15 / 192 / 94. vahI, 15 / 193 / 95. vahI, 15 / 194 / 96. vahI, 14 / 11 / 97. padma, 100 / 25 / 98. mahA, 15 / 81 / 99. vahI, 9 / 105 / 100. vahI, 1 / 69 / 101. mahA, 5 / 257, 9 / 41, 14 / 12, 15 / 199, harivaMza, 11 / 14 / parisaMvAda-4
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________________ 138 jainavidyA evaM prAkRtaM : antarazAstrIya adhyayana bhujA ke UparI chora ko suzobhita kare use keyUra kahate haiM aura 'aMgaM dayate aMgadam' arthAt jo aMga ko nipIr3ita kare vaha aMgada hotA hai| 02 / 2. keyara ?-strI-puruSa donoM hI apanI bhujAoM para keyUra aMgada yA keyUra) dhAraNa karate the' / keyUra svarNa evaM rajata ke banate the| jisa para loga apane stara ke anusAra maNiyA~ bhI jar3avAte the| hema keyUra kA bhI varNana kaI sthaloM para huA hai| keyara meM noka bhI hotI thii| 05 / bhartRhari ne keyUra kA prayoga puruSoM ke alaMkAra ke antargata kiyA hai|06| 3. mudrikA-hAtha kI aMgulI meM dhAraNa karane kA AbhUSaNa mudrikA hai| isakA prayoga strI-puruSa samAna rUpa se karate haiN| prAcIna bhAratIya granthoM meM svarNajaTita, ratnajaTita, pazu-pakSI, devatA-manuSya evaM nAmotkIrNa mudrikA kA ullekha hai|07 / padmapurANa meM aMgUThI ke lie umikA zabda prayukta huA hai . 8 / triSaSTizalAkA puruSacarita meM strI ke AbhUSaNa ke rUpa meM aMgUThI kA varNana hai|05|| 4. kaTaka11 -prAcIna kAla se hAtha meM svarNa, rajata, hAthI dA~ta evaM zaMkhanirmita kaTaka dhAraNa karane kA pracalana thaa| isakA prayoga strI-puruSa donoM hI karate the / ratnajaTita camakIle kar3e ke lie divya kaTaka zabda kA prayoga mahApurANa meM huA hai|11| harSacarita meM kaTaka aura keyUra donoM kA varNana AyA hai|12| vAsudevazaraNa 102. draSTavya, gokulacandra jaina-yazastilaka kA sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR0 147 / 103. mahA. 68 / 652, 3 / 157, 9 / 41, 15 / 199, harivaMza, 7 / 89, padma 3 / 2, 3 / 190, 81415, 11 / 328, 85 / 107, 88331 raghuvaMza, 7.50 / / 104. narendra deva siMha-bhAratIya saMskRti kA itihAsa, pR0 115 / 105. raghuvaMza, 750 / 106. bhartRharizataka, 2.19 / 107. harivaMza, 49 / 11, mahA, 7 / 235, 47 / 219, 59 / 167, 68 // 367 / 108. padma, 33 / 131, tulanIya raghuvaMza, 6-18 / 109. e0 ke0 majUmadAra-cAlukyAja oNpha gujarAta, pR0 359 para uddhRta / 110. padma 3 / 3; harivaMza, 11 / 11; mahA, 7 / 235, 14 / 12, 16 / 236, tulanIya mAlavikAgnimitram, aMka 2, pR0 286 / 111. mahA, 29 / 167 / 112. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla, harSacarita : eka sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR0 176 / parisaMvAda-4
