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________________ jaina - darzana meM mokSa kI avadhAraNA mAnAlAmAlekhaka: DaoN. zrI. amRtalAla gAMdhI) FREETTES jaina dharma kI bArahakhar3I namaskAra mahAmaMtra se prAraMbha hotI prAkRtika rUpa se anAdi kAla se calI A rahI hai aura anantakAla hai / isameM sarva prathama tIrthaMkara paramAtmA arihaMtoM kI aura dvitIya taka calatI rahegI / isa sRSTi meM anekoM AtmAeM karma-baMdhana ke namo siddhANaM ke pada meM una samasta jIvAtmAoM namaskAra kiyA kAraNa bhava bhramaNa karatI rahatI haiN| sabhI AtmAoM para vibhinna jAtA hai jo tIrthaMkaroM dvArA samaya-samaya para batalAye gaye mArga kA prakAra ke karmoM kA baMdhana hai jisake dUra hone para sabhI AtmAeM anusaraNa kara siddhAvasthA ko prApta hue haiM / isIkA paryAyavAcI svayaM paramAtmA svarUpa bana sakatI haiN| zabda mukti yA mokSa hai| jainadharma kA zAzvata siddhAnta hai :jaina: jina kA anuyAyI appA kappA vikatAya, duhANa ya suhANa ya / "jaina darzana meM mokSa" viSaya para vicAra karane ke pUrva hamAre appA mittama mitraM ca, duSpa-TTiyaM suppaTThiyaM / / liye "jaina" zabda kA sahI artha jAnanA Avazyaka hai / hindu zabda jaise jAti kA vAcaka hai, bauddha zabda jaise vyakti kA vAcaka hai arthAt AtmA hI sukha duHkha kA karane vAlA hai, usake phala vaise jaina zabda kisI jAti yA vyakti kA vAcaka na hokara vizeSa bhogane vAlA hai, evaM unase mukti pAne vAlA hai / jaba taka AtmA guNoM kA vAcaka hai / "jaina" zabda "jina" se banA hai| jaina dharma para zubha-azubha kamA kA AvaraNa ha, vaha AtmA manuSya, pazu, dava kA artha hai "jina kA dharma" | "jina" kA artha hai "jItane aura nArakI kI cAra gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karatI rahatI hai / parantu jaba vAlA" | jItane kA prazna zatruoM kA hI hotA hai, mitroM kA nahIM / AtmA ke karma baMdhana samApta ho jAte haiM, vaha isa bhramaNa se mukta to ye zatru kauna hai ? isakA uttara "uttarAdhyayana sUtra" kI gAthA ho jAtI hai aura ananta sukha kI mokSAvasthA ko prApta ho jAtI 23/8 meM diyA gayA hai "egappA ajie sattU" arthAt apanI avijita AtmA hI zatru hai / sukha: AtmA kA svabhAva hamArA zatru koI anya nahIM hai apitu asaMyama meM bahatI huI prAyaH sabhI dArzanikoM ke matAnusAra saMsAra kI pratyeka AtmA rAga dveSa meM kaluSita AtmA hI hamArI zatru hai / isIliye anya cAhe vaha kahIM bhI aura kisI bhI avasthA meM kyoM na rahI ho, kisI ko jItane kI AvazyakatA hI kyA hai ? jo sabase bar3A usake aMtastala meM sukha prApti kI abhilASA rahatI hai / sukha AtmA zatru hai use hI jItanA cAhiye / isa Atma-zatru ko arthAt AtmA kA svabhAva hai / isaliye prANimAtra anAdi kAla se sukha prApti ke meM rahe hue rAga, dveSa ke saMskAroM ko, krodha, kAma, lobha ko liye prayalazIla hai| sukha prApti ke saMbaMdha meM aneka vicArakoM evaM vikAroM ko jItanA yahI sabase bar3I vijaya hai | "uttarAdhyayana cintakoM ne apane apane dRSTikoNa se vicAra vyakta kiye haiM aura sUtra" kI hI gAthA 9/36 meM likhA hai "savvamappe jiai jiyaM" usakI prApti ke liye dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa ye cAra puruSArtha arthAt jisane isa rAga-dveSAtmaka saMsAra ko jIta liyA usane mAne haiM / jinakI dRSTi