Bharatiya Kalama Jain Sampurti

Author(s): Ravishankar M Raval
Publisher: Z_Vijay_Vallabh_suri_Smarak_Granth_012060.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/211541/1

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bhAratIya kaLAmAM jaina saMpUrti zrI ravizaMkara rAvaLa Adhunika jaina samAjane jeno pUrepUro khyAla paNa nahi hoya, athavA jenuM mUlyAMkana ke samAdara karavA jeTalI tulanAzakti bahu ja thoDA janone che, evI kalAsamRddhi dharAvavAno yaza AjanA saMzodhako ane kalApravINoe jaina saMpradAyane Apyo che. gujarAtamAM 11mI ane 12mI sadInA rAjayakartAonA zAsanakALamAM jaina saMpradAye je jAhojalAlI ane lokapriyatA bhogavI tevI bIjA prAMtomAM eka kALe astitvamAM haze ema aneka prAcIna jaina sthAnonA saMzodhana parathI pratyakSa thayuM che, paraMtu Aje ghaNAnI gaNanAmAM ke anubhavamAM teno ullekha thato nathI. jeTalAM jaina prAcIna sthaLonI bhALa lAgI che tyAM eka vakhata ati utkRSTa kalA-prakArathI bharelAM zilpa ane sthApatyo hato tenI vizALa pramANamAM pratIti maLe che. sAdhAraNa rIte jaina kalAsamRddhinuM saravaiyuM letAM zatruMjaya, giranAra, Abu, rANakapura ke kuMbhAriyAnAM devasthAno ane jaina kalpasUtro ke kAlaka kathAno ci ane jena ka95satro ke kAlaka kathAnAM citro ane vijJaptipatromAM AjanI samAlocanA paryApta thAya che. paraMtu itihAsa ane purAtattvanI paraMparAmAM jainalAno nirmANayuga baddhadharmanI sAthe ja AraMbhAyo che e nirvivAda karyuM che. hiMdustAnamAM prAcInamAM prAcIna kalAvazeSo guphA maMdiro ke guphAnivAsomAM maLI Ave che. pASANa ke ITacUnAnA bhavanonI kalA siddha banI te pUrvenI saMskRtimAM nagaronAM nivAso ane mahAlayo lAkaDAkAmathI banatAM, paraMtu yogIo ane dharmasaMsthApako vanomAM ane guphAomAM jaI potAnI sAdhanA karatA. AthI lokoe tyAM devono vAsa mAnI te sthAnomAM temanI samAdhio ane avazeSonAM mahAna smArako racyAM; AvAM A smArakomAM te te yuganA dhaniko, rAjAo ane janatAe udAra manathI dAna ApI zreSTha zikSapaMDito pAse te kArya karAvyAnA puSkaLa ulekho maLe che. AthI ghaNIvAra eka ja yuganA judA judA saMpradAyonAM dhArmika sthAnakonuM rUpanirmANa sarakhuM lAge e saMbhavita che ane tethI saMzodhananA prAraMbhakALe ghaNA vidvAnone te sthAne viSe nirNaya karatAM saMbhrama thayelo hato. buddhanAM ghaNAM sthAnako hovAthI badhAM prAcIna sthaLonI padmAsana ke yogamudrAvALI pratimAone bauddha TharAvI hatI. mathurAnAM ane bIjAM sthaLonA keTalAka stupone paNa bauddha TharAvyA hatA. bhAratanA prAcIna dharmasaMpradAyomAM buddha ane jaina saMgho samakAlIna astitva dharAvatA hatA ane tAvika rIte vyavahArapraNAlimAM ghaNI samAnatA dharAvatA hatA. bauddha sAdhuonI jema jaina sAdhuo mATe paNa girinivAso ane bhikSugraho nirmANa thayAM hatAM; pharaka eTalo ja hato ke jainone cayamaMdiro jevA maMDaponI jarUra nahotI. bane saMpradAye bhAratamAM sarvavyApaka evI bhavananirmANanI rUDhi grahaNa karI hatI. te rIte I. pU. bIjA sakA jeTalA prAcIna samayathI jaina girinivAsI orissA, dakSiNa bhArata ane gujarAtamAM giranAra ane bIjuM koI koI sthaLe thayA hatA. temAMnAM badAmI, paTanA (khAnadeza), Ilara vagere sthaLonAM guphAmaMdiro bhAratanI kalAnA eka paMkitanA namUnA che. e pratyekanuM svarUpa AjanAM jaina maMdiro sAthe maLatuM nahi hovAthI ghaNo kALa tene bauddha saMpradAyanAM gaNI levAmAM AvyAM hatAM.

