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________________ jainadharma kA prANa brAhmaNa aura zramaNa paraMparA abhI jainadharma nAma se jo zrAcAra-vicAra pahacAnA jAtA hai vaha bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke samaya meM khAsa kara mahAvIra ke samaya meM niggaMTha dhamma-nirgrantha dharma nAma se bhI pahacAnA jAtA thA, parantu vaha zramaNa dharma bhI kahalAtA hai / aMtara hai to itanA hI hai ki ekamAtra jainadharma hI zramaNa dharma nahIM hai, zramaNa dharma kI aura bhI aneka zAkhAe~ bhUtakAla meM thIM aura aba bhI bauddha Adi kucha zAkhAe~ jIvita haiN| nigrantha dharma yA jainadharma meM zramaNa dharma ke sAmAnya lakSaNoM ke hote hue bhI AcAra-vicAra kI kucha aisI vizeSatAe~ haiM jo usako zramaNa dharma kI anya zAstrAnoM se pRthak karatI haiN| jaina dharma ke prAcAra-vicAra kI aisI vizeSatAoM ko jAnane ke pUrva acchA yaha hogA ki hama prAraMbha meM hI zramaNa dharma kI vizeSatA ko bhalIbhA~ti jAna leM jo use brAhmaNa dharma se alaga karatI haiN| prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti kA paTa aneka va vividharaMgI hai, jisameM aneka dharma paraMparAoM ke raGga mizrita haiN| isameM mukhyatayA dhyAna meM AnevAlI do dharma paramparAe~ haiM--(1) brAhmaNa (2)zramaNa / ina do paramparAoM ke paurvAparya tathA sthAna Adi vivAdAspada praznoM ko na uThAkara, kevala aise muddoM para thor3I sI carcA kI jAtI hai, jo sarva saMmata jaise haiM tathA jinase zramaNa dharma kI mUla bhittI ko pahacAnanA aura usake dvArA nirgrantha yA jainadharma ko samajhanA sarala ho jAtA hai| vaiSamya aura sAmya dRSTi-- __brAhmaNa aura zramaNa paramparAoM ke bIca choTe-bar3e aneka viSayoM meM maulika aMtara hai, para usa aMtara ko saMkSepa meM kahanA ho to itanA hI kahanA paryApta hai ki brAhmaNa-vaidika paramparA vaiSamya para pratiSThita hai, jaba ki zramaNa paramparA sAmya para pratiSThita hai| yaha vaiSamya aura sAmya mukhyatayA tIna bAtoM meM dekhA jAtA hai(1) samAjaviSayaka (2) sAdhyaviSayaka aura (3) prANI jagat ke prati dRSTi viSayaka / samAja viSayaka vaiSamya kA artha hai ki samAja racanA meM tathA dharmAdhi
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________________ jaina dharma kA prANa 117 kAra meM varNa kA janmasiddha zreSThatva va mukhyatva tathA itara varNoM kA brAhmaNa kI apekSA kaniSThatva va gauNatva / brAhmaNa dharma kA vAstavika sAdhya hai zrabhyudaya, jo aihika samRddhi, rAjya aura putra, pazu Adi ke nAnAvidha lAbhoM meM tathA indrapada, svargIya sukha Adi nAnAvidha pAralaukika phaloM ke lAbhoM meM samAtA hai / abhyudaya kA sAdhana mukhyatayA yazadharma arthAt nAnAvidha yajJa haiN|' isa dharma meM pazu-pakSI Adi kI bali anivArya mAnI gaI hai aura kahA gayA hai ki vedavihita hiMsA dharma kAhI hetu hai / isa vidhAna meM bali kiye jAnevAle niraparAdha pazu-pakSI zrAdi ke prati spaSTatayA AtmasAmya ke abhAva kI arthAt AtmavaiSamya kI dRSTi hai / isake viparIta ukta tInoM bAtoM meM zramaNa dharma kA sAmya isa prakAra haiM / zramaNa dharma samAja meM kisI bhI varNa kA janmasiddha zreSThatva na mAnakara guNa-karmakRta hI zreSThatva va kaniSThatva mAnatA hai, isalie vaha samAja racanA tathA dharmAdhikAra meM janmasiddha varNa bheda kA Adara na karake guNa karma ke AdhAra para hI sAmAjika vyavasthA karatA hai / ataeva usakI dRSTi meM sadguNI zUdra bhI durguNI brAhmaNa Adi se zreSTha hai, aura dhArmika kSetra meM yogyatA ke AdhAra para hara eka varNa kA puruSa yA strI samAna rUpa se ucca pada kA adhikArI haiM / zramaNa dharma kA aMtima sAdhya brAhmaNa dharma kI taraha abhyudaya na hokara niHzreyasa hai / niHzreyasa kA artha hai ki aihika pAralaukika nAnAvidha satra lAbhoM kA tyAga siddha karanevAlI aisI sthiti, jisameM pUrNa sAmya prakaTa hotA hai aura koI kisI se kama yogya yA adhika yogya rahane nahIM pAtA / jIva jagat ke prati zramaNa dharma kI dRSTi pUrNa zrAtma sAmya kI hai, jisameM na kevala pazu-pakSI Adi yA kITa-pataMga Adi jantu kA hI samAveza hotA hai kintu vanaspati jaise ati kSudra jIva varga kA bhI samAveza hotA hai| isameM kisI bhI dehadhArI kA kisI bhI nimitta se kiyA jAnevAlA vadha zrAtmavadha jaisA hI mAnA gayA hai aura vadha mAtra ko adharma kA hetu mAnA hai / brAhmaNa paramparA mUla meM 'brahman' ke AsapAsa zurU aura vikasita huI hai, jaba ki zramaNa paramparA 'sama' - sAmya, zama aura zrama ke AsapAsa zurU evaM vikasita huI hai / brahman ke aneka arthoM meM se prAcIna do artha isa jagaha dhyAna dene yogya haiM / 1 "karmaphala bAhulyAcca putrasvarga brahmavarcasAdilakSaNasya karmaphalasyAsaMkhyeyatvAt tatprati ca puruSANAM kAmabAhulyAt tadarthaH zruterapi ko yatnaH karmasUpapadyate / " - taitti0 1-11 / zAMkarabhASya ( pUnA ASTekara ka0 ) pR0 353 / yahI bAta "pariNAmatApasaMskAraiH guNavRttivirodhAt" ityAdi yogasUtra tathA usake bhASya meM kahI hai / sAMkhyatattvakaumudI meM bhI hai jo mUla kArikA kA spaSTIkaraNa mAtra hai /
