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________________ jainadarzana meM Izvara kI avadhAraNA 0 saubhAgyamala jaina jainadarzana meM "Izvara" kA koI sthAna hai yA nahIM ? yaha prazna mahattvapUrNa hai kintu isa prazna para koI mata pratipAdita karane ke pUrva yaha Avazyaka hai ki "Izvara" zabda se kyA tAtparya hai ? isakA vizleSaNa kiyA jaay| vAstava meM Izvara, bhagavAna, paramezvara Adi paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| eka saMskRta ke kavi ne "bhagavAna" zabda kI vyAkhyA karate hae kahA aizvaryasya, samagrasya, dharmasya, yazasaH shriyH| jJAnavairAgyayozcava, SaNNAM "bhaga" itIraNA // tAtparya yaha hai ki "bhaga" zabda meM samagra aizvarya, dharma, yaza, zrI, jJAna, vairAgya, ina chaha kA samAveza hotA hai, isa prakAra ina chaha aizvaryoM se yukta ko "bhagavAn" kahA jA sakatA hai| yahI bhAva "Izvara" zabda se hai| aizvaryavAn (sAhabe grosApha) ko Izvara kahA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra bhautika aizvarya se sampanna ko "sAhabe jAyadAda" kahA jAtA hai isI prakAra prAdhyAtmika athavA Adhidaivika aizvarya se yukta ko Izvara (sAhabe ausApha) kahA jA sakatA hai| vizva meM pracalita dharmoM meM IzvarasambandhI mAnyatAoM kA yadi hama vizleSaNa kareM to yaha spaSTa rUpa se dRSTigocara hogA ki kucha dharmoM meM Izvara ko racayitA, niyAmaka mAnA jAtA hai, kucha meM use prANiyoM ke bhale-bure karmoM kA nirNAyaka mAnakara daNDadAtA yA puraskAradAtA ke rUpa meM mAnA jAtA hai yA use dayAlu mAnakara kSamAdAtA ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA jAtA hai| kucha meM Izvara kevala sAkSI rUpa mAnA jAtA hai| yadi hama vaidikakAla kI mAnyatA para daSTipAta kareM to yaha jJAta hogA ki usa kAla meM vizva kI ajJAta prAkRtika zaktiyoM (mAnava samudAya kA upakAra karane vAlI, sahAyatA pradAna karane vAlI yA bhayAnaka sabhI zaktiyoM) meM mAnava ne "devatva' kA AropaNa karake bahu-devavAda kI sthApanA kii| hama dekhate haiM ki usa kAla meM mAnava ko devI-ApattiyoM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA thA, vaijJAnika AviSkAra nahIM hue the, prakRti ke rahasyoM se vaha vAkipha nahIM thaa| isa kAraNa isa prakAra kI zakti meM devatva kI kalpanA mAnava-samAja kI sahaja sphurita bhAvanA kA pratIka hai| jaise-jaise mAnava kA vaicArika stara unnata huA vaise-vaise usane eka brahma kI kalpanA kii| usI ko jagat kA mUlAdhAra maanaa| samasta prANijagat usI brahma kA pratirUpa hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki vaidika paramparA meM dvaitavAda tathA advaitavAda ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha brahma aura jIva ke pRthaktva tathA ekatva kI mAnyatA pracalita huI / advaitavAda ke pravartaka AcArya zaMkara brahma ko nirgaNa tathA dvaitavAda ke pravartaka prAcArya madhva brahma ko saguNa mAnate haiN| yaha eka saMyoga kI bAta hai ki vizva ke lagabhaga sabhI dharmAcArya eziyA meM hae jinameM kucha ekezvaravAda ke hAmI tathA kucha bahudevavAda ke hAmI the| kucha ke nikaTa Izvara kA svarUpa nirAkAra tathA kucha ke nikaTa sAkAra svarUpa thaa| jo dharmAcArya Izvara athavA bhagavAn ke
