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________________ jaina AgamoM meM Ayurveda viSayaka vivaraNa DaoN0 tejasiMha gaur3a jaina Agama graMtha mUlataH prAdhyAtmika graMtha haiN| phira bhI ina graMthoM meM prasaMgAnusAra dharmadarzana ke sAtha hI itara viSayoM kA bhI vivaraNa upalabdha hotA hai| prastuta laghu nibaMdha ke mAdhyama se prAgama graMthoM meM upalabdha Ayurveda viSayaka vivaraNa prastuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA jA rahA hai| jaina dRSTi se Ayurveda kI utpatti kA vivaraNa navIM zatAbdI meM hue AcArya ugrAdityAcArya ne apane Ayurveda graMtha kalyANakAraka meM isa prakAra diyA hai "zrI RSabhadeva svAmI ke samavasaraNa meM bharata cakravartI prAdi bhavyoM ne pahuMcakara zrI bhagavaMta kI savinaya vandanA kI aura bhagavAn se nimnalikhita prakAra se pUchane lage--- 'bho svAmin ! pahale bhogabhUmi ke samaya manuSya kalpavRkSoM se utpanna aneka prakAra kI bhogopabhoga sAmagriyoM se sukha bhogate the| yahA~ bhI khUba sukha bhogakara tadanantara svarga pahuMcakara vahA~ bhI sukha bhogate the| vahAM se phira manuSya bhava meM prAkara aneka puNya kAryoM ko kara apaneapane iSTa sthAnoM ko prApta karate the| bhagavan ! aba bhAratavarSa ko karmabhUmi kA rUpa milA hai| jo carama zarIrI haiM va upapAda janma meM janma lene vAle haiM, unako to aba bhI apamaraNa nahIM hai / unako dIrgha AyuSya prApta hotA hai| parantu aise bhI bahuta se manuSya paidA hote haiM jinakI Ayu lambI nahIM rahatI aura unako vAta, pitta, kaphAdi doSoM kA udreka hotA rahatA hai| unake dvArA kabhI zAMti aura kabhI uSNa va kAlakrama se mithyA AhAra sevana karane meM AtA hai| isalie aneka prakAra ke rogoM se pIr3ita hote haiN| ve nahIM jAnate ki kauna-sA AhAra grahaNa karanA cAhie aura kauna-sA nahIM lenA cAhiye / isaliye unakI svAsthya-rakSA ke liye yogya upAya btaaveN| Apa zaraNAgatoM ke rakSaka haiM / isa prakAra bharata ke prArthanA karane para AdinAtha bhagavaMta ne divya-dhvani ke dvArA puruSa lakSaNa, zarIra, zarIra kA bheda, doSotpatti, cikitsA, kAlabheda Adi sabhI bAtoM kA vistAra se varNana kiyaa| tadanantara unake ziSya gaNadhara va bAda ke tIrthaMkaroM ne va muniyoM ne Ayurveda kA prakAza usI prakAra kiyaa| vaha zAstra eka samudra ke samAna hai, gambhIra hai|" isa vivaraNa se sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki jaina sAhitya meM Ayurveda kI paramparA prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhanAtha ke dvArA prarUpita hai aura zruta-paramparA se calI A rahI hai| isa vivaraNa ke pazcAt hama Agama graMthoM meM upalabdha Ayurveda viSayaka ullekha ko yahA~ prastuta karane kA prayAsa kreNge| cikitsA ke aMga-cikitsA ke cAra aMga hote haiN| jaise-(1) vaidya, (2) proSadha, (3) rogI aura (4) paricAraka yA paricaryA karane vaalaa|2 1. kalyANakAraka, sampAdakIya, pRSTha 25-26 2. sthAnAMgasUtra, 4 / 4 / 516
