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________________ dharma kI parakha kA AdhAra adhyAtma aura vijJAna, donoM hI mAnava jIvana ke mukhya prazna haiM aura bahuta gahare haiN| jIvana ke sAtha donoM kA ghaniSTha sambandha hote hue bhI Aja donoM ko bhinna bhUmikAoM para khar3A kara diyA gayA hai| adhyAtma ko prAja kucha vizeSa kriyAkAMDoM evaM tathAkathita pracalita mAnyatAoM ke sAtha jor3a diyA gayA hai aura vijJAna ko sirpha bhautika anasandhAna evaM jagata ke bahiraMga vizleSaNa taka sImita kara diyA gayA hai| donoM hI kSetroM meM Aja eka vaicArika pratibaddhatA prA gaI hai, isalie eka virodhAbhAsa-sA khar3A ho gayA hai, aura isa kAraNa kahIMkahIM donoM ko paraspara pratidvandvI evaM virodhI bhI samajhA jA rahA hai| Aja ke tathAkathita dhArmika jana vijJAna ko sarvathA jhUThA aura galata batA rahe haiM aura vijJAna bhI bar3I berahamI ke sAtha dhArmikoM kI tathAkathita aneka dhAraNAoM ko jhakajhora rahA hai| apolo 8, abhI-abhI candraloka kI parikramA karake A gayA hai, vahA~ ke citra bhI le AyA hai| apolo 8, ke tInoM amarIkI aMtarikSa yAtriyoM ne A~khoM dekhI sthiti batAI hai ki-vahA~ pahAr3oM aura gaDr3hoM se vyApta eka sunasAna vIrAna dharAtala hai aura unakI ghoSaNA ko rUsa' jaise pratidvandvI rASTra ke vaijJAnikoM ne bhI satya svIkAra kiyA hai / parantu, hamArA dhArmika varga eka sire se dUsare sire taka prAja ina ghoSaNAoM se kAphI cintita ho uThA hai| mere pAsa bAhara se aneka patra pAe haiM, bahuta se jijJAsu pratyakSa meM bhI mile hai-sabake mana meM eka hI prazna taraMgita ho rahA hai--"aba hamAre zAstroM kA kyA hogA? hamAre zAstra to candramA ko eka mahAn devatA ke rUpa meM mAnate haiM, sUrya se bhI lAkhoM mIla U~cA' candramA kA sphaTikaratnoM kA vimAna hai, usapara suMdara vastra-AbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta deva-deviyAM haiN| candra vimAna eka lAkha yojana U~ce meru parvata ke cAroM ora bhramaNa karatA hai| candra meM jo kAlA dhabbA dikhAI detA hai, vaha mRga kA cinha hai| hamAre zAstroM ke ina saba varNanoM kA aba kyA hogA? vahA~ jAne vAle to batAte haiM, citra dikhAte hai ki candra meM kevala pahAr3a aura khaDDe haiM, kisI yAtrI se kisI devatA kI mulAkAta bhI vahA~ nahIM huI, yaha kyA bAta hai ? ye vaijJAnika jhUThe haiM yA zAstra ? zAstra jhUThe kaise ho sakate haiM? ye bhagavAn kI vANI hai, sarvajJa-vANI hai|" vijJAna evaM adhyAtma kA kSetra : ____ maiM socatA hU~, dhArmika ke mana meM Aja jo yaha akulAhaTa paidA ho rahI hai, dharma ke pratinidhi tathAkathita zAstroM ke prati usake mana meM jo anAsthA evaM vicikitsA kA jvAra uTha rahA hai, usakA eka mukhya kAraNa hai-vaicArika pratibaddhatA! kucha paramparAgata rUr3ha vicAroM ke sAtha usakI dhAraNA jur3a gaI hai, kucha tathAkathita granthoM aura pustakoM ko usane dharma kA pratinidhi zAstra samajha liyA hai, yaha na to isakA ThIka taraha bauddhika vizleSaNa kara sakatA hai aura na hI vizleSaNa prApta satya ke prAdhAra para unake moha ko ThakarA sakatA hai| vaha bAra 1. candraprajJapti, 18 / 3 2. jambUdvIpaprajJapti, jyotiSa cakrAdhikAra, 8 3. candraprajJapti, 2012 jambUdvIpaprajJapti, 8. 4. candraprApti, 2014 dharma kI parakha kA aAdhAra Jain Education Intemational
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________________ duharAI gaI dhAraNA evaM rUr3higata mAnyatA ke sAtha ba~dha gayA hai, pratibaddha ho gayA hai| basa, yaha pratibaddhatA--Agraha hI usake mana kI vicikitsA kA kAraNa hai| zAstra kI carcA karane se pahale eka bAta hameM samajha lenI hai ki adhyAtma aura vijJAna rAma-rAvaNa jaise koI pratidvandvI nahIM hai, donoM hI vijJAna hai, eka AtmA kA vijJAna hai, to dUsarA prakRti kA vijJAna hai| adhyAtma-vijJAna ke antargata AtmA ke zuddhAzuddha svarUpa, bandhamokSa, zubhAzubha pariNatiyoM kA hrAsa-vikAsa Adi kA vizleSaNa prAtA hai| aura vijJAna, jise meM prakRti kA vijJAna kahanA ThIka samajhatA hU~, isameM hamAre zarIra, indriya, mana, inakA saMrakSaNapoSaNa evaM cikitsA Adi, tathA prakRti kA anya mArmika vizleSaNa samAhita hotA hai| donoM kA hI jIvana kI akhaNDa sattA ke sAtha sambandha hai| eka jIvana kI antaraMga dhArA kA pratinidhi hai, to eka bahiraMga dhArA kaa| adhyAtma kA kSetra mAnava kA antaHkaraNa, antazcaitanya evaM prAtmatattva rahA hai, jabaki Aja ke vijJAna kA kSetra prakRti ke aNu se lekara virATa khagola-bhagola Adi kA prayogAtmaka anasandhAna karanA hai, isalie vaha hamArI bhASA meM bahiraMga jJAna hai, jabaki antaraMga cetanA kA vivecana, vizodhana evaM UrvIkaraNa karanA adhyAtma kA viSaya hai, vaha antaraMga jJAna hai| . isa dRSTi se vijJAna va adhyAtma meM pratidvandvitA nahIM, apitu pUrakatA pAtI hai| vijJAna prayoga hai, adhyAtma yoga hai| vijJAna sRSTi kI, paramANu Adi kI camatkArI zaktiyoM kA rahasya udghATita karatA hai, prayoga dvArA unheM hastagata karatA hai, aura adhyAtma una zaktiyoM kA kalyANakArI upayoga karane kI dRSTi detA hai| mAnava-cetanA ko vikasita, nirbhaya evaM nirdvandva banAne kI dRSTi adhyAtma ke pAsa hai| bhautika vijJAna kI upalabdhiyoM kA kaba, kaise, kitanA aura kisalie upayoga karanA cAhie, isakA nirNaya adhyAtma detA hai, vaha bhautika pragati ko viveka kI A~kha detA hai-phira kaise koI vijJAna aura adhyAtma ko virodhI mAna sakatA hai ? . hamArA prastuta jIvana kevala prAtmamukhI hokara nahIM Tika sakatA hai aura na kevala bahirmukhI hI raha sakatA hai| jIvana kI do dhArAe~ haiM--eka bahiraMga, dUsarI aMtaraMga / donoM dhArAoM ko sAtha lekara calanA, yahIM to jIvana kI akhaNDatA hai| bahiraMga jIvana meM vizRMkhalatA nahIM pAe, dvandva nahIM pAe, isake lie aMtaraMga jIvana kI dRSTi apekSita hai| antaraMga jIvana AhAra-vihAra Adi ke rUpa meM bahiraMga se, zarIra Adi se, sarvathA nirapekSa rahakara cala nahIM sakatA, isalie bahiraMga kA sahayoga bhI apekSita hai| bhautika aura AdhyAtmika, sarvathA nirapekSa do alaga-alaga khaNDa nahIM ho sakate, balki donoM ko amuka sthiti evaM mAtrA meM sAtha lekara hI calA jA sakatA hai, tabhI jIvana sundara, upayogI evaM sukhI raha sakatA hai / isa duSTi se maiM socatA hU~ to lagatA hai-adhyAtma-vijJAna aura bhautika-vijJAna donoM hI jIvana ke aMga haiM, phira inameM virodha aura dvandva kI bAta kyA raha jAtI hai? yahI prAja kA mukhya prazna hai ! zAstra banAma granthaH bhautika vijJAna ke kucha bhUgola-khagola sambandhI anusandhAnoM ke kAraNa dharmagranthoM kI kucha mAnyatAe~ Aja gar3abar3A rahI haiM, ve asatya siddha ho rahI hai aura una granthoM para vizvAsa karane vAlA varga lar3akhar3A rahA hai, anAsthA se dig-bhrAnta ho rahA hai / saikar3oM varSoM se cale Ae granthoM aura unake pramANoM ko eka kSaNa meM kaise asvIkAra kara leM aura kaise vijJAna ke pratyakSasiddha tathyoM ko jhuThalAne kA dussAhasa kara leN| basa, yaha vaicArika pratidvandvitA kA saMgharSa hI Aja dhArmika mAnasa meM uthala-puthala macAe jA rahA hai| jahA~-jahA~ para paramparAgata vaicArika pratibaddhatA, tarkahIna vizvAsoM kI jar3atA vijayI ho rahI hai, vahA~-vahA~ vijJAna ko asatya, bhrAmaka aura sarvanAzI kahane ke sivA, aura koI cArA bhI nahIM hai| maiM samajhatA hU~, isI bhrAnti ke kAraNa vijJAna ko dharma kA virodhI evaM pratidvandvI mAna liyA gayA hai, aura dhArmikoM kI isI 212 Jain Education Intemational pannA samikkhae dhamma
