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________________ zrI dhavalasiddhAnta graMtharAja zrI. ratanacaMdajI mukhtyAra mokSamArgasya netAraM bhettAraM karmabhUbhRtAm / jJAtAraM vizvatattvAnAM vande tadguNalabdhaye // yaha jIvAtmA anAdikAla se caturgati (nAraka, tiryaMca, manuSya, deva ) rUpa saMsAra meM bhramaNa karatA huA dukha uThA rahA hai| yadyapi kabhI kabhI kAkatAli-nyAyavat sAtA vedanIya karmodaya se indriya-janita sukha kI prApti ho jAtI hai kintu usa samaya bhI tRSNA ke kAraNa viSaya-cAha rUpa dAha se tapatAyamAna rahatA hai| isa bhavabhramaNa rUpa saMsAra ke duHkhoM se chUTane kA upAya vizvatattvajJa aura karmarUpa pahADa ke bhedanevAle mokSamArga ke netA ne svayaM mokSamArga para cala kara apanI divya-dhvani dvArA batalAyA hai| ataH unako namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| bharatakSetra vartamAna paMcamakAla meM yadyapi una netAoM kI upalabdhi nahIM hai tathApi unake dvArA hitopadeza ke AdhAra para gaNadharoM dvArA racita dvAdazAGga ke kucha sUtra mUla rUpa se abhI bhI upalabdha hai| yaha hamArA ahobhAgya hai| "AgamacakkhU sAhU iMdiya cakkhUNi savvabhUdANi / " [pravacanasAra 3134] saba manuSyoM ke carmacakSu arthAta indriya cakSu hotI hai| kintu sAdhu puruSa ke AgamacakSu hote haiN| "jiNasatthAdo ache paccakkhAdIhiM bujjhdonniymaa| ___ khIyadi mohovacayo tamhA satthaM samadhidavvaM // " [pravacanasAra 1186] jina Agama ke adhyayana se jIva ajIva Adi padArthoM arthAta dravya guNa, paryAyoM kA jJAna hotA hai, jisase moha kA nAza hotA hai| "eyaggagado samaNo eyaggaM Nicchidassa atthesu / NicchittI Agamado AgamaceTThA tado jeTThA // " [pravacanasAra 3 / 32] jina Agama se jIva Adi padArthoM kA yathArtha jJAna hotA hai jisase samyagdarzana-jJAnacAritra kI ekatA hotI arthAta abheda (nizcaya) ratnatraya kI prApti hotI hai / ataH Agama kA adhyayana pradhAna hai| "mohakSayAjjJAnadarzanAvaraNAntarAyakSayAcca kevalam / " [mokSazAstra 10 / 1]
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________________ zrI dhavalasiddhAnta graMtharAja isa darzana-jJAna-cAritra kI ekAgratA se cAritra mohanIya kA kSaya hotA hai| cAritra-mohanIya karma kA kSaya hone para jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa tathA antarAya karma kA kSaya hotA hai| ___ "AgamahINo samaNo nevappANaM paraM viyaannaadi| avijANato aDhe khavedi kammANi kidha bhikkhU / " [pravacanasAra 333] jinake jinAgama rUpa cakSu nahIM haiM ve puruSa mokSamArga meM aMdhe hai aura jIva ajIva ko nahIM jaante| ataH ve moha kA nAza nahIM kara sakate / jisake moha kA nAza nahIM huA usake karmoM kA nAza bhI nahIM ho sktaa| "AgamaH siddhAntaH'' arthAta Agama siddhAnta ko kahate haiN| jIva ajIva Adi padArthoM ko jAnane ke liye siddhAnta zAstroM ke adhyayana kI atyanta AvazyakatA hai isake binA jIva Adi padArthoM kA yathArtha jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| yathArtha jJAna ke binA moha kA abhAva nahIM ho sakatA arthAta samyagdarzana kI utpatti nahIM ho sktii| ___ Agama ke do bheda haiM-1 aMga praviSTa, 2 aMga bAhya / aMga praviSTa bAraha prakAra kA hai / 1 AcArAGga, 2 sUtrakRtAGga, 3 sthAnAGga, 4 samavAyAGga, 5 vyAkhyAprajJapti-aGga, 6 nAthadharmakathAGga 7 upAsakAdhyayanAGga 8 aMtaHkRdazAMGga 9 anuttaraupapAdika dazAGga, 10 praznavyAkaraNAGga, 11 vipAka sUtrAGga, 12 dRSTivAdAGga / ina bAraha aMgoM ko hI dvAdazAMga kahate haiN| bArahaveM dRSTivAdAGga ke pAMca bheda haiN| 1 parikarma, 2 sUtra 3 prathamAnuyoga, 4 pUrvagata aura 5 cUlikA / cauthA bheda pUrvavata caudaha prakAra kA hai / ataH dvAdazAMga 'gyAraha aMga caudahapUrva ' ke nAma se bhI prasiddha hai| upAdhyAya parameSThI ke 25 guNa batalAye haiM ve bhI 11 aGga 14 pUrva kI apekSA se kahe gaye haiN| isake atirikta jo bhI Agama haiM vaha agabAhya hai| __ bharatakSetra meM duHkham suSam caturtha kAla ke tIna varSa sADhe ATha mAsa zeSa raha gaye the taba kArtika kRSNA paMdrasa ke dina antima tIrthaMkara zrI mahAvIra svAmI nirvANa ko prApta hue| unake pazcAta 62 varSa meM tIna anubaddha kevala jJAnI hue| usake pazcAta 100 varSa taka pAMca zruta kevalI hue| usake pazcAta 181 varSa taka dazapUrvadhArI rahe / phira 123 barSa taka 11 aMgadhArI rahe / usake pazcAta dasa, nava va ATha aMgadhArI 99 varSa taka rhe| usake pazcAta 118 varSa meM eka aMga ke dhArI pAMca AcArya hue| inako zeSa aGgoM va pUrva ke eka deza kA bhI jJAna thA / ina pAMca AcAryoM ke nAma tathA kAla nimna prakAra hai: ahivalli mAghanaMdi ya dharaseNaM pupphayaMta bhuudvlii|| aDavIsaM igavIsa ugaNIsaM tIsa vIsa vAsa puNo // 16 // [nandi AmnAya kI paTTAvalI] isa paTTAvalI anusAra vIra nirvANa ke 565 varSa pazcAta eka aGga ke dhArI arhabdali AcArya hue jinakA kAla 28 varSa thaa| usake pazcAta eka aGgadhArI mAghanandi AcArya hue inakA kAla 21 varSa rhaa| isake 1. dhavala, pu. 1, pR. 29
