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________________ jainadarzanameM darzanopayogakA sthAna bauddhadarzanameM varNita pratyakSa aura jainadarzanameM varNita darzanopayoga donoMke svarUpameM karIba-karIba sAmya pAyA jAtA hai / lekina bauddhadarzanameM jahA~ usake mAne hue pratyakSako pramANa mAna liyA gayA hai vahA~ jainadarzana meM darzanopayogako pramANatA aura apramANatAke dAyarese pare rakhA gayA hai, kyoMki jainadarzanameM svaparavyavasAyIko pramANa mAnA gayA hai aura jo vyavasAyI hote hue bhI paravyavasAyI nahIM hai use apramANa mAnA gayA hai| ye donoM prakArako avasthAe~ jJAnopayogakI hI huA karatI haiM, ataH jJAnopayoga to pramANa aura apramANarUpa hotA hai lekina darzanopayogameM svaparavyavasAyAtmakatAkA sarvathA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai, ataH use na to pramANa kaha sakate haiM aura na apramANa hI kaha sakate haiM / phira bhI jJAnopayogakI utpattimeM anivArya kAraNa hone kI vajahase darzanopayogakA mahattva jainadarzanameM kama nahIM AMkA gayA hai| vizvako jainarzanameM chaha prakArake dravyoMmeM vibhakta kara diyA gayA hai-(1) apanI-apanI svataMtra sattAvAle ananta jIva dravya, (2) aNu aura skandha (piMDa) do bhedarUpa ananta pudgaladravya, (3) eka dharmaya. (4) eka adharmadravya, (5) apanI-apanI svataMtra sattAvAle asaMkhyAta kAladravya aura (6) eka AkAzadravya / ina saba dravyoMko samadAyarUpase vizva nAmase pukArA jAtA hai kyoMki inake atirikta vizva meM kacha zeSa nahIM raha jAtA hai aura vizvako jagat isaliye kahate haiM kyoMki ye saba apane-apane svarUpako na chor3ate hue pariNamanazIla hai| ye saba dravya pratisamaya apane-apane niyata svabhAvake anurUpa kArya karate rahate haiM-AkAzadravya samasta dravyoMko satata apane andara samAye hue haiM, sabhI kAladravya samasta dravyoMko pratikSaNa unakI apanI saMbhAvya paryAyoMke rUpameM palaTAte rahate haiM, dharmadravya sabhI jIva aura pudgala dravyoMko halana-calanarUpa kriyA karate samaya usa kriyAmeM satata sahAyaka hotA rahatA hai, adharmadravya una sabhI jIva aura padagala dravyoMko ukta halana-calanarUpa kriyAko banda karate samaya usameM satata sahAyaka hotA rahatA hai, sabhI padagala dravya azaddha jIvadravyoMke sAtha aura paraspara eka dUsare pudgaladravyoMke sAtha satata milate aura bichur3ate rahate haiM tathA sabhI jIvadravya samparNa dravyoM ko apanI-apanI yogyatAke vikAsake anusAra sarvadA dekhate aura jAnate rahate haiN| jIvoMkI isa dekhanerUpa pravRttiko ho jainAgamameM darzanopayoga aura jAnanerUpa pravRttiko jJAnopayoga kahA gayA hai| ina donoM upayogoMmeM avinAbhAvarUpa saMbandha pAyA jAtA hai arthAt pratyeka padArthake jJAnameM usa padArthakA darzana kAraNa haA karatA hai| isIliye pratyeka jIvameM jJAnopayogake sAtha darzanopayogako sattA jainadarzanameM svIkAra kI gayI hai| parantu sAtha hI AgamagranthoMmeM yaha bAta bhI batalAyI gayI hai ki sarvajJajIvake darzanopayoga aura jJAnopayoga donoM eka sAtha hote rahate haiM aura alpajJajIvake darzanopayogake anantara jJAnopayoga haA karatA hai arthAta usake darzanopayogakI dazAmeM jJAnopayoga utpanna nahIM hotA hai aura jJAnopayogakI dazAmeM darzanopayoga samApta ho jAtA hai| bahata kucha socaneke bAda maiM isa niSkarSapara pahu~cA ki sarvajJakI taraha alpajJoMke bhI darzanopayoga