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AcArya vijyavallabhasUri smAraka graMtha orisAmAM AvelI udayagiri ane khaMDagirinI guphAo bhAratanI prAcInatama sthApatyaracanAo gaNAya che. enAM svarUpanuM vaicitrya, zi95pratimAonI lAkSaNikatA ane baMdhAraNanI vizeSatA, ati prAcInatA vagere kAraNone laIne bhAratanA vidvAnoe tenI para ghaNuM zAstrIya udayagiri khaMDagiri saMzodhana karyuM che. A guphAonI prAcInatA siddha karavAno yaza gujarAtanA suprasiddha vidvAna paMDita bhagavAnalAla IndrajIne maLyo che. hAthIguphAnA pravezadvAra upara bhAMgItUTI prAcIna lipino lekha che tenuM svarUpa giranAranA azokanA zilAlekhone maLatuM hoI sae tene baddha guphA dhArI lIdhI hatI paNa teno ukela thatAM temAM prAraMbha jaina sUtrathI karelo che te parathI chevaTano nirNaya thaI gayo. sAtamA saikAmAM cInI pravAsI hyu ena saMge ullekha karelo che ke te kALe kaliMga dezamAM jaina saMpradAyanuM moTuM mathaka hatuM ane uparokta lekha te vAtanI sAbitI Ape che. kaliMganA rAjA khAravele jaina sAdhuo mATe aneka girinivAso karAvyA hatA. teNe AMdhranA sAtakarNI rAjAne sahAya karI hatI. I. pU. 155 varSe maurya saMvata 165mAM tenA rAjyakAlane 23 varSa thayAM hatAM. hAthIguphAno paththara ghasAto jAya che, zilpa bhUMsAtuM jAya che paNa tenA para Avo mahattvano lekha hovAthI te jarUra pradhAnasthAna dharAvatI haze. enI rUpavidhAnanI zailI ane zilpAkRtio acUkapaNe sAMcInA toraNakAro ane bhAratanA vihArone maLatI che eTale I. pU. bIjA hAthIguphA saikAnuM kAma te kare che. tyAM bauddha saMpradAyanA koI avazeSo nathI. gajalakSmI, nAga ke vRkSapUjA, svastika vagere cihno e kALe sarvavyApaka hatAM. keTalIka jUnI guphAomAM jaina tIrthakaro ane pArSadonI utkIrNa pratimAo che. udayagirimAM rANIguphA, hAthIguphA, vyAghaguphA vagere judAM judAM nAmovALI 19 guphAo che. khaMDagirimAM paNa vaividhyavALI 24 jeTalI guphAo che. guphAomAM staMbhovALI parasALa ke osarI ane sAthe aneka khaMDo che. vyAghaguphAno ullekha karavo jarUrano che. eka vizALa khaDakane korIne vAghanA phADelA mono ghATa uparanAM chajAne Apelo che. nIce eka kAra banAvI aMdara savA cha phUTa UMDI, sAta ane nava phUTa pahoLIcoDI oraDI kotarI kADhelI che. A eka taraMgI prakAra che, paNa tethI nakkI thAya che ke e kALe vyAdhaguphA dhAya ghATa virATa rUpamAM utAravAnI kalA siddha thaI hatI. aMDagirinI tattvaguphAnA staMbha (pasa polIsa) IrAnI ghATanA che. aTArIno kaTheDo bhAratanA jevo che. tyAM hAthI, mora, haraNa ane pazupaMkhIo paNa kotarelAM che. pazcima bhAratamAM bIjApuranI dakSiNe badAmInI guphAo jotAM samajAya che ke e kALe brAhmaNa, bauddha, jaina dArzanikonuM sahajIvana keTaluM zakya banyuM hatuM. brAhmaNa guphAono samaya eka lekhamAM zaka