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________________ gujarAtI bhASAmAM dArzanika tattvajJAna [4] bhAratanI jJAnasamRddhi bahu jUnA vakhatathI jANItI che ane apAra che. te aneka jAtanI che. e jJAnasamRddhinI aneka zAkhAmAM eka ja zAkhA A vidyAnA abhyutthAnakALamAM haju paNa evI rahI che ke jenI khAkhatamAM pazcimIya vicArakAnI dRSTi paNa bhArata tarapha rahe che. e zAkhA te dAnika vidyAnI zAkhA. bhAratIya dRvidyAnI traNa pradhAna zAkhAmAM vaidika zAkhA laI e, ane tenA pahelethI DeDa sudhInA sAhityanI racanAnA pradezo tarapha najara pheMkIe te Apane jaNAze ke vaidika danasAhityanI racanAmAM gujarAtanA phALe pahelethI Aja sudhI nathI ja, ve, upaniSado, sUtra, bhASyA, TIkAe ane prakaraNa graMtho ke krADapatra e badhAMnI racanAmAM paMjAba, brahmAvata, kAzI, mithilA, dakSiNa, baMgALa ane kAzmIra janapada vagerene hisse che, paNa ekAda sadigdha apavAdane khAda karIe te e racanAmAM gujarAtane phALe najare nathI ja paDatA. auddha piTakAno udgama to madhamAM thayo. enuM saMskRta saMskaraNu ane pachInuM dAnika sAhitya hindustAnanA badhA bhAgeAmAM janmyuM, gujarAtamAM janmeluM bauddha sAhitya kayuM ane keTaluM che ene spaSTa nirNaya karavA atyAre kaThaNa che, chatAM emAM jarAye zaMkA nathI ke sAtamA saikA pahelAM ate tyAM sudhInA je meTA mATA bauddha maThAmAM guNati, sthiramati jevA asAdhAraNa vidvAna bhikSukA rahetA hatA ane bhaNAvatA tyAM bauddha sAhitya avazya racAyuM hatuM. dhicaSvatAra jevA viziSTa graMthanI racanA kAThiyAvADamAM (saurASTramAM) ja thayAnuM kapAya che. AvI sthiti chatAM gujarAtane zaramAvA ke sakocAvA jevuM kazuM ja nathI, tenuM kAraNa e che ke teNe jaina dArzanika sAhityanI racanAmAM moTAmAM meATA phALA ApyA che. ApaNe jANIe chIe ke mULamAM te jaina darzananuM sAhitya khau darzananA sAhityanI peThe magadhamAM ja janma pAmeluM, paNa pachInA
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________________ gujarAtI bhASAmAM dArzanika tattvajJAna ( 1043 kALamAM tenI racanA dakSiNa ane uttara hindusthAnamAM thatI gaI ane chellAM paMdaraso varSane ItihAsa spaSTa kahe che ke jenA darzananA pradhAnatama sAhityanI racanA, tenI puravaNI ane tene vikAsa e badhuM gujarAtamAM ja thayuM che. gujarAte mAtra jaina darzananA sAhityane janmAvI ke vikasAvIne ja saMtoSa nathI mAnyo, paNa eNe te potAnI kheLImAM judA judA prAMtamAM janmelA ane UcharelA kImatI sAhityane bahu kALajIthI saMbhALI rAkhyuM che ane tethI ja keTalAye apUrva ane durlabha graMtha te ekamAtra gujarAtanA khUNekhAMcarethI ja atyAre paNa jaDI Ave che. darzana sAhityane utpanna karavAnI, rahAvAnI ane sAcavavAnI gauravagAthA TUMkamAM ATalI ja che, paNa e sAhitya eTale pAkRta, pAli ane saMskRta bhASAmAM lakhAyeluM sAhitya eTaluM ja, jyArathI ukta bhASAo. bolacAlamAMthI lepa pANI ane vidvAnonA paThana-pAThananI ja bhASA rahI, mAtra zAstrIya bhASA tarIke ja ene upayoga rahyo ane e bhASAomAM vastu vicAravAno pravAta ocho thaI gayo ane tenI jagyAe tenI bIjI lekabhASArUpa putrIo