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________________ andha pratibaddhatA evaM ghRNA ke uttara meM naI dizA ke ugra vicArakoM ne dharma ko eka mAdaka aphIma karAra de diyA hai| pAkhaNDa aura asatya kA pratinidhi batA diyA hai| - yadi hama saMtulita hokara samajhane-socane kA prayatna kareM, to yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAegI ki tathAkathita dharmagranthoM kI mAnyatA ke sAtha vijJAna ke anasandhAna kyoM TakarA rahe haiM? isa sandarbha meM do bAteM hameM samajhanI hoMgI--pahalI yaha ki zAstra kI paribhASA kyA hai ? usakA prayojana aura pratipAdya kyA hai? aura, dUsarI yaha ki zAstra ke nAma para cale A rahe pratyeka grantha, smRti, purANa aura anya saMdarbha pustakoM ko akSaraza: satya mAne yA nahIM? grantha aura zAstra meM bheda : sarvaprathama yaha samajha lenA cAhie ki zAstra eka bahuta pavitra evaM vyApaka zabda hai, isakI tulanA meM grantha kA mahattva bahuta kama hai| yadyapi zabdakoSa kI dRSTi se grantha aura zAstra ko paryAyavAcI zabda mAnA gayA hai, kintu vyAkAraNa kI dRSTi se aisA nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| koI bhI zabda kisI dUsare zabda kA sarvathA paryAyavAcI nahIM ho sakatA, unake artha meM avazya hI maulika antara rahatA hai| zAstra aura grantha ko bhI maiM isI prakAra do alaga-alaga zabda mAnatA huuN| zAstra kA sambandha antar se hai, satyaM, zivaM, sundaraM ko sAkSAt anubhUti se hai, sva-para kalyANa kI mati-gati-kRti se hai, jabaki grantha ke sAtha aisA niyama nahIM hai| zAstra satya ke sAkSAt darzana evaM AcaraNa kA upadeSTA hotA hai, jabaki grantha isa tathya ke lie pratiniyata nahIM hai| zAstra aura grantha ke sambandha meM yaha viveka yadi hamArI buddhi meM jaga gayA hai, to phira vijJAna aura adhyAtma meM, vijJAna aura dharma meM tathA vijJAna aura zAstra meM koI TakarAhaTa nahIM hogI, koI kisI ko asatya evaM sarvanAzI siddha karane kA prayatna nahIM kregaa| dharmagranthoM ke prati, cAhe ve jaina sUtra haiM, cAhe smRti aura purANa haiM, Aja ke buddhivAdI varga meM eka upahAsa kI bhAvanA bana cukI hai, aura sAmAnya-zraddhAlu varga meM unake prati anAsthA paidA ho rahI hai| isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki hamane zAstra kI mUla maryAdAnoM ko nahIM samajhA, grantha kA artha nahIM samajhA aura saMskRta, prAkRta meM jo bhI koI prAcIna kahA jAnevAlA grantha milA, use zAstra mAna baiThe, bhagavadvANI mAna baiThe, aura gale se khuba kasa kara bA~dha liyA ki yaha hamArA dharma grantha hai, yaha dhruva satya hai, isake viparIta jo kucha bhI koI kahatA hai, vaha jhUTha hai, galata hai| kahate haiM ki saUdI araba meM sabase pahale jaba TelIphona ke tAra kI lAina DAlI jA rahI thI, to vahA~ dharmaguru maulavI logoM ne bar3A bhArI virodha kiyaa| dhArmika janatA ko bhar3akAyA--yaha to zaitAna kA kAma hai, kurAna zarIpha ke hukma ke khilApha hai| vAdavivAda ugra ho calA, idhara-udhara uttejanA phailane lagI, to bahA~ ke tatkAlIna baddhimAna bAdazAha inna saUdI ne phaisalA diyA ki-"isakI parIkSA honI cAhie ki daraasala hI yaha zaitAna kA kAma hai yA nhiiN| isake lie do maulAnAoM ko niyata kiyA gayA ki ve kramaza: TelIphona para kurAna kI AyateM pddh'eN| yadi zaitAna kA kAma hogA, to ve pavitra AyateM tAra se usa pAra sunAI nahIM deMgI, aura yadi sunAI dI, to vaha zaitAna kA kAma nahIM hogaa|" Apa jAna sakate haiM, kyA pramANita huA? vahIM pramANita huA, jo pramANita ho sakatA thaa| satya ke samakSa bhrAnta dhAraNAoM ke dAve kaba taka Tika sakate haiM ? dharmagranthoM ke prati isa prakAra kA jo vivekahIna ba~dhA-ba~dhAyA dRSTikoNa hai, vaha kevala bhArata ko hI nahIM, balki saMpUrNa dhArmika vizva ko jakar3e hue hai| yaha saba kaba se calA A rahA hai, kahA nahIM jA sktaa| granthoM se cipaTe rahane kI isa jar3atA ne kitane vaijJAnikoM ko mauta ke ghATa utaravAyA, kitanoM ko deza-tyAga karavAyA? yaha itihAsa ke pRSThoM para Aja bhI par3hA jA sakatA hai| dharma kI parakha kA prAdhAra Jain Education Intemational 213
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________________ grantha : saMkalanA mAtra : mAnava mastiSka meM vicAroM kI yaha pratibaddhatA grantha ne hI paidA kI hai| grantha kA artha hI hai-granthi ! gA~Tha ! jaina bhikSu ko, zramaNa ko nirgrantha kahA gayA hai| arthAt usake bhItara meM moha, Asakti Adi kI koI gA~Tha nahIM hotI, granthi nahIM hotii| gA~Tha taba DAlI jAtI hai, jaba kucha jor3anA hotA hai, saMgraha karanA hotA hai| kucha idhara se liyA, kucha udhara se liyA, gAMTha DAlI, jur3a gayA, yA jor3a liyA, aura gA~Tha lagAI-isa prakAra lete gae, jor3ate gae aura grantha taiyAra hote ge| grantha zabda ke isI bhAva ko hindI kI 'gathanA' kriyA vyakta karatI hai| mAlI jaba phUloM ko dhAge meM pirotA hai, taba eka phUla letA hai, gA~Tha DAla letA hai, phira dUsarA phUla letA hai aura phira gA~Tha DAla letA hai-isa prakAra pirotA jAtA hai, gA~The DAlatA jAtA hai aura mAlA taiyAra ho jAtI hai| binA gAMTha DAle mAlA taiyAra nahIM hotii| isI prakAra vicAroM kI gA~The jor3e binA grantha bhI kaise taiyAra hogA? isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki grantha ke lie maulika ciMtana kI apekSA nahIM rahatI, vaha to eka saMkalanA mAna hai, vicAroM evaM mAnyatAoM ke manakoM kI mAlA hai, saMgrahIta vicAroM kI gaTharI hai| zAstra ke sambandha meM yaha bAta nahIM ho sktii| zAstra : satya kA sAkSAt darzana : zAstra, satya kA sAkSAt darzana hotA hai| kyoMki satya sadA akhaNDa, saMpUrNa evaM samagra mAnava cetanA ko sparza karane vAlA hotA hai| hamArI saMskRti meM 'satya' ke sAtha 'ziva' saMlagna rahatA hai| satya ke darzana meM sRSTi kI samagra cetanA ke kalyANa kI chavi pratibimbita rahatI hai| bhautika vijJAna bhI satya kA udghATana karatA hai, kintu usake udghATana meM kevala bauddhika sparza hotA hai, samagra caitanya kI zivAnubhati kA AdhAra nahIM hotA, isIlie maiM use dharmazAstra kI sImA meM nahIM mAna sktaa|| zAstra ke sambandha meM hamArI yaha bhI eka dhAraNA hai ki zAstra prArSa vANI arthAt RSi kI vANI hai| yAska ne RSi kI paribhASA kI hai, satya kA sAkSAtadraSTA, RSi hotA hai-- RSidarzanAt / hara sAdhaka RSi nahIM kahalAtA, kintu apanI sUkSma prajJA aura tarkazuddha jJAna ke dvArA jo satya kI spaSTa anubhUti kara sakatA hai, vahI vastutaH RSi hai| isalie vedoM meM RSi ko maMtradraSTA ke rUpa meM abhihita kiyA gayA hai| hA~, to maiM kahanA yaha cAhatA hU~ ki bhArata kI vaidika evaM jaina paramparA meM pArSavANI kA artha sAkSAt satyAnubhUti para AdhArita zivatva kA pratipAdaka maulika jJAna hotA hai| zAstra kA upadeSTA A~kha mUMda kara udhAra liyA huA zivatvazUnya jJAna nahIM detaa| usakA sarvajana hitAya upadeza antaHsphUrta nirmala jJAna ke pravAha se udbhUta hotA hai, jisakA sambandha sIdhA prAtmA se hotA hai| AtmA ke ananta jJAna, darzana svarUpa Aloka ko vyakta karanA evaM AtmasvarUpa para chAI huI vibhAva-pari- NatiyoM kI malinatA kA nivAraNa karanA-yahI pArSavANI kA mukhya pratipAdya hotA hai| jaina-paramparA meM mahAn pratinidhi AgamavettA AcArya jinabhadra gaNi kSamAzramaNa se jaba pUchA gayA ki zAstra kise kahate haiM ? to unhoMne batAyA--- "sAsijjae teNa tahi vA neyamAyAvato satyaM / "3 1. nirukta 2 / 11 2. sAkSAtkRtadharmANo RSayo babhavaH |--nirukt 1 / 20 3. vizeSAvazyaka bhASya, gAthA 1384 zAsu anaziSTau zAsyate jJeyamAtmA vA'nenAsmAdasminniti vA zAstrama---TIkA 214 pannA samikkhae dhamma Jain Education Intemational
