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________________ jaina dharma ke mUlatattva jaina dharma kA udbhava aura vikAsa zilpa ke dvArA apane hI zrama se apanI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karanA jina ke dvArA pravartita dharma jaina dharma kahA jAtA hai aura jo apanI sikhaayaa| kintu manuSya kI bar3hatI huI bhogAkAMkSA evaM saMcaya vRtti ke indriyoM, vAsanAoM aura icchAoM para vijaya pA letA hai, vaha jina kAraNa vaiyaktika jIvana evaM sAmAjika jIvana meM jo azAMti evaM viSamatA hai| jaina dharma kA eka prAcIna nAma nimrantha dharma bhI hai| azoka Adi AyI, usakA samAdhAna nahIM ho skaa| bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne yaha anubhava ke ati prAcIna zilAlekhoM meM isakA isI nAma se ullekha milatA kiyA ki bhoga sAmagrI kI pracuratA bhI manuSya kI AkAMkSA va tRSNA hai| nirgrantha zabda kA artha hai- jisake hRdaya meM chala-kapaTa, rAga- ko samApta karane meM samartha nahIM hai| yadi vaiyaktika evaM samAjika jIvana dveSa, ahaMkAra, lobha Adi kI koI gA~Tha nahIM hai aura jo Antarika meM zAMti evaM samatA sthApita karanI hai, to manuSya ko tyAga evaM saMyama aura bAhya parigraha se mukta hai, vahI nirgrantha hai| jaina dharma ko Ahata ke mArga kI zikSA denI hogii| unhoMne svayaM parivAra evaM rAjya kA dharma bhI kahate haiN| arhat zabda kA artha hai- jisane rAga-dveSa para tyAga karake vairAgya kA mArga apanAyA aura logoM ko tyAga evaM vairAgya vijaya prApta kara lI hai aura jo apanI AdhyAtmika pavitratA ke kAraNa kI zikSA denA prArambha kiyaa| basa yahI jaina dharma kI utpatti kI jagat kA vandanIya bana gayA, vaha arhat hai aura usakA upAsaka aahet| kahAnI hai| jahA~ vaidika dharma meM yajJa-yAga aura karmakANDa para vizeSa bala diyA Age calakara RSabhadeva kI paramparA meM kramaza: anya 23 tIrthaMkara gayA vahI zramaNadharma, vizeSa rUpa se jaina dharma meM tapa, tyAga va vairAgya hue| unameM bAIsaveM ariSTanemi, teIsaveM pArzvanAtha evaM caubIsaveM bhagavAn para adhika bala diyA gyaa| ata: vaidika dharma ko pravRttimUlaka aura mahAvIra hue| bAIsaveM tIrthakara ariSTanemi bhagavAn kRSNa ke cacere bhAI zramaNa dharma ko nivRttimUlaka dharma bhI kahate haiN| nivRttimUlaka dharma kA the aura unhoMne ahiMsA para vizeSa rUpa se bala diyaa| apane vivAha mukhya prayojana hotA hai- sAMsArika duHkhoM se mukti hetu saMnyAsa ke ke avasara para vaivAhika bhoja hetu ekatrita pazu-pakSiyoM kI cItkAra mArga kA anusaraNa krnaa| isa prakAra jaina dharma saMnyAsa pradhAna yA sunakara unhoMne na kevala unheM mukta karavAyA, apitu vaivAhika jIvana vairAgya-pradhAna dharma hai| se mukha mor3akara tapa-sAdhanA kA mArga apanAyA aura jJAna prApta kiyA mAnava vyaktitva meM do tattva pAye jAte haiM- 1. vAsanA aura tathA ahiMsA aura saMyama kA upadeza diyaa| unhoMne kahA2. vivek| manuSya meM vAsanAoM kI upasthiti use daihika AvazyakatAoM dhammo maMgalamukkiTTha ahiMsA saMjamo tvo| evaM icchAoM kI pUrti kI ora arthAt bhautika sukha-suvidhAoM kI devA vi taM namasaMti je dhamme sayA mno|| upalabdhi kI ora prerita karatI hai| jabaki viveka yaha batAtA hai ki arthAt ahiMsA, saMyama va tapa rUpI dharma hI sarvotkRSTa maMgala icchAe~ ananta haiM, unakI pUrNa santuSTi kabhI bhI sambhava nahIM hai, isalie hai| jisakA mana sadaiva isa dharma meM lagA rahatA hai, use devatA bhI namaskAra zAnti ke icchuka manuSya ko icchAoM kI santuSTi kI dizA meM na bhAgakara karate haiN| icchAoM kA saMyama karanA caahie| icchAoM evaM vAsanAoM ke saMyama teIsaveM tIrthaMkAra bhagavAn pArzvanAtha vArANasI meM utpanna hue the, kI yahI bAta saMnyAsamUlaka jaina dharma kI utpatti kA AdhAra hai| inhoMne tapa-sAdhanA meM jo AtmapIr3ana evaM parapIr3ana kI pravRtti vikasita yaha prazna bhI svAbhAvika rUpa se uThatA hai ki jaina dharma kA prArambha ho rahI thI, usakA virodha kiyaa| unhoMne kahA ki aisA tapa jisase kaba se huaa| isake prathama pravaktA kauna hai? jaina paramparA ke anusAra dUsare prANiyoM ko kaSTa hotA ho aura apane tapasvI hone ke ahaMkAra isa kAlacakra meM jaina dharma kI sthApanA bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne kii| RSabhadeva kI puSTi ho tathA jo laukika icchAoM kI pUrti ke liye kiyA jAtA ke ullekha Rgveda evaM purANa sAhitya meM bhI haiN| ata: jaina dharma saMsAra ho, ucita nahIM hai| tapa kA prayojana to Atmazuddhi honA cAhie. kA eka ati prAcIna dharma hai| jaina paramparA ke anusAra isa kAlacakra ata: vivekapUrNa ahiMsaka tapa hI zreSTha hai| meM saMnyAsamUlaka dharma kA prathama upadeza bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne diyA thaa| bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke bAda bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI hue| mahAvIra zrImadbhAgavat meM bhI RSabhadeva ko saMnyAsa dharma arthAt paramahaMsa mArga ne indriya saMyama ke sAtha-sAtha brahmacarya evaM aparigraha kI