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________________ citra-advaitavAda kA jainadRSTi se tArkika vizleSaNa DA0 lAlacandra jaina bauddhadarzana ke vijJAnavAdI dArzanika sampradAya ke kucha dArzanika citra-advaitavAda ke puraskartA haiM / citrAdvaita kA artha hai ki jisa taraha citra aneka raMgoM se yukta hotA hai usI prakAra jJAna bhI aneka AkAra vAlA hotA hai| citra-advaitavAdI jJAna-advaitavAda meM vizvAsa nahIM karate haiM / unakA siddhAnta hai ki ekamAtra aneka AkAra vAle citra-jJAna kI hI sattA vidyamAna hai| vibhinna raMgoM se yukta citakabarI gAya kI taraha jJAna meM vastu ke nIla-pIta Adi aneka AkAra hote haiN| vijJAna-advaitavAdI bauddha jJAna meM hone vAle ina nIlAdi AkAroM ko asatya mAnatA hai aura citrAdvaitavAdI satya mAnatA hai yahI donoM meM antara hai| __isa siddhAnta kA ullekha dharmakIrti, A0 vidyAnanda, vAdirAja, prabhAcandra, vAdidevasUri, yazovijaya Adi ne pUrvapakSa ke rUpa meM kiyA hai| ukta AcAryoM ke graMthoM meM upalabdha citraadvaita kA svarUpa prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| . citrAkAra jJAna ko hI sattA hai :-citrAdvatavAdI kahate haiM ki nIla, sukha Adi aneka AkAroM se yukta citra-AkAra vAlA jJAna hI eka mAtra tattva hai| isake alAvA anya koI tattva nahIM hai| bAhya padArtha nahIM haiM--citrAda tavAdI bAhya padArthoM ke astitva kA nirAkaraNa karatA hai| isa viSaya meM usakA kahanA hai ki koI bhI pramANa bAhya padArthoM ke astitva ko siddha nahIM karatA hai, isalie bAhya padArthoM kI sattA gadhe ke sIMga kI taraha nahIM hai| yaha sabhI dArzanika mAnate haiM ki prameya ke astitva kI siddhi pramANoM se hotI hai jisake astitva ko siddha karane vAlA pramANa nahIM hotA hai, usakA astitva bhI nahIM hotA hai| apane kathana ko spaSTa karate hue citra-advaitavAdI tarka karate haiM ki yadi bAhya padArtha ke astitva ko siddha karane vAlA koI pramANa hai to bAhya vastuvAdiyoM ko batalAnA hogA ki vaha pramANa 1. (ka) dharmakIrti ( 635-650 I0 ) : pramANavArtika, dvitIya pariccheda, kArikA 208-238 pR0 163-172 (kha) A0 vidyAnanda (vi0 9 vIM zatAbdI) : __ I tattvArthazlokavArtika, prathama adhyAya, prathama Ahnika, kArikA 155-164, pR0 35-36 / II aSTasahasrI, kArikA 7, pR0 76-79 (ga) vAdirAja [ vi0 11 vIM zatI ] : nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa prathama prastAva, kArikA 93-94, pR0 383-389 / (gha) A0 prabhAcandra (I0 san 980-1065) ___I nyAyakumudacandra, 1/5, pR0 125-130; II prameyakamalamArtaNDa, 115, pR0 95-96 / (Ga) vAdidevasUri [vi0 12 vIM zatI] : syAdvAdaratnAkara, 1/16, pR0 172-179 (ca) yazovijaya [vi0 18 vIM zatI] zAstravArtAsamuccaya TIkA,
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________________ 76 DA0 lAlacandra jaina sAkAra hai athavA nirAkAra ?' nirAkAra pramANa jar3a padArtha kA sAdhaka nahIM hai-nirAkAra pramANa bAhya vastu kI sattA ko nahIM siddha kara sakatA hai, kyoMki vaha nirAkAra pramANa sarvatra samAna rUpa rhegaa| isalie vaha pratyeka padArtha kI vyavasthA kA sAdhaka hetu nahIM ho sakatA hai| ___ sAkAra-pramANa se citrAkAra jJAna kI sattA siddha hotI hai-aba yadi yaha mAnA jAya ki bAharI padArthoM kI sattA siddha karane vAlA pramANa AkAra vAlA hai, to isase nIlAdi aneka AkAroM vAlA eka citrajJAna hI siddha hotA hai| isa citra jJAna se bhinna jar3a padArtha kI siddhi isa sAkAra pramANa se bhI nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki jar3a padArtha kI vyavasthA kA sAdhaka hetu kucha bhI nahIM hai| AkAra viziSTa jJAna bAharI jar3a padArthoM kI vyavasthA kA kAraNa nahIM hai -citrAdvaitavAdI apane kathana ko spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM ki AkAra viziSTa jJAna ko bAhya padArthoM kI vyavasthA kA kAraNa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai kyoMki vaha apane AkAra ke anubhava mAtra se kRtakRtya ho jAtA hai| pramANavArtika 3 meM dharmakIrti ne kahA bhI hai "yadi jJAna ( buddhi ) nIlAdi rUpa nahIM hai to bAhya padArtha ke hone meM kyA kAraNa (pramANa ) hai aura yadi buddhi nIlAdi rUpa hai to bAhya padArtha ke hone meM kyA prayojana hai ?" kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki yadi buddhi (jJAna ) anIlAdi rUpa hai to usake dvArA nIla Adi bAhya padArtha kI siddhi kaise hogI? kyoMki usako siddha karane vAlA koI pramANa nahIM hai| yadi jJAna nIla Adi rUpa hai to phira bAhya padArthoM ke mAnane kA koI prayojana nahIM hai arthAt unheM mAnanA nirarthaka hai| kyoMki nIla Adi bAhya AkAra mAtra