AvI, eTale ke bhASAyuga zarU thaze, tyArathI e lekabhASAomAM darzana-sAhitya keTaluM gujarAtamAM racAyuM che agara te saMskRta AdimAM prathama racAyela darzana-sAhityane gujarAte potAnI cAlu bhASAmAM keTaluM utAryuM che e prazna upasthita thAya che. bauddha saMpradAya te kyAranoya lopa pAmela hovAthI mAtra gujarAtamAM ja nahi paNa anya prAMtamAM sudhdhAM tenA sAhityanI lokabhASAomAM racanA thAya enI zakyatA ja rahI na hatI. paNa jAgatA ane comera patharAyelA vaidika saMpradAyanA dArzanika sAhitya vize paNa gujarAtane lekabhASAmAM phALe taddana sAdhAraNa ja gaNAya. narasiMha mahetA, mIrAMbAI, dAda, akho ke svAmInArAyaNa saMpradAyanA keTalAka sAdhuo vagere, jeo mukhyapaNe bhakta ja hatA, temaNe potAnI bhaktinI ajaba dhUnamAM prasaMgavaza je tAtvika vicAre lekabhASAmAM mUkyA che tene bAda karIe to gujarAtamAM lakhAyele saMgIna ane vyavasthita vaidika tatvajJAnane prakhya ApaNe bhAgye ja meLavI zakIzuM. jainonI jAhojalAlI gujarAtamAM ghaNuM lAMbA kALathI cAlI Ave che. te saMpradAyanA tyAgIo, paNa seMkaDonI saMkhyAmAM gujarAtamAM pahelethI ja thatA ane rahetA AvyA che. temaNe navI navI kRtiothI jJAnabhaMDAra bharI kADhyA che. tema chatAM te te samayanI cAla gujarAtI bhASAmAM teoe tattvajJAnanA prakA ane UMDA graMtha saMskRtastrAkRta bhASAnI peThe lokabhASAmAM ja racyA heya ema
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________________ 1044 ] darzana ane ciMtana bhAgye ja kahI zakAya. be cAra apavAdabhUta kartAone bAda karIe te. badhA lekhakenI mukhya pravRtti bhASAyugamAM paNa saMskRta ane prAkRta bhASA tarapha ja rahI che. loke upara zAstrIya bhASAone prabhAva ane pratiSThA eTalAM badhAM paDelAM ane jAmI gayelAM ke te ja bhASAomAM lakhanAra teonI dRSTimAM vidvAna gaNatA ane tethI ja lekhako jANe-ajANe pracalita lekabhASA choDI zAstrIya bhASAomAM lakhavA prerAtA. AnAM ISTa karatAM aniSTa pari me vadhAre AvyA che. saMskRta ane prAkRta bhASAnI sAcavaNa ane khIlavaNa ISTa pariNAmamAM gaNue te paNa aniSTanuM palluM bhAre ja rahe che, e vAta nIcenA muddAo samajanAra kabUlyA vinA nahi rahe. (1) mAtRbhASA ane belacAlanI bhASAmAM ja karAte vicAra UDe, vyApaka ane phuTa hoI zake e siddhAMta pramANe vicAra eka bhASAmAM ane lakhavAnuM bIjI bhASAmAM hovAthI vicAra ane lekhana vacce asAmaMjasya. (2) zAstrIya bhASAomAM vicAro lakhavAthI sAdhAraNa lekamAM tenI bahu ja ochI pahoMca ane je zeDoghaNe praveza thAya te paNa saMdigdha ane pAMgo. je loko zAstrIya bhASA na jANuvA chatAM pratibhAzIla ane jijJAsu hoya tevA vicAra taraphathI tattvajJAnanA vikAsamAM ochAmAM ocho phALo ane teTalA ja pramANamAM lekabhASAnI ochAmAM ochI khelavaNI. pariNAme tatvajJAna ane cAlu bhASAmAM jIvaMtapaNuM ochuM, navanavApaNuM ane jUnA vArasA upara nabhavApaNuM dhaNuM. vartamAna samayane vicAra karIe te to pahelAM te vicAranI piSaka bhUmikA TUMkAmAM vicArI jaIe, ane te mATe mAtra keTalAka muddAo prazna rUpamAM ja pahelAM mUkI daIe: (4) jIvanamAM tatvajJAnane lagatA vicAronuM sthAna che