sAdhanA para kA prarvataka kahA gayA hai| RSabhadeva se pUrva mAnava samAja pUrNata: prakRti adhika bala diyaa| unhoMne pArzva ke cArtuyAma dharma meM brahmacarya ko jor3akara para Azrita thaa| kAla-krama meM jaba manuSyoM kI janasaMkhyA meM vRddhi aura ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kI sAdhanA kA upadeza prAkRtika saMsAdhanoM meM kamI hone lagI to manuSyoM meM saMcaya vRtti kA diyaa| mahAvIra svAmI kA vizeSa bala AcArazuddhi aura vyavahAravikAsa huA tathA striyoM, pazuoM aura khAdya padArthoM ko lekara eka zuddhi para thaa| unhoMne kahA ki AcAro prathamodharmaH arthAt AcAra hI dUsare se chInA-jhapaTI hone lgii| aisI sthiti meM RSabhadeva ne sarvaprathama prathama dharma hai| vyAvahArika jIvana hetu unhoMne ahiMsA, anekAMta aura samAja-vyavasthA evaM zAsana-vyavasthA kI nIMva DAlI tathA kRSi evaM aparigraha para vizeSa bala diyaa|
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________________ jaina dharma ke mUlatattva 335 duHkha aura duHkha-vimukti karatI hai| jisase hamArA caitasika samatva bhaMga hotA hai| vaha sAmAjika mahAzramaNa mahAvIra ke cintana kA mala srota jIvana kI duHkhamayatA jIvana meM saMgraha evaM zoSaNa kI vRtti ko janma dekara sAmAjika viSamatA kA bodha hI hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM ve kahate haiM kA kAraNa banatI hai| isIlie mahAvIra ne yaha nirdeza diyA ki padArthoM jamma dukkhaM jarA dukkhaM rogA ya maraNANi y| kI ora bhAgane kI apekSA Atmonmukha bano, kyoMki jo padArtha yA aho dukkho hu saMsAro jattha kIsanti jntvo|| parApekSI hotA hai vaha paratantra hotA hai, kintu jo AtmApekSI hotA hai janma duHkhamaya hai, vRddhAvasthA bhI duHkhamaya hai,roga aura mRtyu bhI vaha svatantra hotA hai| yadi tuma vastuta: tanAvamukta honA cAhate ho tathA duHkhamaya hai, adhika kyA yaha sampUrNa sAMsArika astitva hI duHkha vaiyaktika evaM sAmAjika jIvana meM zAnti cAhate ho to, Atmakendrita rUpa hai| saMsAra kI duHkhamayatA ke isI bodha se duHkha ke kAraNa kI bano, kyoMki jo parAzrita yA para-kendrita hotA hai, vaha duHkhI hotA khoja evaM duHkha-vimukti (mokSa yA nirvANa) ke cintana kA vikAsa hai aura jo svAzrita yA svakendrita hotA hai, vaha sukhI hotA hai| AturahuA hai| jaina cintakoM ne yaha mAnA hai ki sAMsArikatA meM sukha nahIM pratyAkhyAna nAmaka jaina grantha meM kahA gayA hai ki samasta sAMsArika hai| jise hama sukha mAna lete haiM, vaha ThIka usI prakAra kA hai jisa upalabdhiyA~ saMyogajanya haiN| inheM apanA mAnane yA ina para mamatva rakhane prakAra khujalI kI bImArI se pIr3ita vyakti khAja ko khujalAne meM se prANI duHkha paramparA ko prApta hotA hai| ata: ina sAyogika upalabdhiyoM sukha mAna letA hai, vastuta: vaha sukha bhI duHkha rUpa hI hai| saMsAra ke prati mamatvavRtti kA visarjana kara denA caahie| yahI duHkha-vimukti meM dhanI-nirdhana, zAsita-zAsaka sabhI to du:khI haiN| kahA hai- kA eka mAtra upAya hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jahA~-jahA~ dhana binA nirdhana duHkhI, tRSNAvaza dhnvaan| mamatva hai, vahA~-vahA~ duHkha hai| icchAoM kI pUrti se du:kha-vimukti kA kabahu na sukha yA saMsAra meM, saba jaga dekhyo chaan|| prayAsa ThIka vaisA hI hai jaise chalanI ko jala se bharane kA pryaas| saMsAra ke ina duHkhoM ko hama do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kara sakate / hama bAhya jagat meM rasa lene ke lie jaise hI usameM apanA AropaNa haiM- eka to bhautika duHkha, jo prAkRtika vipadAoM aura bAhya tathyoM karate haiM, vaise hI eka prakAra kA dvaita prakaTa ho jAtA hai| jisameM hama ke kAraNa hote haiM aura dUsare mAnasika duHkha jo manuSya kI AkAMkSAoM apanepana kA AropaNa karate haiM, Asakti rakhate haiM, vaha hamAre lie va tRSNAoM se janma lete haiN| mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM ina samasta bhautika 'sva' bana jAtA hai aura usase bhinna yA virodhI 'para' bana jAtA hai| evaM mAnasika du:khoM kA mUla vyakti kI bhogAzakti hI hai| manuSya apanI AtmA kI samatva ke kendra se yaha cyuti hI use ina 'sva' aura 'para' kAmanAoM kI pUrti ke dvArA ina duHkhoM ke nivAraNa kA prayatna to karatA ke do vibhAgoM meM bA~Ta detI hai| inheM hama kramaza: rAga aura dveSa kahate hai, kintu vaha usa kAraNa kA uccheda nahIM karatA jisase duHkha prasphuTita haiN| rAga AkarSaNa kA siddhAnta hai aura dveSa vikarSaNa kaa| apanA-parAyA, hotA hai, kyoMki vaha bAhara na hokara hamArI cittavRtti meM hotA hai| saMyama rAga-dveSa athavA AkarSaNa-vikarSaNa ke kAraNa hamArI cetanA meM sadaiva (brahmacarya) aura santoSa (aparigraha) ke atirikta manuSya kI tRSNA ko hI tanAva, saMgharSa athavA dvandva banA rahatA hai, yadyapi cetanA yA AtmA samApta karane kA koI upAya nahIM hai| mahAvIra ne kahA thA ki bAhya apanI svAbhAvika zakti ke dvArA sadaiva sAmyAvasthA yA saMtulana banAne padArthoM se icchAoM kI pUrti kA prayAsa vaisA hI hai jaise ghRta DAlakara kA