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________________ 118 jaina dharma aura darzana (1) stuti, prArthanA, (2) yajJa yAgAdi karma / vaidika maMtroM evaM sUktoM ke dvArA jo nAnAvidha stutiyA~ aura prArthanAe~ kI jAtI haiM vaha brahman kahalAtA hai / isI taraha vaidika maMtroM ke viniyoga vAlA yajJa yAgAdi karma bhI brahman kahalAtA hai| vaidika maMtroM aura sUktoM kA pATha karanevAlA purohita varga aura yajJa yAgAdi karAnevAlA purohita varga hI brAhmaNa hai / vaidika maMtroM ke dvArA kI jAnevAlI stuti - prArthanA evaM yajJa yAgAdi karma kI prati pratiSThA ke sAtha hI sAtha purohita varga kA samAja meM evaM tatkAlIna dharma meM aisA prAdhAnya sthira huA ki jisase vaha brAhmaNa varga apane Apako janma se hI zreSTha mAnane lagA aura samAja meM bhI bahudhA vahI mAnyatA sthira huI jisake AdhAra para varga bheda kI mAnyatA rUr3ha huI aura kahA gayA ki samAjapuruSa kA mukha brAhmaNa hai aura itara varNa anya aMga haiN| isake viparIta zramaNa dharma yaha mAnatA manavAtA thA ki sabhI sAmAjika strI-puruSa satkarma evaM dharmapada ke samAna rUpa se adhikArI haiN| jo prayatnapUrvaka yogyatA lAbha karatA hai vaha varga evaM liMgabheda ke binA hI gurupada kA adhikArI bana sakatA hai / yaha sAmAjika evaM dhArmika samatA kI mAnyatA jisa taraha brAhmaNa dharma kI mAnyatA se bilakula viruddha thI usI taraha sAdhyaviSayaka donoM kI mAnyatA bhI paraspara viruddha rahI / zramaNa dharma aihika yA pAralaukika abhyudaya ko sarvathA heya mAna kara niHzreyasa ko hI eka mAtra upAdeya mAnane kI ora agrasara thA aura isIlie vaha sAdhya kI taraha sAdhanAgata sAmya para bhI utanA hI bhAra dene lagA / niHzreyasa ke sAdhanoM meM mukhya hai hiMsA | kisI bhI prANI kI kisI bhI prakAra se hiMsA na karanA yahI niHzreyasa kA mukhya sAdhana hai, jisameM anya saba sAdhanoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| yaha sAdhanAta sAmyadRSTi hiMsApradhAna yajJa yAgAdi karma kI dRSTi se bilakula viruddha hai / isa taraha brAhmaNa aura zramaNa dharma kA vaiSamya aura sAmyamUlaka itanA virodha hai ki jisase donoM dharmoM ke bIca pada-pada para saMgharSa kI saMbhAvanA hai, jo sahasroM varSoM ke itihAsa meM lipibaddha hai / yaha purAnA virodha brAhmaNa kAla meM bhI thA aura buddha evaM mahAvIra ke samaya meM tathA isake bAda bhI / isI ciraMtana virodha ke pravAha ko mahAbhASyakAra pataMjali ne apanI vANI meM vyakta kiyA hai| vaiyAkaraNa pANini ne sUtra meM zAzvata virodha kA nirdeza kiyA hai / patajali zAzvata' - janma siddha virodha vAle zrahi-nakula, govyAghra jaise dvandvoM ke udAharaNa dete hue sAtha-sAtha brAhmaNa-zramaNa kA bhI udAharaNa dete haiM / yaha ThIka hai ki hajAra prayatna karane para bhI ahi-nakula yA go-yAtrA kA virodha nirmUla nahIM ho sakatA, jaba ki 1. mahAbhASya 2.4. 6 /
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________________ jaina dharma kA prANa 119 prayatna karane para brAhmaNa aura zramaNa kA virodha nirmUla ho jAnA saMbhava hai aura itihAsa meM kucha udAharaNa aise upalabdha bhI hue haiM jinameM brAhmaNa aura zramaNa ke bIca kisI bhI prakAra kA vaimanasya yA virodha dekhA nahIM jaataa| parantu pataMjali kA brAhmaNa-zramaNa kA zAzvata virodha viSayaka kathana vyaktiparaka na hokara vargaparaka hai / kucha vyaktiyA~ aisI saMbhava haiM jo aise virodha se pare huI haiM yA ho sakatI haiM parantu sArA brAhmaNa varga yA sArA zramaNa varga maulika virodha se pare nahIM hai yahI pataMjali kA tAtparya hai / 'zAzvata' zabda kA artha avicala na hokara prAvAhika itanA hI abhipreta hai| pataMjali se aneka zatAbdiyoM ke bAda honevAle jaina prAcArya hemacaMdra ne bhI brAhmaNa-zramaNa udAharaNa dekara pataMjali ke anubhava kI yathArthatA para muhara lagAI hai / zrAja isa samAjavAdI yuga meM bhI hama yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki brAhmaNa aura zramaNa varga ke bIca virodha kA bIja nirmUla huA hai / isa sAre virodha kI jar3a Upara sUcita vaiSamya aura sAmya kI dRSTi kA pUrva-pazcima jaisA antara hI hai| paraspara prabhAva aura samanvaya--- ___ brAhmaNa aura zramaNa paraMparA paraspara eka dUsare ke prabhAva se bilakula achUtI nahIM hai / choTI-moTI bAtoM meM eka kA prabhAva dUsare para nyUnAdhika mAtrA meM par3A huA dekhA jAtA hai / udaharaNArtha zramaNa dharma kI sAmyadRSTimUlaka ahiMsA bhAvanA kA brAhmaNa paramparA para kramazaH itanA prabhAva par3A hai ki jisase yajJIya hiMsA kA samarthana kevala purAnI zAstrIya cacAoM kA viSaya mAtra raha gayA hai, vyavahAra meM yajJIya hiMsA luta sI ho gaI hai| ahiMsA va "sarvabhUtahite rataH" siddhAMta kA pUrA aAgraha rakhanevAlI sAMkhya, yoga, aupaniSada, avadhUta, sAtvata Adi jina paramparAoM ne brAhmaNa paramparA ke prANabhUta veda viSayaka prAmANya aura brAhmaNa varNa ke purohita va guru pada kA AtyaMtika virodha nahIM kiyA ve paramparAe~ kramazaH brAhmaNa dharma ke sarvasaMgrAhaka kSetra meM eka yA dUsare rUpa meM mila gaI haiM / isake viparIta jaina bauddha zrAdi jina paramparAnoM ne vaidika prAmANya aura brAhmaNa varNa ke guru pada ke viruddha AtyaMtika aAgraha rakhA ve paramparAe~ yadyapi sadA ke lie brAhmaNa dharma se alaga hI rahI haiM phira bhI unake zAstra evaM nivRtti dharma para brAhmaNa paramparA kI lokasaMgrAhaka vRtti kA eka yA dUsare rUpa meM prabhAva avazya par3A hai / zramaNa paraMparA ke pravartaka zramaNa dharma ke mUla pravartaka kauna-kauna the, ve kahA~-kahA~ aura kaba hue isakA 1. siddhahaima0 3. 1. 141 /