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________________ jisake dvArA yathArtha satya rUpa jJeya kA, AtmA kA paribodha ho evaM AtmA kA anuzAsana kiyA jA sake, vaha zAstra hai| zAstra zabda zAsadhAta se banA hai. jisakA artha hai- -zAsana, 'zikSaNa, udbodhana ! ata: zAstra kA artha humA-jisa tattvajJAna ke dvArA prAtmA anuzAsita hotI hai, ubuddha hotI hai, vaha tattvajJAna zAstra hai| AcArya jinabhadra kI yaha vyAkhyA unakI svatantra kalpanA nahIM hai, balki isakA AdhAra jaina Agama hai| prAgama meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vANI kA yaha udghoSa huA hai ki---"jisake dvArA prAtmA jAgRta hotI hai, tapa, kSamA evaM ahiMsA kI sAdhanA meM pravRtta hotI hai, vaha zAstra hai|" uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke tIsare adhyayana meM cAra bAteM durlabha batAI gaI haiM-"mANusattaM suIsaddhA, saMjamammi ya vIriyaMarthAt manuSyatva, zAstrazravaNa, zraddhA aura saMyama meM parAkramapuruSArtha ! Age calakara batAyA gayA hai ki zruti arthAta zAstra kaisA hotA hai ? --"jaM soccA paDivajjati tavaM khaMtimahisa -jisako sunakara sAdhaka kA antarmana pratibuddha hotA hai, usameM tapa kI bhAvanA jAgata hotI hai aura phalataH idhara-udhara bikharI huI aniyantrita uddAma icchAoM kA nirodha kiyA jAtA hai| icchA nirodha se saMyama kI ora pravRtti hotI hai, kSamA kI sAdhanA meM gatizIlatA AtI hai--vaha zAstra hai|| isa saMdarbha meM itanA aura batA denA cAhatA hU~ ki 'khaMti' Adi zabdoM kI bhAvanA bahuta vyApaka hai----ise bhI samajha lenA caahie| kSamA kA artha kevala krodha ko zAnta karane taka hI sImita nahIM hai, apitu kaSAyamAtra kA zamana karanA bhI hai| jo krodha kA zamana karatA hai, mAna kA zamana karatA hai, mAyA aura lobha kI vRttiyoM kA zamana karatA hai, vahI saccA 'kSamAvAna' hai| 'kSamA' kA mUla artha 'samartha' honA bhI hai, jo kaSAyoM ko vijaya karane meM sakSama arthAt samartha hotA hai, jo krodha, mAna Adi kI vRttiyoM ko vijaya kara sake, mana ko sadA zAMta-upazAMta rakha sake--vaha 'kSamAvAna' kahalAtA hai| zAstra kA lakSya : zreyabhAvanA : zAstra kI prerakatA meM tapa aura kSamA ke sAtha ahiMsA zabda kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| ahiMsA kI bAta kaha kara samagra prANijagat ke zreya evaM kalyANa kI bhAvanA kA samAveza zAstra meM kara diyA gayA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ko bhagavatI' kahA hai / mahAn zrutadhara prAcArya samantabhadra ne ahiMsA ko parabrahma kahA hai| isakA matalaba hai--- hisA eka virATa AdhyAtmika cetanA hai, samagra prANijagata ke ziva evaM kalyANa kA pratIka hai| isIlie maiMne 'satyaM' ke sAtha 'ziva' kI maryAdA kA ullekha kiyA hai| ahiMsA hamAre 'ziva' kI sAdhanA hai| karuNA, komalatA, sevA, sahayoga, maitrI aura abhaya--ye saba ahiMsA kI phalazrutiyA~ hai| isa prakAra hama zAstra kI paribhASA isa prakAra kara sakate haiM ki tapa, kSamA evaM ahiMsA ke dvArA jIvana ko sAdhane vAlA, antarAtmA ko pariSkRta karane vAlA jo tattvajJAna hai, vaha zAstra hai| zAstra kA prayojana : zAstra kI paribhASA samajha lene para isakA prayojana kyA hai ? yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai| bhagavAn zAstra kA pravacana kisalie karate haiM ? isa prazna kA uttara dete hue mahAvIra ke prathama uttarAdhikArI Arya sudharmA ne kahA hai--'savva-jaga-jIvarakSaNa dayadvayAe 1. uttarAdhyayana 31 2. uttarAdhyayana 300 3. praznavyAkaraNa, 11 4. ahisA bhUtAnAM jagati viditaM brahma paramam |-svyNbh stotra dharma kI parakha kA AdhAra 215 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ bhagavayA pAvayaNaM sukahiyaM" samasta prANijagat kI surakSA evaM dayA bhAvanA se prerita ho kara usake kalyANa ke lie bhagavAn ne upadeza diyA / - paribhASA aura prayojana kahIM bhinna-bhinna hote haiM aura kahIM eka bhii| yahA~ paribhASA meM prayojana svata: nihita hai| yoM zAstra kI paribhASA meM hI zAstra kA prayojana spaSTa ho gayA hai, aura alaga prayojana batalA kara bhI yaha spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai ki zAstra kA zuddha prayojana vizva ke kalyANa kA mArga prazasta karanA hai| zAstra ke isa prayojana ko jaina bhI mAnate haiM, bauddha aura vaidika bhI mAnate haiM, IsAI aura musalamAna bhI yahI bAta kahate haiM-"IsA aura muhammada sAhaba duniyA~ kI bhalAI ke lie prema aura muhabbata kA paigAma lekara aae|'' __maiM samajhatA hU~, zAstra kA yaha eka aisA byApaka aura virAT uddezya hai, jise koI bhI tattva-cintaka cunautI nahIM de sktaa| jaina zrutaparamparA ke mahAn jyotirdhara AcArya haribhadra ke samakSa jaba zAstra ke prayojana kA prazna AyA, to unhoMne bhI isI bAta ko duharAte hue uttara diyA "malinasya yathAtyantaM jalaM vastrasya zodhanam / antaHkaraNaratnasya tathA zAstraM vidurbudhAH / / " jisa prakAra jala vastra kI malinatA kA prakSAlana karake use ujjvala banA detA hai, vaise hI zAstra bhI mAnava ke antaHkaraNa meM sthita kAma, krodha Adi kAluSya kA prakSAlana karake use pavitra tathA nirmala banA detA hai| isa prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra se lekara eka hajAra se kucha adhika varSa taka ke cintana meM zAstra kI yahI eka sarvamAnya paribhASA prastuta huI.-"jisake dvArA Atma-paribodha ho, AtmA ahiMsA evaM saMyama kI sAdhanA ke dvArA pavitratA kI ora gati kare, usa tattva-jJAna ko zAstra kahA jAtA hai|" zAstra ke nAma para: mAnavatA ke sArvabhauma cintana evaM vijJAna kI navInatama upalabdhiyoM ke kAraNa prAja yaha prazna khar3A ho gayA hai ki ina zAstroM kA kyA hogA? vijJAna kI bAta kA uttara kyA hai, ina zAstroM ke pAsa? pahalI bAta maiM yaha kahanA cAhatA hU~, jaisI ki hamane zAstra kI paribhASA samajhI hai, vaha svayaM meM eka vijJAna hai, satya hai| to kyA vijJAna, vijJAna ko cunautI de sakatA hai? satya, satya ko cunautI de sakatA hai ? nahIM! eka satya dusare satya ko kATa nahIM sakatA, yadi kATatA hai, to vaha satya hI nahIM hai| phira yaha mAnanA cAhie ki jina zAstroM ko hamArA mAnavIya cintana tathA pratyakSa vijJAna cunautI detA hai, ve zAstra nahIM ho sakate, balki ve zAstra ke nAma para palane vAle grantha yA kitAbeM mAtra haiN| cAhe ve jaina Agama haiM, yA zruti-smRtiyA~ aura purANa hai, cAhe piTaka hai yA bAibila evaM kurAna haiN| maiM purAne yA naye--kinhIM bhI vicAroM kI andha pratibaddhatA svIkAra nahIM krtaa| zAstra yA zrutismRti ke nAma para, A~kha mUMdakara kisI cIja ko satya svIkAra kara lenA, mujhe sahya nahIM hai| mujhe hI kyA, kisI bhI cintaka ko sahya nahIM hai| aura, phira jo zAstra kI sarvamAnya vyApaka kasauTI hai, usa para ve khare bhI to nahIM utara rahe hai| jina zAstroM ne dharma ke nAma para 'pazahiMsA evaM 'nara bali' taka kA pracAra kiyA.' 1. praznavyAkaraNa, 211-7 2. yoga-bindu prakaraNa, 2 / 4 3. yajJArtha pazavaH saSTA: svayameva svyNbhuuvaa| yajJasya bhUtyai sarvasya tasmAdyajJe vdho'vdhH|| -manusmati, 5136 4. vAlmIki rAmAyaNa (zunaH zepa) bAlakANDa, sarga 62 216 pannA samikkhae dhamma Jain Education Interational