prayAsa karatI rahatI hai| lekina rAga evaM dveSa kisI bhI sthAyI agni ko zAnta karanA yA zAkhAoM ko kATakara jar3oM ko pAnI dene santulana kI avasthA ko sambhava nahIM hone dete| yahI kAraNa hai ki ke samAna hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jaina-darzana meM rAga-dveSa se Upara uThanA samyak-jIvana kI anivArya zarta suvaNNa-rUppassa u pavvayA bhave siyA hu kelAsasamA asNkhyaa| mAnI gaI hai| mamatva va rAga-dveSa kI upasthiti hI mAnavIya pIr3A kA narassa luddhassa na tehiM kiMci icchA u AgAsasamA annntiyaa|| mUla kAraNa hai| yadi manuSya ko mAnasika tanAvoM se mukti pAnA hai cAhe svarNa va rajata ke kailAza ke samAna asaMkhya parvata kyoM to, isake lie nirmamatva yA anAsakti kI sAdhanA hI eka mAtra na khar3e kara diye jAyeM, kintu ve manuSya kI tRSNA ko pUrNa karane meM vikalpa hai| samartha nahIM haiM, kyoMki icchA to AkAza ke samAna ananta hai| samasta duHkhoM kA mUla kAraNa bhogAkAMkSA, tRSNA yA mamatvabuddhi hI hai| kintu AtmA kA bandhana aura mukti isa bhogAkAMkSA kI samApti kA upAya icchAoM kI pUrti nahIM hai, apitu jaina dharma ke anusAra yaha saMsAra duHkhamaya hai, ata: ina sAMsArika saMyama evaM nirAkAMkSatA hI hai| yadi hama vyakti ko mAnasika vikSobhoM duHkhoM se mukta honA hI vyakti kA mukhya prayojana honA caahie| manuSya evaM tanAvoM se tathA mAnava jAti ko hiMsA evaM zoSaNa se mukta karanA meM upasthita rAga-dveSa kI vRttiyA~ hI usakA vAstavika bandhana hai aura cAhate haiM, to hameM apane ko saMyama evaM santoSa kI dizA meM mor3anA yahI duHkha hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra manuSya jaba rAga-dveSa athavA krodha, hogaa| bhogavAdI sukhoM kI lAlasA meM daur3atA hai aura usakI upalabdhi mAna Adi kaSAyoM ke vazIbhUta hokara koI bhI zArIrika, vAcika yA hetu corI, zoSaNa evaM saMgraha jaisI sAmAjika burAiyoM ko janma detA mAnasika pravRtti karatA hai to usake pariNAmasvarUpa karma-paramANuoM kA hai| mahAvIra ke anusAra bhogavAdI jIvanadRSTi icchAoM aura AkAMkSAoM AkarSaNa hotA hai, jise ve Asrava kahate haiN| jaba cittavRtti meM krodhAdi ko janma dekara hamAre vaiyaktika jIvana meM tanAvoM evaM vikSobhoM ko utpanna kaSAya vidyamAna ho tathA zarIra evaM indriyoM kI pravRtti asaMyamita ho
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________________ 336 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 to usake pariNAmasvarUpa karma kA bandha hotA hai yA karma-saMskAra banate gayI hai| nirjarA kA artha hai karma-mala ko alaga kara denA yA jhAr3a. haiN| pratyeka karma-saMskAra kAlakrama meM apanA vipAka yA phala detA hai denaa| AtmA para lage karma-mala ko alaga karane kA prayatna hI nirjarA aura isa prakAra karma aura vipAka kI paramparA calatI rahatI hai| isa hai| jisa prakAra kamare kI saphAI ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki pahale tathya ko hama aise bhI samajhA sakate haiM ki jaba vyakti dveSa Adi ke to hama kamare kI khir3akiyA~ banda kara deM, tAki bAhara se dhUla na vazIbhUta hokara krodha karatA hai to usameM krodha ke saMskAra banate haiN| Aye, kintu pUrva kI upasthita dhUla yA mala kI saphAI ke lie kamare samaya-samaya para krodha ke ina saMskAroM kI abhivyakti hone se krodha ko jhAr3anA bhI Avazyaka hotA hai, usI prakAra AtmA meM jo gaMdagI usakI jIvana-zailI kA hI aMga bana jAtA hai aura yahI usakA hai use dUra karane ke lie nirjarA Avazyaka hai| jaina dharma ke anusAra bandhana hai| nirjarA ke dvArA hI AtmA ke pUrva saMcita karma-mala kA zodhana sambhava jaina dharma ke anusAra pratyeka AtmA meM jo ananta jJAna, ananta hai| nirjarA kA dUsarA nAma 'tapa-sAdhanA' hai| kahA gayA hai ki tapa ke darzana, ananta sukha aura ananta zakti rahI huI hai, vaha ina karma-saMskAroM dvArA AtmA karor3oM bhavoM ke pUrva saMcita karmoM ko naSTa kara detA hai| ke kAraNa kuMThita ho jAtI hai| Atmika zakti kA kuMThita honA hI jisa prakAra zuddha ghI ko prApta karane ke lie hameM makkhana ko kisI bandhana hai| karma kA yaha bandhana ATha prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai- 1. bartana meM rakhakara tapAnA hotA hai, usI prakAra AtmA kI zuddhi ke liye jo karma AtmA kI jJAnAtmaka zakti ko kuMThita karate haiM, ve jJAnAvaraNa use bhI zarIra rUpI bhojana ke dvArA tapAnA hotA hai| jaina dharma meM tapasyA kahalAte haiM, 2. jinake dvArA AtmA kI anubhUti sAmarthya sImita hotI kA matalaba zarIra ko kaSTa denA nahIM apitu zarIra ke prati rAgAtmakatA hai, use darzanAvaraNa kahate haiM, 3. jisake dvArA sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti ___ yA mamatvabuddhi ko dUra karanA hai| isIlie AtmA kI dehAsakti ko hotI hai, ve vedanIya karma haiM, 4. jina karma-saMskAroM ke kAraNa vyakti tor3ane kA jo prayatna hai, vahI tapasyA hai| yaha satya hai ki sabhI durAcaraNoM kA dRSTikoNa evaM cAritra dUSita ho use mohanIya-karma kahA gayA hai| kA mUla kAraNa vyakti kI