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________________ 120 jaina dharma aura darzana yathArtha aura pUrA itihAsa adyAvadhi azAta hai para hama upalabdha sAhitya ke AdhAra se itanA to niHzaMka kaha sakate haiM ki nAbhiputra RSabha tathA Adi vidvAn kapila ye sAmya dharma ke purAne aura prabala samarthaka the / yahI kAraNa hai ki unakA yUrA itihAsa aMdhakAra-grasta hone para bhI paurANika paramparA meM se unakA nAma lusa nahIM huA hai| brAhmaNa-purANa granthoM meM RSabha kA ullekha ugra tapasvI ke rUpa meM hai sahI para unakI pUrI pratiSThA to kevala jaina paramparA meM hI hai, jaba ki kapila kA RSi rUpa se nirdeza jaina kathA sAhitya meM hai phira bhI unakI pUrNa pratiSThA to sAMkhya paraMparA meM tathA sAMkhyamUlaka purANa graMthoM meM hI hai| RSabha aura kapila Adi dvArA jisa Atmaupamya bhAvanA kI aura tanmUlaka ahiMsA dharma kI pratiSThA jamI thI usa bhAvanA aura dharma kI poSaka aneka zAkhA-prazAkhAe~ thIM jinameM se koI bAhya tapa para, to koI dhyAna para, to koI mAtra cittazuddhi yA asaMgatA para adhika bhAra detI thii| para sAmya yA samatA sabakA samAna dhyeya thA / jisa zAkhA ne sAmyasiddhi mUlaka ahiMsA ko siddha karane ke lie aparigraha para adhika bhAra diyA aura usI meM se agAra-gRha-grantha yA aparigraha baMdhana ke tyAga para adhika bhAra diyA aura kahA ki jaba taka parivAra evaM parigraha kA baMdhana ho taba taka kabhI pUrNa ahiMsA yA pUrNa sAbhya siddha nahIM ho sakatA, zramaNa dharma kI vahI zAkhA nimrantha nAma se prasiddha huI / isake pradhAna pravartaka neminAtha tathA pArzvanAtha hI jAna par3ate haiN| vItarAgatA kA Agraha ahiMsA kI bhAvanA ke sAtha sAtha tapa aura tyAga kI bhAvanA anivArya rUpa se nigrantha dharma meM athita to ho hI gaI thI parantu sAdhakoM ke mana meM yaha prazna utpanna huA ki bAhya tyAga para adhika bhAra dene se kyA Atmazuddhi yA sAmya pUrNatayA siddha honA saMbhava hai ? isI ke uttara meM se yaha vicAra phalita huA ki rAga dveSa zrAdi malina vRttiyoM para vijaya pAnA hI mukhya sAdhya hai| isa sAdhya kI siddhi jisa ahiMsA, jisa tapa yA jisa tyAga se na ho sake vaha ahiMsA, tapa yA tyAga kaisA hI kyoM na ho para AdhyAtmika dRSTi se anupayogI hai / iso vicAra ke pravartaka 'jina' kahalAne lge| aise jina aneka hue haiM / saccaka, buddha, gozAlaka aura mahAvIra ye saba apanI-apanI paramparA meM jina rUpa se prasiddha rahe haiM paraMtu Aja jinakathita jainadharma kahane se mukhyatayA mahAvIra ke dharma kA hI bodha hotA hai jo rAga-dveSa ke vijaya para hI mukhyatayA bhAra detA hai|
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________________ jaina dharma kA prANa 121 dharma vikAsa kA itihAsa kahatA hai ki uttarottara udaya meM zrAnevAlI naI-naI dharma kI avasthA meM usa usa dharma kI purAnI virodhI avasthAoM kA samAveza avazya rahatA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki jainadharma nirgrantha dharmaM bhI hai aura zramaNa dharma bhI hai / zramaNa dharma kI sAmyadRSTi hameM dekhanA yaha hai ki zramaNa dharma kI prANabhUta sAmya bhAvanA kA jaina paramparA meM kyA sthAna hai ? jaina zruta rUpa se prasiddha dvAdazAMgI yA caturdaza pUrva meM 'sAmAiya' - 'sAmAyika' kA sthAna prathama haiM, jo AcArAMga sUtra kahalAtA hai / jainadharma ke aMtima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke AcAra-vicAra kA sIdhA aura spaSTa pratibimba mukhyatayA usI sUtra meM dekhane ko milatA hai| isameM jo kucha kahA gayA hai usa saba meM sAmya, samatA yA sama para hI pUrNatayA bhAra diyA gayA hai| 'sAmAiya' isa prAkRta yA mAgadhI zabda kA saMbaMdha sAmya, samatA yA sama se hai / sAmyadRSTimUlaka aura sAmyadRSTipoSaka jo-jo AcAra-vicAra hoM ve saca sAmAiya-sAmAyika rUpa se jaina paramparA meM sthAna pAte haiM / jaise brAhmaNa paramparA meM saMdhyA eka Avazyaka karma hai vaise hI jaina paramparA meM bhI gRhastha aura tyAgI saba ke lie chaH zrAvazyaka karma batalAe haiM jinameM mukhya sAmAiya hai / agara sAmAiya na ho to aura koI Avazyaka sArthaka nahIM hai gRhastha yA tyAgI apaneapane adhikArAnusAra jaba jaba dhArmika jIvana ko svIkAra karatA hai taba-taba vaha 'karemi bhaMte ! sAmAiyaM' aisI pratijJA karatA hai van ! maiM samatA yA samabhAva ko svIkAra karatA hU~ / isa samatA kA vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa Age ke dUsare pada meM kiyA gayA hai| usameM kahA hai ki maiM sAvadyayoga arthAt pApa vyApAra kA yathAzakti tyAga karatA hU~ / 'sAmAiya' kI aisI pratiSThA hone ke kAraNa sAtavIM sadI ke suprasiddha vidvAn jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne usa para vizeSAvazyakabhASya nAmaka ati vistRta antha likhakara batalAyA hai ki dharma ke aMgabhUta zraddhA, jJAna aura cAritra ye tInoM hI sAmAiya haiM / / / isakA artha hai ki he bhaga saccI vIratA ke viSaya meM jainadharma, gItA aura gAMdhIjI sAMkhya, yoga aura bhAgavata jaisI anya paraMparAoM meM pUrvakAla se sAmyadRSTi kI jo pratiSThA thI usI kA AdhAra lekara bhagavadgItAkAra ne gItA kI racanA kI hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki hama gItA meM sthAna-sthAna para samadarzI, sAmya, samatA jaise zabdoM ke dvArA sAmyadRSTi kA hI samarthana pAte haiN| gItA aura cArAMga kI sAmya bhAvanA mUla meM eka hI hai, phira bhI vaha paraMparAbheda se