aura jJAnopayoga donoMko eka hI sAtha utpatti aura avasthiti honI cAhiye, anyathA donoMmeM kAryakAraNabhAvakI vyavasthA nahIM bana sakatI hai kyoMki kAraNake sAvameM hI kArya huA karatA hai kAraNake abhAvameM nahIM isaliye "alpajJajIvake darzanake anantara jJAna hotA hai" yaha kalpanA arvAcIna jAna par3atI hai, jainadarzanakI yaha maulika bAta nahIM hai| yadi kahA jAya ki "dravyakI pUrvaparyAya uttaraparyAyameM kAraNa huA karatI hai aura darzanopayoga alpajJajovakI pUrvaparyAya jJAnopayoga usako uttaraparyAya hI to hai, ataH ukta kAryakAraNabhAvameM koI virodha nahIM hai", to aisA mAnanepara yaha Apatti upasthita kI jA sakatI hai ki sarvajJake darzanopayoga aura jJAnopayogameM
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________________ 4 / darzana aura nyAya : 59 bhI kramase pUrva paryAya aura uttaraparyAyakA rUpa svIkAra karanA cAhiye / yadi sarvajJakI sarvajJatAkI samApti ke bhayase usake darzanopayoga aura jJAnopayoga meM kramase pUrva paryAya aura uttaraparyAyakA rUpa nahIM svIkAra karake donoM kI eka hI sAtha utpatti aura avasthiti svIkAra kara lI jAtI hai to darzanopayoga aura jJAnopayoga meM kramase pUrva paryAyatA aura uttaraparyAyatAkA abhAva nizcita ho jAne kI vajahase alpajJake darzanopayogako usakI pUrvaparyA aura jJAnopayogako usakI uttaraparyAya kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? vAstavameM jIvakI dekhane aura jAnane rUpa do pRthak-pRthak zaktiyA~ haiM / yahI sababa hai ki donoM zaktiyoMko DhakanevAle darzanAvaraNa aura jJAnAvaraNa do pRthak-pRthak karmajaina karmasiddhAntameM svIkAra kiye gaye haiM / inhIM donoM zaktiyoMke pRthak-pRthak vikAsa hI darzanopayoga aura jJAnopayogake nAmase pukAre jAte haiM, isaliye darzanopayogako jIvakI pUrvaparyAya aura jJAnopayogako usakI uttaraparyAya mAnanA ayukta hai / yadi ye donoM eka hI zakti do vikAsa hote, to inheM avazya hI pUrvaparyAya aura uttaraparyAyake rUpameM svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA thA parantu pUrvokta prakArase na to ye eka hI zaktike do vikAsa siddha hote haiM aura na inheM eka hI zaktike do vikAsake rUpameM svIkAra hI kiyA gayA hai isaliye jaba darzanopayoga aura jJAnopayoga meM kArya - kAraNabhAva mAnya hai to sarvajJakI taraha alpajJoMmeM bhI inakA eka hI sAtha sadbhAva rahanA upayukta hai ? zaMkA - sarvajJake darzana aura jJAna sarvathA nirAvaraNa ho jAnekI vajahase apane ApameM paripUrNa aura parAvalaMbanase rahita haiM ataH darzanopayoga aura jJAnopayoga donoMke eka sAtha hone yA rahanemeM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai / parantu alpajJake darzana aura jJAna jaba apane ApameM pUrNatArahita evaM yathAyogya samAna parAvalambI pAye jAte haiM to unakA eka sAtha paidA honA yA rahanA kaise saMbhava ho sakatA hai ? ataH sarvajJake eka sAtha donoM upayogoMkA sadbhAva mAnanA aura alpajJake donoMkA eka sAtha abhAva svIkAra karanA ayukta nahIM hai ? samAdhAna - yadi jIva meM do upayoga eka sAtha rahanekI yogyatA hai to alpajJatA usameM bAdhaka nahIM ho sakatI hai aura yadi jIvameM do upayoga eka sAtha rahanekI yogyatA nahIM hai to sarvajJatA usameM sAdhaka nahIM ho sakatI hai / jaise eka hI darzanazakti yA jJAnazaktike vikAsa svarUpa do upayoga eka sAtha rahane kI yogyatA jIvameM nahIM hai to isa prakArake