ke nahi? manuSyatti svAbhAvika rIte ja tatvajJAnanA pradeza tarapha DhaLe che ke nahi ? tatvajJAna meLavavAnI taka te zodhe che ke nahi ? ane saraLa rIte prApta thaI hoya te tene te pasaMda kare che ke nahi ? (4) mAtra puruSavarga ane temAMye mAtra zikSiNavarga ja tatvajJAnamAM rasa le che ke strIvarga ane bIjA sAdhAraNa kaTinA dareka jaNa tattvajJAnane samajavAnA adhikArI hoya che ane teo paNa te bAbatamAM rasa le che? (1) videzI bhASA, zAstrIya bhASA ane paraprAMtanI bhASAmAM gUMthAyela
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________________ gujarAtI bhASAmAM dArzanika tavajJAna [ 1045 vicAre samajavA ane tene pacAvavA e sahaja che ke mAtRbhASAmAM mukAyelA vicAre ane te mAraphata maLatuM jJAna samajavuM ane jIvanamAM utAravuM sahaja che ? () khAsa viziSTa varga ja ane temAMye bahu ucca keLavaNI pAmelA vividha bhASAnA abhyAsIo ja tatvajJAna vize vicAra karI zake ane navanavA prazno upara potAnA vicAre jaNAvI zake tema ja tene vikAsa karI zake ke aneka bhASAo na jANanAra ane mAtra mAtRbhASAmAM bolanAra mANasamAM paNa enI pratibhA saMbhave kharI ke jethI viziSTa vidvAno jeTale ja teo vicAramAM navo phALo ApI zake? (4) cAlu bhASAnI bhUmikAnA tatvajJAnamAM vicAranuM kheDANa ane phelA thavAthI bhASA samRddhi ane tenuM sAmarthya vadhe che ke nahi ane jJAnanI badhI zAkhAone vizeSa vyApaka banAvavA evI bhASAnI samRddhi tathA zakti jarUranAM che ke nahi ? uparanA badhA asti-nAstirUpa praznone uttara hAmAM ja Avato hoya ane ubhaya pakSarUpa praznano uttara bIjA pakSanA svIkAramAM ja Avate heya, te ema svIkAryA sivAya kadI cAlI ja nahi zake ke gujarAtI bhASAmAM bIjI jJAnazAkhAonI peThe tatvajJAnanI zAkhAne khUba kheDavI. have joIe ke e zAkhAne gujarAtI bhASAmAM kheDavI eTale zuM? ane tyAra pachI ApaNe jeluM ke A zAkhA vartamAna gujarAtI bhASAmAM keTalI kheDAI che. eTale ApaNuM kartavya spaSTa thaI jaze. (1) hajAro varSanAM tapa ane ciMtanane pariNAme ApaNuM pUrva ja adhio ane vidvAnoe je tattvajJAnanA pradezamAM anekavidha ane aneka bhASAomAM ApaNane vAraso Apyo che te samagra vArase saraLa ane zuddha gujarAtI bhASAmAM yathArtha paNe utArA ane mULa pAribhASika zabdonI spaSTa vyAkhyA ApI te zabdo cAlu bhASAmAM sugama ane subodha rIte mUkavA. (2) prAcIna tattvajJAnanA mahattvapUrNa pratyeno prAmANika anuvAda ane sphoTana uparAMta tenA sArabhUta TUMkA mananIya nibaMdhe gujarAtImAM lakhavA, jemAM vivecakadaSTi ane tulanAdaSTi niSpakSapaNe kAma karatI hoya. (3) samagra bhAratIya tatvajJAnanI zAkhAone pahelethI TheTha sudhI
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________________ 1046 ] darzana ane ciMtana ItihAsa gujarAtImAM taiyAra karavo ane tevI ja rIte tatvajJAnanA pradezamAM thayelA viziSTa vidvAnonAM prAmANika jIvane AlekhavAM. (4) bhAratIya tatvajJAnamAM mukhyapaNe keTalA viSaye sparzAyelA che ane eka eka viSayane aMge bIjA upaviSaye keTakeTalA che tenI noMdha karI pratyeka viSaya paratve tatvajJAnanI badhI zAkhAo zuM zuM mAnyatA dharAve