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________________ bhAvanAsAra (dravya saMgraha kI TIkA) -laghukAya dArzanika kRti samIkSaka : DaoN0 lAlacanda jena dravyasaMgraha 11vIM zatI ke AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta deva kI eka dArzanika kRti hai| isakI racanA zaurasenI prAkRta bhASA meM kI gaI hai / mAtra 58 gAthAoM ke dvArA AcArya ne jaina dharma-darzana ke mUlabhUta siddhAntoM kA, vizeSakara tattva mImAMsA kA, sAragarbhita vivecana prastuta kRti meM kiyA hai| viSaya-vastu kI dRSTi se ukta 58 gAthAoM ko tIna adhikAroM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| ye tInoM adhikAra bhI ekAdhika aMtarAdhikAroM meM vargIkRta haiN| pahale adhikAra meM tIna aMtarAdhikAra aura sattAIsa gAthAe~ haiN| prathama aMtarAdhikAra kI 14 gAthAoM meM jIva dravya kA svarUpa vivecana upalabdha hai / dUsare aMtarAdhikAra meM pAMca ajIva dravyoM(pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla)kA 15 vI gAthA se 22 vI gAthA taka arthAt 8 gAthAoM meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai / zeSa 5 gAthAoM (23-27) meM pAMca astikAyoM, astikAya kA svarUpa, chaha dravyoM ke pradezoM aura pradeza kA lakSaNa tathA kAla ko akAya ke hone ke kAraNa kA ullekha kara tIsarA aMtarAdhikAra samApta kiyA gayA hai| dUsare adhikAra kI 11 gAthAoM meM jIvAdi sAta tattvoM aura pApa-puNya sahita nau padArthoM kA svarUpa batalAyA gayA hai| tIsare adhikAra meM kula bIsa gAthAoM ko do aMtarAdhikAroM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| isameM vyavahAra aura nizcaya mokSa mArga (samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyagcAritra), dhyAna aura pAMca parameSThiyoM arihanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu ke svarUpa kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra jinAgama kA sAra sUtra rUpa meM dravya saMgraha meM saMgrahIta hai| dUsare zabdoM meM sampUrNa Agama rUpI sAgara ko dravyasaMgraha rUpI gAgara meM bhara diyA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki yaha laghukAya graMtha digambara jaina paramparA meM bahuta mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| isakI mahattA isa graMtha para vibhinna AcAryoM aura vidvAnoM dvArA vibhinna bhASAoM saMskRta, hindI, kannar3a, marAThI, gujarAtI, aMgrejI Adi meM likhI gaI choTI-bar3I TIkAoM se siddha hotI hai| AcArya brahmadeva (I0 san 1260-1323) ne sarvaprathama drazya saMgraha saMskRta TIkA likhI thii| isase adhika prAcIna TIkA isa graMtha kI Aja taka upalabdha nahIM huii| isake pazcAt paM0 jayacandra chAbar3A kI bhASA TIkA atyadhika mahattvapUrNa hai| uparyukta TIkAoM ke atirikta 15 vIM zatAbdI se pahale 'puTTayyA svAmI' ne dravyasaMgraha para kannar3a bhASA meM 3000 zloka pramANa 'bhAvanAsAra' nAmaka TIkA likhI thii| isa TIkA kI bhASA prAcIna kannar3a thI aura yaha tAr3apatra ke 42 pRSThoM meM likhI huI thii| yaha lA0 manohara lAla jI jaina jauharI, pahAr3I dhIra ja, dillI ke caityAlaya meM sthita grantha-bhaMDAra meM aprakAzita saMgrahIta thii| AcArya jayakIrti ke parama ziSya aura elAcArya vidyAnanda jI jaise zramaNoM ke paramaguru, jaina sAhitya ke sRjaka, anuvAdaka, sampAdaka, upasarga vijayI, mahAn pariSaha jayI, kaThora tapasvI, kannar3a, saMskRta, prAkRta, gujarAtI, marAThI, aMgrejI Adi bhASAoM ke adhikArI AcAryarala zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja ko jaba isa bhAvanAsAra (dravyasaMgraha kI kannar3I TIkA) kA darzana huA to hindI-bhASiyoM ke lAbhArtha isakA hindI bhASA meM anuvAda kara