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________________ mAnava-mAnava ke bIca meM ghRNA evaM upekSA kI dIvAreM khar3I kI, kyA vaha satyadraSTA RSiyoM kA cintana thA? mAnavajAti ke hI eka aMga zUdra ke lie kahA gayA ki vaha jIvita zmazAna hai, usakI chAyA se bhI bacanA caahie| to kyA akhaNDa mAnavIyatA kI anubhUti vahA~ para kucha bhI huI hogI? jisa nArI ne mAtRtva kA mahAn gaurava prApta karake samagra mAnava-jAti ko apane vAtsalya se prINita kiyA, usake lie yaha kahanA ki "na strIbhyaH kazcidanyad vai pApIyastaramasti vai"---striyoM se bar3hakara anya koI duSTa nahIM hai ! kyA yaha dharma kA aMga ho sakatA hai ? vargasaMgharSa, jAtividveSa evaM sAmpradAyika ghaNA ke bIja bone vAle granthoM ne jaba mAnava cetanA ko khaNDa-khaNDa karake yaha udghoSa kiyA ki "amuka sampradAya vAle kA sparza hone para zuddhi ke lie---"sacelo jalamAvizet" bastra sahita pAnI meM DubakI lagA lenI cAhie, taba kyA unameM kahIM Atma-paribodha kI jhalaka thI ? maiMne batAyA ki RSi vaha hai, jo satya kA sAkSAtdraSTA evaM cintaka hai, prANimAtra ke prati jo virAT AdhyAtmika cetanA kI anubhUti kara rahA hai.---kyA usa RSi yA zramaNa ke mukha se kabhI aisI vANI phaTa sakatI hai? kabhI nahIM ! veda, Agama aura piTaka jahA~ eka aora maitrI kA pavitra udghoSa kara rahe haiM, kyA unhIM ke nAma para, unhIM draSTA RSi aura muniyoM ke mukha se mAnava-vidveSa kI bAta kahalAnA zAstra kA gaurava hai ? zAstroM ke nAma para jahA~ eka ora aisI betukI bAteM kahI gaI, vahA~ dUsarI ora bhUgola-khagola' ke sambandha meM bhI bar3I vicitra, anargala evaM asambaddha kalpanAe~ khar3I kI gaI haiN| pRthvI, samudra, sUrya, candra evaM nakSatra Adi ke sambandha meM itanI manomohaka, kintu pratyakSabAdhita bAteM likhI gaI hai ki jinakA Aja ke anusandhAnoM ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM baitthtaa| maiM mAnatA hU~ ki isa prakAra kI kucha dhAraNAe~ usa yuga meM vyApaka rUpa se pracalita rahI hoMgI, zrutAnuzruta paramparA yA anumAna ke AdhAra para jaina-samAja unheM ekadUsare taka pahu~cAtA AyA hogaa| para kyA una lokapracalita mithyA dhAraNAoM ko zAstra kA rUpa diyA jA sakatA hai ? zAstra kA unake sAtha kyA sambandha hai ? madhyakAla ke kisI vidvAn ne saMskRta yA prAkRta grantha ke rUpa meM kucha bhI likha diyA, yA purAne zAstroM meM apanI aora se kucha nayA prakSipta kara diyA aura kisI kAraNa usane vahA~ apanA nAma prakaTa nahIM kiyA, to kyA vaha zAstra ho gayA ? kyA use dharma-zAstra mAna lenA cAhie? kyA use bhagavAn yA prApta RSiyoM kI vANI mAnakara zirodhArya kara lenA cAhie? uttarakAlIna saMkalana : vaidika sAhitya kA itihAsa par3hane para yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki uttarakAla meM kitane bar3e-bar3e dharma granthoM kI racanAe~ huii| smRtiyA~, purANa, mahAbhArata aura gItA, jinheM Aja kA dhArmika mAnasa RSiyoM kI pavitra vANI evaM bhagavAn zrIkRSNa kA upadeza mAna rahA hai, vaha kaba, kaise, kina paristhitiyoM meM race gae, yA parivadhita kie gae aura racanAkAra evaM parivardhanakAra ne bhale hI vinamra bhAva se aisA kiyA ho, phalataH apanA nAmollekha bhI nahIM kiyA ho, para yaha saba galata huyA hai| maiM batAnA cAhatA hU~ ki jisa mahAbhArata ko Aja Apa dharmazAstra mAnate haiM, aura vyAsaRSi ke mukha se niHsRta, gaNapati dvArA saMkalita mAnate hai, vaha prArambha meM kevala choTA-sA itihAsa grantha thA, jisameM pAMDavoM 1. vasiSTha dharmasUtra 413 2. yastu chAyAM zvapAkasya brAhmaNo hyadhirohati / ___tatra snAnaM prakurvIta ghRtaM prAsya vizudhyati / / -pravi0 288-286, yAjJa0 2 / 30 (mitAkSarA meM uddhRta) 3. mahA0 anu0 38 / 12 4. bauddhAn pAzupatAMzcaiva lokAyatikanAstikAn / ___ vikarmasthAn dvijAn spRSTavA sacailo jalamAvizet / / --smRticandrikA, pR0 118 dharma kI parakha kA prAdhAra 217 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ kI vijaya kA varNana hone se vaha 'jaya' nAma se prakhyAta thaa| jaba isakA dUsarA saMskaraNa I0 pU0 176 ke pUrva taiyAra huA, to usakA nAma bhArata rakhA gayA, aura bahuta samaya bAda prakSipta aMzoM kI vRddhi hote-hote vaha mahAbhArata bana gyaa| Aja kI gItA kA samUcA pATha, kyA sacamuca meM hI kurukSetra meM arjuna ko diyA gayA zrIkRSNa kA upadeza hai, yA bAda ke kisI vidvAn ko parivaddhita racanA yA saMkalana hai ? manusmRti jo hinduoM kA mAnavadharmazAstra kahalAtA hai, apane Aja ke rUpa meM kisa manu kI vANI hai ? kisane use banAyA ? tathya Aja itihAsa se chipe nahIM rahe haiM / maiM ina dharmagranthoM kA, jinameM kAphI acchA aMza jIvana nirmANa kA bhI hai, kisI sAmpradAyika dRSTi se virodha nahIM kara rahA hU~, kintu yaha batAnA cAhatA hU~ ki madhyakAla meM jisa kisI vidvAn ne, jo kucha saMskRta meM likha diyA yA use kahIM prakSipta kara diyA, use hama dharmazAstra mAnakara usake khUMTe se apanI buddhi ko bA~dha leM, yaha ucita nahIM / una granthoM meM jo viziSTa cintana evaM darzana hai, samagra mAnava jAti ke kalyANa kA jo saMdeza hai, usakA maiM bahuta Adara karatA hU~, aura isIlie unakA svAdhyAya va pravacana bhI karatA hU~ / kintu, isa sambandha meM isa vaicArika pratibaddhatA ko maiM ucita nahIM samajhatA ki unameM jo kucha likhA hai, vaha akSarazaH satya hai / uttarakAla meM zrAgamoM kI saMkalanA : maiM satya ke sambandha meM kisI vizeSa cintanadhArA ke prati kabhI pratibaddha nahIM rahA, sadA unmukta evaM svatantra cintana kA pakSapAtI rahA hU~, isalie jo bAta vaidika granthoM ke sambandha meM kaha sakatA hU~, vaha jaina granthoM ke sambandha meM bhI kahate hue mujhe koI saMkoca nahIM hai / 1. itihAsa kA vidyArthI hone ke nAte maiM isa tathya ko mAnatA hU~ ki pratyeka dharma paramparA meM samaya-samaya para parivartana hote Ae haiM, sahI ke sAtha kucha galata vicAra bhI Ae haiM aura yathAvasara unakA pariSkAra bhI huA hai / isI dizA meM jaina AgamoM kI mAnyatA ke sambandha meM matabhedoM kI eka lambI paramparA bhI mere samakSa khar3I hai / usameM kaba, kyA, kitane parivartana hue, kitanA svIkArA gayA aura kitanA nakArA gayA, isakA bhI kucha itihAsa hamAre sAmane Aja vidyamAna hai / nandI sUtra, jise ki Apa Agama mAnate haiM aura bhagavAn ke kahe hue zAstroM kI koTi meM ginate haiM, vaha bhagavAn mahAvIra se kAphI samaya bAda kI saMkalanA hai| usake lekhaka yA saMkalanakartA AcArya devavAcaka the| bhagavAn mahAvIra aura AcArya devavAcaka ke bIca ke sudIrgha kAla meM, deza meM kitane bar3e-bar3e parivartana Aye, kitane bhayaMkara durbhikSa par3e, rAjasattA meM kitanI krAMtiyA~ aura parivartana hue, dhArmika paramparAoMoM meM kitanI tejI se parivartana, parivardhana evaM saMzodhana hue, isakI eka lambI kahAnI hai / kintu hama usa eka hajAra varSa pazcAt saMkalita sUtra ko aura usameM ullikhita sabhI zAstroM ko bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vANI svIkAra karate haiM / yaha bhI mAnA jAtA hai ki upAMgoM kI saMkalanA mahAvIra bahuta bAda meM huI, aura prajJApanA jaise vizAla grantha ke racayitA bhI zyAmAcArya ke nAma se suvita vidvAn prAcArya bhagavAn mahAvIra ke bahuta bAda hue haiN| dazavaikAlika aura anuyoga dvAra sUtra bhI kramaza: AcArya zayyaMbhava aura prAryarakSita kI racanA siddha ho cuke haiM / yadyapi 1. (ka) digvijaya parva, saMbhavataH 176 I0 pU0 se pahale kA hai| (kha) mahAbhArata kA vartamAna saMskaraNa sAtavAhana yuga meM taiyAra huA / 218 2. manusmRti aura yAjJavalkya smRti sAtavAhana yuga kI kRti hai / -- bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUparekhA ( jayacandra vidyAlaMkAra) bhA0-2, pR0 1001 dear after ri - bhA0 i0rU0 pR0 1003 ( I0 pU00 1 I0 1 taka) bhA0 i0rU0 pR0 1003 .