jJAna meM pAyA jAtA hai| pUrvabhAvI, uttarabhAvI evaM samakAlabhAvI AkAra viziSTa jJAna bAhya padArtha kI vyavasthA nahIM kara sakatA-citrAdvaitavAdI apane pakSa ko siddha karane ke lie bAhya padArthoM kI sattA mAnane vAloM se jAnanA cAhate haiM ki yadi AkAra viziSTa jJAna padArtha kI vyavasthA karatA hai to batalAnA hogA ki prameya se pahale utpanna hone vAlA jJAna bAharI padArthoM kI vyavasthA karegA yA uttara kAla meM hone vAlA jJAna athavA sahabhAvI jJAna ? prameya se pahale kAla meM hone vAle jJAna ko bAhya padArthoM kA vyavasthApaka mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki yaha indriya aura padArtha ke sannikarSa se utpanna nahIM hogaa| prameya padArthoM ke hone para hI jJAna kA sannikarSa ho sakatA hai, kintu prameya se pUrvabhAvI jJAna kI utpatti prameya ke binA hI hotI hai| jo jJAna prameya ke binA hI utpanna ho jAtA hai, vaha indriyArthasannikarSa se utpanna nahIM hotA hai, jaise AkAza kamala kA jJAna indriyArthaka sannikarSajanya nahIM hotA hai, isI prakAra bAhya padArtha ke vyavasthApaka ke rUpa meM svIkAra 1. (ka) nyAyakumudacandra pR0 124 (kha) syAdvAdaratnAkara, pR0 172 2. nacAkAraviziSTajJAnameva tadavyavasthAhetu, nyAyakumudacandra, pR0 124 3. pramANavArtika 2/433 4. (ka) tathAhi tadvayavasthApakaM pramANaM ki 'samakAlabhAvI... syAdvAdaratnAkara, pR0 172 (kha) nyA. ku. ca0, pR0 125
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________________ citra-advaitavAda kA tArkika vizleSaNa kiyA gayA prameya se pUrvakAla meM hone vAlA jJAna prameya ke binA utpanna ho jAtA hai isalie vaha sannikarSajanya nahIM hotA hai| ataH usase bAhya padArthoM kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI hai| . prameya se utarakAla meM hone vAle jJAna ko bAhya padArthoM kA vyavasthApaka mAnane para do vikala hote haiM --(1) 'pramANa se pahale prameya kI vidyamAnatA hai' - ise ( pUrvakAla vRtti ko) kisI ne jAnA hai athavA nahIM? yadi "pramANa se pahale prameya kI vidyamAnatA hai" ise nahIM jAnA hai to vaha jJAna kA sad viSaya kaise hogA ? kyoMki yaha niyama hai ki jo sad vyavahAra ( satya ) kA viSaya hotA hai vaha kisI se jAnA jAtA hai| jo kisI se jAnA nahIM jAtA hai vaha sad vyavahAra ( satya ) kA viSaya nahIM hotA haiM, jaise AkAza kA kamala kisI se nahIM jAnA gayA isalie vaha jJAna kA sad viSaya nahIM hotA hai| (2) pramANa se prameya kI pUrvakAla vRtti hai"-aisA bhI kisI se nahIM jAnA gayA hai| ataH prameya se uttarakAla meM utpanna hone vAle jJAna ko bAhya padArthoM kA vyavasthApaka nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| aba yadi bAhya padArthavAdI yaha mAneM ki 'pramANa se pUrva prameya kI vidyamAnatA hai aura ise kisI se jAnA gayA hai, to unheM batalAnA hogA ki vaha kisase jAnA gayA hai-svataH athavA parataH ?' yadi svataH jAnA gayA hai, to bAhyArtha aura jJAna meM bheda nahIM hogA kyoMki svataH prakAzamAna hone se vaha pUrvavartI prameya jJAna rUpa ho jaaygaa| yaha niyama hai ki jo svataH prasiddha hai vaha jJAna se bhinna nahIM hai jaise jJAna kA svruup| jJAna se pUrva meM hone vAlA prameya bhI svataH prasiddha hai| usa pUrvavartI prameya kI jAnakArI pratipatti ) para se nahIM ho sakatI hai kyoMki pramANa se bhinna dasarA padArtha prameya kI vyavasthA kA kAraNa nahIM hai| eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki prameya kI pUrvakAla vRtti ko uttaravartI pramANa prakAzita nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki prameyakAla meM pramANa nahIM rahatA hai| jo jisa kAla meM nahIM hai vaha usakA prakAzaka nahIM hotA hai jaise apanI utpatti se pUrvakAlavartI kAla meM nahIM hone vAle padArtha kA dIpaka prakAzaka nahIM hotA hai| pUrvakAla viziSTa prameya kA vartamAna jJAna bhI nahIM hotA hai, isalie vaha usakA prakAzaka nahIM ho sakatA hai| aba yadi pramANa (jJAna) aura prameya (jJeya) ko samakAlIna mAnA jAya to jisa prakAra gAya ke bAyeM aura dAyeM sIMga eka sAtha utpanna hone para ve grAhya-grAhaka rUpa nahIM hote haiM, usI prakAra samAna kAla meM utpanna jJAna aura jJeya meM bhI grAhya-grAhaka bhAva nahIM bnegaa| aba yadi bAhya padArthoM kI sattA mAnane vAle aisA kaheM ki "bAhya padArthoM ke binA jJAna meM nIlAdi AkAroM kI pratIti nahIM ho sakatI hai isalie nIlAdi AkAroM kA anuraMjaka bAhya padArtha bhI hai" to isake uttara meM citrAdvaitavAdI kahate haiM ki uparyukta kathana ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki svapna avasthA meM bAhya padArthoM ke abhAva meM bhI bAharI padArtha kI 1. atha pratipannam ka svataH parato vA?-nyAyakumudacandra , pR0 25 2. samakAlatve tu jJAnajJeyayo: grAhyagrAhaka bhAvAbhAvaH / (ka) nyA0 ku. ca0, pR0 125 (kha) syA0 ra0, pR0 172
