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________________ jaina darzana ke mUla 34 jaina darzana meM SaTdravya, sAta tatva yA nava padArthaM mAne gaye haiM / jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla ye padravya haiM / jIva, ajIva, Azrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA tathA mokSa ye sAta tatva haiN| ina sAta tatvoM meM puNya, pApa kA samAveza karane se nava padArtha bana jAte haiM / Sadravya, sAta tatva aura navapadArtha meM mukhya do tatva haiM / jIva aura ajIva / inhIM ke saMyoga aura viyoga para saba tatvoM kI racanA hotI hai / jIva kA pratipakSI ajIva hai, jIva cetanAvAnajJAna-darzanayukta hai / ajIva acetana hai aura jJAna darzana rahita hai| jaina, bauddha aura sAMkhya darzana ke anusAra jagata ke mUla meM cetana aura acetana aise do tatva haiN| jaina darzana meM use hI jIva aura ajIva kahA hai| sAMkhya darzana ne use puruSa aura prakRti kahA hai tathA bauddha darzana ne jise nAma aura rUpa kahA hai| jIvoM kI saMkhyA anantAnaMta hai / ve jitane haiM utane hI rahate haiM, na ghaTate haiM, na bar3hate haiN| koI bhI jIva nayA paidA nahIM hotA hai, na kisI kA vinAza hotA hai / tatvataH pratyeka jIva ajanmA aura avinAzI hai / una anantAnanta jIvoM meM kaI jIva azuddha rUpa meM aura kaI zuddha rUpa meM pAye jAte haiN| jo azuddha rUpa meM haiM unheM saMsArI jIva aura zuddha rUpa vAle ko mukta jIva kahate haiM"saMsAriNamuktAzca" tatvArtha sUtra tatvoM kA mukta hone para jIva kI kabhI ajIva se saMbaMdha hone kI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI / jIva kI yahI vaha avasthA hai jo usakA ma lakSya hotI hai / aura isI avasthA ko prApta karane ke liye parajIvAtmA sadA prayatnazIla rahatA hai / sAdhvI dharmazIlA ema. e. sAhityaratna jIva ke svarUpa kA vizleSaNa karate hue AcArya nemIcandrajI ne dravyasaMgraha meM likhA hai ki : " tikkAle cadupANA india balamAu ANapANo ya / bahArI so jIvo NiccaraNayo du cedaNA jassa / " kA saMkSipta svarUpa arthAt vyAvahArika dRSTi se tInoM kAloM meM jisake indriya, balaH manobala, vacanabala, kAyabala : Ayu aura zvAsocchvAsa ye cAra prANa pAye jAte haiM vaha jIva kahalAtA hai / parantu nizcayAtmaka dRSTi se jisameM cetanA - upayoga pAI jAtI hai vaha jIva kahalAtA hai| jIva ke liye aura bhI kahA hai jIvoogamao amRti katA sadeha pariNAmo bhotA saMsAra siddho so visohagaI // arthAt jIva upayogamaya jJAna darzana yukta amUrta svakarmoM kA kartA, apanI deha kA pariNAma vAlA karmaphala kA bhoga karanevAlA hotA hai / karmarahita, siddha avasthA prApta karane para vaha niyama se Urdhva gativAlA hotA hai / jIva AtmA jJAnadarzanamaya tathA sUkSma hone ke kAraNa amUrta hai| usakA koI rUpa nahIM hotA, isaliye indriyAtIta: agocara: hai / kintu jaba taka rAgadveSAdi kaSAyarUpa pariNAmoM ke kAraNa ajIva : pudgala zarIra se usakA saMbaMdha hai taba taka vaha zarIradhArI hone se mUrta sparza-gaMdhAdi guNa vAlA rahatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM zuddhAvasthA meM mUrta cAka hotA hai| AtmA meM saMkoca - prasAraNa kI zakti hotI hai| ataH vaha sUkSma evaM sthUla zarIroM meM praveza karake una zarIroM meM pariNAma vAlA hone meM samartha hotA hai| vaha sva-karma kA kartA aura unake phala kA bhoktA bhI hai| kintu jaba kaSAya rUpa pariNAmoM ke bhAra se halkA ho jAtA hai taba Urdhvagamana karake siddhAvasthA ko prApta kara letA hai / jisa prakAra miTTI se sanI tumbI miTTI ke bhAra ke kAraNa jala meM DUba jAtI hai / parantu jyoMhIM usakA miTTI kA bhAra halkA ho jAtA hai, vaha Urdhvagati se pAnI ke Upara A jAtI hai, kyoMki yaha usakA svabhAva hai / usI prakAra jIvAtmA bhI karmoM ke bhAra se bhArI hone ke kAraNa saMsArarUpI jalodadhi meM rAjendra- jyoti ,