do upayoga eka sAtha sarvajJameM bhI saMbhava nahIM ho sakate haiM / isakA matalaba yaha huA ki sarvajJa bhI pratikSaNa jo saMpUrNa padArthoMkA darzana aura jJAna hotA rahatA hai vaha darzana aura jJAna ananta padArthoMkA hote bhI pRthak pRthak ananta upayoga rUpa nahIM hotA, apitu ananta padArthoMko viSaya karanevAlA eka hI darzanarUpa upayoga aura eka hI jJAnarUpa upayoga hotA hai / isI prakAra jIvakI eka hI zraddhAzakti, eka hI cAritrazakti, eka hI sukhazakti, eka hI vIryazakti Adi ananta zaktiyoMkA pRthak-pRthak do tarahakA vikAsa sarvajJake bhI eka sAtha saMbhava nahIM hai / parantu jIvameM ananta prakArakI ukta jitanI zaktiyA~ pAyI jAtI haiM ve saba apane-apane pRthak-pRthak eka-eka vikasita rUpameM sarvajJa aura alpajJa saba avasthAoM meM eka sAtha pAyI jAtI haiM aura pAyI jAnA ucita bhI hai kyoMki jo bhI zakti apane kisI eka vikasita rUpake sAtha eka avasthA meM nahIM pAyI jAyagI, to usa zaktikA jIvakI saba avasthAoMmeM abhAva mAnanA anivArya ho jAyagA / isaliye sarvajJako taraha alpajJa jIvameM jaba jJAnazaktike kisI-na-kisI vikasita rUpake sAtha zraddhAzakti, cAritrazakti, sukhazakti, vIryazakti Adi ananta zaktiyoMkA apanA apanA koI-na-koI vikasita rUpa sarvadA vidyamAna rahatA hI hai, to ina sabake sAtha darzanazaktikA bhI koI-na-koI vikasita rUpa usameM avazya hI sarvadA vidyamAna rahanA cAhiye / jovakI pratyeka zaktikA isa prakAra apane apane kisI-na-kisI vikasita rUpa meM rahane kA nAma hI upayoga hai / yahAMpara yaha bAta bhI dhyAna meM rakhanA Avazyaka hai ki jisa prakAra sarvajJake kevalajJAnameM kevaladarzana kAraNa huA karatA hai usI prakAra alpajJake avadhijJAnameM avadhidarzanako tathA usa usa indriyase
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________________ 60 : sarasvatI-varavaputra paM0 baMzIdhara vyAkaraNAcArya abhinandama-grantha honevAle matijJAnameM usa usa indriyase honevAle darzanako hI kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| yadi bhinna samayakA darzana bhinna samayake jJAnameM kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai to "amuka prakArake jJAna meM amuka prakArakA darzana hI kAraNa hotA hai| isa prakArakA pratiniyata kAryakAraNabhAva alpajJake darzanopayoga aura jJAnopayogameM nahIM bana sakatA hai, kyoMki phira to avadhidarzanake bAda bhI matijJAna ho jAnA cAhie aura cakSudarzana tathA acakSudarzanake bAda bhI avadhijJAna ho jAnA cAhie / lekina jaba aisA apratiniyata kAryakAraNabhAva na to saMbhava hai aura na mAnA hI gayA hai to isakA Azaya yahI hai ki alpajJajIvake bhI darzanake sadbhAvameM hI jJAna haA karatA hai, darzanake anantara usake abhAvameM nhiiN| zaMkA-darzanopayogako AgamameM sAmAnyagrahaNa, nirAkAra, nirvikalpaka aura avyavasAyAtmaka tathA jJAnopayogako vizeSagrahaNa, sAkAra, savikalpaka aura vyavasAyAtmaka svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, ataH paraspara virodhapanA honekI vajahase darzana aura jJAnakA eka kAlameM sadbhAva mAnanA ayukta hai ? samAdhAna-ukta prakArakA virodhIpanA jaba sarvajJake darzana aura jJAnake andara bhI vidyamAna hai aura phira bhI usake darzana aura jJAna sAtha-sAtha eka hI kAlameM utpanna hote aura avasthita rahate haiM to isakA Azaya yahI hai ki darzana aura jJAnakA ukta prakArakA virodhIpanA unake eka kAlameM