mamatA yA Asakti hai, isa Asakti meM bhI 5. jo karma hamAre vyaktitva yA caitasika evaM zArIrika saMracanA ke dehAsakti sabase ghanIbhUta hotI hai| ise samApta karane ke lie hI jaina kAraNa hote haiM, unheM nAmakarma kahate haiM, 6. jina karmoM ke kAraNa vyakti dharma meM anazana Adi bAhya tapoM aura svAdhyAya Adi Antarika tapoM ko anukUla va pratikUla pariveza upalabdha hotA hai, vaha gotrakarma hai, kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 7. isI prakAra jo karma eka zarIra vizeSa meM hamArI Ayu maryAdA ko jaba tapasyA dvArA AtmA kI Asakti aura karma-mala samApta ho nizcita karatA hai, use AyuSyakarma kahate haiN| 8. anta meM jisa jAte haiM to AtmA kI ananta jJAna Adi kSamatAe~ prakaTa ho jAtI karma dvArA hameM prApta hone vAlI upalabdhiyoM meM bAdhA ho vaha antarAya- haiN| Asakti aura karma-mala kA kSaya hokara AdhyAtmika zaktiyoM kA karma hai| pUrNa prakaTana hI jaina dharma meM mukti yA nirvANa hai| ise hI paramAtmadazA jaina darzana ke anusAra ina karmoM ke vaza hokara prANI saMsAra kI prApti bhI kahate haiN| jaba AtmA karma-mala se rahita pUrNa nirmamatva meM janma-maraNa karatA hai aura sAMsArika sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti evaM nirAvaraNa avasthA ko prApta kara letA hai aura apane Atma svarUpa karatA hai| meM lIna ho jAtA hai, to vahI paramAtmA bana jAtA hai| AtmA ko paramAtmA jaina dharma kA prayojana AtmA ko isa karma-mala se mukta kara vizuddha kI avasthA taka pahu~cAnA hI jaina sAdhanA kA mUla prayojana hai| banAnA hai| isake lie saMvara kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| jisa prakAra kamare kI khir3akiyA~ khulI rahane para usameM dhUla ke Agamana ko nahIM AtmA aura paramAtmA rokA jA sakatA hai, usI prakAra jaba AtmA kI indriyA~ rUpI khir3akiyA~ AtmA kI vibhAvadazA arthAt usakI viSaya-vAsanAoM meM Asakti khulI hoM to, usameM karma-raja rUpI mala ke Agamana ko rokA nahI yA rAgabhAva hI usakA bandhana hai| apane isa rAgabhAva, Asakti yA jA sakatA hai| ata: Atmavizuddhi ke liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki vyakti mamatA ko tor3ane kA jo prayAsa hai, vaha sAdhanA hai aura usa Asakti, ina indriyarUpI khir3akiyoM ko banda kareM arthAt indriyoM kA saMyama kreN| mamatva yA rAgabhAva kA TUTa jAnA hI mukti hai, yahI AtmA kA paramAtmA jaina dharma meM indriya saMyama kA matalaba yaha nahIM haiM ki indriyoM kI bana jAnA hai| jaina sAdhakoM ne AtmA kI tIna avasthAe~ mAnI haiMpravRtti hI na hone dI jaaye| mahAvIra svAmI ne kahA thA ki indriyoM 1. bahirAtmA 2. antarAtmA aura 3. prmaatmaa| evaM unake viSayoM kI upasthiti kI dazA meM indriyoM kA apane viSayoM santa Anandaghana jI kahate haiMse samparka na ho, yaha sambhava nahIM hai| saMyama kA tAtparya hai ina aindrika trividha sakala tanudhara gata AtamA, bahirAtama adharUpa sujnyaanii| viSayoM kI anubhUti kI dazA meM hamArA citta rAga-dveSa kI vRtti se bIjo antara AtamA tIsaro paramAtama aviccheda sujnyaanii|| AkrAnta na ho| satat abhyAsa dvArA jaba aindrika anubhUtiyoM meM citta viSaya-bhogoM meM ulajhA huA AtmA bahirAtmA hai| saMsAra ke viSayaanAsakta rahanA sIkha jAtA hai to saMyama kI sAdhanA saphala hotI hai| bhogoM se udAsIna sAdhaka antarAtmA hai aura jisane apanI viSaya jaba taka citta meM purAne karma-mala upasthita haiM taba taka AdhyAtmika vAsanAoM para vijaya prApta kara liyA hai, jo viSaya-vikAra se rahita vizuddhi sambhava nhiiN| isake lie jaina dharma meM nirjarA kI bAta kahI ananta catuSTaya se yukta hokara jJAtA-draSTA bhAva meM sthita hai, vaha
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________________ 337 jaina dharma ke mUlatattva paramAtmA hai| ___ke darzana se apane prasupta siMhatva ko prakaTa kara letA hai, usI prakAra AtmA aura paramAtmA ke pArasparika sambandha ko lekara kahA / sAdhaka paramAtmA ke guNakIrtana yA stavana ke dvArA nija meM jinatva gayA hai kI zodha kara letA hai, svayaM meM nihita paramAtmazakti ko prakaTa kara 'appA so prmppaa'| letA hai| jaina sAdhanA yaha svIkAra karatI hai ki bhagavAn kI stuti AtmA hI paramAtmA hai| prasupta antazcetanA ko jAgrata karatI hai aura hamAre sAmane sAdhanA ke pratyeka prANI/ pratyeka cetanasattA paramAtmA svarUpa hai| Adarza kA eka jIvanta citra upasthita karatI hai| itanA hI nahIM, vaha moha aura mamatA ke kohare meM hamArA vaha paramAtma svarUpa chupa usa Adarza kI prApti ke lie preraNA bhI banatI hai| phira bhI jaina gayA hai| jaise bAdaloM ke AvaraNa meM sUrya kA prakAzapuMja chipa jAtA mAnyatA to yaha hai ki vyakti apane hI prayatnoM se AdhyAtmika utthAna hai aura andhakAra ghira jAtA hai, usI prakAra moha-mamatA aura rAga- yA patana kara sakatA hai| svayaM pApa se mukta hone kA prayatna na karake dveSa rUpI AvaraNa se AtmA kA ananta Ananda svarUpa tirohita ho kevala bhagavAn se mukti kI prarthanA karanA, jaina-vicAraNA kI dRSTi se jAtA hai