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________________ 102 A. zAMtisAgarajI janmazatAbdi smRtigraMtha pazcAta zrI dharasena AcArya hue, jo soraTha deza ke girinagara kI candraguphA meM dhyAna karate the / inakA kAla 19 varSa rhaa| zrI dharasena AcArya ko dRSTivAda nAmaka bArahave aMga ke cauthe bheda pUrvagata arthAt 14 pUrva ke aMtaragata dUsare agrAyaNIya pUrva ke pAMcave bheda cayana labdhI ke eka deza sUtroM kA jJAna thaa| unheM isa bAta kI cintA huI ki unake pazcAta dvAdazAMga ke sUtroM ke jJAna kA lopa ho jAyagA / ataH zrI dharasena AcArya ne mahimA nagarI ke muni sammelana ko patra likhA jisake phalasvarUpa vahA~ ke do muni unake pAsa pahuMce / zrIdharasena AcArya ne unakI buddhi kI parIkSA karake unheM siddhAnta arthAta dvAdazAGga ke sUtra par3hAye / ye donoM muni puSpadaMta aura bhUtabali the| inakA kAla kramazaH 30 varSa va 20 varSa rhaa| dRSTivAda bArahaveM aMga ke cauthe bheda pUrvagata arthAt 14 pUrva ke antargata dUsare agrAyaNIya rhaa| pUrva ke pAMcaveM bheda cayanalabdhi ke jo sUtra zrI puSpadanta aura bhatabali ko zrI dharasena AcArya ne par3hAye the| ina donoM muniyoM ne una sUtroM ko SaT-khaNDa rUpa se lipIbaddha kiyA aura pustakArUr3ha karake jyeSTha zuklA paJcamI ko caturvidha saMgha ke sAtha una pustakoM ko upakaraNa mAna zrutajJAna kI pUjA kI jisase zrutapaJcamI parva kI prakhyAti Aja taka calI AtI hai aura isa tithi ko Aja taka zruta kI pUjA hotI hai|' ina chaha khaNDoM meM zrI gaNadhara kRta dvAdazAGga ke sUtroM kA saMkalana hai / ataH isa grantha kA nAma SaTkhaNDAgama prasiddha huaa| Agama aura siddhAnta ekArthavAcI hai| ataH zrI vIrasena AcArya ne isako SaTkhaNDasiddhAnta kahA hai / zrI indranandi ne zrutAvatAra meM isako SaTkhaNDAgama kahA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathama khaNDa kA nAma 'jIvaTThANa' hai, isameM 14 guNasthAnoM va 14 mArgaNAoM kI apakSA 1. sat , 2. saMkhyA, 3. kSetra, 4. sparzana, 5. kAla, 6. antara, 7. bhAva, 8. alpabahutva ina ATha anuyogadvAra dvArA jIva kA kathana hai tathA nauM calikAeM haiM jinameM 1 prakRtisamutkIrtanA, 2 sthAnasamutkIrtanA, 3-5 tIna mahAdaNDaka, 6 jaghanyasthiti, 7 utkRSTasthiti, 8 samyaktvotpatti, 9 gatiAgati kA kathana hai / dUsarA khaNDa 'khuddAbandha' hai| isameM 1 svAmitva, 2 kAla. 3 antara, 4 bhaMgavicaya, 5 dravyapramANAnugama, 6 kSetrAnugama, 7 sparzanAnugama, 8 nAnA jIva kAla, 9 nAnA jIva kA antara, 10 bhAgAbhAgAnugama, 11 alpabahutvAnugama ina gyAraha prarUpaNAoM dvArA karmabaMdha karanevAle jIva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / tIsarA khaNDa 'bandha svAmitva vicaya' hai| isameM mArgaNAoM kI apekSA kitanI prakRtiyoM kA kauna bandhaka he aura unakI bandha vyucchiti kisa guNa sthAna meM hotI hai tathA svodaya bandha prakRtiyoM va parodaya bandha prakRtiyoM ityAdi kA kathana savistAra pAyA jAtA hai / 1. "jyeSThasitapakSapaJcamyAM cAturvarNyasaMghasamavetaH / tatpustakopakaraNairvyadhAt kriyA pUrva ke pUjAm // 143 // zrutapaJcamIti tena prakhyAtiM tithiriyaM parAmApa / adyApi yena tasyAM zrutapUjAm kurvate jainAH / / 144 // " (indranandi zrutAvatAra) 2. "Agamo siddhato pavayaNAmidi eyttho|" dhavala, pu. 1, pR. 20. SaTakhaNDAgamaracanAbhiprAyaM puSpadanto guroH // 137 // |
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________________ zrI dhavalasiddhAnta graMtharAja 103 cauthe khaMDa kA nAma 'vedanA' hai / isa khaMDa meM sarvaprathama vaha maMgalAcaraNa hai jo zrI gautama gaNadhara ne kiyA thaa| mUla rUpa se isake do bheda hai| 1. kRti anuyogadvAra, 2. vedanA anuyogadvAra / kRti anuyogadvAra meM audArika Adi pAMca zarIroM kI saMghAtana, parizAtana aura saMghAtana-parizAtana kRti kA kathana hai| vedanA anuyogadvAra meM jJAnAvaraNa Adi ATha karmoM kI dravya vedanA, kSetra vedanA, kAla vedanA, bhAva vedanA tathA pratyaya svAmitva vedanA, gati, anantara, sannikarSa, parimANa, bhAgAbhAga alpabahutva kA kathana hai| pA~cavA vargaNA nAmaka khaMDa hai| isameM karma prakRtiyoM tathA pudgala kI teisa vargaNAoM kA vizeSa kathana hai| manovargaNA tathA bhASA vargaNA cAra cAra prakAra