ekasAtha utpanna hone yA rahane meM bAdhaka nahIM hotA hai| yadi kahA jAya ki vAstavameM sarvajJake sarvadA sirpha jJAnopayoga hI rahatA hai-usake darzanakA adbhAva to kevala upacAra mAtra hai to isa tarahase phira jIvameM jJAnazaktise pRthak darzananAmakI eka zakti aura usake AvAraka svataMtra darzanAvaraNakarmako svIkAra karane kI AvazyakatA hI kyA raha jAtI hai ? isaliye darzanopayogake sAmAnyagrahaNa Adi aura jJAnopayogake vizeSagrahaNa Adi saMketoMkA ThIka-ThIka artha na samajha sakaneke kAraNa ho yaha bhrama paidA ho gayA hai ki darzana aura jJAna paraspara virodhI hai / ataH isa bhramakA nirAkaraNa karaneke liye yahA~para ukta saMketoMke arthapara tathA darzanake svarUpapara dRSTi DAla lenA Avazyaka hai vartamAnameM darzanake nimnalikhita artha pracalita hai1. vastuvizeSakA bodharahita "hai" ityAkAraka mAnakA nAma darzana hai| 2. pahale padArthase upayoga haTaneke bAda jabataka dUsare padArthase upayoga nahIM jur3a jAtA, isa antarAla meM jo kevala Atmabodha huA karatA hai usako darzana samajhanA caahiye| 3. ukta prakArake antarAlameM caitanyakI jo anupayukta avasthA rahatI hai usakA nAma darzana hai| darzanake ukta pracalita arthoM se pahale aura dUsare prakArake artha isaliye galata haiM ki ukta arthoke svIkAra karanese darzana bhI jJAnakI taraha savikalpaka, sAkAra aura vyavasAyAtmaka ho jaaygaa| tIsarA artha isaliye galata hai ki aisA koI kSaNa nahIM, jisameM caitanya anupayukta avasthAmeM rahatA ho| sAtha hI anupayukta caitanyako darzanopayoga mAnanese darzanakI upayogAtmakatA samApta ho jaaygii| tIsare anupayukta caitanyako darzana aura upayukta caitanyako jJAna svIkAra kara lenese darzanAvaraNakarmakA pRthak astitva svIkAra karanA asaMgata ho jaaygaa| mere matase darzanakA artha hai AtmapradezoMmeM jJeya padArthake AkArakA A jaanaa| isa prakAra jisa kAlameM jisa jJeya padArthakA AkAra Amoda AtmapradezoMmeM AtA hai usa kAlameM usa padArthakA hI bodha huA karatA hai, sarvajJake darzanAvaraNakarmakA sarvathA kSaya ho jAneke sababase samasta AtmapradezoMmeM saMpUrNa padArtha pratikSaNa svabhAvataH pratibimbita hote rahate haiM / ataH sarvajJako pratikSaNa saMpUrNa padArthokA jJAna hotA rahatA hai| lekina alpajJake AtmapradezoMmeM jJeya padArthakA pratibimbita honA nimittAdhIna hai arthAta pratiniyata padArthoM kA pratiniyata indriya dvArA pratiniyata AtmapradezoMmeM jaba-jaba AkAra AtA hai taba-taba usa-usa iMdriya dvArA una-una padAthokA matijJAna haA
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________________ 4/varzana aura nyAya : 61 karatA hai aura taba darzanako bhI usa-usa indriyakA darzana kahA jAtA hai| zrutajJAna matijJAnapUrvaka huA karatA hai, ataH usake liye darzanake sadbhAvakI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai / avadhijJAnameM darzanako AvazyakatA rahatI hai arthAta pratiniyata AtmapradezoMmeM pratiniyata padArthokA binA indriyoMkI sahAyatAke jo pratibimba AtA hai usake sadabhAvameM avadhijJAna huA karatA hai aise pratibimbako avadhidarzana kahate haiN| manaHparyayajJAna IhAmatijJAna pUrvaka huA karatA hai, ataH IhAmatijJAnameM jisa darzanakI apekSA rahatI hai vahI darzana manaHparyayajJAnake samaya vidyamAna rahatA hai| isa vivecanakA niSkarSa yaha hai ki 1. eka padArtha yA nAnA athavA saMpUrNa