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________________ ina AgamoM meM bahuta kucha aMza jIvanasparzI hai, para bhagavAn mahAvIra se unakA sIdhA sambandha nahIM hai, yaha nizcita hai| mere bahuta se sAthI ina uttarakAlIna saMkalanAmoM ko isalie pramANa mAnate haiM ki inakA nAmollekha aMga sAhitya meM huA hai aura aMga sUtroM kA sIdhA sambandha mahAvIra se jur3A huA hai| maiM samajhatA hU~ ki yaha tarka satya sthiti ko apadastha nahIM kara sakatA, hakIkata ko badala nahIM sktaa| bhagavatI jaise vizAlakAya aMga sUtra meM mahAbIra ke mukha se yaha kahalAnA ki-'jahA paNNavaNAe'--jaisA prajJApanA meM kahA hai, yaha kisa itihAsa se saMgata hai ? prajJApanA, rAyapasegI aura uvavAI ke uddharaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra apane mukha se kaise de sakate haiM ? jabaki, unakI saMkalanA bahuta bAda meM huI hai| isa tarka kA samAdhAna yaha diyA jAtA hai ki bAda ke lekhakoM va prAcAryoM ne adhika lekhana se bacane ke lie saMkSipta ruci ke kAraNa sthAna-sthAna para aisA ullekha kara diyA hai| jaba yaha mAna liyA hai ki aMga AgamoM meM bhI prAcAryoM kA aMgulIsparza huA hai, unhoMne saMkSiptIkaraNa kiyA hai, to yaha kyoM nahIM mAnA jA sakatA ki kahIM-kahIM kucha mUla se bar3ha bhI gayA hai, vistAra bhI ho gayA hai ! maiM nahIM kahatA ki unhoMne kucha aisA kisI galata bhAvanA se kiyA hai, bhale hI yaha saba kucha pavitra prabhubhakti evaM zruta mahattA kI bhAvanA se hI huA ho, para yaha satya hai ki jaba ghaTAnA saMbhava hai, to bar3hAnA bhI saMbhava hai| aura, isa saMbhAvanA ke sAkSya rUpa pramANa bhI Aja upalabdha ho rahe haiN| bhUgola-khagola : mahAvIra kI vANo nahIM: - yaha sarva sammata tathya Aja mAna liyA gayA hai ki maukhika paramparA evaM smRtidaurbalya ke kAraNa bahuta-sA zruta vilupta ho gayA hai, to yaha kyoM nahIM mAnA jA sakatA ki sarvasAdhAraNa meM pracalita usa yaga kI kucha mAnyatAe~ bhI prAgamoM ke sAtha saMkalita kara gaI hai ! merI yaha nizcita dhAraNA hai ki aisA honA sambhava hai, aura vaha huA bhI haiN| usa yuga meM bhUgola, khagola, graha, nakSatra, nadI, parvata Adi ke sambandha meM kucha mAnyatAe~ Ama pracalita thIM, kucha bAteM to bhArata ke bAharI kSetroM meM bhI arthAt islAma aura IsAI dharmagranthoM meM bhI idhara-udhara ke sAMskRtika rUpAntara ke sAtha jyoM kI tyoM ullikhita haI hai, jo isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki ye dhAraNAe~ sarvasAmAnya thiiN| jo janoM ne bhI lI, purANakAroM ne bhI lI aura dUsaro ne bhI! usa yuga meM unake parIkSaNa kA koI sAdhana nahIM thA, isalie unheM satya hI mAna liyA gayA aura ve zAstroM kI paMktiyoM ke sAtha cipaTa gaI! para bAda ke usa varNana ko bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nAma para calAnA kyA ucita hai ? jisa candraloka ke dharAtala ke citra Aja samUce saMsAra ke hAthoM meM pahu~ca gae haiM aura apolo8 ke yAtriyoM ne A~khoM se dekhakara batA diyA hai ki vahA~ pahAr3a hai, jvAlAmukhI ke garta haiM, zrI-hIna ujar3e bhUkhaNDa haiM, usa candramA ke lie kucha purAne dharmagranthoM kI duhAI dekara prAja bhI yaha mAnanA ki vahA~ siMha, hAthI, baila aura ghor3oM ke rUpa meM hajaroM devatA haiM, aura ve saba mila kara candra vimAna ko vahana kara rahe haiN| kitanA asaMgata evaM kitanA abauddhika hai ? kyA yaha mahAvIra kI vANI, eka sarvajJa kI bAnI ho sakatI hai ? jina gaMgA Adi nadiyoM kI iMca-iMca bhUmi prAja nApa lI gaI hai, uda nadiyoM ko Aja bhI lAkhoM mIla ke lambe-cauDe vistAra vAlI batAnA, kyA yaha mahAvIra kI sarvajJatA evaM bhagavatA kA upahAsa nahIM hai ? Aja hameM naye sire se ciMtana karanA caahie| yathArtha ke dharAtala para khar3e hokara satya kA sahI mUlyAMkana karanA caahie| dUdha aura pAnI kI taraha yaha alaga-alaga kara denA cAhie ki bhagavAn kI vANI kyA hai ? mahAvIra ke vacana kyA hai ? evaM, usase 1. jambUdvIpa prajJapti, jyotiSacakrAdhikAra, candraRddhi varNana / dharma kI parakha kA prAdhAra Jain Education Intemational
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________________ uttarakAlIna vidvAnoM kI saMkalanA kyA hai ? yaha sAhasa Aja karanA hogA, katarAne aura sakucAne se satya para pardA nahIM DAlA jA skegaa| Aja kA tarka pradhAna yuga nirNAyaka uttara mA~gatA hai aura yaha uttara dharmazAstroM ke samasta pratinidhiyoM ko denA hI hogaa| maiM samajhatA hU~ ki Aja ke yuga meM bhI Apa ke mana meM tathAkathita zAstroM ke akSaraakSara ko satya mAnane kA vyAmoha hai. to mahAvIra kI sarvajJatA ko apramANita hone se Apa kaise bacA sakeMge? yadi mahAvIra kI sarvajJatA ko pramANita rakhanA hai, to phira yaha vivekapUrvaka siddha karanA hI hogA ki mahAvIra kI vANI kyA hai ? zAstra kA yathArtha svarUpa kyA hai ? aura, vaha zAstra kauna-sA hai ? anyathA AnevAlI pIr3hI kahegI ki mahAvIra ko bhUgola-khagola ke sambandha meM kucha bhI atA-patA nahIM thA, unheM skUla ke eka sAdhAraNa vidyArthI jitanI bhI jAnakArI nahIM thI ! zAstroM kI chaMTanI : yahA~ prazna yaha upasthita hotA hai, hama kauna hote haiM, jo mahAvIra kI vANI kI chaMTanI kara sakeM? hameM kyA adhikAra hai ki zAstroM kA phaisalA kara sakeM ki kauna zAstra hai aura kauna nahIM? uttara meM nivedana hai, hama mahAvIra ke uttarAdhikArI haiM, bhagavAn kA gaurava hamAre antarmana meM samAyA huA hai, bhagavAn kI apabhrAjanA hama kisI bhI mUlya para sahana nahIM kara sakate / hama trikAla meM bhI yaha nahIM mAna sakate ki bhagavAn ne asatya prarUpaNA kI hai| ata: jo Aja pratyakSa meM asatya pramANita ho rahA hai, yA ho sakatA hai, vaha bhagavAn kA vacana nahIM ho sktaa| isalie hameM pUrA adhikAra hai ki yadi koI bhagavAn ko, bhagavAn kI vANI ko cunautI detA hai, to hama yathArtha satya ke AdhAra para usakA pratirodha kareM, usa canautI kA spaSTa uttara deM, ki sacAI kyA hai? vijJAna ne hamAre zAstroM kI prAmANikatA ko cunautI dI hai| hamAre kucha bujurga kahe jAne vAle vidvAn munirAja yA zrAvaka jisa DhaMga se usa cunautI kA uttara de rahe haiM, vaha tarka-saMgata nahIM hai, unakA kahanA hai ki "asalI candramA bahuta dUra hai|" kucha yaha bhI kahate haiM ki "yaha saba jhaTha hai. vaijJAnikoM kA, nAstikoM kA Sar3ayantra hai, kevala dharma kI nindA karane ke lie|" maiM samajhatA hU~, isa prakAra ke uttara nire majAka ke atirikta aura kucha nhiiN| jisa hakIkata ko pratispardhI rASTroM ke vaijJAnika bhI svIkAra