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________________ 122 jaina dharma aura darzana anyAnya bhAvanAoM ke sAtha milakara bhinna ho gaI hai / arjuna ko sAmya bhAvanA ke prabala Avega ke samaya bhI bhaikSya jIvana svIkAra karane se gItA rokatI hai aura zastra yuddha kA Adeza karatI hai, jaba ki AcArAMga sUtra arjuna ko aisA Adeza na karake yahI kahegA ki agara tuma sacamuca kSatriya vIra ho to sAmyadRSTi Ane para hiMsaka zastra yuddha nahIM kara sakate balki bhaikSyajIvanapUrvaka AdhyAtmika zatru ke sAtha yuddha ke dvArA hI saccA kSatriyatva siddha kara sakate ho|' isa kathana kI dyotaka bharata-bAhubalI kI kathA jaina sAhitya meM prasiddha hai, jisameM kahA gayA hai ki sahodara bharata ke dvArA ugra prahAra pAne ke bAda bAhubalI ne jaba pratikAra ke lie hAtha uThAyA tabhI samabhAva kI vRtti prakaTa huI / usa vRtti ke Avega meM bAhubalI ne bhaikSya jIvana svIkAra kiyA para pratiprahAra karake na to bharata kA badalA cukAyA aura na usase apano nyAyocita rAjyabhAga lene kA socA / gAMdhIjI ne gItA aura prAcArAMga Adi meM pratipAdita sAmya bhAva ko apane jIvana meM yathArtha rUpa se vikasita kiyA aura usake bala para kahA ki mAnavasaMhAraka yuddha to chor3o, para sAmya yA cittazuddhi ke bala para hI anyAya ke pratikAra kA mArga bhI grahaNa kro| purAne saMnyAsa yA tyAgI jIvana kA aisA artha vikAsa gAMdhIjI ne samAja meM pratiSThita kiyA hai| sAbhyaSTi aura anekAntavAda __ jaina paraMparA kA sAmya dRSTi para itanA adhika bhAra hai ki usane sAmya dRSTi ko hI brAhmaNa paraMparA meM labdhapratiSTha brahma kahakara sAmyadRSTipoSaka sAre prAcAra vicAra ko 'brahmacarya'-'bambhacerAI' kahA hai, jaisA ki cauddha paraMparA ne maitrI Adi bhAvanAoM ko brahmavihAra kahA hai / itanA hI nahIM para dhammapada 2 aura zAMti parva kI taraha jaina grantha' meM bhI samatva dhAraNa karanevAle zramaNa ko hI brAhmaNa kahakara zramaNa aura brAhmaNa ke bIca kA aMtara miTAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| __sAmyadRSTi jaina paramparA meM mukhyatayA do prakAra se vyakta huI hai-1) AcAra meM aura (2) vicAra meM / jaina dharma kA bAhya-Abhyantara, sthUla-sUkSma satra prAcAra sAmya dRSTi mUlaka ahiMsA ke kendra ke AsapAsa hI nirmita huA hai / jisa prAcAra ke dvArA ahiMsA kI rakSA aura puSTi na hotI ho aise kisI bhI prAcAra ko jaina paramparA mAnya nahIM rkhtii| yadyapi saba dhArmika paramparAoM ne ahiMsA tattva para ... 1. zrAcArAMga 1-5-3 / 2. brAhANa varga 26 / 3. untarAdhyayana 25 /
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________________ jaina dharma kA prANa 123 nyUnAdhika bhAra diyA hai para jaina paramparA ne usa tattva para jitanA bhAra diyA hai aura use jitanA vyApaka banAyA hai, utanA bhAra aura utanI vyApakatA anya dharma paramparA meM dekhI nahIM jaatii| manuSya, pazu-pakSI kITa-pataMga, aura vanaspati hI nahIM balki pArthiva jalIya Adi sUkSmAtisUkSma jantuoM taka kI hiMsA se Atmaupamya kI bhAvanA dvArA nivRtta hone ke lie kahA gayA hai / vicAra meM sAmya dRSTi kI bhAvanA para jo bhAra diyA gayA hai usI meM se ane. kAnta dRSTi yA vibhajyavAda kA janma huA hai| kevala apanI dRSTi yA vicAra saraNI ko hI pUrNa antima satya mAnakara usa para Agraha rakhanA yaha sAmya dRSTi ke lie ghAtaka hai| isalie kahA gayA hai ki dUsaroM kI dRSTi kA bhI utanA hI zrAdara karanA jitanA apanI dRSTi kA / yahI sAmya dRSTi anekAntavAda kI bhUmikA hai| isa bhUmikA meM se hI bhASA pradhAna syAdvAda aura vicArapradhAna nayavAda kA kramazaH vikAsa huaA hai / yaha nahIM hai ki anyAnya paramparAoM meM anekAnta dRSTi kA sthAna hI na ho| mImAMsaka aura kapila darzana ke uparAMta nyAya darzana meM bhI anekAntavAda kA sthAna hai| buddha bhagavAn kA vibhajyavAda aura madhyamamArga bhI anekAnta dRSTi ke hI phala haiM; phira bhI jaina paramparA ne jaise ahiMsA para atyadhika bhAra diyA hai vaise hI usane anekAnta dRSTi para bhI atyadhika bhAra diyA hai| isalie jaina paramparA meM AcAra yA vicAra kA koI bhI viSaya aisA nahIM hai jisa para anekAnta dRSTi lAgU na kI gaI ho yA jo anekAnta dRSTi kI maryAdA se bAhara ho| yahI kAraNa hai ki anyAnya paramparAoM ke vidvAnoM ne anekAMta dRSTi ko mAnate hue bhI usa para svataMtra sAhitya racA nahIM hai, jaba ki jaina paramparA ke vidvAnoM ne usake aMgabhUta syAdvAda, nayavAda Adi ke bodhaka aura samarthaka vipula svataMtra sAhitya kA nirmANa kiyA hai| ahiMsA hiMsA se nivRtta honA hI ahiMsA hai / yaha vicAra taba taka pUrA samajha meM zrA nahIM sakatA jaba taka yaha na batalAyA jAe ki hiMsA kisa kI hotI hai tathA hiMsA kauna va kisa kAraNa se karatA hai aura usakA pariNAma kyA hai| isI prazna ko spaSTa samajhAne kI dRSTi se mukhyatayA cAra vidyAe~ jaina paramparA meM phalita huI haiM-(1) aAtmavidyA (2) karmavidyA (3) caritravidyA aura (4) lokavidyA / isI taraha anekAMta dRSTi ke dvArA mukhyatayA zrutavidyA aura pramANa vidyA kA nirmANa va poSaNa huA hai / isa prakAra ahiMsA, anekAMta aura tanmUlaka vidyAyeM hI jainadharma kA prANa hai jisa para Age saMkSepa meM vicAra kiyA jAtA hai /