meM vartamAna jIvana hI sabakucha hai aura iha saba kucha jIta liyA / merI bhAvanA prArthanA ke bhI prathama bola yahI loka ke sivAya paraloka evaM janmAntara nahIM hai, unhoMne vartamAna hai, "jisane rAga, dveSa kAmAdika jIte, saba jaga jAna liyA / " jIvana evaM usI meM bhautika sukha prApta karane ke sAdhana artha aura ataH jo apanI vAsanA ko, apane vicAroM ko, rAga, dveSa ke kAma ina do puruSArtho ko hI mAnA aura unakA lakSya yaha rahA saMskAroM ko jIta letA hai, unheM jar3a mUla se samApta kara detA hai, kivaha AtmA vItarAga bana jAtA hai aura use hI "jina" arthAt yAvajjIvet sukhaM jIvet RNaM kRtvA ghRtaM pibet / vijetA kahA jAtA hai / usa jina puruSa, vItarAga bhagavAn ke AdarzoM para, unakI zikSAoM para, unake dvArA kathita mArga para jo bhasmIbhUtasya dehasya punarAgamanaM kutaH // calatA hai, jo jina kA anugAmI hai, vahI "jaina" hai / "jaina" kA arthAt jabataka jIo, sukha se jIo, karjA karo aura ghI pIo jo upadeza hai vaha hai "jaina dharma" | isa prakAra jaina dharma eka guNa kyoMki yaha zarIra bhasma ho jaayegaa| vAcaka zabda hai / usameM indriya vijaya kI, Atma saMyama kI evaM isakA koI punarAgamana nahIM hai| manonigraha kI dhvani gUMja rahI hai, saMkSepa meM, yahI jaina - dharma kA bhArata meM yaha vicAra-pakSa lakSaNa hai| cArvAka darzana ke nAma se prasiddha jaina-dharma : AtmavAdI darzana huA | pAzcAtya jagata kI vaidika mAnyatAoM se bhinna, jaina - dharma paramAtmavAdI na hokara vicAradhArA meM isI prakAra kA AtmavAdI hai / vaha sRSTi ke racayitA yA saMcAlaka ke rUpa meM Izvara dRSTikANa khAA, pAvA Ara eza jasA kisA zakti ko nahIM mAnatA | usake anasAra yaha saSTi karA ke nAma se prasiddha hai| yaha zrImad jayantasenasUri abhinandana graMtha / vizleSaNa (70) khoTI sAkha bhare nahIM, kare na khoTe lekha / jayantasena vaha nara sukhi, sakala vizva meM dekha // Jain Education Interational
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________________ pUrNatayA bhautikatAvAdI vicAradhArA hai jisakA saMbaMdha manuSya ke karmoM kA kSaya ho jAnA mokSa hai aura "saMvara" tathA "nirjarA" mokSa vartamAna jIvana se hI hai| ke sAdhana hai | "saMvara" kA artha hai karma Ane ke dvAra ko rokanA parantu anya prabuddha vicArakoM evaM cintakoM ne dRzyamAna jagata aura "nirjarA" kA artha hai "pahale se AtmA ke sAtha baMdhe hue ke atirikta uttama yA adhama paraloka evaM mRtyu ke bAda punarjanma karmoM ko kSaya karanA" | bauddha darzana ke anusAra bhava-saMtApa paramparA evaM janmAMtara bhI mAnA hai / ataeva unhoMne dharma aura mokSa puruSArtha kA viccheda honA mokSa hai aura saMsAra ko duHkhamaya, kSaNika evaM mAnA aura spaSTa kiyA ki paraloka aura punarjanma meM sukhaprApti dharma zUnya maya samajhanA mokSa kA sAdhana hai / naiyAyika, vaizeSika, ke puruSArtha dvArA hI saMbhava hai | jaina-dharma kI mAnyatA ke anasAra / sAMkhya-yoga Adi darzanoM ne bhI duHkha kA dhvaMsa ho jAnA mokSa mAnA artha aura kAma bhautika sukha haiM jo kSaNa-bhaMgura haiM jabaki dharma ke mArga se prApta mokSa kA sukha ananta hai | jaina darzana ke anusAra jaina darzana ke anusAra mokSa kA sIdhA artha hai "samasta karmoM jina kA anuyAyI apane ArAdhya tIrthaMkara deva se sadaiva