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________________ dravya guNa - paryAya prAkRta-pAli davva-dabba zabda aura saMskRta dravya zabda bahuta prAcIna hai / lokavyavahAra meM tathA kAvya, vyAkaraNa, Ayurveda, darzana Adi nAnA zAstroM meM bhinna-bhinna arthoM meM usakA prayoga bhI bahuta prAcIna evaM rUda jAna par3atA hai / usake prayoga pracArakI vyApakatAko dekhakara pANinine apanI aSTAdhyAyI meM use sthAna dekara do prakAra se usakI vyutpatti batalAI hai jisakA anukaraNa pichale sabhI arrestria kayA hai / taddhita prakaraNa meM dravya zabdake sAdhaka khAsa jo do sUtra ( 5. 3. 104; 4.3 161 ) banAye gae haiM unake alAvA dravya zabda siddhikA eka tIsarA bhI prakAra kRt prakaraNa meM hai / taddhitake anusAra pahalI vyutpatti yaha hai ki dru= vRkSa yA kASTha + ya = vikAra yA avayava arthAt vRkSa yA kAThakA vikAra tathA avayava dravya / dUsarI vyutpatti yoM hai - dru = kASTha + ya tulya arthAt jaise sIdhI aura sApha sutharI lakar3I banAnepara iSTa AkAra dhAraNa kara sakatI hai vaise hI jo rAjaputra Adi zikSA diye jAnepara rAja yogya guNa dhAraNa karanekA pAtra hai vaha bhAvI guNoMkI yogyatA ke kAraNa dravya kahalAtA hai / isI prakAra aneka upakAroMkI yogyatA rakhaneke kAraNa dhana bhI dravya kahA jAtA hai / kRdanta prakaraNa ke anusAra gati prApti zrarthavAle dru dhAtu se karmArthaka ya pratyaya zrAne para bhI dravya zabda niSpanna hotA hai jisakA artha hotA hai prAptiyogya arthAt jise aneka avasthAe~ prApta hotI hai / vahA~ vyAkaraNake niyamAnusAra ukta tIna prakArakI vyutpatti meM loka -: - zAstra prasiddha dravya zabda ke sabhI arthIkA kisI na kisI prakAra se samAveza ho hI jAtA hai / yadyapi jaina sAhitya meM bhI qarIba karIba unhIM sabhI athoM meM prayukta dravya zabda dekhA jAtA hai tathApi dravya zabdakI jaina prayoga paripATI aneka aMzoMmeM anya saba zAstroMse bhinna bhI hai / nAma, sthApanA, dravya, bhAva Adi nikSepa ( tattvArtha * 1. 5 ) prasaGgameM; dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva zrAdi prasaGga meM ( bhaga0 za0 2. u0 1 ); dravyArthika paryAyArthikarUpa nayake prasaGga meM ( tasvArthabhA0 2. 31 ); dravyAcArya (paJcAzaka 6 ), bhAvAcArya Adi prasaGga meM dravyakarma, bhAvakarma Adi prasaGgameM prayukta honevAlA dravya zabda jaina paribhASAke anusAra qhAsa qhAsa arthakA bodhaka hai jo artha taddhita prakaraNasAdhita bhavya-yoga arthavAle dravya
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________________ 144 zabdake bahuta najadIka hai arthAt ve sabhI artha bhavya arthake bhinna-bhinna rUpAntara haiM / vizva ke maulika padArthoM ke artha meM bhI dravya zabda jaina darzana meM pAyA jAtA hai jaise jIva, pudagala Adi chaH dravya / ..... nyAya vaizeSika Adi darzanoMmeM (vai. sU. 1.1.15) dravya zabda guNapharmAdhAra arthameM prasiddha hai jaise pRthvI jala Adi nava dravya / isI arthako lekara bhI uttarAdhyayana (28. 6) jaise prAcIna bhAgamameM dravya zabda jaina darzana sammata chaH dravyoM meM lAMga kiyA gayA dekhA jAtA hai| mahAbhASyakAra pataJjaline (pAta. mahA0 pR. 58) aneka bhinna-bhinna sthaloMmeM dravya zabdake arthako carcA kI hai / unhoMne eka jagaha kahA hai ki ghar3e ko tor3akara kuNDI aura kuNDIko tor3akara dhar3A banAyA jAtA hai evaM kaTaka kuMDala zrAdi bhinna-bhinna alaGkAra eka dusareko tor3akara eka dUsareke badale meM banAye jAte haiM phira bhI una saba bhinna bhinna kAlIna bhinna-bhinna prAkRtiyoMmeM jo miTTI yA suvarNa nAmaka tatva kAyama rahatA hai vahI aneka bhinna-bhinna zrAkAroM meM sthira rahanevAlA tattva dravya kahalAtA hai| dravya zabdakI yaha vyAkhyA yogasUtrake vyAsabhASya meM (3. 