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________________ jainadarzana meM Izvara kI avadhAraNA /171 astitva meM vizvAsa nahIM karate the unake mata meM bhI samaSTi ko niyamita karane vAlI kisI zakti kA astitva avazya thA / cAhe usako "daivI zakti" (Spirit) ke nAma se pahacAnA jAye yA kisI aura nAma se| yaha prazna gauNa thaa| vaidika paramparA ke atirikta islAma ekezvaravAda kA hAmI thaa| islAma kA pavitra kalamA "lA ilAhA illillAha muhammadarasUlilliAha" hai jisakA artha yaha hai ki Izvara kevala eka hai aura hajarata muhammada usake rasUla haiM, paigambara haiM, usake saMdezavAhaka haiM / islAma meM Izvara ke atirikta kisI aura zakti kI mAnyatA "zirakata" kahalAtI hai| aura isa mAnyatA kA jabaradasta virodha hai| sUphI mata ke santa Izvara tathA sAMsArika jIvoM ke madhya "dvaita" kA eka pardA mAnate haiM jahA~ vaha pardA (prAvaraNa) haTA ki sAMsArikajIva brahma meM lIna ho jAtA hai| kahA gayA hai ki "mahabUba merA mujha meM hai, mujhako khabara nahIM aisA chipA hai parde meM, jo ki AtA najara nhiiN| zauka hai dIdAra kA, to najara paidA kara // " isake atirikta sUphI saMta, mAnava ke antaratama meM hI IzvarIya prakAza (jalavA) kA astitva mAnate the dila ke AIne meM hai tasvIre yAra / jaba jarA garadana jhukAI, dekha lI // sAtha hI Izvara ko sarvavyApI mAnate the tathA vedAnta kI advaita paramparA ke anusAra analahaka (ahaM brahmAsmi) kA nAda karate hue IzvarIya prema meM masta rahate the| jidhara dekhatA hUM udhara tU hI tU hai aura Adama ko khudA mata kaho, Adama khudA nhiiN| lekina khudA ke nUra se, Adama judA nhiiN| eka prasiddha sUphI saMta saramada kA vAkayA bahuta prasiddha hai jo apanI IzvarIya prema meM masta jindagI vyatIta karatA-karatA dillI phuNcaa| usa kAla meM dillI ke takhta para eka dharmAndha bAdazAha auraMgajeba kA zAsana thaa| saramada apanI mastI meM "analahaka" kI AvAja lagAtA huyA ghUma rahA thaa| bAdazAha ne use kaI bAra cetAvanI dI ki vaha isa tarIke se bAja pA jaae| bAdazAha ke nikaTa yaha krupha thA kintu saMta apanI mastI meM itanA tallIna thA ki usako isa bAta para dhyAna dene kA samaya hI nahIM thaa| aMtatogatvA bAdazAha ne saMta ko mRtyudaNDa diyaa| usa samaya ke usake vAkya, usakI mastI, tallInatA kA spaSTa digdarzana karAte haiM bajameM izka to ama, mI kuzaMda mogA asta / to nIja vassare vAMma, AMki khuda tamAzA rAsta // tujhe tere izka meM mArA jA rahA hai| jarA aTArI para car3hakara dekha kaisA tamAzA ho rahA hai / isake atirikta nirguNI saMtoM meM kabIra kA sthAna sarvocca hai jisane IzvarIya prema meM apane ko ApAdamastaka garka kara liyA thA aura usI mastI meM usane "anahadanAda" sunA thA dhammo dIvo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 172 aura usI mastI meM mullA, maulavI, paMDita jaisI dharmonmAdI saMsthAnoM para tIkhe vyaMga karake unakI nissAratA prakaTa kI thii| isa prakAra ke eka masta vicAraka ne kahA thA kisI kA rAma kAzI meM, kisI kA hai madIne meM kisI kA jana, jamI, jara meM, kisI kA khAne-pIne meM koI kahatA gayA meM hai, kisI kA yorozalama meM hai| "paimAnanda" rAma apanA yA to harajA hai yA sIne meM hai| vAstavika rUpa meM manuSya svayaM paramAtmAsvarUpa hai| usakA sthAna manuSya kA hRdaya hai yA vaha sarvavyApI hai| kintu jahA~ islAma apanI mAnyatA para itanA dar3ha thA ki jo Izvara (allAha) ko lAzarIka kahatA thA usI meM kaI aise zAyara hae ki jinhoMne Izvara kI dayAlutA kA varNana karate hue usako cATukAritA ke samakakSa mAnA / udAharaNasvarUpa tere karama ke bharose para hazra meM yA raba, gunAha lAyA hUM aura behisAba lAyA huuN| paura gayA zaitAna mArA-eka sijade ke na karane se dojakha sahI pe sara kA, jhukAnA nahIM acchaa| aura isI kAraNa zAyara ne sakhta majAka karate hue likhA thA: huA hai cAra sijadoM para yaha dAvA jAhidoM tumko| khudA ne kyA tumhAre hAtha jannata beca DAlI hai? isa bhUmikA