kI aura kArmaNa vargaNA ATha prakAra kI batalAI gaI hai| jJAnAvaraNa karma ke liye jo kArmaNa vargaNA hai usa kArmaNa vargaNA se darzanAvaraNa Adi karmoM kA bandha nahIM ho sakatA hai| isa khaMDa meM pratyeka zarIra vargaNA nigoda zarIra (sAdhAraNa zarIra) vargaNA kA bhI savistAra kathana hai| chaTavAM khaNDa mahAbandha hai / isa khaNDa meM mUla karma prakRti va uttara karma prakRtiyoM kI apekSA prakRti bandha, sthiti bandha, anubhAga bandha va pradeza bandha kA sat , saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, bhAva, alpabahutva ina ATha anuyoga dvArA caudaha mArgaNAoM meM savistAra kathana hai| uttara karma prakRti prakRtiyoM ke bandha pratyaya kA kathana karate hue tIrthaMkara prakRti ke bandha kA kAraNa samyaktva aura ahAraka zarIra nAma karma prakRti ke bandha kA kAraNa saMyama ko batalAyA hai isa prakAra gaNadhara racita dvAdazAMga sUtroM meM samyaktva aura saMyama ko bhI bandha kA kAraNa kahA hai| ___ "AhAradurga saMjamapaJcayaM / titthaparaM sammattapaccayaM / " [mahAbandha, pu. 4, pR. 186] vartamAna meM jo Agama arthAta zAstra upalabdha hai una saba meM SaTkhaNDAgama zAstra sarva zreSTha hai / kyoMki yaha eka aisA zAstra hai jisameM dvAdazAGga ke sUtra jyoM ke tyoM haiN| zrI puSpadaMta va bhUtabali AcAryoM kA sthAna sarvopari hai, kyoMki sarva prathama unhoMne hI dvAdazAMga ke sUtroM ko saMkalita kara SaTakhaNDAgama zAstra kI racanA kI hai| "paNamavi pupphadaMtaM dukayaMtaM dunnnnyNdhyaar-rviN| bhagga-siva-bhaggA-kaMTayamisi-samii-vaima sayAdaMtaM // paNamaha kaya-bhUya-baliM kesa-vAsa-paribhUya baliM / viNihaya-vammaha-pasaraM vddddhaaviy-viml-nnaann-vmmh-psrN||" jo duSkRta arthAta hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla, parigraha rUpa pApoM kA anta karane vAle haiM (jinhoMne paMcamahAvrata dhAraNakara hiMsA Adi pAMca pApoM kA anta kara diyA hai / ) jo kunaya (nirapekSa naya) rUpI . andhakAra ke nAza karane ke liye sUrya ke samAna haiM arthAta anekAnta va syAdvAda rUpa prakAzamAna haiM jinhoMne mokSamArga ke kaMTaka (mithyAtva, ajJAna, aura asaMyama) ko naSTa kara diyA hai| jo RSiyoM kI sabhA (saMgha) ke adhipati AcArya haiM aura nirantara jo paMcendriyoM kA damana karane vAle haiM, aise puSpadaMta AcArya ko maiM praNAma karatA huuN|
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________________ 104 A. zAMtisAgarajI janmazatAbdi smRtigraMtha jo bhUta arthAt prANimAtra se pUje gaye haiM, athavA bhUta-nAmaka vyaMtarajAti ke devoM dvArA pUje gaye haiN| jinhoMne apane kezapAza arthAt saMyata sundara bAloM se bali arthAt jarA Adi se utpanna hone vAlI zithilatA ko tiraskRta kara diyA hai, jinhoMne kAmadeva ke prasAra ko naSTa kara diyA hai| aura jinhoMne nirmala jJAna ke dvArA brahmacarya ke prasAra ko bar3hA diyA hai aise bhUta-bali AcArya ko praNAma karatA huuN| isa SaTkhaNDAgama para aneka AcAryoM ne TIkA racI hai| 1. kundakunda nagara ke zrI padmanandi apara nAma zrI kundakunda AcArya dvArA racita parikarma TIkA / 2. zrI zAmakuMDa AcArya viracita 'paddhati' TIkA, 3 zrI tumbulUra AcArya kRta 'cUDAmaNi' TIkA, 4 zrI samantabhadra svAmI kRta TIkA, 5 zrI bappadeva guru kRta 'vyAkhyAprajJapti' TIkA / ye pAMcoM TIkA isa samaya upalabdha nahIM haiM inameM se kucha kA ullekha zrI vIrasena AcArya ne apanI 'dhavala' TIkA meM kiyA hai| isa 'SaTkhaNDAgama' grantha ke prathama pAMca khaNDoM para zrI. vIrasena AcArya ne 72 hajAra zloka pramANa dhavala nAmaka TIkA racI hai| zrI vIrasena AcArya ke viSaya meM zrI jinasena AcArya ne nimna prakAra kahA hai| 'zrI vIrasena AcArya sAkSAt kevalI ke samAna samasta vizva ke pAradarzI the| unakI vANI SaTkhaNDAgama meM askhalita rUpa se pravRtta hotI thii| unakI sarvArtha gAminI naisargika prajJA ko dekha kara sarvajJa kI sattA meM kisI manISI ko zaMkA nahIM rahI thii| vidvAna loga unakI jJAna rUpI kiraNoM ke prasAra ko dekha kara unheM prajJA zramaNoM meM zreSTha AcArya aura zruta kevalI kahate the| siddhAnta rUpI samudra ke jala se unakI buddhi zuddha huI thii| jisase ve tIvra buddhi pratyeka buddhoM se bhI spardhA karate the| unhoMne cirantana kAla kI pustakoM kI khUba puSTi kii| aura isa kArya meM ve apane se pUrva ke samasta pustaka pAThiyoM se bar3ha gaye the| zrI vIrasena AcArya bhaTTAraka pada para ArUr3ha the| ve vAdi-vRndAraka the tathA siddhAntopanibandha kartA the|" zrI vIrasena AcArya kI dhavala TIkA ne Agama sUtroM ko camakA diyA, isIlie unakI 'dhavalA' ko bhAratI kI bhuvanavyApinI kahA hai| dhavalA bhAratI tasya kIrti ca zuci-nirmalAm / dhavalIkRtaniHzeSabhuvanAM tAM namAmyaham // 58 // [ AdipurANa-utthAnikA] isa TIkA ke vistAra va viSaya ke pUrNa paricaya tathA pUrvamAnyatAoM va matabhedoM ke saMgraha, Alocana va maMthana dvArA pUrvavartI TIkAoM ko pAThakoM kI dRSTi se ojhala kara diyA arthAt isa dhavala TIkA ke prabhAva meM saba prAcIna TIkAoM kA pracAra ruka gayA / __isa dhavala TIkA meM kahIM kahIM para zrI kundakunda Adi AcAryoM kI gAthAoM ke zabdoM kA sIdhA artha na karake anya artha kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki sIdhA artha karane se siddhAnta va yukti se virodha AtA thA / jaise