padArthoMkA AtmapradezoMmeM indriya Adi nimittasApekSa athavA nimittakI apekSArahita pratibimbita honA hI darzana kahalAtA hai| 2. isa prakArake darzanake sadbhAvameM hI sarvajJa aura alpajJa donoM tarahake jIvoMko padArthajJAna haA karatA hai anyathA nhiiN| 3. pratiniyata darzana hI pratiniyata padArthajJAnameM kAraNa huA karatA hai / ukta darzana sAmAnyagrahaNarUpa hai kyoMki usameM jJAnakI taraha pramANatA aura apramANatAkA vizeSa (bheda) nahIM pAyA jAtA hai aura isakA kAraNa hama pahale batalA Aye haiM ki darzanameM svaparavyavasAyAtmakatAkA sarvathA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai jabaki svaparavyavasAyAtmakatA pramANatAkA tathA svavyavasAyAtmakatAke rahate hue paravyavasAyAtmakatAkA abhAva apramANatAkA cihna mAnA jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki ukta darzanameM padArthakA avalambana honekI vajahase vaha padArthagrahaNarUpa to hotA hai phira bhI vaha draSTAko apanA saMvedana karAne meM asamartha rahatA hai aura jo apanA saMvedana nahIM karA sakatA hai vaha parakA saMvedana kaise karA sakatA hai ? isaliye darzanako "sAmAnyagrahaNa" zabdase pukAranA upayukta hI hai / jJAna cAhe pramANa ho yA cAhe apramANa ho--usameM svasaMvedakatA to hara hAlatameM rahatI hI hai ataH use (jJAnako) "vizeSagrahaNa' zabdase pukArA jAtA hai / ukta darzanako nirAkAra bhI kahate haiM kyoMki usameM pUrvokta prakArase svasaMvedakatA aura parasaMvedakatA donoMkA abhAva honeke kAraNa na to pramANatAkA AkAra pAyA jAtA hai aura na apramANatAkA hI AkAra pAyA jJAtA hai| isI prakAra ukta darzanako avyavasAyAtmaka bhI kahate haiM kyoMki hama batalA cuke haiM ki usameM svasaMvedakatA aura parasaMvedakatA donoMkA abhAva rahatA hai jabaki pramANajJAnameM svasaMvedakatA aura parasaMvedakatA donoMkA sadabhAva aura apramANajJAnameM parasaMvedakatAkA abhAva rahate hae bhI kama-se-kama svasaMvedakatAkA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra jo avyavasAyAtmaka hotA hai vaha savikalpaka nahIM ho sakatA hai isaliye darzanako "nirvikalpaka" zabdase bhI pukArA jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jisa prakAra ghaDeko viSaya karanevAle pramANajJAnameM ''maiM dhar3eko jAnatA hU~" aisA vikalpa aura ukta jJAnake viSayabhata ghar3emeM "yaha ghar3A hai" aisA vikalpa jJAtAko hotA hai tathA apramANajJAna ke bheda saMzaya, viparIta aura anadhyavasAya ina tInoMmeM kramase 'sopa hai yA cA~dI" yA sIpameM "yaha cA~dI hai" athavA "kucha hai" isa prakAra vastUkI anirNIta avasthAkA rUpa jJAnavikalpa aura viSayavikalpa jJAtAko hote rahate haiM usa prakAra ghar3A Adi padArthoke ukta prakArake darzanameM "maiM ghar3ekA darzana kara rahA hU~" yA "yaha ghar3A hai' Adi vikalpoMkA honA saMbhava nahIM hai. kyoMki pUrvokta prakArase darzanameM svavyasAyAtmakatA aura paravyavasAyAtmakatA donoMkA abhAva vidyamAna rahatA hai / ataH darzanako nirvikalpaka kahA gayA hai / isa prakAra darzana aura jJAnameM sAmAnya aura vizeSa, nirAkAra aura sAkAra, avyavasAyAtmaka aura vyavasAyAtmaka tathA nirvikalpaka aura savikalpakakA bheda rahate hue bhI ina donoMkA eka kAlameM eka sAtha sadbhAva pAyA jAnA asaMbhava nahIM ThaharatA hai| AzA hai darzanopayogake bAre meM maiMne yahA~para jo vicAra upasthita kiye haiM unapara vidvajjanoMkA avazya hI dhyAna jaaygaa|