tathA jIva du:kha aura pIr3A se bhara jAtA hai| sarvathA nirarthaka hai| aisI vivekazUnya prArthanAoM ne mAnava jAti ko AtmA aura paramAtmA meM svarUpata: bheda nahIM hai| dhAna aura cAvala saba prakAra se dIna, hIna evaM parApekSI banAyA hai| jaba manuSya kisI eka hI hai, antara mAtra itanA hai ki eka AvaraNa sahita hai aura dUsarA aise uddhAraka meM vizvAsa karane lagatA hai, jo usakI stuti se prasanna niraavrnn| isI prakAra AtmA aura paramAtmA eka hI hai, pharka kevala hokara use pApa se ubAra legA, to aisI niSThA se sadAcAra kI mAnyatAoM karma rUpa AvaraNa kA hai| ko gaharA dhakkA lagatA hai| jaina vicArakoM kI yaha spaSTa mAnyatA hai jisa prakAra dhAna ke sumadhura bhAta kA AsvAdana tabhI prApta ho ki kevala paramAtmA kI stuti karane se mokSa evaM samAdhi kI prApti sakatA hai jaba usakA chilakA utAra diyA jAve, usI prakAra apane nahIM hotI, jaba taka ki manuSya svayaM usake lie prayAsa na kre| mukti hI paramAtmasvarUpa kI anubhUti tabhI sambhava hai, jaba hama apanI cetanA yA paramAtmadazA kI prApti ke liye sAdhanA apekSita hai| se moha-mamatA aura rAga-dveSa kI khola ko utAra phekeN| chilake sahita dhAna ke samAna moha-mamatA kI khola meM jakar3I huI cetanA baddhAtmA trividha sAdhanAmArga hai aura chilake-rahita zuddha zubhra cAvala ke rUpa meM nirAvaraNa zuddha jainadarzana meM mokSa kI prApti ke lie trividha sAdhanAmArga batAyA cetanA paramAtmA hai| kahA hai gayA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM samyagjJAna samyagdarzana aura samyagcaritra ko siddhA jaiso jIva hai, jIva soya siddha hoy| mokSamArga kahA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana, karma maila kA AMtarA, bUjhe biralA koy|| samyagcaritra aura samyagtapa aise caturvidha mokSamArga kA bhI vidhAna hai, moha-mamatA rUpI parade ko haTAkara usa pAra rahe hue apane hI kintu jaina AcAryoM ne tapa kA antarbhAvacAritra meM karake isa trividha paramAtmasvarUpa kA darzana sambhava hai| hameM prayatna paramAtmA ko pAne kA sAdhanAmArga ko hI mAnya kiyA hai| nahIM, isa parade ko haTAne kA karanA hai, paramAtmA to upasthita hai hii| kucha bhAratIya vicArakoM ne isa trividha sAdhanAmArga ke kisI eka hamArI galatI yahI hai ki hama paramAtmasvarUpa ko prApta karanA to cAhate hI pakSa ko mokSa kI prApti kA sAdhana mAna liyA hai| AcArya zaMkara haiM, kintu isa AvaraNa ko haTAne kA prayAsa nahIM krte| hamAre prayatnoM mAtra jJAna se aura rAmAnuja mAtra bhakti se mukti kI saMbhAvanA ko svIkAra kI dizA yadi sahI ho to apane meM hI nihita paramAtmA kA darzana karate haiN| lekina jaina dArzanika aisI kisI ekAntavAditA meM nahIM dUra nahIM hai| hamArA durbhAgya to yahI hai ki Aja svAmI hI dAsa banA girate haiN| unake anusAra to jJAna, karma aura bhakti kI samaveta sAdhanA huA hai| hameM apanI kSamatA kA ahasAsa hI nahIM hai| kisI urdU zAyara hI mokSa kI prApti kA mArga hai| inameM se kisI eka ke abhAva meM ne ThIka hI kahA hai mokSa kI prApti sambhava nahIM hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke anusAra darzana ke insA kI badabakhtI aMdAja se bAhara hai| binA jJAna nahIM hotA aura jJAna ke abhAva meM AcaraNa samyak nahIM kamabakhta khudA hokara baMdA naz2ara AtA hai|| hotA hai aura samyak-AcaraNa ke abhAva meM mukti bhI nahIM hotI hai| jaina dharma meM paramAtmA kI avadhAraNA eka Adarza puruSa ke rUpa isa prakAra mukti kI prApti ke lie tInoM hI aMgoM kA honA meM kI gayI hai| paramAtmA na to kisI ko mukti detA hai aura na daNDa Avazyaka haiN| hii| paramAtmA kI stuti kA prayojana mAtra apane zuddha svarUpa kA bodha karanA hai| jaina darzana meM bhakti ke sacce svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue samyagdarzana upAdhyAya devacandrajI likhate hai jaina paramparA meM samyagdarzana Atma-sAkSAtkAra, tattvazraddhA, aja-kula-gata kezarI lahere, nija pada siMha nihaar| antarbodha, dRSTikoNa, zraddhA aura bhakti Adi aneka arthoM ko apane tima prabhu bhakti bhavI lahere, Atama zakti sNbhaar|| meM sameTe hue hai| samyagdarzana ko cAhe yathArtha dRSTi kaheM yA tattvArtha-zraddhA, jisa prakAra aja kula meM pAlita siMhazAvaka vAstavika siMha usameM vAstavikatA kI dRSTi se adhika antara nahIM hotA hai| antara
