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________________ giranArastha "kumAravihAranI samasyA ujjayaMtagiri para mukhya jaina devaLo dharAvatI hAranI uttara sImA para AveluM chelluM maMdira "kumAravihAra"nA nAme hAla keTalAka dazakAthI prasiddhimAM che. gujarAtanA itihAsAdi viSayanA vidvAno paNa giranAra para solaMkIrAja kumArapALe "kumAravihAra" baMdhAvyAno (koI paNa purANA AdhAra sivAya) ullekha kare che. kumArapALanA AdezathI zrImAlI rANiganA putra soraThanA daMDanAyaka AMbAka kiMvA Agradeva dvArA giri para caDhavAnI paghA (pAjA) baMdhAvelI evA tatkAlIna sAhityika ullekho ane saM, 1222-23 ! I. sa. 1266-67mAM te karAvelI tevA abhilekho mojUda che. paNa samakAlika vA samIpakAlika koI lekhako (pUrNatallagacchIya hemacaMdrAcArya vA rAjagacchIya somaprabhAcArya) kumArapALe ujjayaMtagiri para jinacaitya baMdhAvyAnuM kahetA nathI. te pachI joIe to maMtrIdaya vastupALa-tejapALe giri para I. sa. 123ra-1234mAM navAM maMdiro racelAM; je jinAlayo temanA kAla pUrve racAI gayelAM (jema ke tIrthAdhipati jina ariSTanemi ane zAsanAdhiSThAtrI aMbikAdevI), tene anulakSIne temaNe kaMI ne kaMI sukRta karAveluM; paNa "kumAravihAra'mAM temaNe kazuM karAvyuM hovAnI noMdha temanA samakAlika lekhako-nAgendragathvIya udayaprabhasUri, harSapurIyagacchIya narendraprabhasUri, bhRgupurIya jayasiMhasUri, kavi somezvara, kavi arisiha Thakkara ane kavi bAlacaMdra,-vA uttarakAlIna lekhako jevA ke nAgendragathvIya merUtuMgAcArya (prabaMdhaciMtAmaNi I. sa. 1305), harSapurIyagacchIya rAjazekhara sUri (prabaMdhakoza : I. sa. 1441) paNa Avo kazo ja ullekha karatA nathI. A sivAya kumArapAla saMbaddha lakhAyelA 14mA zatakanA prabaMdho- kumArapAlacaritra (tapAgacchIya jayasiMhasUri : I. sa. 1386), kumArapAla bhUpAlacarita(tapAgacchIya jinamaMDana gaNi : saM. 1492 | I. sa. 1436), ke kumArapAlacaritrasaMgrahamAM prakaTa thayela kumArapAla saMbaddha 14mA zatakamAM racAyela judA judA pAMceka vistRta prabaMdhomAM paNa AvI koI ja vAta noMdhAyelI nathI. giranAra-tIrtha saMbaddha je sAhitya upalabdha che, ane navuM prakAzamAM AvI rahyuM che, temAM paNa giranAra para kumAravihArano ullekha nathI. jemake nAgendragathvIya vijayasenasUrino revaMtagiri-rAsa (A. I. sa.1234), tapAgacchIya dharmaghoSasUrino giranArakalpa (A. I. sa. 1264), rAjagacchIya jJAnacaMdra tema ja ajJAtagacchIya vijayacaMdra kRta raivatagiritIrtha para racAyelAM (ahIM prakAzita) saMskRta stotro (A. I. sa. 1320-1325), kharataragacchIya jinaprabhasUrinA kalpapradIpa aMtagarta "raivatakagirikalpa saMkSepa", "zrIujjayaMtastava", "ujajayaMtamahAtIrthakalpa" ane
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________________ 256 nircantha aitihAsika lekha-samuccaya-2 revatagirikalpa" (I. sa. 1335 pahelAM), upakezagacchIya kakkasUrinA nAbhinaMdana jinoddhAraprabaMdha (I. sa. 1337), ke 14mA zatakanA uttarArdhathI laI 16mAnA AraMbha sudhI jUnI gujarAtImAM racAyela giranAratIrthane AvarI letI aneka tIrthamALAo, caityaparipATIo, vivAhalA, rAsa, sabhAracanAomAM kayAMya paNa kumAravihArano jarA sarakho paNa nirdeza nathI. A ati vipula nakArAtmaka pramANane dhyAnamAM rAkhIe to giranAra paranA maMdirane "kumAravihAra" kahevuM e to narI bhrAnti che ! A pazcimAbhimukha maMdirane mULaprAsAda, gUDhamaMDapa