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________________ 124 jaina dharma aura darzana AtmavidyA aura utkrAntivAda pratyeka zrAtmA cAhe vaha pRthvIgata, jalagata yA vanaspatigata ho yA kITa-pataMga pazu-pakSI rUpa ho yA mAnava rUpa ho vaha saba tAttvika dRSTi se samAna hai / yahI jaina prAtmavidyA kA sAra hai / samAnatA ke isa saiddhAntika vicAra ko amala meM lAnAuse yathAsaMbhava jIvana ke vyavahAra ke pratyeka kSetra meM utArane kA apramatta bhAva se prayatna karanA yahI ahiMsA hai / AtmavidyA kahatI ki yadi jIvana-vyavahAra meM sAmya kA anubhava na ho to AtmasAmya kA siddhAnta korA vAda mAtra hai| samAnatA ke siddhAnta ko amalI banAne ke lie hI AcArAMga sUtra ke adhyayana meM kahA gayA hai ki jaise tuma apane duHkha kA anubhava karate ho vaisA hI para duHkha kA anu. bhava kro| arthAt anya ke duHkha kA AtmIya duHkha rUpa se saMvedana na ho to ahiMsA siddha honA saMbhava nahIM / jaise Atma samAnatA ke tAttvika vicAra meM se ahiMsA ke prAcAra kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai vaise hI usI vicAra meM se jaina paramparA meM yaha bhI AdhyAtmika maMtavya phalita huA hai ki jIvagata zArIrika, mAnasika zrAdi vaiSamya kitanA hI kyoM na ho para AgaMtuka hai-karmamUlaka hai, vAstavika nahIM hai| ataeva kSudra se tudra avasthA meM par3A huA jIva bhI kabhI mAnavakoTi meM A sakatA hai aura mAnavakoTigata jIva bhI tudratama vanaspati avasthA meM jA sakatA hai, itanA hI nahIM balki vanaspati jIva vikAsa ke dvArA manuSya kI taraha kamI sarvathA baMdhanamukta ho sakatA hai| U~ca-nIca gati yA yoni kA evaM sarvathA mukti kA aAdhAra eka mAtra karma hai / jaisA karma, jaisA saMskAra yA jaisI vAsanA vaisI hI AtmA kI avasthA, para tAttvika rUpa se saba AtmAoM kA svarUpa sarvathA eka-sA hai jo naiSkarmya avasthA meM pUrNa rUpa se prakaTa hotA hai / yahI AtmasAmyamUlaka utkrAntivAda hai / sAMkhya, yoga, cauddha Adi dvaitavAdI ahiMsA samarthaka paramparAoM kA aura aura bAtoM meM jaina paramparA ke sAtha jo kucha matabheda ho para ahiMsApradhAna AcAra tathA utkrAntivAda ke viSaya meM saba kA pUrNa aikamatya hai| prAtmAdvaitavAdo aupaniSada paramparA ahiMsA kA samarthana samAnatA ke siddhAnta para nahIM para advaita ke siddhAnta para karatI hai / vaha kahatI hai ki tatva rUpa se jaise tuma vaise hI anya sabhI jIva zuddha brahma-eka brahArUpa haiM / jo jIvoM kA pArasparika bheda dekhA jAtA hai vaha vAstavita na hokara avidyAmUlaka hai| isalie anya jIvoM ko apane se abhinna hI samajhanA cAhie aura anya ke duHkha ko apanA duHkha samajha kara hiMsA se nivRtta honA caahie|
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________________ jaina dharma kA prANa 125 dvaitavAdI jaina zrAdi paramparAoM ke aura advaitavAdI paramparA ke bIca aMtara kevala itanA hI hai ki pahalI paraMparAe~ pratyeka jIvAtmA kA vAstavika bheda mAna kara bhI una saba meM tAttvika rUpa se samAnatA svIkAra karake ahiMsA kA udbodhana karatI haiM, jaba ki advaita paramparA jIvAtmAnoM ke pArasparika bheda ko hI mithyA mAnakara unameM tAvika rUpa se pUrNa abheda mAnakara usake AdhAra para ahiMsA kA udbodhana karatI haiM / advaita paramparA ke anusAra bhinna-bhinna yoni aura bhinnabhinna gativAle jIvoM meM dikhAI denevAle bheda kA mUla adhiSThAna eka zuddha akhaMDa brahma hai, jaba ki jaina jaisI dvaitavAdI paramparAtroM ke anusAra pratyeka jIvAtmA tattva rUpa se svataMtra aura zuddha brahma hai / eka paramparA ke anusAra akhaMDa eka brahma meM se nAnAjIva kI suSTi huI hai jaba ki dUsarI paramparAoM ke anusAra judejude svataMtra aura samAna aneka zuddha brahma hI aneka jIva haiM : dvaitamUlaka samAnatA ke siddhAnta meM se hI advaitamUlaka aikya kA siddhAnta kramazaH vikasita huA jAna par3atA hai parantu ahiMsA kA AcAra aura AdhyAtmika utkrAntivAda advaitavAda meM bhI dvaitavAda ke vicAra ke anusAra hI ghaTAyA gayA hai| vAda koI bhI ho para ahiMsA kI dRSTi se mahattva kI bAta eka hI hai ki anya jIvoM ke sAtha samAnatA yA abheda kA vAstavika saMvedana honA hI ahiMsA kI bhAvanA kA udgama hai| karmavidyA aura baMdha-mokSa jaba tattvataH saba jIvAtmA samAna haiM to phira unameM paraspara vaiSamya kyoM, tathA eka hI jIvAtmA meM kAla meda se vaiSamya kyoM ? isa prazna ke uttara meM se hI karmavidyA kA janma huA hai / jaisA karma vaisI avasthA yaha mAnyatA vaiSamya kA spaSTIkaraNa to kara detI hai, para sAtha hI sAtha yaha bhI kahatI hai ki acchA yA burA kama karane evaM na karane meM jIva hI svataMtra hai, jaisA vaha cAhe vaisA sat yA asat puruSArtha kara sakatA hai aura vahI apane vartamAna aura bhAvI kA nirmAtA hai / karmaH vAda kahatA hai ki vartamAna kA nirmANa bhUta ke AdhAra para aura bhaviSya kA nirmANa vartamAna ke AdhAra para hotA hai| tInoM kAla kI pArasparika saMgati karmavAda para hI avalaMbita hai / yahI punarjanma ke vicAra kA AdhAra hai| vastutaH ajJAna aura rAga-dveSa hI karma hai / apane parAye kI vAstavika pratIti na honA ajJAna yA jaina paramparA ke anusAra darzana moha hai / isI ko sAMkhya, bauddha Adi anya paramparAoM meM avidyA kahA hai| ajJAna-janita iSTAniSTa kI kalpanAoM ke kAraNa jo-jo vRttiyA~, yA jo-jo vikAra paidA hote haiM vahI saMkSepa meM rAga-dveSa kahe gae haiN| yadyapi rAga-dveSa hI hiMsA ke preraka haiM para vastutaH saba kI