kara rahe haiM, bAla kI khAla utArane vAle tArkika bhI AdarapUrvaka mAnya kara rahe hai, dharatI para raha rahe lAkhoM logoM ne bhI TelivIjana ke mAdhyama se candra taka Ane-jAne kA dazya dekhA hai, usa pratyakSasatya ko hama yo jhuThalA nahIM skte| aura na nakalI-asalI candramA batAne se hI koI bAta kA uttara ho sakatA hai| pratirodha karane kA yaha tarIkA galata hai, upahAsAspada hai| zAstroM kI garimA ko, aba isa hilatI huI dIvAra ke sahAre adhika dina TikAyA nahIM jA sktaa| maiM pUchatA hU~, Apako zAstroM kI parakha karane kA adhikAra kyoM nahIM hai? kabhI eka paramparA thI, jo caurAsI pAgama mAnatI thI, granthoM meM usake pramANa vidyamAna hai| phira eka paramparA khar3I huI, jo caurAsI meM se chaMTanI karatI-karatI paitAlIsa taka Akara ThaharI / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke lagabhaga do hajAra varSa bAda phira eka paramparA ne janma liyA, jisane paitAlIsa ko bhI amAnya ThaharAyA aura battIsa prAgama mAne / maiM pUchatA hU~dharmavIra lokAzAha ne, paitAlIsa prAgamoM meM se ikattIsa yA battIsa chA~Ta lie, kyA ve koI bahuta bar3e zrutadhara prAcArya the? kyA unheM koI viziSTa pratyakSa jJAna prApta huA thA? kyA unheM koI aisI devavANI huI thI, amuka zAstra, zAstra hai, aura amuka nhiiN| phira unhoMne *jo yaha nirNaya kiyA aura jise Aja Apa mAna rahe haiM, vaha kisa AdhAra para thA? sirpha apanI prajJA evaM dRSTi se hI to yaha chaMTanI unhoMne kI thI ! to Aja kyA vaha prajJA aura vaha daSTi lupta ho gaI hai ? kyA aAja kisI vidvAn meM vaha nirNAyaka zakti nahIM rahI ? 220 Jain Education Intemational pannA samikkhae dhamma
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________________ yA sAhasa nahIM hai ? athavA ve apanI zraddhA-pratiSThA ke bhaya se bhagavadvANI kA yaha upahAsa dekhate hue bhI mauna hai? maiM sAhasa ke sAtha kaha denA cAhatA hU~ ki Aja vaha nirNAyaka ghaDI prA paha~cI hai ki 'hA~' yA 'nA' meM spaSTa nirNaya karanA hogaa| paurANika pratibaddhatA evaM zAbdika vyAmoha ko tor3anA hogA, aura tarka kI kasauTI para parakha kara yaha nirNaya karanA hI hogA ki bhagavadvANI kyA hai ? aura, usake bAda kA aMza kyA hai ? vicAra-pratibaddhatA ko tor3ie: kisI bhI paramparA ke pAsa grantha yA zAstra kama-adhika hone se jIvana ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM koI antara Ane vAlA nahIM hai| yadi zAstra kama raha gae, to bhI ApakA prAdhyAtmika jIvana bahuta u~cA ho sakatA hai, vikasita ho sakatA hai, aura zAstra kA ambAra lagA dene para bhI Apa bahuta pichar3e hue raha sakate haiN| prAdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie jisa ciMtana aura dRSTi kI AvazyakatA hai, vaha to antara se jAgRta hotI hai| jisakI dRSTi satya ke prati jitanI aAgraha rahita evaM unmukta hogI, jisakA ciMtana jitanA prAtmamukhIna hogA, vaha utanA hI adhika AdhyAtmika vikAsa kara skegaa| maiMne dekhA hai, anubhava kiyA hai-granthoM evaM zAstroM ko lekara hamAre mAnasa meM eka prakAra kI vAsanA, eka prakAra kA prAgraha, jise haThAgraha hI kahanA cAhie. paidA ho gayA hai| AcArya zaMkara ne viveka cUr3AmaNi meM kahA hai--deha vAsanA evaM lokavAsanA ke samAna zAstravAsanA bhI yathArtha jJAna kI pratibandhaka hai| AcArya hemacandra ne ise "dRSTirAgastu pApIyAn duruccheye satAmapi",--kahakara dRSTirAgI ke lie satya kI anusaMdhitsA ko bahuta durlabha batAyA hai| hama anekAnta dRSTi aura syAdavAda vicAra paddhati kI bAta-bAta para jo duhAI dete hai, vaha Aja ke rAjanItikoM kI taraha kevala nArA nahIM honA cAhie, hamArI daSTi satya-daSTi bananI cAhie, tAki hama svataMtra apratibaddha prajJA se kucha soca skeN| jaba taka dRSTi para se aMdhazraddhA kA cazmA nahIM utaregA, jaba taka pUrvAgrahoM ke khaTe se hamArA mAnasa baMdhA rahegA. taba taka hama koI bhI sahI nirNaya nahIM kara skeNge| isalie yuga kI vartamAna paristhitiyoM kA takAjA hai ki hama pUrvAgrahoM se mukta hokara naye sire se soceM! prajJA kI kasauTI hamAre pAsa hai, aura yaha kasauTI bhagavAn mahAvIra evaM gaNadhara gautama ne, jo svayaM satya ke sAkSAtdraSTA evaM upAsaka the, batalAI hai--"pannA samikkhae dhamma" ?' prajJA hI dharma kI, satya kI samIkSA kara sakatI hai, usI se tattva kA nirNaya kiyA jA sakatA hai| zAstra-svarNa kI parakha : prajJA eka kasauTI hai, jisa para zAstra rUpa svarNa kI parakha kI jA sakatI hai| aura, vaha parakha honI hI caahie| hamameM se bahuta se sAthI hai, jo katarAte haiM ki kahIM parIkSA karane se hamArA sonA pItala siddha na ho jAe ! maiM yaha kahanA cAhatA hU~ ki isameM katarAne kI kauna-sI bAta hai ? yadi sonA vastutaH sonA hai, to vaha sonA hI rahegA, aura yadi pItala hai, to usa para sone kA bhrama Apa kaba taka pAlate raheMge? sone aura pItala ko alaga-alaga hone dIjie---isI meM Apa kI prajJA kI kasauTI kA camatkAra hai| janAgamoM ke mahAn TIkAkAra AcArya abhayadeva ne bhagavatI kI TIkA kI pIThikA meM eka bahata baDI bAta kahI hai, jo hamAre lie saMparNa bhagavada-vANI kI kasauTI ho sakatI hai| prazna hai ki prApta kauna hai ? aura unakI vANI kyA hai ? prApta bhagavAn kyA upadeza karate haiM? uttara meM kahA gayA hai--jo mokSa kA aMga hai, mukti kA sAdhana hai, prApta bhagavAn 1. uttarAdhyayana, 23 / 25 dharma kI parakha kA AdhAra 221 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ usI yathArtha satya kA upadeza karate haiN| AtmA kI mukti ke sAtha jisakA pratyakSa yA pAramparika koI sambandha nahIM hai, usakA upadeza bhagavAn kabhI nahIM krte| yadi usakA bhI upadeza karate haiM, to unakI prAptatA meM doSa AtA hai / " yaha eka bahuta saccI kasauTI hai, jo prAcArya prabhayadeva ne hamAre samakSa prastuta kI hai| isase bhI pUrva lagabhaga cauthI-pA~cavIM zatAbdI ke mahAn tArkika, jaina tattvajJAna ko darzana kA rUpa denevAle prAcArya siddhasena ne bhI zAstra kI eka kasauTI nizcita karate hue kahA thA- "jo vItarAga - prApta puruSoM ke dvArA jAnA parakhA gayA hai, jo kisI anya vacana 'dvArA apadastha hIna nahIM kiyA jA sakatA aura jo tarka tathA pramANoM se khaNDita nahIM ho sakane vAle siddhAnta kA pratipAdana karatA hai, jo prANimAtra ke kalyANa ke nimitta se sArva arthAt sArvajanIna - sarvajana hitakArI hotA hai evaM adhyAtma sAdhanA ke viruddha jAne vAlI vicAra saraNiyoM kA nirodha karatA hai-vahI saccA zAstra hai / " tArkika AcArya ne zAstra kI jo kasauTI kI hai, vaha Aja