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________________ jaina AgamoM meM Ayurveda viSayaka vivaraNa | 325 vyAdhiyoM ke prakAra-vyAdhiyoM kI utpatti jina kAraNoM se hotI hai unheM cAra prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai / yathA (1) vAtika-vAyu ke vikAra se utpanna hone vAlI vyAdhi / (2) paittika-pitta ke vikAra se utpanna hone vAlI vyAdhi / (3) zlaiSmika-kapha ke vikAra se utpanna hone vAlI vyAdhi / (4) sAnnipAtika-vAta, pitta aura kapha ke sammilita vikAra se utpanna hone vAlI vyAdhi / / yadi sampUrNa prAgama sAhitya kA adhyayana, vivecana kiyA jAve to usake anusAra rogotpatti ke nau kAraNa hote haiM (1) pratimAhAra, (2) ahitAzana, (3) ati nidrA, (4) prati jAgaraNa, (5) mUtrAvarodha (6) malAvarodha, (7) adhvagamana, (8) pratikUla bhojana aura (9) kAma-vikAra / yadi ina nau kAraNoM se manuSya bacatA rahe to use roga utpanna hone kA bhaya bilkula nahIM rhtaa| jaina AgamoM kA avalokana karane se jJAta hotA hai ki usameM ahiMsA tattva kI pradhAnatA hai aura usameM ahiMsA ko sarvopari pratiSThApita kiyA gayA hai| prAcArAMgasUtra' kA eka udAharaNa isa bAta ko siddha karane ke liye paryApta hai| vahAM kahA gayA hai-apane ko cikitsA-paMDita batAte hue kucha vaidya cikitsA meM pravRtta hote haiM / vaha aneka jIvoM kA hanana, bhedana, lumpana, vilumpana aura prANa-vadha karate haiN| 'jo pahale kisI ne nahIM kiyA, aisA maiM karUgA' yaha mAnatA huA vaha jIva-vadha karatA hai / vaha jisakI cikitsA karatA hai, vaha bhI jIva-vadha meM sahabhAgI hotA hai| isa prakAra kI hiMsA-pradhAna cikitsA karane vAle ajJAnI kI saMgati se kyA lAbha ! jo cikitsA karavAtA hai, vaha bhI ajJAnI hai| anagAra aisI cikitsA nahIM karavAtA / isa prakAra yahA~ cikitsA meM hiMsA kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| cikitsaka-vaidya yA cikitsaka cAra prakAra ke kahe gaye haiN| jaise (1) Atmacikitsaka, na paracikitsaka-koI vaidya apanA ilAja karatA hai, kiMtu dUsare kA ilAja nahIM karatA / (2) paracikitsaka, na Atmacikitsaka koI vaidya dUsare kA ilAja karatA hai, kiMtu apanA ilAja nahIM krtaa| (3) Atmacikitsaka bhI, paracikitsaka bhI-koI vaidya apanA bhI ilAja karatA hai aura dUsare kA bhI ilAja karatA hai| 1. vahI, 4 / 4 / 515 2. 206 / 94
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 326 (4) na Atma cikitsaka, na paracikitsaka koI vaidya na apanA ilAja karatA hai aura na dUsare kA hI ilAja karatA hai / ' * sthAnAMgasUtra meM hI eka anya sthAna para kAyanapuNika kA ullekha hai, jo zarIra kI iDA piMgalA Adi nAr3iyoM kA vizeSajJa hotA thA, jise hama zrAja bhI nAr3Ivaidya kI saMjJA se abhihita karate haiN| dUsare cikitsAnepuNika kA ullekha hai jise zArIrika cikitsA karane meM kuzala batAyA hai / jJAtAdharmakathAGga meM cikitsAzAlA kA ullekha hai| jisameM vetanabhogI baMdha tathA anya karmacArI rogiyoM kI sevA-zuzrUSA ke lie kAryarata rahate the| vivaraNa isa prakAra hai nanda maNikAra seTha ne pazcima dizA ke vanakhaNDa meM eka vizAla