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________________ 126 jaina dharma aura darzana jar3a ajJAna-darzana moha yA avidyA hI hai, isalie hiMsA kI asalI jar3a ajJAna hI hai / isa viSaya meM AtmavAdI saba paraparAe~ ekamata haiN| Upara jo karma kA svarUpa batalAyA hai vaha jaina paribhASA meM bhAva karma hai aura vaha Atmagata saMskAra vizeSa hai| yaha bhAvakarma AtmA ke irdagirda sadA vartamAna aise sUkSmAtisUkSma bhautika paramANugoM ko zrAkRSTa karatA hai aura use viziSTa rUpa arpita karatA hai| viziSTa rUpa prApta yaha bhautika paramANu puMja hI dravyakarma yA kArmaNa zarIra kahalAtA hai jo janmAntara meM jIva ke sAtha jAtA hai aura sthUla zarIra ke nirmANa kI bhUmikA banatA hai| Upara-Upara se dekhane para mAlUma hotA hai ki dravyakarma kA vicAra jaina paraMparA kI karmavidyA meM hai, para anya paraMparA kI karmavidyA meM vaha nahIM hai, parantu sUkSmatA se dekhanevAlA jAna sakatA hai ki vastutaH aisA nahIM hai| saukhya-yoga, vedAnta Adi paraMparAoM meM janmajanmAntaragAmI sUkSma yA liMga zarIra kA varNana hai| yaha zarIra antaHkaraNa, abhimAna mana zrAdi prAkRta yA mAyika tattvoM kA banA huA mAnA gayA hai jo vAstava meM jaina paraMparAsaMmata bhautika kArmaNa zarIra ke hI sthAna meM hai| sUkSma yA kArmaNa zarIra kI mUla kalpanA eka hI hai / antara hai to usake varNana prakAra meM aura nyUnAdhika vistAra meM evaM vargIkaraNa meM, jo hajAroM varNa se judA-judA vicAra-ciMtana karane vAlI paraMparAoM meM honA svAbhAvika hai| isa taraha hama dekhate haiM to AtmavAdI saba paraMparAoM meM punarjanma ke kAraNa rUpa se karmatattva kA svIkAra hai aura janmajanmAntaragAmI bhautika zarIrarUpa dravyakarma kA bhI svIkAra hai / nyAya vaizeSika paraMparA jisameM aise sUkSma zarIra kA koI khAsa svIkAra nahIM hai usane bhI janmajanmAntaragAmo aNurUpa mana ko svIkAra karake dravya karma ke vicAra ko apanAyA hai| punarjanma aura karma kI mAnyatA ke bAda jaba mokSa kI kalpanA bhI tattvaciMtana meM sthira huI taba se abhI taka kI baMdha-mokSavAdI bhAratIya tattvaciMtakoM kI prAtmasvarUpa-viSayaka mAnyatAe~ kaisI-kaisI haiM aura unameM vikAsakama kI dRSTi se jaina mantavya ke svarUpa kA kyA sthAna hai. ise samajhane ke lie sakSepa meM baMdhama.kSavAdI mukhya-mukhya sabhI paraMparAzroM ke mantavyoM ko nIce diyA jAtA hai / (1) jaina paraMparA ke anusAra prAtmA pratyeka zarIra meM judA-judA hai| vaha svayaM zubhAzubha karma kA kartA aura karma ke phala-sukha-duHkha Adi kA bhoktA hai| vaha janmAntara ke samaya sthAnAntara ko jAtA hai aura sthUla deha ke anusAra saMkoca vistAra dhAraNa karatA hai| yahI mukti pAtA hai aura muktikAla meM sAMsArika sukha-duHkha jJAna-ajJAna Adi zubhAzubha karma Adi bhAvoM se sarvathA chUTa jAtA hai|
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________________ jaina dharma kA prANa 127 (2) sAMkhya yoga paraMparA ke anusAra AtmA bhinna-bhinna hai para vaha kaTastha evaM vyApaka hone se na karma kA kartA. bhoktA, janmAntaragAmI, gatizIla hai aura na to muktigAmI hI hai| usa paraMparA ke anusAra to prAkRta buddhi yA antaHkaraNa hI karma kA kartA bhoktA janmAntaragAmI saMkoca vistArazIla. zAna-ajJAna Adi bhAvoM kA prAzraya aura mukti-kAla meM una bhAvoM se rahita hai / sAMkhya yoga paraMparA antaHkaraNa ke baMdhamokSa ko hI upacAra se puruSa ke mAna letI hai| (3) nyAyavaizeSika paraMparA ke anusAra aAtmA aneka haiM, vaha sAMkhya yoga kI taraha kUTastha aura vyApaka mAnA gayA hai phira bhI vaha jaina paraMparA kI taraha vAstavika rUpa se kattA, bhoktA, baddha aura mukta bhI mAnA gayA hai / (4) advaitavAdI vedAnta ke anusAra AtmA vAstava meM nAnA nahIM para eka hI hai / vaha sAMkhya yoga kI taraha kUTastha aura vyApaka hai ataeva na. to vAstava meM baddha hai aura na mukta / usameM antaHkaraNa kA baMdhamokSa hI upacAra se mAnA gayA hai| (5) bauddhamata ke anusAra AtmA yA citta nAnA hai; vahI kartA, bhoktA, baMdha aura nirvANa kA Azraya hai| vaha na to kUTastha hai, na vyApaka, vaha kevala jJAnakSaNaparaMparA rUpa hai jo hRdaya indriya jaise aneka kendroM meM eka sAtha yA kramazaH nimittAnusAra utpanna va naSTa hotA rahatA hai / Upara ke saMkSipta varNana se yaha spaSTatayA sUcita hotA hai ki jaina paraMparA saMmata aAtmasvarUpa baMdhamokSa ke tatvaciMtakoM kI kalpanA kA anubhavamUlaka purAnA rUpa hai / sAMkhyayoga saMmata AtmasvarUpa una tattvaciMtakoM kI kalpanA kI dUsarI bhUmikA hai / advaitavAda saMmata aAtmasvarUpa sAMkhyayoga kI bahutvaviSayaka kalpanA kA ekasvarUpa meM