13 ) bhI jyoMkI tyoM hai aura mImAMsaka kumArilane bhI vahI (zlokavA0 vana zlo0 21.22) vyAkhyA lI hai / pataJjaline dUsarI jagaha (pAta. mahA0 4. 1. 3 51. 199)guNasamudAya yA guNa sandrAvako dravya kahA hai| yaha vyAkhyA bauddha prakriyAmeM vizeSa saGgata hai| jude-jude guNoMke prAdurbhAva hote rahanepara bhI arthAt jaina paribhASAke anusAra paryAyoMke navanavotpAda hote rahanepara bhI jisake maulikatvakA nAza nahIM hotA vaha dravya aisI bhI saMkSipta vyAkhyA pataJjali ke mahAbhASya (5. 1. 119 ) meM hai| mahAbhASyaprasiddha aura bAda ke nyAsabhASya, zlokavArsika AdimeM samarthita dravya zabdakI ukta sabhI vyAkhyAe~ jaina paramparAmeM, umAsvAtike sUtra aura bhASyameM ( 5. 26, 30, 37 ) sabase pahile saMgRhIta dekhI jAta. haiN| jinabhadra kSamAzramAne to ( vizeSA. gA0 28., apane bhASyameM apane samayataka pracalita sabhI vyAkhyAoMkA saMgraha karake dravya zabda kA nirvacana batalAyA hai| . .. .. ... . 7. akalaGkake ( laghI0 2. 1) hI zabdoMmeM viSayakA svarUpa batalAte hue zrA0 hemacandra ne dravyakA prayoga karake usakA agamaprasiddha aura vyAkaraNa tathA darzanAntarasammata dhruvabhAva (zAzvata, sthira) artha hI batalAyA hai| aisA atha batalAte samaya usakI jo vyutpatti dikhAI hai vaha kRt prakaraNAnusArI. arthAt dra dhAtu + ya pratyaya janita hai pra0 mI0 pR. 24 / pramANaviSayake svarUpakathanameM dravya ke sAtha paryAyazabdakA bhI prayoga hai /
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________________ 155 saMskRta, prAkRta , pAli jaisI zAstrIya bhASAoM meM vaha zabda bahuta purAnA aura prasiddha hai para jaina darzanameM usakA jo paribhASika artha hai vaha artha anya darzanoM meM nahIM dekhA jAtA / utpAdavinAzazAlI yA AvirbhAva-tirobhAvavAle jo dharma jo vizeSa yA jo avasthAe~ dravyagata hotI haiM ve hI paryAya yA pariNAmake nAma se jaina darzanameM prasiddha haiM jinake vAste nyAya-vaizeSika zrAdi darzanoM meM guNa zabda prayukta hotA hai / guNa, kriyA Adi sabhI dravyagata dharmo ke arthameM zrA0 hemacandrane paryAyazabdakA prayoga kiyA hai| para guNa tathA paryAya zabdake bAremeM jaina darzanakA itihAsa khAsa jJAtavya hai / bhagavatI Adi prAcInatara zrAgamoMmai guza aura paryAya donoM zabda dekhe jAte haiM / uttarAdhyayana ( 28, 13) meM unakA arthabheda spaSTa hai| kundakunda, umAsvati (tattvArtha0 5.37) aura pUjyapAdane bhI usI arthakA kathana evaM samarthana kiyA hai| vidyAnandane bhI apane tarkavAdase usI bhedakA samarthana kiyA hai para vidyAnandake pUrvavartI akalaGkane guNa aura paryAyake arthoM kA bhedAbheda batalAyA hai jisakA anukaraNa amRtacandrane bhI kiyA hai aura vaisA hI bhedAbheda samarthana tatvArthabhASyakI TIkAmeM siddhasenane bhI kiyA hai| isa bAremeM siddhasena divAkarakA eka nayA prasthAna jaina tatvajJAnameM zurU hotA hai jisameM guNa aura paryAya donoM zabdoM ko kevala ekArthaka hI sthApita kiyA hai aura kahA hai ki ve donoM zabda paryAya mAtra haiN| divAkarakI abheda samarthaka yukti yaha hai ki zrAgoM meM guNapadakA yadi paryAya padase bhinna artha abhipreta hotA to jaise bhagavAnane dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika do prakArase dezanA kI hai vaise ve tIsarI guNArthika dezanA bhI karate / jAna par3atA hai isI yuktikA