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________________ 338 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 hotA hai unakI upalabdhi kI vidhi meN| eka vaijJAnika svata: prayoga kI dRSTi se vItarAgatA ko upalabdha karane ke lie vaicArika Agraha ke AdhAra para kisI satya kA udghATana kara vastutattva ke yathArtha svarUpa kA parityAga evaM anAgrahI dRSTi kA nirmANa Avazyaka hai aura isake ko jAnatA hai, kintu dUsarA vaijJAnikoM ke kathanoM para vizvAsa karake mAdhyama se prApta jJAna hI samyagjJAna hai| samyagjJAna kA artha hai- vastu vastutattva ke yathArtha svarUpa ko jAnatA hai| yadyapi yahA~ donoM kA hI ko usake ananta pahaluoM se jaannaa| dRSTikoNa yathArtha hogA, phira bhI eka ne svAnubhUti se pAyA hai to dUsare jaina dharma meM samyagjJAna kA artha Atma-anAtma kA viveka bhI ne use zraddhA ke mAdhyama se| zraddhA hI samyagdRSTi ho to bhI vaha artha hai| yaha sahI hai ki Atmatattva ko jJAna kA viSaya nahIM banAyA jA antima nahIM hai, antima artha svAnubhUti hI hai aura yahI samyagdarzana sakatA, use jJAtA-jJeya ke dvaita ke AdhAra para nahIM jAnA jA sakatA, kA vAstavika artha hai| aisA samyagdarzana hotA hai nirvikAra, nirAkula kyoMki vaha svayaM jJAna-svarUpa hai, jJAtA hai aura jJAtA kabhI jJeya nahIM cittavRtti se| bana sakatA, ata: AtmajJAna durUha hai| lekina anAtma tattva to aisA __ jaina dharma meM samyagdarzana ke nimna pA~ca lakSaNa batAye gaye haiM- hai jise hama jJAtA aura jJeya ke dvaita ke AdhAra para jAna sakate haiN| 1. sama arthAt samabhAva, 2. saMvega arthAt AtmA ke Anandamaya svarUpa sAmAnya vyakti bhI apane sAdhAraNa jJAna ke dvArA itanA to jAna hI kI anubhUti athavA satyAbhIpsA, 3. niveda arthAt anAsakti yA vairAgya, sakatA hai ki usake jJAna ke viSaya kyA haiM? aura isase vaha yaha 4. anukampA arthAt dUsare vyakti kI pIr3A ko Atmavat samajhanA niSkarSa nikAla sakatA hai ki jo usake jJAna ke viSaya haiM, ve usake aura usake prati karuNA kA bhAva rakhanA tathA 5. Astikya arthAt svasvarUpa nahIM hai, ve anAtma haiN| samyagjJAna Atma-jJAna hai, kintu puNya-pApa, punarjanma, karma-siddhAnta aura AtmA ke astitva ko svIkAra AtmA ko anAtma ke mAdhyama se hI pahacAnA jA sakatA hai| anAtma krnaa| ke svarUpa ko jAnakara anAtma se Atma kA bheda karanA, bheda-vijJAna jisa prakAra bauddha sAdhanA ke anusAra duHkha hai, duHkha kA kAraNa hai aura yahI jaina darzana meM samyagjJAna kA mUla artha hai| jainoM kI pAribhASika hai, duHkha se nivRtti ho sakatI hai aura duHkhanivRtti kA mArga hai--ina zabdAvalI meM ise bheda-vijJAna kahA jAtA hai| AcArya amRtacandra sUri cAra Arya-satyoM kI svIkRti samyagdRSTi hai, usI prakAra jaina sAdhanA ke anusAra jo koI bhI siddha hue haiM ve isa Atma-anAtma ke viveka ke anusAra SaT sthAnoM (chaha bAtoM) kI svIkRti samyagdarzana hai- yA bheda-vijJAna se hI siddha hue haiM aura jo bandhana meM haiM. ve isake (1) AtmA hai, (2) AtmA nitya hai, (3) AtmA apane karmoM kA abhAva ke kAraNa hI haiN| AcArya kundakunda ne samayasAra meM isa bheda-vijJAna kartA hai, (4) AtmA kRta karmoM ke phala kA bhoktA hai, (5) AtmA kA atyanta gahana vivecana kiyA hai| mukti prApta kara sakatA hai aura (6) makti kA upAya (mArga) hai| jaina tattva-vicAraNA ke anusAra ina SaTsthAnakoM para dRr3ha pratIti, samyagdarzana samyakcAritra kI sAdhanA kA Avazyaka aMga hai| dRSTikoNa kI vizuddhatA evaM sadAcAra jaina paramparA meM sAdhanA kA tIsarA caraNa samyakcaritra hai| isake donoM hI ina para nirbhara hai, ye SaTsthAnaka jaina sAdhanA ke kendra do rUpa mAne gae haiM-1. vyavahAracAritra aura 2. nishcycaaritr| AcaraNa kA bAhya pakSa yA AcaraNa ke vidhi-vidhAna vyavahAracAritra kahe jAte haiN| jabaki AcaraNa kI antarAtmA nizcayacAritra kahI jAtI hai| jahA~ samyagjJAna taka vyakti ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA prazna hai, nizcayAtmakacAritra dRSTikoNa kI vizuddhi para hI jJAna kI samyakta nirbhara karatI hI usakA mUlabhUta AdhAra hai| lekina jahA~ taka sAmAjika jIvana kA hai| ata: jaina sAdhanA kA dUsarA caraNa hai smygjnyaan| samyagjJAna ko prazna hai, cAritra kA bAhya pakSa hI pramukha hai| nizcaya dRSTi (Real view mukti kA sAdhana svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, lekina kauna sA jJAna mukti point) se cAritra kA saccA artha samabhAva yA samatva kI upalabdhi ke lie Avazyaka hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai| jaina darzana meM samyagjJAna hai| vastuta: cAritra kA yaha pakSa Atma-ramaNa kI sthiti hai| naizcayika ke do rUpa pAye jAte haiN| sAmAnya dRSTi se samyagjJAna vastutattva kA cAritra kA prAdurbhAva kevala apramatta avasthA meM hI hotA hai| apramatta usake ananta pahaluoM se yukta jJAna hai aura isa rUpa meM vaha vicAra cetanA kI avasthA meM hone vAle sabhI kArya zuddha hI mAne gae haiN| zaddhi kA mAdhyama hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra ekAMgI jJAna mithyAtva cetanA meM jaba rAga-dveSa, kaSAya aura vAsanAoM kI agni pUrI taraha hai, kyoMki vaha satya ke ananta pakSoM kA apalApa karatA hai| jaba taka zAnta ho jAtI hai, tabhI sacce naitika evaM dhArmika jIvana kA udbhava Agrahabuddhi hai taba taka vItarAgatA sambhava hI nahIM hai aura jaba taka hotA hai aura aisA hI sadAcAra mokSa kA kAraNa hotA hai| vItarAga dRSTi nahIM hai taba taka yathArtha jJAna bhI asambhava hai| jaina darzana vyavahAracAritra kA sambandha AcAra ke niyamoM ke paripAlana se ke anusAra satya ke ananta pahaluoM ko jAnane ke lie anekAnta hai| vyavahAracAritra ko sarvavratI aura dezavratIcAritra-aise do vargoM meM dRSTi samyagjJAna kI anivArya zarta hai| ekAnta dRSTi yA vaicArika Agraha vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| dezavratIcAritra kA sambandha gRhastha upAsakoM apane meM nihita rAga ke kAraNa satya ko raMgIna kara detA hai| ataH se aura sarvavratIcAritra kA sambandha zramaNa varga se hai| jaina paramparA meM ekAnta aura Agraha satya ke sAkSAtkAra meM bAdhaka haiN| jaina sAdhanA gRhasthAcAra ke antargata aSTamUlaguNa, SaTkarma, bAraha vrata aura gyAraha