isI se mukti" / isameM acche aura bure donoM prakAra ke karma Ate haiM ananta sukha kI prApti kI kAmanA karatA hai / yaha bAta 'jaya kyoMki jaise hathakar3iyA~ cAhe sone kI ho yA lohe kI, manuSya ko vIyarAya' sUtra kI prathama gAthA se spaSTa hotI hai jo isa prakAra hai:- donoM hI bandhanayukta rakhatI hai, usI prakAra jIva ko usake zubha "jaya vIya rAya / jaya guru / hou mama tuha prabhAvao bhayavaM / aura azubha donoM prakAra ke karma baMdhana meM rakhate haiM / anya zabdoM meM, mokSa kA artha hai "rAga aura dveSa' donoM kA pUrNa kSaya | vastutaH bhavanivveo magga NusAriyA, iTTha phala siddii|| karma baMdhana ke kAraNoM evaM pUrva se saMcita karmoM kA pUrNa rUpa se kSaya arthAt he vItarAga ! he jagadguru ? Apake prabhAva se mujhe ho jAnA hI mokSa hai / tAttvika dRSTi se kahA jAya to AtmA kA saMsAra se virakti, mokSa mArga kA anusaraNa tathA iSTaphala (arthAt apane zuddha svarUpa meM sadA ke liye sthira ho jAnA hI mokSa yA mokSa ke ananta sukha) kI prApti ho / mukti hai| mokSa aura mokSaprApti ke sAdhana: yaha bAta dhyAna rakhI jAya ki mokSa kA artha jIva kA abhAva mokSa puruSArtha ko svIkAra karane vAle jaina, bauddha, naiyAyika, athavA vinAza nahIM hai apitu jIva yA AtmA kA apane zuddhi vaizeSika aura sAMkhya-yoga darzana haiN| jaina darzana ke anusAra pratyeka svarUpa meM apanI svataMtra sattA rahita sthita honA hI mokSa hai / AtmA yAni jIva apane samasta karma-karmaphala, jJAna, mokSAdi ke caurAsI lakSya yoniyoM ke bhava bhramaNa kI sAMsArika avasthA meM to liye pUrNa rUpeNa svataMtra hai / jIva svayaM apanA svAmI hai / usakA karma baMdhana ke kAraNa jIva vi-bhAva rUpa meM rahatA hai kintu jaba vaha baMdhana evaM mukti kisI ke roSa athavA kRpA kA pariNAma nahIM hai| puruSArtha dvArA apane karmoM kA kSaya kara detA hai taba janma-maraNa ke apitu svayaM ke kartavyoM evaM kAryoM kA pariNAma hai / prabhuttva zakti cakra se mukta hokara vaha sva-bhAva meM sthita ho jAtA hai aura yahI se yukta jIva samyak darzana, samyak jJAna va samyak cAritra ke dvArA usakI carama pariNati hai / cAra ghAtI karmoM ko naSTa karake jaba arhat dazA ko prApta hotA hai anya zabdoM meM mokSa Atma vikAsa kI pUrNa avasthA hai / eka taba usameM prabhuttva zakti kA pUrNa vikAsa hotA hai / phira jaba vaha bAra mukti prApta kara lene para yaha AtmA anantakAla taka mukti meM zeSa cAra ardhAMti karmoM ko bhI naSTa karake siddha mukta ho jAtA hai hI rahatI hai aura phira lauTakara saMsAra meM kabhI nahIM AtI hai kyoMki taba vaha sAkSAt prabhu hI ho jAtA hai aura usakA punarjanma nahIM isa jIva ko saMsAra meM janma-maraNa karAne evaM sukha duHkha dene ke hotaa| kAraNa jo karma hote haiM, mukti kI avasthA meM unakA sarvathA abhAva jaina-darzana ke anusAra AtmA para lage hue AThoM prakAra ke hotA hai / mukti meM isa jIva ke sAtha kisI prakAra kA zarIra nahIM rahatA aura na hI usako kisI prakAra kA bhautika sukha prApta karane kI icchA hI rahatI hai / mukti meM yaha AtmA anaMta kAla taka eka kaI pustakoM ke lekhaka evaM anupama, atIndriya, AdhyAtmika sacce sukha kA upabhoga karatI sAmAjika kSetra meM bhI anukaraNIya rahatI hai| kArya / 1954 meM rAjasthAna cU~ki mokSa AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI pUrNa avasthA hai aura prazAsanika sevA meM bIsaveM sthAna pUrNatA meM koI bheda nahIM hotA hai, ataH mokSa kA bhI koI bheda nahIM para rahe / Der3ha darjana pustakoM kA hai / mokSa yA mukti koI sthAna lekhana vibhinna jaina, sAmAjika va vizeSa bhI nahIM hai kintu AtmA kI sArvajanika saMsthAoM ke saMcAlaka zuddha cinmaya svarUpa kI prApti hai rahe / 1974 meM jodhapura jilA jise vaidika darzana meM "saccidAnaMda" mahAvIra nirvANa samiti ke maMtrI ke rUpa meM prazaMsanIya sevAoM ke avasthA kahA gayA hai | jaina darzana ke anusAra karma baMdhanoM se mukta DaoN. amRtalAla gAMdhI liye rAjya stara para tAmrapatra se hone para AtmA halkI hone ke kAraNa ema.e., pI.eca.DI., alNkRt| Upara kI ora uThatI hai aura vaha ela.ela.bI. loka ke agrabhAva meM sthita ho jAtI zrImad jayantasenasUri abhinandana graMtha / vizleSaNa (71) upayoga upabhoga madhya, antara bar3A vizeSa / jayantasena samajha liyA, phira nahIM kiMcita kleza / /
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________________ hai jise jaina darzana meM "siddha zilA" kahA gayA hai / mukti, hai / ataH ina cAroM upAyoM se koI bhI rukAvaTa nahIM hai / jisane nirvANa, parinirvANa, siddhAvasthA Adi bhI mokSa ke hI nAma haiN| bhI karma baMdhana ko tor3akara AtmaguNoM ko prakaTa kara liyA, vahI jaina darzana ke anusAra jIva eka dravya hai aura dravya loka meM mokSa prApti kA adhikArI hai / jaina darzana meM guNoM kA mahattva hai, rahate haiM / jIva kA UrdhvagAmI svabhAva hone ke kAraNa vaha loka ke vyakti, jAti, liMga, kula, saMpradAya Adi kisI anya kA koI agrabhAva meM svataH hI pahu~ca jAtA hai / dIpaka kI lau kA svabhAva , mahattva nahIM hai / isIliye kahA gayA hai ki "manuSya janma se nahIM, Upara jAtA hai, vaise hI AtmA kA svabhAva bhI Upara jAtA hai| karma ke kAraNa usameM bhArIpana A jAtA hai| ataH vaha bhava-bhramaNa Apa ataH niSkarSa rUpa meM, kahA jA sakatA haiM ki jahA~ paramAtmavAdI karatI rahatI hai parantu karma mukta hone para svAbhAvika rUpa se hI vicAradhArA vAle dharmoM kI mAnyatA hai ki paramAtmA kA bhakta banane AtmA kI mokSa kI dizA meM Urdhvagati hotI haiN| meM hI AtmA kI sArthakatA hai, vahA~ jaina dharma meM AtmA ko paramAtmA jaba taka karma pUrNa rUpa se kSaya nahIM hote, taba taka AtmA aura bhakta ko bhagavAna banane kA pUrNa adhikAra hai| jIvana ke isa kA zuddha svabhAva chipA rahatA hai jaise bAdaloM meM sUrya / parantu bAdaloM carama lakSya ko sAdhaka apanI hI sAdhanA dvArA caudaha gaNa sthAnoM meM ke haTate hI jaise sUrya punaH apane pUrNa prakAza ke sAtha camakane AtmA ke kramika AdhyAtmika vikAsa dvArA prApta kara sakatA hai| lagatA hai, vaise hI AtmA se karmoM kA AvaraNa haTate hI AtmA jaina darzana ke anusAra mukti kisI dUsare ke hAtha kI cIja nahIM hai apane zuddha svabhAva meM camakane lagatI hai / parantu sUrya para to kabhI apitu kisI bhI AtmA kI mukti usI ke hAtha meM hai | yahIM kadAcit punaH bAdala A sakate haiM lekina AtmA eka bAra karma 'apanA hAtha jagannAtha' vAlI kahAvata lAgU par3atI hai / nimna zloka mukta hone ke bAda phira kabhI karmoM se AvRta nahIM hotI hai| meM yaha bAta bhalI krA~ti spaSTa ho jAtI hai :jaina