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________________ Grf DA0 lAlacandra jaina pratIti hotI hai| svapna avasthA meM hone vAle hAthI, ghor3A Adi sambandhI jJAna meM bAhya padArtha anuraMjaka nahIM hotA hai| anyathA svapna jJAna aura (prakAzita) jAgrata jJAna meM koI bheda nahIM rhegaa| isalie siddha hai ki arthanirapekSa jJAna hI apanI sAmagrI se aneka AkAra vAlA hokara jAgrata avasthA meM usI prakAra utpanna hotA hai, jisa prakAra svapnadazA meM utpanna hotA hai| aneka AkAra vAle jJAna meM ekatva kA virodha nahIM hai : yadi koI citrAdvaitavAdI se aisA pUche ki aneka AkAroM ke rUpa meM pratibhAsita hone vAlI buddhi meM ekatva kisa prakAra saMbhava hai ? to isake uttara meM citrAdvaitavAdI kahate haiM ki buddhi (jJAna) meM pratibhAsita hone vAle aneka AkAroM kA pRthakkaraNa nahIM hone se usameM ekatva kA virodha nahIM hai|' aneka AkAroM se pratibhAsita hone vAlI buddhi (jJAna) eka hI hai aneka rUpa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha bAhya AkAroM (citroM) se vilakSaNa hotI hai| bAhya AkAroM se vaha vilakSaNa isalie hai ki bAhya citra ( nAnA AkAra ) kA pRthakkaraNa saMbhava hai, kintu buddhi ke nIla-pIta Adi AkAroM kA pRthakkaraNa saMbhava nahIM hai arthAt 'yaha buddhi (jJAna) hai aura ye nIla-pIta Adi AkAra haiM' isa prakAra pRthak-pRthak vibhAjana buddhi meM nahIM ho sakatA hai|' citrapaTa Adi meM citrarUpatA kI jo pratIti hotI hai usameM jJAna dharmatA kaise saMbhava hai ? isake uttara meM citrAdvaitavAdI kahatA hai ki usameM artha dharmatA nahIM bana sakatI hai| isake alAvA eka yaha bhI vikalpa hotA hai ki citrapaTa Adi eka avayavI rUpa niraMza vastu hai athavA usake viparIta sAMza?3 citrapaTa Adi ko niraMza vastu mAnane meM doSa :-citra-advaitavAdI kahate haiM ki yadi citrapaTa Adi ko eka avayavI rUpa niraMza vastu mAnA jAyegA to nIla bhAga ke grahaNa karane para pIta Adi bhAgoM kA grahaNa nahIM hogA, kyoMki una pIta Adi bhAgoM kA usase bheda ho jAyegA yaha eka niyama hai ki jisake grahaNa karane para jo gRhIta nahIM hotA hai vaha usase bhinna hai / jaise meru parvata ke grahaNa karane para vindhyAcala gRhIta nahIM hotA, isalie ve bhinna-bhinna haiM / isI prakAra nIla bhAga ke grahaNa karane para pIta Adi bhAgoM kA grahaNa nahIM hotA hai| eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki viruddha dharmoM kI pratIti (adhyAsa) hone ke kAraNa avayavI meM bhI ekarUpatA nahIM bana sakatI hai| jisameM viruddha dharmoM kA adhyAsa hotA hai. usameM ekarUpatA nahIM hotI hai. jaise jala, agni Adi / avayavI meM bhI grahaNa-agrahaNa rUpa viruddha dharmoM kA adhyAsa hotA hai, isa lie usameM bhI ekarUpatA nahIM hai| yadi nIla bhAga pIta Adi bhAga rUpa hai to isakA tAtparya yaha huA ki pIta Adi ke agrahaNa meM nIla Adi kA bhI agrahaNa hogaa| kyoMki jo jisa rUpa hotA hai usake agrahaNa meM vaha bhI grahIta nahIM hotA hai| jaise pIta Adi ke agrahaNa meM usake svarUpa kA bhI grahaNa nahIM hotA hai| nIla bhI pIta Adi rUpa hai, isalie pIta Adi agrahaNa meM nIla Adi kA bhI grahaNa nahIM hogaa| 1. pramANavArtika, 2 / 220 aura bhI dekheM nyAyakumudacandra pR0 125-126; syAdvAdaratnAkara pR0 173 2. (ka) vahI (kha) prameyakamalamArtaNDa, pR0 95 3. nyA0 ku0 ca0, pR0 126
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________________ citra-advaitavAda kA tArkika vizleSaNa citrapaTa Adi ko sAMza eka vastu mAnane meM doSa :-yadi citrapaTa Adi ko niraMza eka vastu na mAnakara usase viparIta sAMza vastu mAnA jAya bhI to usameM, vibhinna AzrayoM meM rahane vAle nIla-pIta Adi kI taraha, svayaM citratA kA abhAva siddha ho jaayegaa| isalie citratA artha kA dharma nahIM hai, kintu jJAna kA dharma hai| apane kAraNa-kalApa se utpanna vijJAna (buddhi) aneka AkAra yukta (khacita) hI utpanna hotA hai aura anubhava meM AtA hai| isalie citrAkAra jJAna hI eka tattva hai| isa prakAra citrAdvaita siddha hotA hai| . citra-advaitavAdI sAMkhya dArzanikoM ke isa mata kA nirAkaraNa karate haiM ki sukhAdi meM jJAna svarUpatA kA abhAva hone se citra pratibhAsa vAlA jJAna hI ekamAtra tattva kaise ho sakatA hai ? ataH citrAdvaitavAda siddha nahIM hotA hai| citra-advaitavAdI kahate haiM ki sukhAdi bhI jJAna ke abhinna hetuoM se utpanna hone ke kAraNa jJAna rUpa hI hai| ataH sukhAdi