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________________ zrI dhavalasiddhAnta graMtharAja 105 (1) zrI kundakunda AcArya ne vArasa anuvekkhA ke antargata saMsAra anuprekSA kI dUsarI gAthA meM kahA hai ki "isa pudgala parivartana rUpa saMsAra meM samasta pudgala isa jIva ne eka eka karake punaH punaH ananta bAra bhoga kara choDe haiN|" isa gAthA ke AdhAra para samasta vidvAnoM kI yahI dhAraNA, banI huI hai ki pratyeka jIva ne samasta pudgala bhoga liyA hai| aisA koI bhI pudgala nahIM hai jisako na bhogA ho, kintu zrI vIrasena AcArya kahate haiM ki pratyeka jIva eka samaya meM abhavyoM se ananta guNA tathA siddhoM ke anantaveM bhAga pudgala ko bhogatA hai| isa pudgala rAzi ko yadi sarva jIva rAzi tathA atIta kAla ke samayoM kI saMkhyA se guNA kara diyA jAya to sarva jIvoM dvaar| atIta kAla meM bhoge gaye pudgala kA pramANa A jAtA hai / yaha pudgala kA pramANa samasta pudgala rAzi ke anantaveM bhAga hai| jaba sarva jIva dvArA bhI samasta pudgala nahIM bhogA gyaa| to eka jIva dvArA samasta pudgala kA ananta bAra bhogA jAnA asambhava hai| ataH zrI kundakunda AcArya kI gAthA meM jo 'sarva' pada AyA hai usa sarva zabda kI pravRtti sarva ke eka bhAga meM kI gaI hai jaise 'grAma jala gayA', 'pada jala gayA' ityAdika vAkyoM meM ukta zabda grAma aura padoM ke eka deza meM pravRtta hue dekhe jAte haiM ataH eka deza ke liye bhI sarva zabda kA prayoga hotA hai / sarva se samasta kA grahaNa na hokara eka deza kA bhI grahaNa hotA hai / / "adIda kAle vi savva jIvehi savva poglANamaNaM timabhAgo savva jIva rAsIdoM ananta guNoM, savva jIvarAzi uvarimavaggAdoM anantaguNa hINoM poggalapuMjomuttu jijha do| kudo ! amavasiddhiehi anantaguNeNa siddhANamaNaMtima bhAgeNa guNidAdI kAlamatta savva jIva rAsi samANa muttujhida poggala parimANovasaMmA--- savve vi poggalA khalu ege muttajjhidA du jIveNa / asaI aNaMta khutto yogga paripaTTa saMsAre // edie suttagAhae saha viroho kiNNa hodi ti bhaNide Na hodi, savvedesamhi gaahthy-svv-sddsspvuttiido| Na ca savvamhi payaTTamANassa sadassa egadesapauttI asiddhA, gAmo daddho, padodaddho, iccAdisu gAmapadANamegadesapayaTTa sduvlNbhaado|" [dhavala, pu. 4, pR. 326] sAmAnya grahaNa ko darzana kahate haiN| yahAM para Aye hue 'sAmAnya' zabda kA artha dhavala meM 'Atma padArtha' kiyA gayA hai / jaba ki samasta vidvAna 'sAmAnya' zabda se vastu kA sAmAnya lete hai / cakSu darzana, acakSu darzana tathA avadhi darzana ke viSaya kA pratipAdana karane vAlI gAthAoM meM ina darzanoM kA viSaya yadyapi bAhya padArtha batalAyA gayA hai kintu zrI vIrasena AcArya ne ina gAthAoM kA pAramArthika artha karate hue kahA hai ki indriya jJAna se pUrva hI jo sAmAnya svazakti kA anubhava hotA hai aura jo jJAna kI utpatti meM nimitta rUpa hai vaha darzana hai yathArtha meM darzana kI antaraMga meM hI pravRtti hotI hai| kintu bAlakajanoM ko jJAna karAne ke lie bahiraMga padArthoM ke Azraya se darzana kI prarupaNA kI gaI hai yadi gAthA kA sIdhA artha kiyA jAya aura darzana kA viSaya bahiraMga padArtha kA sAmAnya aMza mAnA jAve to aneka doSoM kA prasaMga A jAyagA /
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________________ A. zAMtisAgarajI janmazatAbdi smRtigraMtha jaM sAmaNNaM gahaNaM bhAvANaM Neva kaTu AyAraM / avisesiUNa atthe daMsaNamidi bhaNNade samae // Na ca edeNa sutteNedaM vakkhANaM virujjhade appatthammi pauttasAmaNNasaddaggahaNAdo / cakkhUNa jaM payAsadi dissadi tacakkhudaMsaNaM beMti / sesiMdiya-ppayAso NAdavo so acakkhu tti // paramANu-AdiyAI antimakhaMdhaM ti muttidnvaaii| taM odhi-dasaNaM puNa jaM passai tAi paccakkhaM // idi vajjatthavisayadaMsaNaparuvaNAdo ? Na, edANaM prmtthtthaannuvgmaado| ko so paramatthatyo ? buccade-jaM yat cakkhUNaM cakSuSAM payAsadi prakAzate dissadi cakSuSA dRzyate va taM tat