varSa - 500 eTale I. sa. 579 Apela che. badAmInI cAra guphAomAM eka jaina badAmInI guphAo guphA che paNa cAre ekabIjAne eTalI maLatI che ke eka ja samayamAM te kotarAI haze ema kahI zakAya; chatAM jaina guphA sauthI pAchaLa thaI lAge. e guphA 16 phuTa UMDI ane 31 phUTa pahoLI che. parasALane beu paDakhe Akatio karelI che. aMdaranI pratimAo guphAnA ja khaDakamAMthI kotarAvelI che. IluranI IkisabhAnA pASANumaMdira sAthe sarakhAvatAM tenAthI eka seko pAchaLa lAge. badAmInI bhIMto para ajaMtA zailInAM citro che. badAmInI najIkamAM aihola gAme badAmIthI moTI jaina guphA brAhmaNa guphAnI pAse che. tenI parasALane rAAra staMbho che.

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bhAratIya kaLAmAM jaina saMpUrti 3 parasALa 32 phUTa lAMbI, 7 phUTa jeTalI pahoLI ane sughaDa evI chata che. A chatano maMDapa 17 phUTa 8 iMca pahoLo ane 15 phUTa UMDe che. tenI AsapAsa nAnAM devaghara kotarelAM che ane sAme mukhya golaka 8 orasa corasa che. temAM zrI mahAvIranI padmAsana pratimA che. tenI AgaLa be kotaraNIbharyA staMbho che. bauddha ke brAhmaNa guphAonI jema praveza AgaLa banne bAju dvArapALo kotarelA che. badAma tAlukAmAM bIjAM paNa jaina maMdiro che. Ilura ajaMTAthI 30 mAIla cheTe auraMgAbAdanI pAse AveluM che. iluranAM zilpamAM pASANumaMdira ane guphAmaMdiranAM jevI mAtra aMtaraMga kotaraNI nathI, paNa teno bahiragano uThAva kharekharAM devamaMdironI jema ghaDI kADhI AkAra pratyakSa karavAmAM Avyo che eTale te pahADamAMthI akhaMDa kotarI kADhelAM Ilara zilpo ja che. jagatanI vizALakAya kalAkRtiomAM tenI gaNanA thAya che. grIka zilpo tenI pAse vAmaNuM banI jAya che. pahADane uparathI bhaoNtala sudhI kotarI maMdirano saMpUrNa ghATa, staMbho ane chevaTa aMdaranA maMDapo ane golakomAM abhuta prabhAvavALI pratimAo svaracha, sapramANa, sughaDa, takSaNakAryathI paripUrNa banAvelI che. lagabhaga cAra mAIlanA gherAvAmAM khaDaka kApIne karelAM 34 jeTalAM khaDakamaMdiromAM pathI 8mA saikA sudhInI zilpakaLAno prastAra che; AmAM moTA bhAganI brAhmaNa ane bAkInI bauddha jaina guphAo che. ahIM pharI ApaNane kalAnI sRSTimAM sarva dharmonuM sAmaMjasya jovA maLe che. IlorI ati kautuka vasyuM jotAM hIyaDuM ati ulamyuM vizvakarmA kIdhuM maMDANa tribhuvana bhAvataNuM sahinANa. (zrI zIlavijayajI) Ilura - IlorA (mejiri) nI prasiddhi kevI hatI te uparanI prazastithI samajAya che. IluranI jaina guphAo sauthI pAchaLa thayelI lAge che. guphAmaMdironI pichAna 10mAMthI navanI mAtra bAhya svarUpathI thaI zake. A darzanabhAga aMdara prakAza jAya evA hetuthI kotarelo hoya che. bAMdhakAmathI karelA makAna karatA tenA cheda moTA rAkhavA ane te sAthe khaDakanA bhAra pramANe TekA, thAMbhalA paNa bhArekhama rahevA devA