jJAnAtmaka haiM, jJAna ke abhinna hetuoM se utpanna hone ke kAraNa jJAnAntara kI taraha / isI bAta ko pramANavArtika meM kahA bhI hai- "tad rUpa padArtha tadrUpa hetuoM se utpanna hote haiM aura atadrUpa padArtha atadrUpa hetuoM se utpanna hote haiN| ataH vijJAna (buddhi) se abhinna hetuoM se utpanna hone ke kAraNa sukhAdi ajJAna rUpa kaise ho sakate haiM ? citrAdvaitavAda kI mImAMsA :-nyAya-vaizeSika Adi bhAratIya dArzanikoM kI taraha jaina dArzanika bhaTTa akalaMkadeva, A0 vidyAnanda, vAdirAja, prabhAcandra, vAdideva sUri, yazovijaya Adi ne citrAdvaitavAda kA tarkapUrNa nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| jaina dArzanika sarvaprathama citrAdvaitavAdiyoM se kahate haiM ki bAhya padArtha kI sattA sAkAra evaM nirAkAra jJAna se siddha hotI hai| jaina darzana meM kevala sAkAra jJAna ko hI pramANa nahIM mAnA gayA hai|5 nirAkAra jJAna bhI yogyatA ke dvArA pratyeka kArya kI vyavasthA meM hetu hotA hai| isalie citrAdvaitavAda kA yaha kathana asatya hai ki nirAkAra jJAna sarvatra samAna hone se pratyeka karma yA padArtha kI vyavasthA meM hetu nahIM ho sktaa| 1. vhii| 2. (ka) vahI (kha) ekaM citraM bahiriha yato vastubhUtaM na kiJcinmAnArUDhaM kathamapi ghaTAkoTimAyAti tasmAt / citrAmikAM dhiyamanUbhavenaiva saMvedyamAnAM muktvA mithyAbhimatimadhunA kiM na bho svIkurudhve / citrAkArAmekAM buddhi bAhyArthamantareNApi itthaM me pratipannA: samprati teSAmiyaM zikSA / syAdvAdaratnAkara, 1/16, kArikA 165-166 pR0 174 3. nyAyakumudacandra pR0 126 para uddhRta / A0 vidyAnaMda tattvArthazlokavArtika 1/1 pR0 36-38; prabhAcanda : nyAyakumudacandra 1/5 pR0 126-130 / prabhAcanda : prameyakamalamArtaNDa, 1/5 pR0 95-98 / vAdideva sUri : syAdvAdaratnAkara, 1/16 pR0 174-179 / vAdirAja sUri : nyAyavinizcaya vivaraNa prathama pratyakSa prastAva 1/96, pR0 393-394 / 5. dekheM-kailAzacandra zAstrI jaina nyAya, pR088 6. (ka) nyAyakumudacandra, 1/5, pR0 126 (kha) nyAya vinizcayaTIkA 15/127
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________________ DA0 lAlacandra jaina eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki jo prakAzaka hotA hai usameM pUrvabhAva, uttarabhAva aura sahabhAva kA niyama nahIM hotA hai / udAharaNArtha kahIM para pUrva meM vidyamAna apane pazcAt hone vAle kA prakAzaka hotA hai| jaise sarya bAda meM utpanna hone vAle padArthoM kA prakAzaka hotA hai| kahIM para pUrva meM vidyamAna padArthoM kA unake pazcAt hone vAlA prakAzaka hotA hai jaise - makAna ke andara sthita ghaTa Adi padArthoM kA bAda meM hone vAlA dIpaka prakAzaka hotA hai| kahIM para sahabhAvI bhI padArthoM kA prakAzaka hotA hai| jaise kRtkatvAdi anitya Adi ke prakAzaka hote haiN| isalie pramANa pUrvApara sahabhAva niyama nirapekSa hokara vastu ko prakAzita karatA hai kyoMki vaha sUrya kI taraha prakAzaka hai / ataH citrAdvaitavAdiyoM kA yaha prazna ThIka nahIM hai ki prameya se pUrvakAla meM hone vAlA jJAna pUrvakAlavartI bAhya artha kA prakAzaka hai athavA uttarakAlavartI athavA sahabhAvI / azakya pRthakkaraNatva kyA hai :-AcArya vidyAnanda, vAdirAja, prabhAcandra Adi citraadvaitavAdiyoM se prazna karate haiM ki Apane jo yaha kahA hai ki baddhi (jJAna) ddhi (jJAna) ke AkAroM kA pRthakkaraNa karanA saMbhava nahIM hai to Apa batalAyeM ki aisA kyoM hai ? arthAt azakya pRthakkaraNa kyA hai ? kyA ve nIlAdi AkAra jJAna se abhinna haiM ? athavA jJAna ke sAtha utpanna nIla Adi AkAroM kA jJAnAntara ( dUsare jJAna ) ko chor3akara usI jJAna se anubhava honA hai ? athavA bhedapUrvaka ( bheda karake ) vivecana ke abhAvamAtra kA honA hI azakya pRthakkaraNa hai !' uparyukta tIna vikalpoM meM se prathama vikalpa-nIla Adi AkAra jJAna se abhinna hone ke kAraNa unheM jJAna se alaga karanA asambhava hai, aisA mAnane para hetu bhI sAdhya ke samAna asiddha hai| kyoMki aisA kahA jAtA hai ki nIla Adi jJAna se abhinna haiM, kyoMki ve usase abhinna haiM / yahA~ para sAdhya 'jJAna se abhinnatA' ko hI hetu banAyA gayA hai / ataH yaha asiddha hetu sAdhya ko siddha nahIM kara sakatA hai| isalie isase azakya pRthakkaraNa siddha nahIM hotA hai| sahotpanna nIla Adi jJAna kA jJAnAntara ko chor3akara usI jJAna se anubhava honA azakya pRthakkaraNatva hai' aisA mAnA jAya to anekAntika doSa hogA / jo hetu pakSa kI taraha vipakSa meM rahatA hai vaha anaikAntika hetvAbhAsa kahalAtA hai| citra-advaitavAdiyoM dvArA diyA gayA azakya vivecanatva hetu isalie anaikAMtika hai ki sampUrNa sugata ke jJAna ke sAtha utpanna huA