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________________ jaina dharma ke mUlatattva * pratimAoM kA pAlana AtA hai zramaNAcAra ke antargata paMcamahAvrata, rAtri bhojana- niSedha, paMcasamiti, tIna gupti, dasa yatidharma, bAraha anuprekSAe~, bAIsa parISaha, aTThAIsa mUlaguNa, bAvana anAcAra Adi kA vivecana upalabdha hai| kintu isa sabake mUla meM ahiMsA, anekAnta aura aparigraha kI sAdhanA hI mukhya hai| jaina dharma ke kendrIya tattva ahiMsA, anAgraha aura aparigraha jaina dharma meM samyak cAritra kI dRSTi se ahiMsA aura anAsakti ye do kendrIya siddhAnta hai| vaicArika kSetra meM ahiMsA aura anAsakti milakara anAgraha yA anekAntavAda ko janma dete haiN| Agraha vaicArika Asakti hai aura ekAnta vaicArika hiMsA anAsakti kA siddhAnta hI ahiMsA se samanvita ho sAmAjika jIvana meM aparigraha kA Adeza prastuta karatA hai| saMgraha vaiyaktika jIvana ke sandarbha meM Asakti aura sAmAjika jIvana ke sandarbha meM hiMsA hai| isa prakAra jaina darzana sAmAjika naitikatA ke tIna kendrIya siddhAnta prastuta karatA hai1. ahiMsA, 2. anAgraha (vaicArika sahiSNutA ) aura 3. aparigraha (asaMgraha ) / samyagAcaraNa eka prakAra se jIvana zuddhi kA prayAsa hai, ataH mAnasika karmoM kI zuddhi ke lie anAsakti (aparigraha), vAcika karmoM kI zuddhi ke lie anekAnta (anAgraha) aura kAyika karmoM kI zuddhi ke lie ahiMsA ke pAlana kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| jaina darzana kA sAra inhIM tIna siddhAntoM meM nihita hai| jaina dharma kI paribhASA karane vAlA yaha zloka sarvAdhika pracalita ho hai-- syAdvAdo vartate'smin pakSapAto na vidyate / nAstyanyaM pIDanaM kiMcit jainadharmaH sa ucyate / / saccA jaina vahI hai jo pakSapAta (samatva) se rahita hai, anAmahI aura ahiMsaka hai| ahiMsA 3 ahiMsA jaina AcAra darzana kA prANa hai ahiMsA vaha dhurI hai| jisa para samagra jaina AcAra - vidhi ghumatI hai| jainagAmoM meM ahiMsA ko bhagavatI kahA gayA hai praznavyAkaraNasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki bhayabhItoM ko jaise zaraNa, pakSiyoM ko jaise gagana, rUSitoM ko jaise jala bhUkhoM ko jaise bhojana, samudra ke madhya jaise jahAja, rogiyoM ko jaise auSadha aura vana meM jaise sArthavAha kA sAtha AdhArabhUta hai, vaise hI ahiMsA prANiyoM ke lie AdhArabhUta hai| ahiMsA sabhI prANiyoM kA kalyANa karane vAlI hai| vaha zAzvata dharma hai, jisakA upadeza tIrthaMkara karate haiN| AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai bhUta, bhaviSya aura vartamAna ke sabhI arhat yaha upadeza karate haiM ki kisI bhI prANa, pUta, jIva aura sattva ko kisI prakAra kA paritApa, udvega yA duHkha nahIM denA cAhie, na kisI kA hanana karanA caahie| yahI zuddha, nitya aura zAzvata dharma hai / samasta loka kI pIr3A ko jAnakara arhatoM ne isakA pratipAdana kiyA hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra ke anusAra jJAnI hone ke sAra yaha hai ki kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na kre| ahiMsA hI samagra dharma kA sAra 339 hai, ise sadaiva smaraNa rakhanA caahie| dazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki sabhI prANiyoM ke hita sAdhana meM ahiMsA ke sarvazreSTha hone se mahAvIra ne isako prathama sthAna diyA hai ahiMsA ke samAna dUsarA dharma nahIM hai| AcArAMga meM ahiMsA ke siddhAnta ko manovaijJAnika AdhAra para sthApita karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| vaha kahatA hai ki sabhI prANiyoM meM jijIviSA pradhAna hai, punaH sabhI ko sukha anukUla aura duHkha pratikUla hai ahiMsA kA adhiSThAna yahI manovaijJAnika satya hai astitva aura sukha kI cAha prANIya svabhAva hai| jaina vicArakoM ne isI manovaijJAnika tathya ke AdhAra para ahiMsA ko sthApita kiyA hai| vastuta: ahiMsA jIvana ke prati sammAna, samatvabhAva evaM advaitabhAva hai| samatvabhAva se sahAnubhUti tathA advaitabhAva se AtmIyatA utpanna hotI hai aura inhIM se ahiMsA kA vikAsa hotA hai| vastutaH prANiyoM ke jIvita rahane kA naitika adhikAra hI ahiMsA ke kartavya ko janma detA hai| jIvana ke adhikAra kA sammAna hI ahiMsA hai| uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM samatva ke AdhAra para ahiMsA ke siddhAnta kI sthApanA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki bhaya aura vaira se mukta sAdhaka, jIvana kI icchA rakhane vAle sabhI prANiyoM ko sarvatra apanI AtmA ke samAna jAna kara unakI kabhI bhI hiMsA na kre| isa prakAra jaina dharma meM ahiMsA kA AdhAra