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________________ DUbA rahatA hai, parantu karmoM kA bhAra halkA ho jAne para : zuddhAvasthA meM : vaha bhI Urdhvagati karatA haA siddhAvasthA ko prApta karake zuddha avasthA yukta jIva bana jAtA hai| saMsArI jIva indriya saMpanna hote haiN| ataH indriyoM kI dRSTi se bhI usakA vargIkaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| indriyA~ pA~ca hotI haiM-1. sparzana, 2. rasanA, 3. ghrANa, 4. cakSu, 5. krnn| indriyoM kA yaha krama vastutaH bar3A vaijJAnika hai| karNendriyavAlA avazya hI pA~coM indriyoM kA svAmI hotA hai / cAindriyavAlA cAra indriyayukta hogA usako karNendriya nahIM hotI hai| isa prakAra anya indriyoM ke viSayoM meM bhI samajhanA caahiye| ata: indriyoM kI dRSTi se saMsArI jIva pA~ca prakAra kA hI hotA hai-- 1. ekendriya jIva-ise kevala sparzana indriya hI hogii| anya indriyA~ nahIM hotiiN| jaise per3a, paudhe ityAdi / inheM sthAvara jIva kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| 2. dvIndriya jIva, 3. triindriya jIva 4. caturindriya jIva va 5. paMcendriya jIva / ina cAra prakAra ke jIvoM ko trasa jIva kahate haiM paMcendriya jIvoM meM bhI kucha aise hote haiM jo manavAle hote haiM unheM samanaska yA saMjJI-jIva kahate haiM / kintu kucha jIva binA mana ke bhI hote haiM, ve amanaska yA asaMjJI jIva kahalAte haiM / ajIba tatva jIva tatva se viparIta svarUpavAlA hai| AtmA ke guNoM se vihIna jitane bhI padArtha astitva meM haiM ve saba ajIva tatva ke aMtargata A jAte haiN| dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura pudgala ajIva haiM / dharma gatisahAyaka tatva hai / adharma sthiti sahAyaka tatva hai| AkAza sthAna denevAlA hai| kAla samaya batAne vAlA aura pudgala jo sabhI kucha AMkhoM se dikhAI de use pudgala kahate haiN| pudgala rUpI hai aura jIvAtmA se anitya saMbaMdha hotA hai / darzana kI bhASA meM jIvAtmA se saMbaMdha karane vAle pudgaloM ko kArmANa yA karmavargaNA yA karma kahate haiN| ina karmoM kA kArya hai AtmA ke svAbhAvika guNoM para AvaraNa meM par3a jAne para jIvAtmA apane zuddha rUpa ko vismaraNa karake saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai, AvAgamana karatA hai| puNya tatva-jina karmoM se puNya kA baMdha ho vaha puNya tatva hai| usake nava bheda haiN| pApatatva-jina karmoM se pApa kA baMdha ho vaha pApa tatva hai| usake 18 bheda haiN| Asrava tatva-jaba AtmA meM ina paudgalika karmoM kA AnA prAraMbha hotA hai, taba isa Agamana ko dArzanika bhASA meM Asrava tatva kI saMjJA dI jAtI hai| isake kAraNa hI jIva ajIva tatvoM kA saMbaMdha hotA hai| aura jaba taka yaha saMbaMdha banA rahatA hai taba taka jIva saMsArAvasthA meM hI rahatA hai| ___ saMvaratatva -jIvAtmA apanI sAdhanA dvArA karmoM ke Agamana ko rokane kA prayAsa karatA hai to usa rukane kA nAma hai "sNvr"| kintu vaha saMvara tatva AtmA ke sAtha baMdhe huve karmoM ko kSaya karane meM samartha nahIM hotaa| nirjarA tatva-pUrvabaddha karmoM kA abhAva karane ke liye tapazcaryA kI AvazyakatA hotI hai aura tapasyA dvArA hI una karmoM kA dhIredhIre abhAva hotA hai / karmoM kA kSaya karanA yAne nirjarA hai| baMdha-Asrava ke kAraNa Ane vAle karma AtmA se cipaTate haiM, baMdhate jAte haiM / AtmA ina karmoM ke bandhana meM nizcita kAlasthiti taka baMdhA rahatA hai| isI baMdhana kA nAma bandha tatva hai| mokSa-nirjarA karate-karate jaba karmoM kA Atyantika abhAva yA vinAza ho jAtA hai taba AtmA baMdhana se mukti prApta karatA hai| isa avasthA kA nAma hai-mokss| mokSa kI prApti hI jIvana kA carama lakSya hai| yahI paramAnandAvasthA hai| jise pAne ke bAda kucha pAnA bAkI nahIM rahatA hai| jise pAne ke liye sabhI dharmoM ke sabhI prayatna haiN| mAnavamAtra ko isI kI prApti ke liye sabhI sAdhanA aura sabhI ArAdhanA hai| sabhI dharmAnuSThAna isI kI prApti ke liye hote haiN| mokSa hI AtmA kI svAbhAvika avasthA hai| yaha sat, cit, Ananda kI avasthA hai| yahI jIvAtmA ke brahmabhAva kI prApti hai / saMkSepa meM vizuddha Atma svarUpa ko prakaTa karane ko mokSa kahate haiN| jaina darzana ke ina nava tatvoM kA yaha saMkSepa meM nirUpaNa hai / jisa vyakti ne manuSya-jIvana pAkara jitanA adhika AtmavizvAsa sampAdita kara liyA hai, vaha utanA adhika zAntipUrvaka sanmArga para ArUr3ha ho sakatA hai| -rAjendra sUri vI. ni. saM. 2503 Jain Education Intemational