ke pariprekSya meM yadi hama jainadarzana ke tattvajJAna para dRSTipAta karate haiM to yaha spaSTa jAhira hai ki uparyukta kisI bhI rUpa meM Izvara kI mAnyatA yahA~ para nahIM hai| jahA~ taka saSTikartA tathA karmaphalapradAtA kA rUpa hai, jainadharma spaSTa rUpa se iMkAra karake batAtA hai ki yaha sArA vizva kArya-kAraNa ke AdhAra para anAdi kAla se calA A rahA hai tathA aMtahIna hai| (Begningless & endless) vizva meM kabhI sarvapralaya nahIM ho sktii| jo sat hai vaha kabhI asat nahIM ho sktaa| yaha pRthak bAta hai ki dravya ke paryAya meM rUpAntara hotA rahatA hai / kahA gayA hai: nAsato vidyate bhAvaH, nAbhAvo jAyate sata / / kevala jainadharma hI nahIM vaidika paramparA meM bhI kaI graMthoM meM Izvara ko vizva kA niyaMtA yA karmaphalapradAtA nahIM mAnate hae "svabhAva" ke kAraNa hI inakA astitva mAnA hai jaisA ki zrImadbhAgavad gItA meM kahA gayA : "na kartRtvaM na karmANi, lokasya sajati prabhuH na karmaphalasaMyogaH svabhAvastu pravartate / nAdatta kasyacitpApaM na kasya sukataM vibhuH / ajJAnenAvataM jJAnaM tena muhyanti jantavaH // jainadarzana kA vizvAsa hai ki prANI svayaM apane karma karane meM svataMtra hai tathA bhale-bure karmoM ke kAraNa vaha puNya-pApa kA baMdha karatA hai| vAstava meM Izvara nAma kI koI zakti na .
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________________ jainadarzana meM Izvara kI avadhAraNA / 173 1 to nyAyadAtA (jaja) kA kArya karatI hai na usakI dayAlutA kisI ko bhale-bure karmoM se kSamA pradAna kara sakatI hai, na kisI Izvara meM yaha zakti hai ki vaha usake nAma-smaraNa yA nAma japa se prasanna hokara use kSamA pradAna kara sake tAtparya yaha hai ki jainadarzana kI sRSTi nirmANa tathA karmaphala kI mAnyatA atyanta tarka purassara hai aura Adhunika vijJAna bhI isa tathya kI puSTi karatI hai ki samaSTi kA nirmANa kArya-kAraNa (Law of Causes & Effect ) ke AdhAra para hI huA hai| vAstava meM jaina dharma meM Izvara ke kisI avatAra dhAraNa karake vizva meM avatarita hone kI mAnyatA ko sthAna nahIM hai| vaha Izvara kA mAnavIya rUpa (Personalised Godhood ) svIkAra nahIM karatA / usake nikaTa maulika rUpa meM vizva kA samasta prANijagat zuddha-buddha hai| usakI kSamatA hai ki vaha Atmika guNa yA prAdhyAtmika yA Adhidaivika aizvarya se mahAtmA athavA paramAtmA pada taka pahu~ca ske| jaisA ki kahA gayA hai ki nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se pratyeka jIvAtmA meM yaha ( Potentiality ) hai ki vaha vAstavika rUpa se paramAtmatva apane meM Aropita kara ske| adhika upayukta yaha hai ki hama "Izvara" zabda ke sthAna para "paramAtmA" zabda kA upayoga kreN| jIvAtmA apanI prAtmika unnati karate-karate mahAn AtmA ho sakatI hai aura jaba sAre ghAtiyA karma (jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya, antarAya) kSaya karake zuddha buddha ho jAtI hai to use "kaivalyaprApti " ho jAtI hai aura jaba prapAtiyA 4 karma (nAma, gotra, AyuSya vedanIya) kSaya ho jAte haiM, to vahI siddha ho jAtA hai aura kRtakRtya ho jAtA hai| satI madAlasA kA eka vAkya prasiddha hai jo vaha apane garbhastha zizu yA navajAta zizu ko acche saMskAra DAlane ke liye kahA karatI thI zuddho'si, buddho'si, niraMjano'si / tathA anya darzanoM meM bhI kahA gayA hai na mRtyurna zaMkA na me jAtibhedaH pitA naiva me naiva mAtA na janma na bandhurna mitra, gurunaiva ziSyaH / cidAnaMdarUpaH zivo'haM zivo'ham / na puNyaM na pApaM na saukhyaM na duHkham na maMtraM na tIrthaM na vedA na yajJAH / ahaM