cakkhudasaNaM cakSurdarzanamiti veMti bruvate / cakkhidiyaNANAdo jo puvameva suvasattIe sAmaNNAe aNudRo cakkhuNANuppattiNimitto taMcakkhudasaNamidi uttaM hodi / kadhamaMtaraMgAe cakkhidiyabisayapaDibaddhAe sattIe cakkhiMdiyassa pauttI ? Na, aMtaraMga bahiraMgatyovayAreNa bAlajaNa-bohaNaTheM cakkhUNaM jaM dissadi taM cakkhudasaNamidi pruvnnaado| gAhAe gala bhaMjaNamakAUNa ujjuvattho kiNNa gheppadi ? Na tattha puvuttA sesadosappasaMgAdoM (dhavala, pustaka 7, pR. 101) ohiNANuppattiNimitto taM ohiMdaMsaNamidi ghettavvaM, aNNahA NANadaMsaNANaM bhedAbhAvAdo [dhavala, pu. 7, pR. 102] sAmAnya ko chor3a kara kevala vizeSa artha kriyA karane meM asamartha hai| aura jo artha kriyA karane meM asamartha hotA hai, vaha avastu hai| avastu kA grahaNa karane vAlA jJAna pramANa nahIM ho sakatA hai kevala vizeSa kA grahaNa nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki sAmAnya rahita, avastu rupa kevala vizeSa meM karttAkarma rUpa vyavahAra nahIM bana sakatA hai| isI taraha kevala sAmAnya ko grahaNa karane vAle darzana ko bhI pramANa nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| ataH sAmAnya vizeSa bAhya padArtha ko grahaNa karane vAlA jJAna aura sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka Atma-svarUpa ko grahaNa karane vAlA darzana hai yaha siddha ho jAtA hai| " na jJAnaM pramANaM sAmAnyavyatiriktavizeSasyArthakriyAkartRtvaM pratyasamarthatvato'vastuno grahaNAt / na tasya grahaNamapi sAmAnyavyatirikte vizeSe hyavastuni kartRkarmarUpAbhAvAt / tata eva na darzanamapi pramANam / tataH sAmAnyavizeSAtmakabAhyArthagrahaNaM jJAnaM, tadAtmakasvarUpagrahaNaM darzanamiti siddham / " / [dhavala, pustaka 1, pR. 146-47] zrI vIrasena AcArya ko SaTkhaNDAgama ke sUtroM para itanI dRr3ha zraddhA thI ki yadi unake sAmane sUtra viruddha anya AcAryoM kA koI mata A gayA to unhoMne usakA nirbhIkatA pUrvaka khaMDana kiyA hai yahAM taka ki zrI kundakunda jaise mahAnAcArya kI parikarma TIkA ke kucha matoM kA khaMDana karate hue unako sUtra viruddha kahA hai jaise: 1. jyotiSka devoM kA pramANa nikAlane ke lie do sau chappana sUcyamUla ke vargapramANa jagapratara kA bhAgahAra batAne vAle sUtra se jAnA jAtA hai ki svayambhU ramaNa samudra ke parabhAga meM bhI rAjU ke arddhaccheda hote haiN|
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________________ zrI ghavalasiddhAnta graMtharAja 107 zaMkA - jitanI dvIpa aura sAgaroM kI saMkhyA hai, tathA jitane jambUdvIpa ke arddhaccheda hote haiM, eka adhika utane hI rAjU ke arddhaccheda hote haiM / isa prakAra ke parikarma sUtra ke sAtha yaha uparyukta vyAkhyAna kyoM nahIM virodha ko prApta hogA ? samAdhAna-bhale hI parikarma sUtra ke sAtha ukta vyAkhyAna virodha ko prApta hoveM, kintu prastuta sUtra ke sAtha to virodha ko prApta nahIM hotA hai / isalie isa grantha ( SaTkhaNDAgama ) ke vyAkhyAna ko grahaNa karanA cAhie tathA sUtraviruddha parikarma ke vyAkhyAna ko nahIM / anyathA atiprasaMga doSa prApta ho jAyegA / sayaMbhU ramaNasamuddassa parado rajjuccheNayA asthitti kudo Navvada ? ve chappaNNaMgulasadavaggasuttAdo / ' jattiyANi dIva - sAgara ruvANi jambUdIva chedaNANi ca ruvAhiyANi tattiyANi rajjucchedaNANi ' tti pariyammeNa edaM vakkhANaM kiNNa virujjhade ? edeNa saha virujjhadi, kintu sutteNa saha virujjhadi / teNe dassagahaNaM kAyavvaM, Na pariyamassa; tassa suttaviruddhattAdoM / Na suttaviruddhaM vakkhANaM hodi aippasaMgAdoM / [ dhavala, pu. 4 pR. 155-56 ] 2. koI jIva bAdara eka indriyoM meM utpanna ho kara, vahAM para yadi ati dIrgha kAla taka rahatA hai, to asaMkhyAtA saMkhyAta avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI taka rahatA hai / punaH nizcaya se anyatra calA jAtA hai, aisA kahA gayA hai / zaMkA-karma sthiti ko AvalI ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga se guNA karane para bAdara sthiti hotI hai isa prakAra ke parikarma vacana ke sAtha yaha sUtra virodha ko prApta hotA hai / samAdhAna - parikarma ke sAtha virodha hone se ' SaTkhaNDAgama' isa sUtra ke avakSiptatA hotI hai, kintu parikarma kA ukta vacana sUtra kA anusaraNa karanevAlA nahIM hai, isalie usameM hI avakSiptatA kA prasaMga AtA hai / " bAdare iMdiesu upajjiya tattha jadi suThu mahallaM kAlaya cchadi to asaMkhejjAsaMkhajjAoM osappiNI-ussappiNIo acchadi / puNo NiccharaNa aNNattha gacchadi tti jaM vRttaM hodi / 'kammaTThadimAvalipAya asaMkhejjadibhAgena guNide bAdaraTThidi jAdA ' ti pariyammavyaNeNa saha edaM suttaM nirujjhadi tti dassa okkhattaM, suttANusari pariyammavayaNaM Na hodi tti tasseva okkhattappasaMgA / " [ dhavala, pu. 4, pR. 389-90 ] zrI vIrasena AcArya ne anya AcAryoM kI gAthAoM kA hI artha toDamoDa kara nahIM kiyA kintu SaTkhaNDAgama ke sUtroM kI bhI paraspara saMgati baiThAne ke lie unako SaTkhaNDAgama ke sUtroM kA artha bhI toDa moDa kara karanA par3A / jaise satprarUpaNA kA sUtra naM. 90 isa prakAra hai: " sammAmicchAiTThi - saMjadAsaMjada-saMjadaTThANe NiyamA pajjattA / " artha -- samyagmithyAdRSTi, saMyatAsaMyata aura saMyata jIva niyama se praryApta hote haiN|