ane mULa jUnAne sthAne Adhunika raMgamaMDapa che. ene pharatI 72 devakulikAo hatI, paNa te naSTa thaI che. mULa maMdiranAM ghATaDAM, koNI ane rUpakAma 15mA zatakanAM che ane gUDhamaMDapano "koTaka' paNa 15mA zatakanI zailI batAve che. AthI eka vAta to spaSTa ja che ke Ano nirmAtA 15mA zatakamAM thayo hovo joIe. A samasyAnA ukelamAM 15mA saikAmAM racAyeluM keTaluMka sAhitya sahAyabhUta thAya che; khAsa to e samayamAM, 15mI sadInA madhyabhAga ane trIjA caraNamAM, racAyelI tIrthamALAo ane caityaparipATIo, tIrthAdhipati jina ariSTaneminA maMdira pachI kharataravasahI, ane te pachI kalyANatraya bAda vAMdavAmAM je kramamAM AkharI maMdira AvatuM tenA viSayamAM traNeka paripATIomAM upayogI noMdha maLe che. A saumAM to spaSTa rIte kahyuM che ke te pUnasIha (prakArAMtare pUnasI, pUnaI) koThArIe sthApela zAMti jinendranuM 72 devakulikAyukta maMdira che : jema ke tapAgacchIya hemahaMsakRta "giranAra caityaparipATI"(A saM. 1515 + 1459)mAM noMdhyuM che ke : koThAria pUnasIha taNaI siri saMti jirSido raddhA e ja pramANe vRddhatapAgacchIya ratnasiMhasUriziSyanI "giranAra tIrthamALA(I. sa. 1453 pazcA)mAM paNa evI ja matalabanuM lakhyuM che, jo ke chapAyelo pATha bhraSTa che. tyAM vizeSamAM maMdirane pharatI 7ra deharInI paNa noMdha che : yathA : eka (manAma? pUnasI) ko (tA? ThA)rI vasahI saMti nami savaI sArI bahutari deharI deva 1lA te pachI saMghapati zavarAjanI yAtrA varNavatI ajJAta kartaka "giranAracaityaparipATI"mAM paNa A ja vAta spaSTatApUrvaka kahI che :
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________________ giranArastha "kumAravihAra"nI samasyA 257 bahuttiri jiNAI zAMti ArAhu punaI koThArI thApIu e 31 A pUnasI ke pUnA koThArI koNa hatA tenI spaSTatA be tapAgacchIya munionI racanAmAMthI maLe che. tapAgacchIya lakSmIsAgarasUriziSya zubhAzIlagaNinA paMcazatIprabodhasaMbaMdha(saM. 1521 | I. sa. 1465)mAM be sthaLe A maMdiranA nirmAtA saMbaddha ullekha prApta che. jema ke (kramAMka pa64muM) "zrImunisuMdarasUri saMbaMdha"mAM kahyuM che ke (tapAgacchIya) jayacaMdrasUrinA ziSya ratnazekharasUri thayA. temanA samayamAM pUrNasiMha koigArika tathA saMghapati lathA? dhA) ke girinAragiri para prAsAdo karAvyA ane tyAM bimbapratiSThA karI. saMbaMdha kramAMka 346nuM to zIrSaka ja A hakIkata sUcave che. "pUnasiMha koThAgArikakAritagiranAra tIrthaprAsAda saMbaMdha" nAmaka zIrSaka che tyAM A pramANe noMdhyuM che : tapAgacchAdhirAjazrIratnazekharasUrINAmAdezAt zrIgiranAratIrthe punasiMha koSThAgAriko mahAntaM prAsAdaM kArayAmAsa / tatra zrIRSabhadevaM pratiSThiyat / tatra bahulakSaTaMkadhanavyayaH / caityaparipATIkAro pUnI vasahImAM jayAM zAMtinAthanI pratiSThA hovAnuM kahe che tyAM zubhazIla gaNi RSabhadeva mUlanAyaka hovAnI vAta kare che je kadAca smRtidoSane kAraNe hoya. prastuta prAsAda tapAgacchIya ratnazekharasUrinA upadezathI baMdhAyo hato tevI vizeSa hakIkata ahIM maLe che. bIjA lekhaka pratiSThAsomanA somasaubhAgyakAvya(saM. 1524 ! I. sa. 146 8)mAM thoDI vizeSa hakIkata noMdhAyelI che. tyAM kahyA pramANe bidaranA sulatAnanA mAnya zreSThi pUrNasiMha koThAgArika (ane emanA bhAI baMdhuramane) guruvacanathI giranAragiri para UMcuM maMdira bAMdhyuM. temAM gacchanAthanA AdezathI jinakIrtisUrie pratiSThA karI : yathA : zrIpUrNasiMhakoSThagArikanAmA mahebhyarATa zuzubhe / suMdara bidaranagare mAnyaH zrIpAtasAhi vibhoH // 81 / / tena zrIguruvAkyavarjitahRdayena nRNAm / baMdhuramanAkhya bAMdhava sahitena narendra mahitena // 82|| zrImagirinAragirAvakAri jinamaMdiraM mahottuMgaM / jinakIrtisUrirAjaH pratiSThitaM gacchanAthagirau // 83 / / niai, bhA. 2-33