bhI amAnya nahIM kI jA sakatI / vaidika paramparA ke prathama dArzanika kapila evaM mahAn tArkika gautama ne bhI jaba zabda ko pramANa koTi meM mAnA, to pUchA gayA -- zabda pramANa kyA hai ? to kahA- 'prApta kA upadeza zabda pramANa hai !' prApta kauna hai ? tattva kA yathArtha upadeSTA prApta hai| jisake vacana meM pUrvApara virodha, prasaMgati - visaMgati nahIM hotI, aura jo vacana pratyakSa Adi pramANoM 'viruddha nahIM jAtA, khaNDita nahIM hotA-- vahI prApta vacana hai / AcArya ke ukta kathana se yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki kisakA, kyA vacana mAnya ho sakatA hai, aura kyA nhiiN| jo vacana nahIM hai, satya kI kasauTI para kharA nahIM utaratA hai, vaha bhale kitanA hI virAT evaM vizAla grantha kyoM na ho, use 'prApta vacana' kahane se inkAra kara diijie| isI meM prApta kI, aura kI prAmANikatA hai, pratiSThA hai| "zrAptopajJamanullaMghyamadRSTeSTavirodhakam / tatvopadezakRtsArvaM zAstraM kApathaghaTTanam / / hama svayaM nirNaya kareM : tarkazAstra kI ye sUkSma bAteM maiMne Apako isalie batAI hai ki hama apanI prajJA ko jAgRta kareM aura svayaM parakheM ki vastutaH zAstra kyA hai, usakA prayojana kyA hai ? aura phira yaha bhI nirNaya kareM ki jo apanI paribhASA evaM prayojana ke anukUla nahIM hai, vaha zAstra, zAstra nahIM hai / use aura kucha bhI kaha sakate haiM --grantha, racanA, kRti kucha bhI kahie, para hara kisI grantha ko bhagavad-vANI yA prApta vacana nahIM kaha sakate / zAstra kI eka kasauTI, jo uttarAdhyayana sUtra se maiMne Apako batalAI hai, jisameM kahA gayA hai-- tapa, kSamA evaM ahiMsA kI preraNA jagAkara zrAtmadRSTi ko jAgRta karane vAlA zAstra hai / yaha itanI zreSTha aura sahI kasauTI hai ki isake AdhAra para bhI yadi hama vartamAna meM zAstroM kA nirNaya kareM, to bahuta hI sahI dizA prApta kara sakate haiM / bahuta se jijJAsu aura mere sAthI muniyoM ke samakSa maiMne jaba bhI kabhI apane ye vicAra 222 1. nahi prAptaH sAkSAd pAraMparyeNa vA yatra mokSAGgaM tad pratipAdayitumutsahate anAptatva-prasaMgAt / - prAcArya abhayadeva, bhagavatI vRtti, 111 2. nyAyAvatAra, 6 3. zrAptopadeza: zabda: - sAMkhyadarzana 11101 -nyAyadarzana 11117 prAptaH khalu sAkSAtkRtadharmA / --- yathAdRSTasyArthasya cikhyApayayiSA prayukta upadeSTA. |--nyaaydrshn vAtsyAyana bhASya pannA samikkha dhammaM .
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________________ evaM tarka upasthita kie haiM, to ve katarAne-se lagate haiM aura kahate haiM, "bAta to ThIka hai, para yaha kaise kaheM ki amuka Agama ko hama zAstra nahIM mAnate ! isase samAja meM bahuta halacala maca jAegI, dhAvakoM kI zraddhA khatma ho jAegI, dharma kA hrAsa ho jaaegaa|" maiM jaba unakI ukta rur3hicusta evaM bhIrutA bharI bAteM sunatA hU~, to mana jarA jhuMjhalA uThatA hai-yaha kyA kAyaratA hai? yaha kaisI durbala manovRtti hai hamAre meM ? hama samajhate haiM ki bAta sahI hai, para kaha nahIM skte| cUMki loga kyA kaheMge? maiM samajhatA hU~--isI dabba manovRtti ne hamAre AdarzoM ko girAyA hai, hamArI saMskRti kA patana kiyA hai| yahI manovRtti vartamAna meM paidA huI zAstroM ke prati anAsthA evaM dharma virodhI bhAvanA kI jimmedAra hai| bhagavada-bhakti yA zAstra-moha: bahuta varSa pahale kI bAta hai, maiM dehalI meM thaa| vahA~ ke lAlA umarAvamalajI eka bahuta acche zAstrajJa, sAtha hI tarkazIla zrAvaka the| unake sAtha prAyaH aneka zAstrIya praznoM para carcA calatI rahatI thii| eka bAra prasaMga calane para maiMne kahA--"lAlAjI ! maiM kucha zAstroM ke sambandha meM paramparA se bhinna dRSTi rakhatA hU~ ! maiM yaha nahIM mAnatA ki ina zAstroM kA akSara-akSara bhagavAn ne kahA hai| zAstroM meM kucha aMza aise bhI haiM, jo bhagavAn kI sarvajJatA ke sAkSI nahIM hai| bhUgola-khagola ko hI le lIjie! yaha saba kyA hai ?" __maiMne yaha kahA to lAlAjI ekadama cauke aura bole-"mahArAja! Apane yaha bAta kaise kahI ? aisA kaise ho sakatA hai ?" isa para maiMne unake samakSa zAstroM ke kucha sthala rakhe, sAtha hI lambI carcA kI, aura phira unase pUchA-"kyA ye saba bAteM eka sarvajJa bhagavAna kI kahI huI ho sakatI haiM ? ho sakatI haiM, to inameM paraspara asaMgatatA evaM virodha kyoM hai ? sarvajJa kI vANI kabhI asaMgata nahIM ho sakatI, aura yadi asaMgata hai, to vaha sarvajJa kI vANI nahIM ho sktii|" __ lAlAjI bujurga hote hue bhI jar3a mastiSka nahIM the, zraddhA pradhAna hote hue bhI tarkazUnya nahIM the| unhoMne lambI tattvacarcA ke bAda anta meM mukta mana se kahA--"mahArAja! ina cA~da-sUraja ke zAstroM se bhagavAn kA sambandha jitanA jaldI tor3A jAe, utanA hI acchA hai| varnA ina zAstroM kI zraddhA bacAne gae, to kahIM bhagavAn kI zraddhA se hI hAtha na dho baiThe !" maiM Apase bhI yahI pUchamA cAhatA hU~ ki Apa ina caMdra, sUrya, sAgara evaM sumeru kI carcA karane vAle zAstroM ko mahattva denA cAhate haiM yA bhagavAn ko? Apake mana meM bhagavad-bhakti kA udreka hai yA zAstra kA moha ? Apa kaheMge, zAstra nahIM rahA, to bhagavAn kA kyA patA calegA? zAstra hI to bhagavAn kA jJAna karAte haiN| bAta ThIka hai, zAstroM se hI bhagavAn kA jJAna hotA hai| parantu, kauna se zAstroM se? hama AtmA hai aura bhagavAn paramAtmA hai| AtmA paramAtmA meM kyA antara hai ? azuddha aura zuddha sthiti kA hI to antara hai| AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa hI bhagavAn hai, bhagavAn kA svarUpa hai| isa prakAra bhagavAn kA svarUpa AtmasvarUpa se bhinna nahIM hai / aura, jo zAstra prAtmasvarUpa kA jJAna karAne vAlA hai, AtmA se paramAtmA hone kA mArga banAne vAlA hai, jIvana kI pavitratA aura zreSThatA kA patha dikhAne vAlA hai, vAstava meM vahI dharmazAstra hai, aura usI dharmazAstra kI hameM AvazyakatA hai| kintu isake viparIta jo zAstra AtmasvarUpa kI jagaha Atma-vibhrama kI virUpatA khar3I kara detA hai, hameM antarmukha nahIM, apitu bahirmukha banAtA hai, use zAstra kI koTi meM rakhane se kyA lAbha hai ? vaha to ulaTA hameM bhagavat zraddhA se dUra khader3atA hai, mana ko zaMkAkula banAtA hai, aura prabuddha logoM ko hamAre zAstroM para, hamAre bhagavAn para a~gulI uThAne kA maukA detA hai| Apa taTastha dRSTi se dekhie ki ye bhUgola-khagola sambandhI carcAe~, ye candra, sUrya, graha, nakSatra, parvata aura samudra Adi ke lambe-caur3e varNana karane vAle zAstra hameM AtmA ko bandhana mukta karane ke lie kyA preraNA dete haiM ? AtmavikAsa kA kauna-sA mArga dikhAte dharma kI parakha kA prAdhAra 223 Jain Education Intemational