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________________ 108 A. zAMtisAgarajI janmazatAbdi smRtigraMtha prazna-kapATa, pratara aura loka-pUraNa samuddhAta ko prApta kevalI praryApta hai yA apraryApta hai| zrI arahaMta kevalI saMyata hai ataH sUtra 90 ke anusAra praryApta hone cAhie, kintu samuddhAta meM unake audArika-mizrakAya yoga hai / "orAliyamissakAyajoge apajjattANaM" // 78 // isa sUtra ke anusAra " audArika mizrakAya yoga aprayAptoM kA hotA hai / " samuddhAta gata kevalI apraryApta hone caahie| isase sUtra naM. 90 meM 'niyama' zabda sArthaka nahIM rahegA / isakA samAdhAna karate hue 'niyama' zabda kA jo artha zrI vIrasena AcArya ne kiyA hai, vaha dhyAna dene yogya hai / " sUtra 90 meM niyama zabda nirarthaka to mAnA nahIM jA sakatA hai, kyoMki zrI puSpadaMta AcArya ke vacana se prApta tattva meM nirarthakatA kA honA viruddha hai| sUtra kI niyamatA kA prakAzana karanA bhI, 'niyama' zabda kA phala nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki aisA mAnane para jina sUtroM meM niyama zabda nahIM pAyA jAtA unameM aniyamatA kA prasaMga A jaayegaa| parantu aisA hai nahIM kyoMki aisA mAnane para uparokta sUtra naM. 78 meM niyama zabda kA abhAva hone se apraryAptako meM bhI audArika kAyayoga ke astitva kA prasaMga prApta hogA, jo iSTa nahIM hai / ataH sUtra 90 meM AyA huA niyama zabda jJApaka hai, nyAmaka nahIM hai / yadi aisA na mAnA jAya to anarthaka pane kA prasaMga A jAyegA isa 'niyama' zabda se kyA jJApita hotA hai ? sUtra 90 meM niyama zabda se jJApita hotA hai ki 'samyagmithyAdRSTi saMyatAsaMyata aura saMyata sthAna meM jIva niyama se paryAptaka hote haiM ' // 90 // yaha sUtra anitya hai apane viSaya meM sarvatra samAna pravRti kA nAma nityatA hai aura apane viSaya meM kahIM pravRtti ho, kahIM na ho isakA nAma anityatA hai| isase uttara zarIra ko utpanna karane vAle samyagmithyAdRSTi saMyatAsaMyata aura saMyatoM ke tathA kapATa, pratara lokapUrNa samuddhAta ko prApta kevalI ke aparyAptapanA siddha ho jAtA hai / " [dhavala pustaka, 2, pR. 441 va 443] isa prakAra sUtra 78 kI rakSArtha sUtra 90 meM 'niyama' zabda kA artha yukti va sUtroM ke bala para 'aniyama' kiyA gayA hai yaha zrI vIrasena kI mahAnatA hai| SaTkhaMDAgama ke pAMcave vargaNA khaMDa ke baMdhAnuyoga dvAra meM bhAvabaMdha kathana karate hue sUtra 16 meM avipAka pratyayika jIva bhAva baMdha, (1) aupaizamika-avipAka pratyayika jIva bhAvabaMdha (2) aura kSAyikaavipAka pratyayika jIva bhAvabaMdha, do prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai / jo so avivAgapaccaiyoM jIva bhAva baMdho NAma so duviho-uvasamiyo avibhAga paccaiyo jIvabhAva baMdho ceva khaiyoM avivAga paccaio jIva bhAvabaMdho ceva // 16 // isa para prazna huA ki tatvArtha sUtra meM jIvatva, bhavyatva aura abhavyatva kI pAraNAmika (karmanirapekSa) bhAva kahA hai, inakA avipAka pratyayika jIva bhAva baMdha meM kathana kyoM nahIM kiyA ? isakA samAdhAna karate hue zrI vIrasena AcArya ne jIvatva Adika tInoM bhAva ko kathana citta audayika nimna prakAra siddha kiyA hai:
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________________ zrI dhavalasiddhAnta graMtharAja 109 " Ayu Adi prANoM ko dhAraNa karanA jIvana hai| vaha ayogI ke aMtima samaya se Age nahIM pAyA jAtA, kyoMki siddhoM ke prANoM ke kAraNa bhUta AThoM karmoM kA, prabhAva hai / isaliye siddha jIva nahIM hai adhika se adhika ve jIvita pUrva kahe jA sakate haiN| siddhoM meM prANoM kA abhAva anyathA bana nahIM sktaa| isase jJAta hotA hai ki jIvatva pAriNAmika nahIM hai kintu vaha karma ke vipAka se utpanna hotA hai kyoMki jo jisake sadbhAva aura asadbhAva kA avinAbhAvI hotA hai vaha usakA hai| aisA kAryakAraNa bhAva ke jJAtA kahate haiN| aisA nyAya hai| isaliye jIva bhAva audAyika hai, yaha siddha hotA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM jIvatva ko pAriNAmika kahA hai, vaha