cikitsAzAlA bnvaaii| vaha bhI aneka sau khaMbhoM vAlI yAvat manohara thii| usa cikitsAzAlA meM bahuta se vaidha, baMdha-putra, jJAyaka ( vaidyazAstra na par3hane para bhI anubhava ke AdhAra se cikitsA karane vAle anubhavI ), jJAyaka putra kuzala ( apane tarka se hI cikitsA ke jJAtA ) mora kuzalaputra AjIvikA, bhojana aura vetana para niyukta kiye hue the| ve bahuta se vyAdhitoM kI glAnoM kI, rogiyoM kI paura durbaloM kI cikitsA karate rahate the / usa cikitsAzAlA meM dUsare bhI bahuta se loga AjIvikA, bhojana aura vetana dekara rakhe gaye the / ve una vyAdhitoM, rogiyoM, glAnoM aura durbaloM kI prISadha, bheSaja, bhojana aura pAnI se sevA-zuzrUSA karate the / " 1 " isa vivaraNa se sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki usa kAla meM sArvajanika svAsthya ke prati uttaradAyitva kI bhAvanA vidyamAna thii| sAtha hI vyavasthAkartA kA udAra dRSTikoNa bhI prakaTa hotA hai / Ayurveda ke prakAra Ayurveda ATha prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai yathA1. kumArabhRtya yA kaumAramRtya- bAla rogoM kA cikitsAzAstra / - 2. kAyacikitsA- zArIrika rogoM kA cikitsAzAstra | 3. zAlAkya ---zalAkA ke dvArA nAka, kAna Adi ke rogoM kA cikitsAzAstra | 4. zalyahatyA yA zAlyahatyA - Ayurveda kA vaha aMga jisameM zalya kaNTaka, golI zrAdi nikAlane kI vidhi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / zastra dvArA cIraphAr3a karane kA zAstra / 5. jaMgolI yA jAMgula Ayurveda kA vaha vibhAga jisameM viSoM kI cikitsA kA vidhAna hai| 4. 6. bhUtavidyA- bhUta, preta, yakSAdi se pIr3ita vyakti kI cikitsA kA zAstra / 7. kSArataMtra yA bAjIkaraNa-bAjIkaraNa, vIryavardhaka auSadhiyoM kA zAstra / rasAyana pArada Adi dhAtu-rasoM Adi ke dvArA cikitsA kA zAstra, arthAt 8. 1. sthAnAMgasUtra 414517 2. 9 / 28 3. 13 / 17 4. sthAnAMgasUtra, 8 / 26, vipAkasUtra 1178 dhammo dIvo saMsAra samudra meM
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________________ jaina AgamoM meM Ayurveda viSayaka vivaraNa | 327 3 Ayu ko sthira karane vAlI va vyAdhi-vinAzaka auSadhiyoM kA vidhAna karane vAlA prakaraNavizeSa / vipAkasUtra meM Ayurveda ke pATha prakAroM kA vivaraNa dekara Age batAyA gayA hai ki dhanvantarI vaidya rAjA tathA anya rogiyoM ko mAMsabhakSaNa kA upadeza detA thA, isa kAraNa vaha (apane pApakarmoM ke kAraNa) kAla karake chaTrI naraka pRthvI meM utkRSTa 22 sAgaropama kI sthiti vAle nArakiyoM meM nAraka rUpa se utpanna hunaa|' prAcArAMgasUtra meM nimnalikhita solaha rogoM kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai (1) gaNDamAlA, (2) kor3ha, (3) rAjayakSmA, (4) apasmAra (mRgI), (5) kANatva, (6) jar3atA (aMgopAgoM meM zUnyatA), (7) kuNitva (TUTApana, eka hAtha yA paira choTA aura bar3A-vikalAMga honA), (8) kubar3Apana, (9) udararoga (jalodara, aphArA, udarazUla Adi), (10) mUkaroga (gUMgApana), (11) zotharoga-sUjana, (12) bhasmakaroga, (13) kampanavAta, (14) pIThasapI-paMgutA, (15) zlIpada