hai aura jJAnAntara ( dUsare jJAna ) kA parihAra karake usI sugata ke jJAna se grAhya bhI hai| kintu usa sampUrNa saMsAra ke jJAna ke sAtha sugata ke jJAna kA ekatva nahIM hai| ataH jo buddhi meM pratibhAsita hotA hai vaha usase abhinna hai| yaha kathana anekAMtika doSa se dUSita hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki yadi sugata ke sAtha sampUrNa saMsAra kA ekatva ( ekapanA ) mAnane para sugata (buddha) bhI saMsArI rUpa ho jAyegA evaM sampUrNa saMsArI prANiyoM meM sugatapanA (sugatatva) ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra sugata ko saMsArI rUpa meM aura asaMsArI rUpa meM mAnane para brahmavAda mAnanA pdd'egaa| citrAdvaitavAdI yaha nahIM kaha sakatA hai ki sugata ke sAtha koI utpanna nahIM hotA hai, isalie sugata ke saMsArI hone yA saMsArI prANiyoM kA sugata rUpa hone kA doSa nahIM A sakatA 1. (ka) nyAyakumudacandra, 15, pR0 127 (kha) prameyakamalamArtaNDa, pR0 95-96 2. vipksse'pyviruddhbRttirnaikaantikH| anantavIryaH prameya ratnamAlA, 6/30
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________________ citra-advaitavAda kA tArkika vizleSaNa 81 hai| kyoMki pramANavArtika meM kahA gayA hai ki "jina para mahatI kRpA hotI hai, vesugata ke adhIna hote haiN|" isa kathana se spaSTa hai ki sugata ke sattAkAla meM sarvatra aise prANI vartamAna the| anyathA sugata kI kRpA kisa para hotii| isI prakAra vinayI ziSya Adi prANiyoM ke abhAva meM mokSamArga kA upadeza denA bhI nirtharaka hogaa| isake alAvA eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki sugata kA upadeza sunakara koI sugata kI taraha sugati (nirvANa ) bhI prApta nahIM kara sakegA, kyoMki Apake siddhAntAnusAra sugata ke samaya anya kisI kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI hai aura vaha sugata aMta rahita hai| aba yadi azakya pRthakkaraNa ko jJAnAMtarajJAna na mAna karake sugata ke jJAna se unakA anubhava meM AnA mAnA jAya to yaha kathana bhI asiddha hojAyegA kyoMki nIla-pIta Adi padArtha anya jJAnoM se bhI jAne jAte haiM ( anubhava meM Ate haiN)| yadi nIla Adi padArthoM ko jJAna rUpa mAnA jAya to anyonyAzraya nAmaka doSa AtA hai| kyoMki nIla Adi padArthoM meM jJAnarUpatA siddha hone para hI nIla Adi padArthoM meM anya jJAna kA parihAra karake usI jJAna se unakA anubhava meM AnA siddha hogA aura isa prakAra anubhava kI siddhi hone para padArthoM meM jJAnarUpatA kI siddhi hogii| aba yadi yaha tIsarA vikalpa svIkAra kiyA jAya ki bheda nahIM kara sakanA azakya hI pRthakaraNa hai' to yaha bhI asiddha hai kyoMki nIla Adi padArtha bAhara sthita haiM aura unakA jJAna aMtaraMga meM sthita haiM, isalie unameM pRthakkaraNa kI siddhi hotI hai| isa prakAra vivecyamAna evaM pRthakIyamAna ina donoM meM vivecana vA bhAva mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki isa prakAra mAnane se samasta padArthoM ke apahnava arthAt abhAva ke nizcaya se sakala zUnyatA siddha ho jAyegI, jo citrAdvaitavAdiyoM ko mAnya nahIM hai / citrajJAna kI taraha bAhya padArtha bhI eka rUpa hai-eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki aneka se vyApta antastattva jJAna kA pRthakkaraNa na kara sakane se yadi ekatva AkAroM kA avirodhI mAnate ho to avayavI Adi bAhara ke tattvoM ko bhI ekatva kA avirodhI mAnanA par3egA, kyoMki donoM meM samAnatA hai| buddhi ke dvArA usake svarUpa kA vivecana to anyatra bhI samAna hai| citra jJAna meM bhI nIla Adi AkAroM kA anyonya deza kA parihAra karake eka deza meM sthita honA samAna hai| nIla Adi AkAroM kA eka hI deza mAnane para eka AkAra meM hI anya samasta AkAroM kA praveza ho jAne se unameM vilakSaNatA (bheda) kA abhAva ho jAyagA aura aisA hone para citratA ( nAnA AkAra ) kA virodha ho jaaygaa| yaha eka niyama hai ki jisakA eka deza hotA hai arthAt jo eka hI AdhAra meM rahate haiM, unake Akara meM vilakSaNatA nahIM hotI hai| jaise nIlAkAra citra jJAna meM nIla Adi AkAra bhI eka deza vAle haiM, isaliye unameM bhI vilakSaNatA nahIM hai| usI prakAra jahA~ AkAroM meM avibhinnatA hotI hai vahA~ citrarUpatA nahIM hotI hai, jaise eka nIla jJAna meMsvIkRta ( abhimata) nIla Adi AkAroM meM bhI AkAroM kI avicitratA hai|' 1. nyAya kumudacandra, 1/5/pR0 128