jaina vAGgamaya kI samRddhi meM eka bahuta bar3A yogadAna kiyaa| 'bhAvanA sAra' ke hindI-anuvAda kA sarvaprathama prakAzana vIra nirvANa saM0 2482 (sa0 1656) meM huA thaa| 'dravyasaMgraha' ke Aja taka aneka hindI anuvAda dekhane meM Aye lekina bhAvanAsAra kA hindI anuvAda jaisA uttama koTi kA anuvAda dRSTigocara nahIM huaa| isa anuvAda kI nimnAMkita vizeSatAe~ ullekhanIya haiM (1) graMtha kI pahalI gAthA ke pUrva 24 pRSThoM meM grantha-paricaya, sUtra kA lakSaNa, vItarAga kA svarUpa, sacce deva kA svarUpa, maMgala karane kA prayojana aura usake bheda Adi kA vistRta aura prAcIna granthoM ke uddharaNoM se prAmANika vivecana kiyA gayA hai| (2) gAthAoM ke spaSTIkaraNa hetu sarvaprathama gAthA kA anvayArtha usake bAda vistAra yA vivecana Adi ke dvArA gAthAoM ke pratyeka vizeSaNa kA sUkSma aura zAstrasammata vivecana kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka kathana kI puSTi ke lie prAcIna jaina AcAryoM aura jainetara AcAryoM ke dArzanika AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahAgaja abhinandana grantha
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________________ granthoM, purANoM aura koSoM ke uddharaNa sasandarbha diye gaye haiM aura unakI hindI bhASA meM vistRta vyAkhyA karake viSaya ko bhalIbhAMti samajhAne kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| (3) isakI tIsarI vizeSatA hai ki mUla gAthAoM kI hindI vyAkhyA aura vivecana ke alAvA san 1917 meM kumAra devendra prasAda, ArA dvArA prakAzita zaratacandra ghoSAla kI aMgrejI bhASA meM jyoM kI tyoM vyAkhyA de dI gaI hai| isase isa hindI vyAkhyA kI upayogitA aura bhI adhika bar3ha gaI hai, kyoMki aba isa 'bhAvanAsAra' nAmaka dravyasaMgraha kI TIkA kA adhyayana hindI aura ahindI donoM prakAra ke bhASA-bhASI samAna rUpa se kara sakate haiN| sabhI loga dravyasaMgraha ke marma ko samajha sakeM isI lokakalyANa kI bhAvanA se aMgrejI anuvAda aura vyAkhyA kA saMkalana kara diyA gayA pratIta hotA hai| (4) grantha kI gAthAoM kI vyAkhyA karane kI bhASA-zailI itanI sarala, subodha aura spaSTa hai ki sAmAnyajana bhI isakA svAdhyAya kara sakate haiM / isake adhyayana se aisA pratIta nahIM hotA ki yaha hindI anuvAda anya bhASA se ahindI bhASAbhASI dvArA kiyA gayA hai| isase AcAryaratna zrI kA jaina aura jainetara dArzanika granthoM ke gUr3ha adhyetA aura gambhIra, agAdha jJAnI aura mahAna dArzanika honA siddha hotA hai| (5) prastuta bhAvanAsAra kI hindI TIkA zodha-prajJoM ke lie bahuta adhika upayogI hai| isake adhyayana aura manana karane se hI adhyayanakartA jaina darzana kA hI nahIM balki samasta bhAratIya darzana kA acchA jAnakAra ho sakatA hai, kyoMki isameM prasaMgavazAda jaina darzana ke anekAnta, syAdvAda, sarvajJavAda, tattva mImAMsA, AcAra mImAMsA Adi kI vyAkhyA anya bhAratIya darzanoM ke siddhAMtoM ke sAtha niSpakSa dRSTi se tulanAtmaka vivecana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja ne dravyasaMgraha kI kannar3a TIkA 'bhAvanAsAra' kA hindI anuvAda karake yadi eka ora zrI puTTacyA svAmI ke parizrama ko sArthaka banAyA hai to dUsarI ora unake vicAroM kA adhyayana karane vAle samasta icchukajanoM ko saubhAgyazAlI banAyA hai| yadi isa grantha kA hindI anuvAda na hotA to sabhI hiMdI bhASA-bhASI isake lAbha se vaMcita raha jAte / 'dravya saMgraha' kI isase adhika upayogI aura uttama koTi kI TIkA Aja taka dekhane meM nahIM AI hai / AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI kA prastuta hindI anuvAda hara dRSTi se zatazaH abhinandanIya hai| R sRjana-saMkalpa