bhojanaM naiva bhojyaM na bhoktA cidAnandarUpaH zivo'haM zivo'ham / , jaina dharma meM prAtmika aizvarya yA grAtmA kI zuddha sthiti ke prakaTIkaraNa ke liye jina 14 guNasthAnoM kA krama svIkAra kiyA gayA hai vaha atyanta vaijJAnika vicArasaraNI hai| usase jIvAtmA, jo yadyapi karmaphala se lipta hai vaha zanaiH zanaiH unnata avasthA ko prApta karatI huI apane zivasvarUpa ko prApta kara sakatI hai| yahI Izvaratva hai, paramAtmatva hai / tAtparya yaha ki jaina darzana meM uparokta arthoM meM Izvara kA sthAna nahIM hai kintu Izvaratva kA sthAna avazya hai aura Personalised Godhood nahIM hai apitu pratyeka AtmA nizcaya naya se zivasvarUpa hai aura apane rAga-dveSa se mukta hokara apane zivatva ko prakaTa kara sakatI hai| jIvAtmA meM zivatva usI prakAra vyApta hai jaise: dhammo dIvo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 174 yathA jalaM jale kSiptaM, kSIre kSIraM ghRte ghRtam / avizeSo bhavettadvad, jIvAtmaparamAtmanaH // hamAre deza meM gata zatAbdiyoM meM Izvara saMbaMdhI mAnyatA bhrAmaka ho gaI aura manuSya apane ko IzvarAdhIna mAnane lgaa| "harIcchA balIyasI" ke vAkya ne mAnava ko kevala . niyativAdI banA diyaa| udyama, sAhasa, parAkrama puruSArtha se usakA saMbaMdha nahIM rahA / Izvara kI maryAdA bar3hatI rahI aura AtmA kI ghaTatI rhii| mAnava ke cintana meM "amRtasya pUtrA:" ke sthAna para "pApo'haM pApakarmA'haM" "pApAtmA, pApasaMbhavaH" kA nAda gUMja uThA jisane usake prAtmagaurava kA nAza kara diyaa| yaha viDambanA rahI, kintu jainadarzana ne sabase bar3I dena yaha dI ki usane mAnava ke prAtmagaurava kI sthApanA kii| deva kI gulAmI se mukta kiyA "na hi, mAnuSAt zreSThataraM hi kiMcit" jaise vAkyoM kI sahI sahI sthApanA kii| isI saMdarbha meM mujhe vaizeSikadarzana ke eka vidvAna kI rocaka ghaTanA smaraNa pAtI hai jo jagannAthapurI meM darzana karane gayA thA kintu asamaya hone se kapATa banda mile taba usane kapATa kholane kA prAgraha karate hue kahA thA : aizvaryamadamatto'si mAmavajJAya vrtse| upasthiteSu bauddha Su, madadhInA tava sthitiH|| -udayanAcArya saMbhavataH isa prakAra ke udgAra usa vicArasaraNi ke pariNAma the jo jainadharma ne pravAhita kI thii| mAnava ne apane AtmasammAna ko dhyAna meM rakhakara yaha zloka kahA hogaa| jainadharma ne spaSTa rUpa se batAyA ki manuSya-janma devatva se bhI bar3hakara hai / mAnava zuddha, zivatva prakaTa kara sakatA hai jabaki deva ko bhI mokSa tabhI mila sakegA jabaki vaha manuSya janma le| manuSya karma meM svataMtra hai| kisI deva, Izvara kI gulAmI yA usakI khazAmada kI use AvazyakatA nahIM hai| vAstavika rUpa se dekhA jAya to eziyA hI nahIM sAre vizva ke dharmAcArya eka prakAra se usa daivI saMdeza ke vAhaka the| cAhe vaha rAma hoM, kRSNa hoM, mahAvIra hoM, buddha hoM, IsA, muhammada, jarathustra hoN| ina sabane mAnava ko bhalA banAne, use unnata banAne tathA apane zuddha rUpa meM zivatva prakaTa karane kA mArga batAyA thaa| jaisA ki eka jana adhyAtmayogI santa ne apanA mantavya prakaTa karake kahA thAH rAma kaho, rahamAna kaho, koI kAnha kaho mahAdeva rii| pArasanAtha kaho, koI brahmA, sakala brahma svayameva rii| bhAjanabheda kahAvata nAnA, eka mRttikA rUpI rI / taise khaNDa kalpanA ropita, Apa akhaNDa svarUpI rii| nijapada rame so rAma kahiye, rahama kare rahamAna rii| kare karama kAnha so kahiye, mahAdeva nirmANa rii| parase rUpa pArasa so kahIye, brahma cinhai so brahmA rii| isa vidhi sAdho, Apa 'AnaMdaghana' cetana maya niSkarSa rii| -zujAlapura maMDI (ma.pra.) 10