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________________ DA0 lAlacandra jaina . 8 ___ AkAra citrajJAna se sambaddha hai yA asambaddha ? ---A0 prabhAcandra evaM vAdidevamUri citrAdvaitavAdiyoM se prazna karate haiM ki nIla Adi aneka AkAra citrajJAna meM sambaddha hokara citrajJAna ke kathana ke hetu hote haiM athavA usameM asambaddha hokara hI kathana ke hetu ( kAraNa ) haiM ? asambaddha hokara to ve AkAra citrajJAna ke kathana ke kAraNa nahIM ho sakate haiM, nahIM to atiprasaMga kA doSa ho jaayegaa| kyoMki koI kisI se asambaddha hokara bhI kisI ke kathana hetu ho jaaygaa| ___aba yadi sambaddha mAnA jAya to batalAnA hogA ki kisa sambandha se ve AkAra citrajJAna meM sambaddha hokara citrajJAna ke kathana meM kAraNa haiM ? tAdAmya sambaddha se ve sambaddha hai athavA tadutpatti sambandha se? una AkAroM kA citrajJAna se tadutpatti sambandha se sambandha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki samakAlIna padArthoM meM aisI sambaddhatA asambhava hai| tAdAtmya sambandha se bhI sambaddhatA nahIM banatI hai kyoMki aneka AkAroM se abhinna hone ke kAraNa jJAna meM ekarUpatA ke abhAva kA prasaMga aayegaa| jo aneka AkAroM se abhinna svarUpa hai vaha vaise hI aneka hai, jaise aneka AkAroM kA svarUpa / citrajJAna bhI aneka AkAroM se abhinna hai isaliye una AkAroM meM tAdAtmya sambaddhatA nahIM ho sakatI hai| eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki aneka AkAroM meM eka jJAnasvarUpa se abhinna ( avyatireka ) hone ke kAraNa anekatva nahIM bana sakatA hai, kyoMki jo eka se avyatireka ( abhinna ) hai vaha aneka nahIM hai jaise usI jJAna kA svarUpa / aneka rUpa se mAne gaye nIla Adi AkAra bhI eka jJAnasvarUpa se abhinna hai, isaliye ve aneka nahIM hai|' citratA artha kA dharma hai--citra-advaitavAdiyoM kA yaha kathana bhI doSapUrNa hai ki grahaNaagrahaNa rUpa viruddha dharmoM kA adhyAsa hone se citratA artha kA dharma nahIM hai| pratyakSa se virodha hone para anumAna pramANa kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai| abAdhita pratyakSa jJAna meM citra ke AkAra bAharI padArthoM ke dharmarUpa se pratibhAsita hotA hai| ataH usameM jJAnadharmatA mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai| jo jisa dharma se pratIta hotA hai vaha usase anya dharma vAlA nahIM hai jaise agni ke dharma rUpa se pratIta hone vAlI uSNatA jala kA dharma nahIM hai| citratA bhI bAhyArtha ke dharmarUpa pratIta hotI hai isaliye vaha bhI jJAnadharmarUpa nahIM hai| yadi koI kahe ki citratA ko kA dharma mAnane para grahaNa aura agrahaNa kI utpatti kaise banegI? isakA uttara yaha hai ki citra ke jJAna (pratipatti ) meM aneka vargoM kI pratipatti kAraNa hotI hai / nIlabhAga kA jJAna hone para bhI pIta Adi bhAga se apratipatti meM citratA kA jJAna na honA siddha hI hai / citratA ko jJAna kA dharma mAnane para bhI vaha viruddha hetu ke samAna hI hai| kyoMki yahA~ prazna hotA hai ki eka jJAna aneka AkAra vAlA hai athavA usase viparIta ? eka citrajJAna Radiotainduitra.. 1. kiJca ete AkArAH citrajJAne sambaddhAH santAktadvayapadezahetava asambaddhA vA, (ka) nyA0 ku0 ca0 pR0 128 (kha) syA0 ratnA0, 1/16, pR0 177, vahI / 2. tathAhi jJAnamekamanekAraM tadviparItaM vA? (ka) nyA. ku0 ca0 pR0 128 (kha) syAdvAda ratnAkara, pR0 177
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________________ citra-advaitavAda kA tArkika vizleSaNa 83 ko aneka AkAra vAlA mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki paraspara meM viruddha athavA bhinna (vyAvRtta) aneka AkAroM kA eka anaMza jJAna meM rahanA ( vRtti ) saMbhava nahIM hai| jinakI paraspara meM bhinnatA hotI hai, unakI anaMza eka vastu meM vRtti ( astitva ) yA sattA nahIM hotI hai| jaise gAya, ghor3e Adi paraspara meM bhinna haiM, isaliye unakI eka vastu meM sattA nahIM hotI hai| isI prakAra nIla-pIta Adi AkAroM kI bhI paraspara viruddhatA yA bhinnatA hai isaliye ve bhI eka jJAna meM nahIM raha sakate haiN| , prabhAcandra evaM vAdidevasUri yaha bhI kahate haiM ki eka anaMza jJAna kA paraspara viruddha AkAroM ke sAtha tAdAtmya ( abheda sambandha ) bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki eka anaMza kA paraspara viruddha AkAroM ke sAtha abheda sambandha mAnane para jJAna meM bhI bheda kA prasaMga prApta hogaa| udAharaNArtha -- jo eka aura anaMza hai usakA paraspara viruddha AkAroM ke sAtha tAdAtmya ( abhinna ) sambandha nahIM hai jaise- utpanna kSaNa kA utpatti aura anutpatti se athavA sattva aura vinAza se tAdAtmya sambandha nahIM hotA hai| citrAdvaitavAdiyoM ne citrajJAna ko eka aura anaMza mAnA hai| ataH AkAroM kA jJAna ke sAtha tAdAmya sambandha mAnane para unameM bheda mAnanA bhI saMbhava nahIM ho sakegA, taba citratA kaise bnegii|' yadi citra-advaitavAdI