prANoM ko dhAraNa karane kI apekSA se nahIM kahA hai, kintu caitanya guNa kI apekSA se vahAM vaisA kathana kiyA hai| isaliye vaha kathana bhI virodha ko prApta nahIM hotA / cAra aghAti karmoM ke udaya se utpanna huA asiddhatva audAyika bhAva hai| vaha do prakAra kA hai-anAdi ananta aura anAdi-sAnta isameM se jisake asiddha bhAva anAdi ananta haiM ve abhavya haiM aura jinake dUsare prakAra kA hai ve bhavya jIva haiN| isaliye bhavyatva aura abhavyatva meM bhI vipAka pratyayika hI hai| asiddhatva kA anAdi-anantapanA aura anAdi-sAntapanA niSkAraNa hai, yaha samajhakara inako tattvArthasUtra meM pAraNAmika kahA hai| [dhavala, pu. 14, pR. 12-14] __zrI vIrasena AcArya ko gaNita para bhI pUrNa adhikAra thaa| vibhinna bhinna rAziyoM meM jahAM para aMza navottara krama se aura cheda (hara) dviguNa krama se hokara jAte hai una vibhinna rAziyoM ke milAne (jor3ane ) ke liye karaNa sUtra (Formula) diyA hai jo anyatra nahIM pAyA jAtA hai| ___ "icchita gaccha kA viralana rAzi ke pratyeka rAzi eka ko dUnA kara paraspara guNA karane se jo Utpanna ho usakI do pratirAziyAM sthApita kara usameM se eka uttara (caya) sahita Adi rAzi se guNita kara isameM se uttara guNita icchA rAzi ko uttara va Adi saMyukta karake ghaTA dene para jo zeSa rahe, usameM Adima-cheda ke ardha bhAga se guNita pratirAzi kA bhAga dene para icchita saMkalanA kA pramANa AtA hai| "icchAM viraliya guNiya ANNoNNaguNaM puNo dupaDirAsiM kAUNa ekka rAsi uttara juda AdiNA guNiya // [dhavala, pu. 14, pR. 196 ] "uttara guNiMdaM icchaM uttara AdIe saMjudaM avaNe / sesaM hareja paDiNA Adima chedaddhagu NideNa / [dhavala, pu. 14, pR. 197] jaiseH-22 + 34+4+11 16ina chaH vibhinna saMkhyAoM kA jor3anA haiM yahAM para icchita gaccha 6 hai| isakA viralana kara pratyeka ke Upara do do rakha kara paraspara guNA karane se (123313)26 arthAta 64 AtA hai| usakI do prati rAziyAM sthApita kara 64 64 kA unameM se eka rAzi (64) ko uttara sahita Adi rAzi (9+22 = 31) se guNita kara (64 4 31 = 1984 ) meM se uttara (9) guNita icchA (6)(946 = 54 ) ko uttara (9) Adi (22) saMyukta karake (54 +9+ 22 = 85) ghaTA dene para jo zeSa rahe (1984 - 85 = 1899)
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________________ 110 A. zAMtisAgarajI janmazatAbdi smRtigraMtha usameM Adima-cheda (27) ke ardhabhAga (27) se guNita prati rAzi ( 64 ) arthAta ( 2x64 = 864 ) kA bhAga dene para icchita saMkalanA kA pramANa prApta hotA hai / zrI vIrasena AcArya ne isa prakAra ke anekoM karaNasUtra ( Formula ) dhavala pustaka 314 Adi meM likhe haiM / kintu kahIM kahIM para unake anuvAda meM bhUla huI hai, kyoMki anuvAdaka vidvat maMDala vizeSa gaNitajJa nahIM thA / yadi punarAvRtti meM gaNita ke vizeSajJoM kI sAhyatA ke karaNasUtra kA ThIka ThIka anuvAda kiyA jAya to uttama hogA / 864 3 zrI vIrasena AcArya ne ' savva sappaDikskhA' arthAta ' sarva sapratipakSa hai isa siddhAnta kA pada pada para prayoga kiyA hai aura isa siddhAnta para bahuta jora diyA hai| sUkSma jIva aura sAdhAraNa jIva dRSTigocara nahIM hote haiM isaliye kucha vyakti aise jIvoM kA sadbhAva svIkAra nahIM karate / zrI vIrasena AcArya dhavala, pustaka 6 meM kahate haiM ki yadi sUkSma jIvoM kA sadbhAva svIkAra na kiyA jAyagA to una (sUkSma jIvoM) ke pratipakSI bAdara jIvoM ke abhAva kA prasaMga A jAyagA, kyoMki sarvatra pratipakSa hai / yadi sAdhAraNa jIva (nigodiyA jIvoM) kA sadbhAva na mAnA jAya to sAdhAraNa jIvoM ke pratipakSI pratyeka jIva ke abhAva kA prasaMga A jAyagA / isI prakAra yadi jIva kA astitva na svIkAra kiyA jAya to pudgala Adi ajIva dravyoM ke astitva ko abhAva kA bhI prasaMga A jAyagA / dhavala, pustaka 14, pRSTha 233 para eka prazna utpanna huA ki saMsArI jIva rAzi Ayase rahita hai aura vyaya sahita hai, kyoMki usameM se mokSa ko jAne vAle jIva upalabdha hote haiM, isIlie saMsArI jIvoM kA abhAva (samApta) prApta hotA hai ? zrI vIrasena AcArya zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate huai likhate haiM / " jinhoMne atIta kAla meM kadAcit bhI trasa pariNAma ( paryAya ) nahIM prApta kiyA hai, vaise ananta jIva niyama se haiN| "7 66 asthi anaMtA jIvA jehi Na patto tasANa pariNAmoM / bhAva kalaMka apaurA Nigoda vAsaM Na muMcati anyathA saMsAra meM bhavya jIvoM kA abhAva prApta hotA hai / unakA abhAva hai nahIM, kyoMki bhavya jIvoM kA abhAva hone para abhavya jIvoM kA bhI abhAva prApta hotA hai, aura vaha bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki unakA ( bhavya aura abhavya donoM kA ) abhAva hone para saMsArI jIvoM kA abhAva prApta hotA hai aura yaha bhI nahIM hai kyoMki saMsArI jIvoM kA abhAva hone para asaMsArI ( mukta ) jIvoM ke bhI abhAva kA prasaMga AtA / yadi kahA jAve ki saMsArI jIvoM kA abhAva hone para asaMsArI ( mukta ) jIvoM kA abhAva kaise sambhava hai (kyoMki saMsArI saba jIvoM ke mukta avasthA ko prApta ho jAne para saMsArI jIvoM kA abhAva to sambhava hai kintu mukta jIvoM kA abhAva sambhava nahI hai ) / isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki saMsArI jIvoM kA // 127 // [ dhavala, pu. 14, pR. 233]