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________________ jainapurANoM meM varNita prAcIna bhAratIya AbhUSaNa agravAla ne kaTaka-kadamba (paidala sipAhI) kI vyAkhyA meM batAyA hai ki sambhavataH kaTaka (kar3A) dhAraNa karane ke kAraNa hI unheM kaTaka-kadamba kahA jAtA thA' 13 / (ya) kaTi-AbhUSaNa-kaTi AbhUSaNoM kA bhI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| kAJcI, mekhalA, rasanA, dAma, kaTisUtra Adi kI gaNanA kaTi AbhUSaNoM meM hotI hai / 14 1. kAznI-jaina purANoM meM kaTivastra se saTAkara dhAraNa kie jAne vAle AbhUSaNa hetu kAJcI zabda kA prayoga huA hai| kAJcI caur3I paTTI kI svarNa-nirmita hotI thii| isameM maNiyoM, ratnoM evaM dhuMdharuoM kA bhI prayoga hotA thA'15 / 2. mekhalA 16yaha kaTi meM dhAraNa kiyA jAne vAlA AbhUSaNa thaa| strIpuruSa donoM mekhalA dhAraNa karate the| isakI caur3AI patalI hotI thii| sAdI kanaka mekhalA evaM ratnajaTita mekhalA yA maNi mekhalA hotI thI117 / 3. rasanA -yaha bhI kAJcI evaM mekhalA kI bhA~ti kamara meM dhAraNa karane kA AbhUSaNa thaa| rasanA bhI caur3AI meM patalI hotI thii| isameM dhuMgharU lagane ke kAraNa dhvani hotI hai| amarakoSa meM kAJcI, mekhalA evaM rasanA paryAyavAcI artha meM prayukta hue haiM / inako striyA~ kaTi meM dhAraNa karatI thiiN| 19 / 4. dAma-yaha kamara meM dhAraNa karane kA AbhUSaNa thaa| dAma kaI prakAra ke hote the| kAJcIdAma, muktAdAma, mekhalAdAma evaM kiMkiNIyukta maNimayadAma Adi pramukha haiN| 20 / 5. kaTisUtra-isako strI-puruSa donoM kaTi meM dhAraNa karate the|21 / 113. vahI, pR0 131 / 114. amarakoSa 2 / 6 / 108 / . 115. padma, 872, mahA, 7 / 129, 12 / 19, tulanIya RtusaMhAra, 6 / 7 / 116. padma, 71 / 65, mahA, 15 / 23, tulanIya raghuvaMza, 10.8; kumArasambhava, 8.26 / 117. harivaMza, 2 / 35 / 118. mahA, 15 / 203, tulanIya raghuvaMza, 8.58, uttaramegha, 3, RtusaMhAra, 3.3, kumAra sambhava 7-61 / 119. strIkaTyAM mekhalA kAJcI saptakI rasanA tathA / -amarakoSa 2 / 6 / 108 / 120. mahA, 4 / 184, 8 / 13, 11 / 121, 14 / 13 / 121. vahI, 13 / 69, 16 / 19, harivaMza, 7 / 89, 11 / 14 / parisaMvAda-4
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________________ 140 jaina vidyA evaM prAkRta : antarazAstrIya adhyayana (ra) pAdAbhUSaNa-nUpura, tulAkoTi, gomukha maNi Adi kI gaNanA pramukha pAdAbhUSaNoM meM hotI thii| yaha nAriyoM kA AbhUSaNa hotA thaa| 1. napura 22-isa AbhUSaNa ko striyA~ pairoM meM dhAraNa karatI thIM / nupura meM ghugharU lagane ke kAraNa madhura dhvani nikalatI thii| maNinUpura, ziJjitanUpura, bhAsvatakalAnUpura Adi cAra prakAra ke nUpuroM kA varNana milatA hai|23|| 2. tulAkoTi 64--tulA arthAt tarAjU kI DaNDI ke sadRza AbhUSaNa ke donoM kinAre kiJcit ghanAkAra hone ke kAraNa hI isakA nAma tulAkoTi pdd'aa| isakA ullekha bANabhaTTa ne harSacarita meM kiyA hai / 25 / / 3. gomukhamaNi-isa prakAra ke maNiyukta AbhUSaNa ko gomukhamaNi kI saMjJA pradAna kI gaI hai| isakA AkAra gAya ke mukha ke samAna hotA thA126 / prAcIna itihAsa, saMskRti evaM purAtattva vibhAga, ilAhAbAda vizvavidyAlaya, ilAhAbAda, uttara-pradeza / 122. harivaMza, 14 / 14, mahA, 6 / 63, 16 / 237, padma 27 / 32, tulanIya raghuvaMza, 13.23 / 123. kumArasambhava, 1.34, RtusaMhAra, 4.4, vikramorvazIyaM, 3 / 15 / 124. mahA, 9 / 41; nemicandra, AdipurANa meM pratipAdita bhArata, pR0 222 / 125. draSTavya, gokulacandra jaina-yazastilaka kA sAMskRtika adhyayana, pR0 151 / 126. mahA, 14 / 14 / parisaMvAda-4