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________________ 258 nircanya aitihAsika lekha-samuccaya-2 A vidhAnathI spaSTa che ke pratiSThApaka AcArya jinakIrtisUri hatA. ahIM "guru" zabdathI ratnazekharasUri vivakSita hoya; ane "gacchanAtha"thI kadAca samasta tapAgacchanA te samayanA pramukha AcArya yugapradhAna somasuMdarasUri ghaTita hoya. zubhazIlagaNi ke pratiSThAsome maMdiranA nirmANanuM varSa batAvyuM nathI. paNa rANakapuranA dharaNavihAramAM mUkela saM. 1507 ! Isa. 1451nA 'giranAra-zatruMjaya paTTa' kramamAM "kalyANatraya"nA jinAlaya pachI "pUnAsI vasatI" batAvI che; AthI A pUnA koThArInuM prastuta jinAlaya te samayathI keTalAMka varSa pahelAM banI cUkyuM haze. A pUnasI-vasatInA gUDhamaMDapanA mahAvitAnanAM AkRti, prakAra ane praNAlI giranAra paranI 'kharataravasahI'nA traNa moTA karoTakonA karanAra zilpIonI paripATInI lagolaganAM hoI, ane prastuta kharataravasahI paNa I. sa. 1441 pahelAM banI cUkI hoI, pUnasI-vasatInuM nirmANa paNa IDa sa. 1441thI agAu thaI gayuM haze. pUnasI-vasahInI uttare Avela kalyANatrayanA maMdirano uddhAra amadAvAdanA sultAna ahamadazAha-mAnya osavAla zreSThi samarasiMhe saM. 1494 { Isa. 1438mAM karelo jemAM paNa pratiSThApaka AcArya hatA jinakIrtisUri ! A hakIkata dhyAnamAM laIe to e ja samaye jinakIrtisUrie pUnasavasahImAM paNa pratiSThA karI hovAnuM dhArI zakAya. AthI A kahevAtuM 'kumArapALa'nuM maMdira vastutayA I. sa. 1438mAM banyuM hatuM, ane tenA kArApaka solaMkI samrATa kumArapALa nahIM paNa bidaranA pUrNasiMha koSAgArika urpha pUnasI koThArI hatA. maMdiramAM Aje dhyAna kheMce tevI koI vastu to che te gUDhamaMDapano lagabhaga 20 phITanA vyAsano vizALa karoTika (citra 2.). temAM nIce rUpakaMTha pachI gajatALanA tharo laI, tenA para navakhaMDA kolanA traNa tharo ane vacce moTA mAnanI aNIdAra-jALIdAra kolanA pAMca tharavALI puSpakhacita ane padhakesarayukta cetohara, khare ja benamUna laMbana kareluM che (citra 1), jenI gaNanA pazcima bhAratanA 15mA zatakanA sarvottama udAharaNomAM thaI zake tema che. kharataravasahInA be bhadraprasAdonA vitAnonI padhdhazilA kiMvA laMbana karatAM AmAM eka thara vizeSa hoI te vizeSa prabhAvazALI jaNAya che. TippaNo : 1. saMta paM. becaradAsa dozI, purAtattva, 1-3 (caitra 1979 | I. sa. 1933), pR0 29. 2. saMta zrIvijayadharma sUri, prAcIna tIrthamALA-saMgraha bhAga 1lo, zrIyazovijayajI jaina graMthamALA, bhAvanagara saM. 1978 ! Isa. 1922, pR0 36 ,
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________________ giranArastha "kumAravihAra"nI samasyA 2pa9 3, sAMprata graMthamAM juo amAruM zrImatI vidhAtrI vorA sAthenuM saMpAdana. 4. saMta mRgendra munijI, surata 1968, pR. 316. 5. ejana, pR. 192. 6, jaina jJAnaprasAraka maMDala, muMbaI 1905, sarga 9, 7, A koTakanuM citra prathama ja vAra (sva) sArAbhAI maNilAla navAbe Jaina Tirthas in India and ther Architecture, Ahmedabad 1944, P.111, Fig. 213 tarIke chApyuM che.