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________________ zrI dhavalasiddhAnta graMtharAja 111 'abhAva hone para asaMsArI (mukta) jIva bhI nahIM ho sakate, kyoMki saba sapratipakSa padArthoM kI upalabdhi nahIM bana sakatI / arthAt pratipakSa ke binA padArtha kA sadbhAva saMbhava nahIM hai / ' anekAnta ' kA siddhAnta zrI vIrasena AcArya kA prANa thA unhoMne ekAnta mAnyatAoM kA khaMDana kiyA hai aura anekAnta ko siddha kiyA hai| pudgala paramANu ko prAyaH saba paMDitagaNa niravayava (abhAgI) mAnate haiN| zrI vIrasena AcArya ne dhavala, pustaka 13, pRSTha 21 - 24 tathA dhavala, pustaka 14, pRSTa 56-57 paramANu ko niravayava arthAta avibhAgI tathA sAvayava arthAta bhAga sahita mAnA hai / dravyArthika naya se pudgala paramANu niravayava hai, kyoMki yadi paramANu ke avayava hote hai aisA mAnA jAya to paramANu ko avayavI honA cAhiye / parantu aisA hai nahIM / kyoMki avayava ke vibhAga dvArA avayavoM ke saMyoga kA vinAza hone para paramANu kA abhAva prApta hotA hai / paryAyArthika naya kA avalambana karane para paramANu ke avayava nahIM hote yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai / kyoMki yadi usake uparima, adhastana, madhyama aura uparimopari bhAga na 1 to paramANu kA bhI abhAva prApta hotA hai / ye bhAga kalpita rUpa hote haiM yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki paramANu meM UrdhvabhAga aura madhyama bhAga tathA uparimoparima bhAga kalpanA ke binA bhI upalabdha hote haiM / tathA paramANu ke avayava haiM / isaliye unakA sarvatra vibhAga hI honA cAhiye aisA koI niyama nahIM hai| kyoMki aisA mAnane para to saba vastuoM ke abhAva kA prasaMga prApta hotA hai / [ dhavala, pu. 14, pR. 56-57 ] abhavyatva jIva kI vyaMjana paryAya bhale hI ho, parantu sabhI vyaMjana paryAya kA avazya nAza honA cAhiye aisA koI niyama nahIM hai, kyoMki isase ekAnta vAda kA prasaMga A jAtA hai| [dhavala, pustaka 7, pR. 178] saba sahetukahI ho aisA koI niyama nahIM hai kyoMki isase bhI ekAnta vAda kA prasaMga AtA hai [ dhavala, pu. 7, pR. 463] isa prakAra kA kathana prAyaH dhavala kI sabhI pustakoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / zrI vIrasena AcArya kI vizeSatA yaha rahI ki jisa viSaya kA unako paramparAgata upadeza prApta nahIM huA usa viSaya meM unhoMne apanI lekhanI nahIM uThAI kintu spaSTa rUpa se apanI anabhijJatA svIkAra kI hai jaise 66 Naca amhe eMtyaM vottu samatthA aladdhovadesattAdoM " arthAta hama yaha kahane ke liye samartha nahIM hai kyoMki hamako vaisA upadeza prApta nahIM hai / " mANusakhettAdo Na Navvade / " manuSya kSetra kI apekSA kitane kSetra meM rahate hai yaha jJAta nahIM hai / isameM zrI vIrasena AcArya kI nirabhimAnatA prakaTa hotI hai / jahAM para unheM AcArya paramparAgata upadeza prApta hotA hai vahA~ unhoMne spaSTa likha diyA hai ki yaha viSaya AcArya paramparAgata upadeza se prApta hotA hai / jaise " kudo vagammade ? Airiya parAMparagaya uAdo / ,"
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________________ A. zAMtisAgarajI janmazatAbdi smRtigraMtha __ SaTkhaMDAgama ke sUtra kA artha karane para kisI ne zaMkA kI yaha kaise jAnA jAtA hai, usake uttara meM zrI vIrasena AcArya ne kahA ki jina bhagavAna ke muMha se nikale hue vacana se jAnA jAtA hai / "kadhamede Navvade ? jiNavayaNa viNi gyvynnaadoN|" isase jAnA jAtA hai ki SaTkhaMDAgama ke sUtra dvAdazAMga ke sUtra haiM / dhavala, pu. 7, pR. 541 para eka zaMkA ke uttara meM kahA hai ki 'isa zaMkA kA uttara gautama se pUchanA cAhiye / ' isase abhiprAya hai yaha sUtra gautama gaNadhara dvArA racita haiN| ataH pratyeka jaina ko dhavala-graMtha kI svAdhyAya karanI cAhiye kyoMki vartamAna meM isase mahAna graMtha anya nahIM hai / jina bhaTTAraka mahArAja ne inakI rakSA kI ve bhI dhanya ke pAtra haiN| yadi ve rakSA na karate. to aise mahAn graMtha ke darzana asambhava the|