che tene tulanAtmaka ddhatihAsa gujarAtImAM utAro. (5) bhAsta bahAranA pradezamAM pahelethI atyAra sudhI tatvajJAna vize je je citane thayAM hoya temAMthI mahatvapUrNa bhAga svarUpa, tulanA ane itihAsarUpe zuddha ane saraLa gujarAtImAM utA ane e rIte bhAratIya tatvajJAnane Itara dezanA evA vicAra sAthe sarakhAvavAne mArga saraLa karI mUke. (6) je viSaye bhAratIya tatvajJAnamAM AvyA na hoya athavA e vacAyA hoya athavA te aspaSTa carcAyA hoya ane pazcimI tatvoe ene. vicAra UMDe tema ja spaSTa karyo hoya te tevA viSayenI yAdI karI te dareka viSaya paratve je je itara dezamAM lakhAyuM hoya te yathArtha paNe gujarAtImAM utAravuM, jethI ApaNe vAra vadhAre samRddha karavAnI sagavaDa maLe. (7) bhinna bhinna kakSAnA abhyAsIo mATe saMpUrNa mAhitIvALI prastuta viSayaka cepaDIo taiyAra karavI. upara je mahAna kAryo batAvavAmAM AvyAM che tene TUMkamAM tattvajJAnanuM kheDANa kahI zakAya. have je A kheDANa Avazyaka hoya ane bhAvi vizALa kheDANa mATe khAsa jarUranuM hoya to have e jovuM prApta thAya che ke ApaNuM, cAlu gujarAtI bhASAmAM kheDANa keTaluM thayeluM che. paheluM bauddha tatvajJAna laIe. adhyApaka kosAMbIonAM nAnAM nAnAM betraNa pustake bAda karIe to te saMpradAyanuM gujarAtI sAhitya kazuM ja nathI, jyAre e saMpradAyanuM prAcIna sAhitya ghaNuM agatyanuM ane vizALa che. jene saMpradAyanAM tattvajJAnaviSayaka sarvasva grantha te gujarAtImAM nathI ja. jUnI: gujarAtImAM e saMpradAyanA mULa Agama uparanA graMtha che, je Aje kAryasAdhaka nathI. cAluM jamAnAnI vikasita bhASAmAM thayelA e saMpradAyanA AgamAnuvAda mAtra gaNyAgAMDyA che. jUnI gujarAtImAM lakhAyelA keTalAka mahattvapUrNa tattvajJAnanA prathA che, te paNa paddhatisara cAlu gujarAtImAM taiyAra thayelA nathI.
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________________ gujasatI bhASAmAM dArzanika tatvajJAna [ 1047 eTale ekaMdara gujarAtI mAraphata jaina tatvajJAnanI vizALa ajamAyaza karavA IcchanArane kazI ja pUrNa sagavaDa nathI ema kahI zakAya. vaidika saMpradAyanA sthULa rIte cha ane viMstArathI jotAM tethIye vadhAre darzane che. emAMna dhaNAMkharAM dazane para te apAra ane gaMbhIra sAhitya lakhAyeluM che. te jotAM mAtra jema ke sAMkhyadarzananA thayelA gujarAtI anuvAdo e taddana apUrNa gaNAya. vedAMtadarzananA traNa bhASyanA anuvAda che, paNa vaidika badhAM dezanA mahatvapUrNa che te gujarAtImAM aspRzya ja rahyA che. nibaMdha sAhityamAM AcArya dhruvanA "ApaNe dharma" nAmaka pustakamAM je TUMkA TUMkA lekho che te sivAya bIjA koIe kazuM ja lakhyuM nathI. ItihAsanI dizAmAM rA. narmadAzaMkara mahetAne prayatna khUba prazaMsanIya che, paNa hajI emAM ghaNuM karavAnuM bAkI rahI jAya che. pAThyapustakamAM AcArya dhruvanI traNa copaDIo sivAya kazuM ja nathI. eTale ekaMdara rIte jotAM gujarAtI bhASAmAM tattvajJAnaviSayaka sAhitya jeTaluM ane jevuM UtaravuM joIe tene sahastrAza paNa Aje nathI. AvI sthitimAM gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada" agara bIjI tevI saMsthAonuM zuM