parimArjanamAtra hai, jaba ki nyAyavaizeSika saMmata AtmasvarUpa jaina aura sAMkhyayoga kI kalpanA kA mizraNamAtra hai / bauddha saMmata AtmasvarUpa jaina kalpanA kA hI tarkazodhita rUpa hai| ekatvarUpa cAritravidyA zrAtmA aura karma ke svarUpa ko jAnane ke bAda hI yaha jAnA jA sakatA hai ki AdhyAtmika utkrAnti ma cAritra kA. kyA sthAna hai / mokSatattvaciMtakoM ke anusAra cAritra kA uddezya AtmA ko kama se mukta karanA hI hai / cAritra ke dvArA karma se mukti mAna lene para bhI yaha prazna rahatA hI hai ki svabhAva se zuddha aise zrAtmA ke sAtha pahale-pahala kama kA saMbaMdha kaba aura kyoM huA yA aisA saMbaMdha kisane kiyA ? isI taraha yaha bhI prazna upasthita hotA hai ki svabhAva se zuddha aise Atmatattva ke sAtha yadi kisI na kisI taraha se karma kA saMbandha huzrA mAnA jAe to cAritra
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________________ 128 jaina dharma aura darzana ke dvArA mukti siddha hone ke bAda bhI phira karma saMbaMdha kyoM nahIM hogA ? ina do praznoM kA uttara AdhyAtmika sabhI ciMtakoM ne lagabhaga eka sA hI diyA hai / sAMkhyayoga ho yA vedAnta, nyAyavaizeSika ho yA bauddha ina sabhI darzanoM kI taraha jaina darzana kA bhI yahI maMtavya hai ki karma aura AtmA kA saMbaMdha anAdi hai kyoMki usa saMbaMdha kA zrAdikSaNa sarvathA jJAnasImA ke bAhara hai / sabhI ne yaha mAnA hai ki AtmA ke sAtha karma-avidyA yA mAyA kA saMbaMdha pravAha rUpa se anAdi hai phira bhI vyakti rUpa se vaha saMbaMdha sAdi hai kyoMki hama sabakA aisA anubhava hai ki ajJAna aura rAga-dveSa se hI karmavAsanA kI utpatti jIvana meM hotI rahatI hai| sarvathA karma chuTa jAne para jo zrAtmA kA pUrNa zuddha rUpa prakaTa hotA hai usameM punaH karma yA vAsanA utpanna kyoM nahIM hotI isakA khulAsA tarkavAdI AdhyAtmika ciMtakoM ne yoM kiyA hai ki zrAtmA svabhAvataHzuddhiHpakSapAtI hai| zuddhi ke dvArA cetanA Adi svAbhAvika guNoM kA pUrNa vikAsa hone ke bAda ajJAna yA rAga-dveSa jaise doSa jar3a se hI ucchinna ho jAte haiM arthAt ve prayatnapUrvaka zuddhi ko prApta aise Atmatattva meM apanA sthAna pAne ke lie sarvathA nirbala ho jAte haiN| cAritra kA kArya jIvanagata vaiSamya ke kAraNoM ko dUra karanA hai, jo jaina paribhASA meM 'saMvara' kahalAtA hai| vaiSamya ke mUla kAraNa ajJAna kA nivAraNa AtmA kI samyak pratIti se hotA hai aura rAga-dveSa jaise klezoM kA nivAraNa mAdhyasthya kI siddhi se / isalie Antara cAritra meM do hI bAteM AtI haiM / (1) Atma-jJAnaviveka-khyAti (2) mAdhyasthya yA rAga-dveSa Adi klezoM kA jaya / dhyAna, vrata, niyama, tapa, Adi jo-jo upAya Antara cAritra ke poSaka hote haiM ve hI bAhya cAritra rUpa se sAdhaka ke lie upAdeya mAne gae haiN| AdhyAtmika jIvana kI utkrAnti prAntara cAritra ke vikAsakrama para avalaMbita hai| isa vikAsakrama kA guNasthAna rUpa se jaina paramparA meM atyaMta vizada aura vistRta varNana hai / AdhyAtmika utkrAnti krama ke jijJAsuoM ke lie yogazAstraprasiddha madhumatI zrAdi bhUmikAoM kA, bauddhazAstraprasiddha sotApanna Adi bhUmikAoM kA, yogavAsiSThaprasiddha ajJAna aura jJAnabhUmikAoM kA, AjIvaka-paraMparAprasiddha maMda-mami Adi bhamikAoM kA aura jaina paraMparA prasiddha guNasthAnoM kA tathA yoga dRSTiyoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana bahuta rasaprada evaM upayogI hai, jisakA varNana yahA~ saMbhava nhiiN| jijJAsu anyatra prasiddha ' lekhoM se jAna sakatA hai| 1. "bhAratIya darzanomAM AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama---purAtattva 1-pR0 146 /
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________________ jainadharma kA prANa 126 ___maiM yahA~ una caudaha guNasthAnoM kA varNana na karake saMkSepa meM tIna bhUmikAoM kA hI paricaya diye detA hU~, jinameM guNasthAnoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| pahalI bhUmikA hai bahirAtma, jisameM AtmajJAna yA vivekalyAti kA udaya ho nahIM hotaa| dUsarI bhUmikA antarAtma hai, jisameM zrAtmazAna kA udaya to hotA hai para rAga-dveSa Adi kleza maMda hokara bhI apanA prabhAva dikhalAte rahate haiN| tosarI bhUmikA hai paramAtmA / isameM rAga dveSa kA pUrNa uccheda hokara vItarAgatva prakaTa hotA hai / lokavidyA lokavidyA meM loka ke svarUpa kA varNana hai| jIva-cetana aura ajIvaacetana yA jar3a ina do tattvoM kA sahacAra hI loka hai| cetana-acetana donoM tattva na to kisI ke dvArA kabhI paidA hue haiM aura na kabhI nAza pAte haiM phira bhI svabhAva se pariNAmAntara pAte rahate haiN| saMsAra kAla meM cetana ke Upara adhika prabhAva DAlanevAlA dravya eka mAtra jar3a-paramANupuMja pudgala hai, jo nAnArUpa se cetana ke saMbaMdha meM AtA hai aura usakI zaktiyoM ko maryAdita bhI karatA hai| cetana tattva kI sAhajika aura maulika zaktiyoM aisI haiM jo yogya dizA pAkara kabhI na kabhI una jar3a dravyoM ke prabhAva se use mukta bhI kara detI haiN| jaDa aura cetana ke pArasparika prabhAva kA kSetra hI loka hai aura usa prabhAva se chuTakArA pAnA hI lokAnta hai / jaina paraMparA kI lokakSetra viSayaka kalpanA sAMkhya-yoga, purANa aura bauddha Adi paraMparAoM kI kalpanA se aneka aMzoM meM milatI-julatI hai / jaina paraMparA nyAyavaizeSika kI taraha paramANuvAdI hai, sAMkhyayoga kI taraha prakRtivAdI nahIM hai tathApi jaina paraMparA sammata paramANu kA svarUpa sAMkhya paraMparA sammata prakRti ke svarUpa ke sAtha jaisA milatA hai vaisA nyAyavaizeSikasammata paramANu svarUpa ke sAtha nahIM milatA, kyoMki jaina sammata paramANu sAMkhyasammata prakRti kI taraha pariNAmI hai, nyAyavaizeSika sammata paramANu kI taraha kUTastha nahIM hai| isIlie, jaise eka hI sAMkhyasaMmata prakRti pRthvI, jala, teja, vAyu Adi aneka bhautika sRSTiyoM kA upAdAna banatI hai vaise hI jaina sammata eka hI paramANu pRthvI, jala, teja Adi nAnArUpa meM pariNata hotA hai| jaina paraMparA nyAyavaizeSika kI taraha yaha nahIM mAnatI ki pArthiva, jalIya aAdi bhautika paramANu mUla meM hI sadA bhinna jAtIya haiN| isake sivAya aura bhI eka antara dhyAna dene yogya hai| vaha yaha ki jainasammata paramANu vaizeSika sammata paramANu kI apekSA itanA adhika sUkSma hai ki anta meM vaha sAMkhyasammata prakRti jaisA hI avyakta bana jAtA hai / jaina
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________________ jaina dharma aura darzana paraMparA kA anaMta paramANuvAda prAcIna sAMkhyasammata puruSabahutvAnurUpa prakRtibahutvavAda' se dUra nahIM hai| jainamata aura Izvara jaina paraMparA sAMkhyayoga mImAMsaka Adi paraMparAyoM kI taraha loka ko pravAha rUpa se anAdi aura anaMta hI mAnatI hai / vaha paurANika yA vaizeSika mata ko taraha usakA sRSTisaMhAra nahIM mAnatI . ataeva jaina paraMparA meM katA saMhatA rUpa se Izvara jaisI svataMtra vyakti kA koI sthAna hI nahIM hai / jaina siddhAMta kahatA hai ki pratyeka jIva apanI-apanI sRSTi kA zrApa hI kartA hai| usake anusAra tAttvika dRSTi se pratyeka jIva meM Izvara bhAva hai jo mukti ke samaya prakaTa hotA hai / jisakA Izvara bhAva prakaTa huA hai vahI sAdhAraNa logoM ke lie upAsya banatA hai| yogazAstrasaMmata Izvara bhI mAtra upAsya hai, katA saMhatA nahIM, para jaina aura yogazAstra ko kalpanA meM antara hai| vaha yaha ki yogazAstra sammata Izvara sadA mukta hone ke kAraNa anya puruSoM se bhinna koTi kA hai; jaba ki jainazAstra saMmata Izvara vaisA nahIM hai / jainazAstra kahatA hai ki prayatna sAdhya hone ke kAraNa hara koI yogya sAdhaka Izvaratva lAbha karatA hai aura sabhI mukta samAna bhAva se Izvara rUpa se upAsya haiN| zrutavidyA aura pramANa vidyA purAne aura apane samaya taka meM jJAta aise anya vicArakoM ke vicAroM kA tathA svAnubhavamUlaka apane vicAroM kA satyalakSI saMgraha hI zrutavidyA hai| zrutavidyA kA dhyeya yaha hai ki satyasparzI kisI bhI vicAra yA vicArasaraNI kI avagaNanA yA upekSA na ho| isI kAraNa se jaina paraMparA kI zrutividyA navanava vidyAoM ke vikAsa ke sAtha vikasita hotI rahI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki zrutavidyA meM saMgrahanayarUpa se jahA~ prathama sAMkhyasammata sadadvaita liyA gayA vahIM brahmAdvaita ke vicAra vikAsa ke bAda saMgrahanaya rUpa se brahmAdvaita vicAra ne bhI sthAna prApta kiyA hai| isI taraha jahA~ RjusUtra nayarUpa se prAcIna bauddha kSaNikavAda saMgrahIta huA hai vahIM Age ke mahAyAnI vikAsa ke bAda RjusUtra nayarUpa se 1. SaDdarzanasamuccaya-guNaratnaTIkA-pR0-66-"maulikasAMkhyA hi zrAtmAnamAtmAnaM prati pRthak pradhAnaM vadanti / uttare tu sAMkhyAH sarvAtmasvapi ekaM nityaM pradhAnamiti prpnnaaH|
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________________ jainadharma kA prANa 131 vaibhASika, sautrAntika, vijJAnavAda aura zUnyavAda ina cAroM prasiddha bauddha zAkhAoM kA saMgraha huzrA hai| anekAnta dRSTi kA kAryapradeza itanA adhika vyApaka hai ki isameM mAnavajIvana kI hitAvaha aisI sabhI laukika lokottara vidyAe~ apanA-apanA yogya sthAna prApta kara letI haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina zrutavidyA meM lokottara vidyAoM ke alAvA laukika vidyAoM ne bhI sthAna prApta kiyA hai| pramANavidyA meM pratyakSa, anumiti zrAdi jJAna ke saba prakAroM kA, unake sAdhanoM kA tathA unake balAbala kA vistRta vivaraNa AtA hai| isameM bhI anekAnta dRSTi kA aisA upayoga kiyA gayA hai ki jisase kisI bhI tattvacitaka ke yathArtha vicAra kI avagaNanA yA upekSA nahIM hotI, pratyuta jJAna aura usake sAdhana se saMbaMdha rakhanevAle sabhI jJAna vicAroM kA yathAvat viniyoga kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ taka kA varNana jaina paraMparA ke prANabhUta ahiMsA aura anekAnta se saMbaMdha rakhatA hai / jaise zarIra ke binA prANa kI sthiti asaMbhava hai vaise hI dharmazarIra ke sivAya dharma prANa kI sthiti bhI asaMbhava hai| jaina paraMparA kA dharmazarIra bhI saMdha. racanA, sAhitya, tIrtha, mandira Adi dharmasthAna, zilpasthApatya, upAsanAvidhi, graMthasaMgrAhaka bhAMDAra Adi aneka rUpa se vidyamAna hai / yadyapi bhAratIya saMskRti kI virAsata ke avikala adhyayana kI dRSTi se jainadharma ke Upara sUcita aMgoM kA tAttvika evaM aitihAsika varNana Avazyaka evaM rasaprada bhI hai tathApi vaha prastuta nibaMdha kI maryAdA ke bAhara hai| ataeva jijJAsuoM ko anya sAdhanoM ke dvArA apanI jijJAsA ko tRpta karanA caahie| I0 1646]