Atmavat dRSTi hI hai Aja vizva zAnti kA eka mAtra vikalpa ahiMsA kI samaveta sAdhanA hai| mahAvIra ne kahA thA- 'zastra eka se bar3ha kara eka ho sakate haiM, kintu ahiMsA (azastra) se bar3hakara kucha nahIM hai| anAgraha anAgraha yA anekAnta kA siddhAnta vaicArika ahiMsA hai| anAgraha apane vicAroM kI taraha dUsare ke vicAroM kA sammAna karanA sikhAtA hai| vaha usa bhrAnti kA nirAkaraNa karatA hai ki satya mere pAsa hai, dUsare ke pAsa nahIM ho sktaa| vaha hameM yaha batAtA hai ki satya hamAre pAsa bhI ho sakatA hai aura dUsare ke pAsa bhI / satyatA kA bodha hameM hI ho sakatA hai, kevala dUsaroM ko satya kA bodha nahIM ho sakatAyaha kahane kA hameM adhikAra nahIM hai| satya kA sUrya na kevala hamAre ghara ko prakAzita karatA hai, varan dUsaroM ke gharoM ko bhI prakAzita karatA hai| vastutaH vaha sarvatra prakAzita hai| jo bhI unmukta dRSTi se use dekha pAtA hai, vaha use pA jAtA hai| satya kevala satya hai, vaha na merA hai aura na dUsare kA hai| jisa prakAra ahiMsA kA siddhAnta kahatA hai ki jIvana jahA~ kahIM ho, usakA sammAna karanA cAhie, usI prakAra anAgraha kA siddhAnta kahatA hai ki satya jahA~ bhI ho, usakA sammAna karanA caahie| vastutaH pakSAgraha kI dhAraNA se vivAda kA janma hotA hai| vyakti jaba sva-mata kI prazaMsA aura dUsaroM kI nindA karatA hai, to pariNAmasvarUpa sAmAjika jIvana meM saMgharSa kA prAdurbhAva ho jAtA hai| vaicArika Agraha na kevala vaiyaktika vikAsa ko kuNThita karatA hai, varan sAmAjika jIvana meM vigraha, viSAda aura vaimanasya ke bIja bo detA hai / sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki jo apane-apane mata .
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________________ 340 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 kI prazaMsA aura dUsare mata kI nindA karane meM hI apanA pANDitya hai| ata: Asakti ke prahANa ke lie vyAvahArika rUpa meM parigraha kA dikhAte haiM aura loka ko satya se bhaTakAte haiM, ve ekAntavAdI svayaM tyAga bhI Avazyaka hai| saMsAracakra meM bhaTakate rahate haiN| vastuta: jahA~ bhI Agrahabuddhi hogI, parigraha yA saMgrahavRtti sAmAjika hiMsA hai| jaina AcAryoM kI dRSTi vipakSa meM nihita satya kA darzana nahIM hogA aura jo vipakSa meM nihita meM samagra parigraha hiMsA se pratyutpanna hai, kyoki binA hiMsA (zoSaNa) satya nahIM dekhegA, vaha sampUrNa satya kA draSTA nahIM hogaa| jainadharma ke ke saMgraha asambhava hai| vyakti saMgraha ke dvArA dUsaroM ke hitoM kA hanana anusAra satya kA prakaTana Agraha meM nahIM, anAgraha meM hotA hai| satya karatA hai aura isa rUpa meM saMgraha yA parigraha hiMsA kA hI eka rUpa kA sAdhaka vItarAga aura anAgrahI hotA hai| jaina dharma apane anekAnta hai| anAsakti ko jIvana meM utArane ke lie jaina AcAryoM ne yaha Avazyaka ke siddhAnta ke dvArA eka anAgrahI evaM samanvayAtmaka dRSTi prastuta karatA mAnA ki manuSya bAhya-parigraha kA bhI tyAga yA parisImana kre| parigrahahai, tAki vaicArika evaM dhArmika asahiSNatA ko samApta kiyA jA ske| tyAga anAsakta dRSTi kA bAhya jIvana meM diyA gayA pramANa hai| eka ora vipula saMgraha aura dUsarI ora anAsakti, ina donoM meM koI mela anAsakti nahIM hai| yadi mana meM anAsakti kI bhAvanA kA udaya hai to use bAhya vyakti ke andara nihita Asakti do rUpoM meM prakaTa hotI haiM- vyavahAra meM anivArya rUpa se prakaTa honA caahie| jaina darzana ke anusAra 1. saMgraha-bhAvanA aura 2. bhog-bhaavnaa| saMgraha-bhAvanA aura bhoga-bhAvanA samavibhAga aura samavitaraNa sAdhanA kA Avazyaka aMga hai| isake binA se prerita hokara hI manuSya dUsaroM ke adhikAra kI vastuoM kA apaharaNa AdhyAtmika upalabdhi bhI sambhava nhiiN| ata: jaina AcAryoM ne sAdhanA karatA hai| isa prakAra Asakti bAhyataH tIna rUpoM meM prakaTa hotI hai- kI dRSTi se aparigraha ko anivArya tattva mAnA hai| 1. apaharaNa (zoSaNa), 2. bhoga aura 3. sNgrh| Asakti ke tIna isa prakAra vRtti meM anAsakti, vicAra meM anekAnta aura vyavahAra rUpoM kA nigraha karane ke lie jaina AcAra darzana meM asteya, brahmacarya meM ahiMsA jaina sAdhanA kA sAra haiN| jaina sAdhaka sadaiva hI yaha prArthanA aura aparigraha mahAvratoM kA vidhAna hai| saMgrahavRtti kA aparigraha se, karatA haibhogavRtti kA brahmacarya se aura apaharaNavRtti kA asteya mahAvrata se satveSu maitrI, guNISu pramodaM, kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpaaprtvN| nigraha hotA hai| jaina AcAryoM ne jisa aparigraha ke siddhAnta kA pratipAdana mAdhyasthabhAvaM viparItavRttau sadAmamAtmA viddhAtu dev|| kiyA, usake mUla meM yahI anAsakti kI jIvana dRSTi kArya kara rahI he prabhu! mere hRdaya meM prANImAtra ke prati maitrIbhAva, guNIjanoM ke hai| yadyapi Asakti eka mAnasika tathya hai, mana kI hI eka vRtti hai, prati samAdarabhAva, duHkhiyoM ke prati karuNAbhAva aura virodhiyoM ke prati tathApi usakA prakaTana bAhya hai| vaha sAmAjika jIvana ko dRSita karatI madhyastha bhAva banA rhe|