asara haribhadra para par3A jisase usane bhI abhedavAda hI mAnya rakkhA / yadyapi devasUrine guNa aura paryAya donoMke arthabheda batalAnekI ceSTA kI (pramANana 5.7,8) hai phira bhI jAna par3atA hai unake dila para bhI abhedakA hI prabhAva hai| zrA0 hemacandrane to viSayalakSaNa sUtra meM guNapadako sthAna hI nahIM diyA aura na guNa-paryAya zabdoMke arthaviSayaka bhedAbhedakI carcA hI kii| isase zrA0 hemacandrakA isa bAre mantavya spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ve bhI abhedake hI samarthaka haiM / upAdhyAya yazovijayajIne bhI isI abheda pakSako sthApita kiyA hai| isa vistRta itihAsase itanA kahA jA sakatA hai ki Agama jaise prAcIna yugameM guNa-paryAya donoM zabda prayukta hote rahe hoNge| tarkayuga ke zrArambha aura vikAsake sAtha hI sAtha unake arthaviSayaka bheda-abheda kI carcA zurU huI aura
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________________ Age bddh'ii| phalasvarUpa bhinna-bhinna prAcAryoMne isa viSayameM apanA bhinnabhinna dRSTibindu prakaTa kiyA aura sthApita bhI kiyaa| isa prasaGgamai guNa aura paryAya zabdake arthaviSayaka pArasparika bhedAbhedakI taraha paryAya-guNa aura dravya ina donoMke pArasparika bhedAbheda viSayaka dArzanika carcA jAnane yogya hai| nyAya-vaizeSika zrAdi darzana bhedavAdI honese prathamase ho. Aja taka guNa, karma AdikA dravyase bheda mAnate haiN| abhedavAdI sAMkhya, vedAntAdi unakA dravyase abheda mAnate zrAye haiN| ye bhedAbhedake pakSa bahuta purAne haiM kyoMki khuda mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali isa bAremeM manoraMjaka aura vizada carcA zurU karate haiN| ve prazna uThAte haiM ki dravya, zabda, sparza zrAdi guNa se anya hai yA ananya 1 / donoM pakSoMko spaSTa karake phira ve antameM bhedapakSakA samarthana karate haiM / jAnane yogya khAsa bAta to yaha hai ki guNa-dravya yA guNa-paryAyake jisa bhedAbhedakI sthApanA evaM samarthana ke vAste siddhasena, samantabhadra zrAdi jaina tArkikoMne apanI kRtiyoM meM khAsA puruSArtha kiyA hai usI bhedAbhedavAdakA samarthana mImAMsakadhurINa kumArilane bhI bar3I spaSTatA evaM tarkavAdase kiyA hai-- zlokavA0 zrAkR* zlo0 4-64; vana0 zlo0 21.80 / zrA hemacandra ko dravya-paryAyakA pArasparika bhedAbheda vAda hI sammata hai jaisA anya jainAcAryoM ko| 1636 I.] [pramANa mImAMsA 1 isa viSayake sabhI pramANake lie dekho sanmatiTI0 pR0 631. Ti0 4 / 2 'kiM punardravyaM ke punrgunnaaH| zabdasparzarUparasaMgandhA guNAstato'nyad dravyam / kiM punaranyacchandAdibhyo dravyamAhosvidananyat / guNasyAyaM bhAvAt dravye zabdaniSeza kurvan khyApayatyanyacchabdAdibhyo dravyamiti / ananyacchabdAdibhyo dravyam / na dhnyduplbhyte| pazoH khalvapi vizasitasya parNazate nyastasya nAnyacchabdAdibhya uplbhyte| anyacchabdAdibhyo dravyam / tat svanumAnagamyam / tadyathA / zroSadhivanaspatInAM vRddhihraasau| jyotiSAM gatiriti / kosAvanumAnaH / iha samAne varmaNi pariNAhe ca anyattalAgraM bhavati lohasya anyat kAryAsAnAM yatkRto vizeSastad dravyam / tathA kazcidekenaiva prahAreNa vyapavarga karoti kazcit dvAbhyAmapi na karoti / yatU kRto vizeSastad dravyam / athavA yasya guNAntareSvapi prAdurbhavatsu tatvaM na vihanyate tad dravyam / kiM punastattvam / tatbhAvastattvam / tadyathA / zrAmalakAdinAM phalAnAM raktAdayaH pItAdayazca guNAH prAdurbhavanti / zrAmalakaM badaramityeva bhavati / anvartha khaju nirvacanaM guNasaMdrAvo dravyamiti / ' -pAta. mahA0 5.1.116 /