darzana ke anusAra "darzana jJAna cAritrANi mokSa mArgaH" svayaM karma karotyAtmA, svayaM tatphalamaznute / kahA gayA hai arthAt darzana, jJAna aura cAritra, mokSa ke mArga hai| svayaM bhramati saMsAre, svayaM tasmAd vimucyate / isameM hameM tapa ko aura jor3anA cAhiye kyoMki mahAvIra sahita arthAt AtmA svayaM apanA karma karatI hai aura usakA phala aneka tIrthaMkaroM evaM siddha puruSoM ne ghora tapasyA dvArA hI apane bhogatI hai / apane karma baMdhanoM ke kAraNa hI vaha saMsAra paribhramaNa karmoM kI nirjarA kI hai| parantu yaha darzana, jJAna aura cAritra sahI karatI hai tathA puruSArtha dvArA mukti prApta karatI hai| honA cAhiye / jisake lie jaina darzana meM 'samyak' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai / jJAna se tattvoM kI jAnakArI hotI hai aura darzana se "mokSa meM AtmA ananta sukhamaya rahatA hai, usa sukha kI na tattvoM para zraddhA AtI hai / cAritra se Ate hue karmoM ko rokA koI upamA hai aura na koI gaNanA hI / " - bhagavAna mahAvIra jAtA hai aura tapa dvArA AtmA se baMdhe hue karmoM kI nirjarA hotI unmukta saMvAda kI amogha dRSTi kA zeSa bhAga (pRSTha 69 se) bhAratIya janatA kI saMskRti kA rUpa sAmAsika hai / usane dhIre-dhIre bar3hakara apanA AkAra grahaNa kiyA hai / isa saMskRti meM samanvayana kI tathA nUtana bAtoM - siddhAntoM ko pacAnekI, pacAkara AtmasAta kara lenekI adbhuta yogyatA hai / isI zakti ke kAraNa bhArata vikasita hotA rahA / isake mUla meM syAdvAda kI dRSTi hai / syAdvAda jaina dharmakA anUThA aura unmukta darzana hai / bhASA ke AvaraNa meM chipe satya ko anAvRtta karane kA mAdhyama hI syAvAda hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM (1/3/3) kahA gayA hai - saccassa ANAe uvaTThie mehAvI mAraM tarai - arthAt satya kI AjJA meM prastuta - bar3hatA huA medhAvI sAdhaka mRtyuko jIta letA hai / syAdvAda isa sAdhaka kI AratI utAratA hai / Aja ke yuga meM vaicArika viSamatAne zIta yuddha kA vAtAvaraNa taiyAra kara rakhA hai / anekAMta tathA syAdvAda dvArA samatA, ekatA, sahabhAva aura baMdhutA kA vAtAvaraNa taiyAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / syAdvAda nayI manuSyatA ke lie parama AzvAsaka tattva hai - syAd isIkI madada se mAnavatA kA upakAra ho sakatA hai| madhukara-mauktika saMketapUrvaka sAdhya kI ora prerita karane vAle, sAdhya kI ora gatizIla karane vAle ArAdhya arihaMta paramAtmA hameM jIvana kA sahI svarUpa samajhAte haiN| hameM yadi apane sacce svarUpa ko samajhanA hai, to arihaMta paramAtmA ko ArAdhya banA kara arihaMta paramAtmA kI vANI ko apane jIvana meM utAranA hogA aura unake pravacana kA manana-cintana karanA hogA; phira hameM yaha mAlUma ho jAegA ki yadyapi siddha pada sAdhya hai, phira bhI arihaMta paramAtmA usa sAdhya kI ora hameM le jAte haiM. isalie arihaMta pada bhI ArAdhya hai| yadi hama ArAdhya ke nikaTa jAte haiM aura unheM samajhate haiM, to sAdhya kI dizA bhI mila jAtI hai aura jaba sAdhya kI dizA kI ora Age bar3hate haiM, to siddhi bhI prApta ho jAtI hai| - jainAcArya zrImad jayaMtasenasUri madhukara' zrImad jayantasenasUri abhinandana graMtha / vizleSaNa (72) jisane jItA svayaM ko, jIta liyA saMsAra / jayantasena akhaMDa hai, usa kI jaya jayakAra / /