kartavya che te kahevAnI judI jarUra nathI, paNa jayAre Aja keLavaNI vadhatI jAya che, tene vistAra ane UMDANa vadhAravAnA romerathI prayatno cAlI rahyA che, keLavaNuM pAmelAo kAryakSetra zodhI rahyA che, tyAre tevA LavAyelA yuvake ane anubhavIone have paddhatisaranuM upara nirdezyA pramANe sAhitya taiyAra karAvavuM e eka ja sUcana karavuM bAkI rahe che. A sivAya bIjo eka mArga kAMIka saraLa che ane chatAM kaThaNa paNa che. dareka saMpradAyamAM ochAvattA saMte, dharmaguruo ane viziSTa rasa dharAvanArA anuyAthI gRhastha hoya che. teone A upayogI dizAmAM vALavAmAM Ave te vadhAre kAma che kharca thAya, ane eka vAra vAstavika dizA maLatAM zaktine upaga jhaghaDAnI ane kUpamaMDUkatAnI dizAmAMthI thato aTake. jUnA jamAnAmAM jyAre cInane jJAnanI bhUkha jAgI tyAre teNe aneka kaThora sahi7 bhikSuone mekalI hindustAnamAMthI saMskRta ane prAkRta hajAre pratyenA anuvAdo cInI bhASAmAM karAvarAvyA ane keTalIka vAra te eka eka brAhmaNa vidvAna pAse seMkaDo saMskRta granthanA cInI bhASAmAM anuvAda karAvyA. musalamAna bAdazAhe ane amIrAe paNa pitAnA dezamAM jJAnasamRddhi vadhAravA potAnA aneka vidvAna pAse ane aneka para jAtinA hindustAnI
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________________ 1048 ] darzana ane ciMtana vidvAna pAse AryasAhityanA tarajumA arabI, phArasI ane urdU bhASAmAM karAvyA. tibeTavAsIoe paNa e ja karyuM ane chelle joIe te jarmana, phrenca ane aMgrejI bhASAnA viziSTa vidvAnoe pitapotAnA dezanI jJAnasamRddhi vadhAravA temaja tenA mAnasa ane abhyAsane UMcA dhoraNa upara mUkavA duniyAnA badhA bhAgamAMthI bane teTaluM vadhAremAM vadhAre sAhitya anekarUpe pitapotAnI bhASAmAM utAryuM. saMskRta, prAkRta ane pAli bhASAne ja pAraMparika vAra bhogavanAra ApaNe aMgrejI, phrenca ke jarmana bhASA tarapha jovuM paDe che. eka vAra bALaka mAne dhAvavuM cheDe ane tenA khoLAmAM khelavAno nircAja AnaMda jato kare tyAre tenI paramAtAnA hAthe enA khoLAmAM je vale saMbhave te vale sAhityanI bAbatamAM ApaNuM che. tethI jeo tattvajJAnanA vicArone ucca bhUmikA upara laI javA IcchatA heya, tene phelA IcchatA hoya temanI pharaja che ke temaNe e badhuM jJAna vyavasthita rIte mAtRbhASAmAM Ave evo prayatna karo. dakSiNa, baMgALI ane hiMdI bhASAmAM A mATe prayatno thaI rahelA che, ane keTaleka aMze te teo ApaNA karatAM AgaLa vadhyA che. gujarAtI bhASAnI kSamatA bIjI eke bhASA karatAM ochI nathI; UlaTuM, tenI vicAra karavAnI ane tene vyakta karavAnI zakti pramANamAM vadhAre che. saMskRta ane prAkRtane tene sAtha che; phArasI, urdI, aMgrejI Adine paNa tene sahaga che. evI sthitimAM te bhASAnuM sAhityane tatvajJAnanA gulAbI phUlanI saurabhathI suvAsita karI mUkavuM e eka ja RSiRNa, dezaRNa ke samayANuM ApaNA upara bAkI rahe che. ene na pheDanAra ke pheDavAmAM maMda utsAha rAkhanAra pitAne sAhityasevI kahe che e sAhityane droha ja kare che, ema satya kahevarAve che.* - sthAna, mahA 1985. gaka navamI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadamAM ApelA nibaMdha