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________________ haiM ? ina varNanoM se hameM tapa, tyAga, kSamA, ahiMsA Adi kA kauna-sA upadeza prApta hotA hai ? jinakA hamArI AdhyAtmika cetanA se koI sambandha nahIM, Atma-sAdhanA se jinakA koI vAstA hI nahIM, hama unheM zAstra mAne to kyoM? kisa AdhAra para? maiMne prArambha meM eka bAta kahI thI ki jaina evaM vaidika-paramparA ke aneka granthoM kA nirmANa yA navIna saMskaraNa IsA pUrva kI pahalI zatAbdI se lekara IsA pazcAt cauthI-pA~cavI zatAbdI taka hotA rahA hai| usa yuga meM jo bhI prAkRta yA saMskRta meM likhA gayA, use dharmazAstra kI sUcI meM car3hA diyA gyaa| isakA pariNAma yaha huA ki mAnava kI svatantra tarkaNA eka taraha se kuNThita ho gaI aura zraddhAvanata hokara mAnava ne hara kisI grantha ko zAstra evaM prApta-vacana mAna liyaa| bhArata kI koI bhI paraMparA isa bauddhika vikRti se mukta nahIM raha skii| zraddhAdhikya ke kAraNa, ho sakatA hai, prArambha meM yaha bhUla koI bhUla pratIta na huI ho, para Aja isa bhUla ke bhayaMkara pariNAma hamAre samakSa A rahe haiN| bhArata kI dhArmika prajA una tathAkathita dharma-zAstroM kI jakar3a meM isa prakAra pratibaddha ho gaI hai ki na kucha pakar3ate banatA hai aura na kucha chor3ate banatA hai| merA yaha kathana zAstra kI avahelanA yA apabhrAjanA nahIM hai, kintu eka satya hakIkata hai, jise jAnakara, samajha kara hama zAstra ke nAma para andhI zAstra pratibaddhatA se mukta ho jaaeN| jaisA maiMne kahA-zAstra to satya kA udghATaka hotA hai| asatya dhAraNAoM kA saMkalana, zAstra nahIM hotaa| maiM tattvadraSTA RSiyoM kI vANI ko pavitra mAnatA hU~, mahAzramaNa mahAvIra kI vANI ko prAtma-sparzI mAnatA hU~-isalie ki vaha satya hai, dhruva hai| kintu unake nAma para race gaye granthoM ko, jinameM ki adhyAtma cetanA kA kucha bhI sparza nahIM hai, satyaM, zivaM kI kucha bhI anubhUti nahIM hai, maiM unheM zAstra nahIM maantaa| kucha mitra mujhe ardha-nAstika kahate haiM, mithyAtvI bhI kahate haiM / maiM kahatA hU~, ardha-nAstika kA kyA matalaba ? pUrA hI nAstika kyoM na kaha dete ? yadi satya kA udghATana karanA, use mukta mana se svIkAra kara lenA, nAstikatA hai, to vaha nAstikatA abhizApa nahIM, varadAna hai| merA mana mahAvIra ke prati aTUTa zraddhA lie hue hai, satyadraSTA RSiyoM ke prati eka pavitra bhAvanA lie hue hai, aura yaha zraddhA jyoM-jyoM citana kI gaharAI kA sparza karatI hai, tyoMtyoM adhikAdhika prabala, tathA dRr3ha hotI jAtI hai| maiM Aja bhI usa parama jyoti ko apane antaraMga meM dekha rahA hU~ aura usa para merA mana sarvatobhAvena samarpita ho rahA hai| bhagavAn mere lie jyoti-stambha haiM, unakI vANI kA prakAza mere jIvana ke kaNa-kaNa meM samAtA jA rahA hai, kintu bhagavAn kI vANI kyA hai, aura kyA nahIM, yaha maiM apane antaviveka ke prakAza meM spaSTa dekhakara cala rahA huuN| bhagavAn kI vANI vaha hai, jo antara meM satya zraddhA kI jyoti jagAtI hai, antar meM supta Izvaratva ko prabuddha karatI hai, hamArI antazcetanA ko vyApaka evaM virATa banAtI hai| bhagavadvANI kI sphuraNA prAtmA kI gati-pragati se sambandhita hai, sUrya, candra Adi kI gati se nhiiN| sone, cAMdI ke pahAr3oM kI U~cAI-nIcAI se nahIM, nadI-nAloM evaM samudroM kI gaharAI-lambAI se nhiiN| RSiyoM kI vANI vizvamaitrI evaM virAT cetanA kI pratinidhi hai, usameM vargasaMgharSa, jAtividveSa evaM asat kalpanAoM ke svara nahIM ho skte| bhagavAn kI vANI meM jo zAzvata satya kA svara mukharita ho rahA hai, usako koI bhI vijJAna, koI bhI prayoga cunautI nahIM de sakatA, koI bhI satya kA zodhaka usakI avahelanA nahIM kara sktaa| kintu hama isa ajJAna meM bhI na raheM ki bhagavAn kI vANI ke nAma para, Apta-vacanoM ke nAma para, Aja jo kucha bhI likhA huA prApta hotA hai, vaha saba kucha sAkSAt bhagavAn kI vANI hai, jo kucha lipivaddha hai vaha akSara-akSara bhagavAn kA hI kahA huA hai| prAkRta evaM ardhamAgadhI ke hara kisI grantha para mahAvIra kI mudrA lagA denA, mahAvIra kI bhakti nahIM, avahelanA hai| yadi hama sacce zraddhAlu hai, bhagavadbhakta haiM, to hameM isa avahelanA se mukta honA caahie| aura yaha viveka kara lenA cAhie ki jo vicAra, jo tathya, jo vANI sirpha bhautika jagat ke vizleSaNa evaM vivecana se saMbaMdhita hai, sAtha hI pratyakSa pramANa se bAdhita bhI hai, vaha bhagavAn 224 Jain Education Intemational pannA samikkhae dhamma
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________________ kI vANI nahIM hai, vaha hamArA mAnya zAstra nahIM hai| hA~, vaha prAcAryoM dvArA racita yA saMkalita grantha, kAvya yA sAhitya kucha bhI ho sakatA hai, kintu zAstra nhiiN| ____maiM samajhatA hU~, merI yaha bAta Apake hRdaya meM muzkila se utregii| Apa gaharA UhApoha kreNge| kucha to, mujhe kucha kA kucha bhI kaheMge / isakI mujhe kucha bhI ciMtA nahIM hai| satya hai ki Aja ke ulajhe hue praznoM kA samAdhAna isI dRSTi se ho sakatA hai| maiMne apane cintanamanana se samAdhAna pAyA hai, aura aneka jijJAsuoM ko bhI diyA hai, maiM to mAnatA hU~ ki isI samAdhAna ke kAraNa Aja bhI mere mana meM mahAvIra evaM anya RSi-muniyoM ke prati zraddhA kA nirmala srota umar3a rahA hai, mere jIvana kA kaNa-kaNa Aja bhI sahaja zraddhA ke rasa se AplAvita ho rahA hai| aura maiM to socatA hU~, merI yaha sthiti una tathAkathita zraddhAluoM se adhika acchI hai, jinake mana meM to aise kitane hI prazna sandeha meM ulajha rahe haiM, kintu vANI meM zAstrazraddhA kI dhuMAdhAra garjanA ho rahI hai| jinake mana meM kevala paramparA ke nAma para hI kucha samAdhAna hai, jinakI buddhi para itihAsa kI ajJAnatA ke kAraNa viveka-zUnya zraddhA kA prAvaraNa car3hA huaA hai, unakI zraddhA kala TUTa bhI sakatI hai, aura na bhI TUTe to koI usakI zreSThatA maiM nahIM smjhtaa| kintu vivekapUrvaka jo zraddhA jagatI hai, cintana se sphurita hokara jo jyoti prakaTa hotI hai, usIkA apane aura jagat ke lie kucha mUlya hai / usa mUlya kI sthApanA Aja nahIM, to kala hogI, avazya hI hogii| niSkarSataH hama kaha sakate haiM ki zAstroM kA sahI abhidhAna hI hamAre jIvana kI patha-dizA prazasta karatA hai| aura, paryAya krama se ye zAstra hI hamAre dharma ke AdhAra bhI hai, usakI sahI kasauTI bhI hai| 225 dharma kI parakha kA prAdhAra Jain Education Intemational