roga-hAthIpagA evaM (16) madhumeha / vipAkasUtra meM jina solaha bhayaMkara rogoM kA ullekha hai, ve uparyukta solaha rogoM se bhinna haiN| yathA (1) zvAsa, (2) kAsa, (3) dAha, (4) kukSizUla, (5) bhagandara, (6) arza, (7) ajIrNa, (8) dRSTizUla, (9) mastaka zUla, (10) arocaka, (11) akSivedanA, (12) karNavedanA, (13) khujalI, (14) jalodara, (15) kor3ha, (16) bavAsIra / jJAtAdharmakathAGga meM bhI uparyukta solaha prakAra ke rogoM ke nAma milate haiM, kintu kucha antara bhI dikhAI detA hai| jJAtAdharmakathA meM pAye jAne vAle solaha rogoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM (1) zvAsa, (2) kAsa, (3) jvara, (4) dAha, (5) kukSizUla, (6) bhagandara, (7) arza, (8) ajIrNa, (9) netrazUla, (10) mastakazUla, (11) bhojana viSayaka aruci, (12) netravedanA, (13) karNavedanA, (14) kaMDU, (15) dakodara-jalodara praura (16) kor3ha / rogiyoM kI cikitsA ke lie cikitsAzAlA (aspatAla) to hotI thI, kintu vaidya apane gharoM se zAstrakoza lekara nikalate the aura roga kA nidAna jAnakara abhyaMga, ubaTana, snehapAna, vamana virecana, avadahana (garma lohe kI zalAkA prAdi se dAganA), avasnAna (prauSadhi ke jala se snAna), anuvAsanA, (gudA dvArA peTa meM tailAdi ke praveza karAne), vastikarma (carmaveSTana dvArA sira Adi meM tela lagAnA athavA gudAbhAga meM battI prAdi car3hAnA), niruha (eka prakAra kA virecana), zirAvedha (nAr3I vedha kara rakta nikAlanA), takSaNa (chure prAdi se tvacA Adi kATanA), pratakSaNa (tvacA kA thor3A bhAga kATanA), zirovasti (sira meM carmakoza bA~dhakara usameM saMskRta tela kA pUranA), tarpaNa (zarora meM tela lagAnA), puTapAka (pAka) 1. vipAkasUtra, 117 / 9-10 2. prathamazrutaskaMdha 8 / 1 / 179 3. za22 4. 13121
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________________ jaina AgamoM meM Ayurveda viSayaka vivaraNa | 329 vizeSa meM taiyAra kI huI auSadhi tathA chAla, vallI mUla, kaMda, patra, puSpa, phala, bIja, zilikA (cirAyatA prAdi kar3avI auSadhi), guTikA auSadhi Adi se upacAra karate the| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jaina Agama graMtha yadyapi AdhyAtmika graMtha haiM, phira bhI prasaMgAnusAra unameM Ayurveda viSayaka mahattvapUrNa jAnakArI upalabdha hotI hai| yahAM to kucha hI Agama graMthoM ko AdhAra banAyA gayA hai, jinameM Ayurveda ke aMga, vaidya ke prakAra, Ayurveda ke prakAra, cikitsAzAlA aura cikitsAvidhi kA ullekha prApta huA hai| yadi samagra Agama sAhitya kA anuzIlana kiyA jAya to merA dRDha vicAra hai ki AgamoM se Ayurveda viSayaka eka acchI pustaka taiyAra ho sakatI haiN| viSaya vizeSajJoM se isa dizA meM kucha prayAsa karane kA prAgraha hai| isa anuzIlana se yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki vartamAna yuga meM pracalita kucha asAdhya rogoM ke upacAra kA mArga prazasta ho| 00 -11 aMkapAta mArga galI naM. 2, kAjIvAr3A ujjaina (ma.pra.) 456006 1. (i) jJAtAdharmakathAGga, 13122 (ii) vipAkasUtra, 1123