yaha mAne ki nIla-pIta Adi AkAroM kI taraha vaha jJAna bhI aneka hai, to prazna hotA hai ki vaha jJAna kathaMcit aneka haiN| athavA sarvathA ?2 citrajJAna ko sarvathA aneka mAnane para nIla Adi AkAroM ke jJAnoM meM paraspara meM atyanta bheda hone ke kAraNa citratA kA jJAna svapna meM bhI nahIM hogaa| kyoMki yaha niyama hai ki jinameM paraspara meM atyanta bheda hotA hai, unameM citratA kA bodha nahIM hotA hai; jaise santAnAntara ke vibhinna jJAnoM meM, AkAroM kI taraha unake jJAnoM meM bhI paraspara atyanta bheda hai, isalie citratA saMbhava nahIM hai| kathaMcit abheda mAnane para to jJAna kI taraha bAhya artha meM bhI citrasvabhAvatA mAna lenA caahie| kyoMki usameM bhI pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se taraha-taraha ke AkAroM se tAdAtmya kA anubhava hotA hai / durAgraha ke abhiniveza se kyA lAbha hogA? bAhya citratA aura antaHkaraNa kI citratA meM AkSepa aura samAdhAna samAna hai| prameyakamalamArtaNDa meM kahA bhI hai ki jisa taraha eka jJAna meM akrama se nIla, pIta Adi aneka AkAra vyApta hokara rahate haiM, usI prakAra krama se sukha duHkha Adi aneka AkAra bhI usameM vyApta hokara rahate haiM, aisA mAnanA caahie|"2 ataH nIla Adi aneka arthoM kA vyavasthApaka pramAtA (AtmA) hai aura vaha kathaMcita akSaNika hai aisA siddha hotA hai| ataH pramAtA aura prameya aise do tattva siddha ho jAne se citra-advaita hI tattva hai aisA siddha nahIM hotaa| 1. tathAhi jJAnamekamanekAraM tadviparItaM yA ? (ka) nyAyakumudacandra pR0 128 (kha) syAdvAdaratnAkara, pR0 177 2. (ka) nyAyakumudacandra pR0 129 (kha) syAdvAdaratnAkara, pR0 187 3. krameNApyanekasukhadyAkAra"dantojalAJjali: / 1/5, pR0 96 /
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________________ DI. lAlacandra jaina . AcArya vidyAnanda' ne bhI kahA hai ki jisa prakAra citrajJAna meM aneka AkAra hone para bhI jJAna kI apekSA se vaha eka rUpa hai| isI prakAra jJAna-darzana, sukha Adi kI apekSA se AtmA aneka rUpa hai aura Atma dravya kI apekSA eka rUpa hai| yadi sukha rUpa AtmA se jJAna rUpa AtmA ko bhinna mAna kara citra-advaitavAdI AtmA ko eka nahIM mAnegA to nIla rUpa AkAra se pIta rUpa AkAra bhinna hone ke kAraNa citrajJAna bhI eka rUpa siddha nahIM hogaa| eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki AtmA ko eka rUpa mAtra mAnane para citrajJAna ko bhI eka hI rUpa mAnanA pdd'egaa| aisA mAnane para use citrajJAna kahanA asaMgata ho jaayegaa| dharmakIrti ne pramANavAtika meM bhI citrajJAna meM aneka AkAroM kA nirAkaraNa karate hue kahA hai ki "kyA eka jJAna meM aneka AkAra ho sakate haiM ? arthAt nahIM ho sakate haiM, kintu jJAna ko aneka AkAra acche lagate haiM to isa viSaya meM hama kyA kara sakate haiM ?" dUsare zabdoM meM jJAna meM citratA nahIM hai phira bhI ajJAnatA ke kAraNa jJAna meM citratA mAnane vAloM kA koI kyA kara sakatA hai ? isI prakAra yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki citra jJAna meM ekAkAratA bhI siddha nahIM hotI hai / ataH citrajJAna meM kathaMcit ekAkAratA aura kathaMthit anekAkAratA siddha hotI hai| isIprakAra AtmA Adi tattva bhI kathaMcit eka rUpa aura aneka rUpa haiM / 2 sukha Adi jJAna rUpa nahIM hai :-citra-advaitavAdI mAnate haiM ki sukha Adi jJAna rUpa haiM kintu unakA yaha kathana ucita nahIM hai| kyoMki sukha Adi kI utpatti ekAnta rUpa se (sarvathA) usI sAmagrI se nahIM hotI, jina se jJAna kI utpatti hotI hai| sukha kI utpatti sAtAvedanIya nAmaka karma ke udaya se hotI haiM aura jJAna kI utpatti jJAnAvaraNa nAmaka karma ke kSayopazama se hotI haiM ataH sukha aura jJAna donoM ke kAraNa bhinna-bhinna hai| isa prakAra sukha Adi kI taraha jJAna bhI AtmA rUpa hai| ataH jJAna aura sukha Adi meM kathaMcit bhinnatA aura kathaMcit abhinnatA hone para bhI yadi una donoM meM ekatA mAnI jAyagI to rUpa, Aloka Adi ko bhI jJAna rUpa mAnanA pddegaa| isalie aisA mAnanA cAhie ki jJAna aura sUkha Adi sarvathA eka nahIM haiM / AtmA kI apekSA ve eka haiM aura apane kArya svarUpa Adi kI apekSA aneka bhI haiN| __ prabhAcandra, vAdidevasUri Adi tarkazAstrI kahate bhI haiM ki-citra-advaitavAdiyoM ne sukha Adi ko jJAna svarUpa mAnane meM jo yaha hetu diyA thA, ki sukha Adi jJAna utpanna karane vAle abhinna hetuoM se utpanna hote haiM, usake viSaya meM yaha prazna hotA hai ki sukha Adi meM jJAna ke abhinna hetu se utpannatva sarvathA svIkAra hai athavA kathaMcit ? yadi hetu ko sarvathA mAnA jAya to vaha asiddhadoSa se dUSita ho jaayegaa| kyoMki sukha Adi sAtA-asAtA vedanIya ke udaya se evaM mAlA, vanitA Adi nimittoM se hote haiN| isI prakAra jJAna jJAnAvaraNa ke kSayopazama Adi se hotA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki yadi sukha Adi kA svarUpa jJAna ke svarUpa se bhinna hai, to abhinna hetu se utpanna hone ke kAraNa yaha hetu asiddha siddha hotA hai| jinakA bhinna svarUpa hotA hai, 1. tattvArthazlokavArtika 1/1 dvArikA 159-161 pR0 35-36 2. vhii| 3. (ka) vidyAnaMdaH aSTasahasratrI, pR0 128 (kha) nyAyakumudacandra, 1/5, pR0 129 (ga) syAdvAdaratnAkara 1/16 pR0 178 /
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________________ citraM-advaitavAda kA tArkika vizleSaNa ve sarvathA abhinna hetu se utpanna nahIM hote haiM, jaise jala, agni aadi| jJAna aura sukha Adi meM bhI vibhinna svarUpa pAyA jAtA hai / sukha Ananda Adi rUpa hotA hai aura jJAna prameya ke anubhava svarUpa hotA hai| isalie ve bhI eka abhinna kAraNa se utpanna nahIM haiN| ataH vibhinna svarUpa vAle padArthoM kA abhinna upAdAna kAraNa mAnane para sabhI cIjeM sabhI kI upAdAna kAraNa ho jAyeMgI / ataH siddha hai ki jJAna sukha Adi rUpa nahIM hai| aba yadi jJAna abhinna hetu se utpanna hone ke kAraNa isa hetu ko kathaMcit mAnA jAya to rUpa, Aloka Adi ke dvArA hetu vipakSa meM cale jAne se anaikAntika nAmaka hetvAbhAsa se dUSita ho jAtA hai / kyoMki jisa prakAra rUpa Aloka Adi se jJAna kI utpatti hotI hai, usI prakAra rUpa-kSaNAntara evaM Aloka-kSaNAntara kI bhI utpatti hotI hai| saMkSepa meM rUpa-jJAna kI taraha rUpa ko bhI utpanna karatA hai / ataH sukha Adi jJAna rUpa nahIM haiM yaha siddha huaa| eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki Apane sukha Adi meM 'jJAna se abhinna hetu se utpanna hone ke kAraNa' aisA jo hetu mAnA hai vaha kisa apekSA se kahA hai upAdAna kAraNa kI apekSA se athavA sahakArI kAraNa kI apekSA se? upAdAna kAraNa kI apekSA mAnane para yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai ki inakA upAdAna kyA hai, Atma dravya athavA jJAnakSaNa ? Atma dravya ko bauddhoM ne mAnA hI nahIM hai isalie vaha upAdAna ho nahIM sakatA hai / Atma dravya mAnane para prazna hotA hai ki sukhAdi meM upAdAna kI apekSA se abheda siddha karate haiM athavA svarUpa kI apekSA se ? yadi citra-advaitavAdI 'sukhAdi meM upAdAna kI apekSA abheda siddha karate haiM'- isa vikalpa ko svIkAra karate haiM to isameM siddha-sAdhana nAmaka doSa AtA hai, kyoMki jainadarzana ne bhI cetana dravya kI apekSA sukha Adi meM abheda mAnA hai aura sukhajJAna Adi pratiniyata (pUrvanirdhArita) paryAya kI apekSA se inameM paraspara bheda bhI mAnA hai| aba yadi yaha mAnA jAya ki 'svarUpa kI apekSA sukha Adi meM abheda hai' to ghaTa. ghaTI, zarAva Adi ke samAna anaikAntika doSa hotA hai| kyoMki abhinna upAdAna vAle ghaTa, ghaTI Adi meM svarUpa se abheda nahIM hai|' _aba yadi jJAnakSaNa ko upAdAna mAnakara 'vijJAna se abhinna hetujatva' siddha karanA cAhate haiM to yaha bhI asiddha hai| kyoMki Atmadravya hI sukha Adi meM upAdAna hotA hai| paryAyoM kA dUsarI paryAyoM kI utpatti meM upAdAnatva kabhI bhI nahIM dekhA gayA hai| antaraMga athavA bAhya dravya meM hI upAdAnatva banatA hai| kahA bhI hai "jo dravya pUrva aura uttara paryAyoM meM tInoM kAloM meM vartamAna rahatA hai vahI dravya mAnA gayA hai|" AtmA pUrvottara paryAyoM aura tInoM kAloM meM rahane ke kAraNa dravya hai| aba yadi mAnA jAya ki 'sukhAdi meM jJAna-abhinna hetujatva' sahakArI kAraNa kI apekSA se hai to yaha bhI kathana mAtra hai| yahA~ cakSu Adi ke dvArA anaikAntika doSa kA pratipAdana hotA hai| yadi sukha Adi jJAna se sarvathA abhinna hai to jJAna kI taraha sukha Adi ko bhI artha kA ka honA cAhie, lekina aisA hotA nahIM hai| jJAna to sva-para prakAzaka hotA hai aura sukha Adi apane sva-prakAza meM hI niyata (nizcita) hai, aisA sabhI ko anubhava hotA hai / ataH viruddha 1. nyAyakumudacandra, 1/5, pR0 132
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________________ DA. lAlacandra jaina dharmoM kA adhyAsa hone se inameM abheda kaise ho sakatA hai ? jahA~ viruddha dharmoM kA adhyAsa hai vahA~ abheda nahIM hai| jaise jala, agni / jJAna sukha Adi meM bhI viruddha dharmoM kA adhyAsa hai, isalie unameM bhI abheda nahIM hai / isa prakAra sukha Adi meM jJAna rUpatva siddha nahIM hotA hai| isa prakAra citrAdvaitavAda para vicAra karane para vaha tarka kI kasauTI para kharA nahIM utaratA hai| isalie anya advaitavAdoM kI taraha 'citrAdvaitavAda' bhI ThIka nahIM hai /