joIe. AthI aMdaranI racanAne tene anusarI AkAra levo paDe. IluranAM jaina maMdiro I. sa. 850 pahelAMnAM nathI. tenuM darzana svarUpa ane pratimAo dhyAnathI joIe to dakSiNa (draviDa) paddhatie kAma thayeluM lAge che. brAhmaNa guphA kelAsa paNa e ja zailInI che. banne vacce eTaluM sAmya che ke tenA racanAkAli vacce bahu aMtara nahi hoya. inkasabhA ane kailAsanAtha bane maMdiro be mALanAM che ane aMdara nAnA khaMDo che. jaina maMdiramAM gomatezvara ane pArzvanAthanI pratimAo che te parathI te digaMbara jaina saMpradAyanAM che ema nirNaya karI zakAya. badAmImAM eka lekha che, te kannaDa bhASAmAM che, tethI mAnI zakAya ke zipIo IndrasabhA dakSiNanA hatA ane teo draviDI ghATa laI AvyA. tyAM eka kudaratI mApano hAthI che. sAmI bAju 31 phUTa 6 Icano eka ja zi95no staMbha hato te so varSa pahelAM paDI gayo hato. A guphAonA uparanA bhAgamAM pArzvanAthanI virATa pratimA kotarelI che. A pratimA para kotarela akSaro parathI lAge che ke te I. sa. 1235nI AsapAsa thaI haze. A badhAM zilpo cAlukya ane rASTrakUTa rAjyonI sImA upara hovAthI banne rAjyonI zailIono temAM zaMbhumeLo thayo jaNAya che. ahIM uttara bhAratamAM vikasI rahelAM devamaMdironI vizALatA ane

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AcArya vijayavallabhasUri smAraka graMtha zikhararacanAone avakAza nathI chatAM kalpanA ane rUpanirmANanI zakti ajabanI bhabhaka tyAM prasarAvI rahI che. pahelA cAlukya samayano chello rAjA kIrtivamAM bIjo I. sa. 746mAM rAjyapade Avyo, paNa I. sa. 757mAM mAlyakheDanA rASTrakUTa daMtidurge tenuM rAjya paDAvI lIdhuM te pachI, jainoe, iluramAM draviDI zailInAM maMdiro karAvyAM. kailAsa ane bIjAM maMdiro, rASTrakUTo pote draviDo hatA eTale, svAbhAvika rIte brAhmaNa zailInAM thayAM. emanI ANu narmadAnA kAMThA sudhI pahoMcI hatI. A badhuM zvetAM bauddo karatAM jaina saMpradAyane brAhmaNo sAthe ThIka phAvyuM jaNAya che. 4 guphAzilpamAM agatyanuM gaNIe evuM eka pASANamaMdira, prAcInatA ane kalApUrNatAbharyuM ullekhavA jevuM, dakSiNamAM tInIvelI prAMtamAM zrIvIlIputturathI 27 mAIla dUra, kanyAkumArIthI 75 mAIla uttare 'kAlugumalAI " nAmanA sthaLe mahAbalIpurama jevuM ja khaDakamAM kotareluM maMdira che. e pUrNa thavA pAmyuM ja nathI. eno dAnavIra mRtyu pAmatAM kAma baMdha paDyuM na hota to eno keTalo vistAra thaI zakata te kahevAtuM nathI. te TekarInI bIjI tarapha tIrthaMkaronI pratimAo che ne tyAM jainonI vasati che. A maMdira koI e pAchaLathI pUrNa karAvyuM nahi eTale tenA mULa dAtAnI kIrti amara rahI che. dakSiNanAM jaina guphAmaMdironI kalAmAM sitannavAsala (siddhaLavAsa) athavA siddhano vAsa te sthApatya zobhA uparAMta citrakalAnI prAcIna paripATInA eka ananya sthAna tarIke jANItuM thayeluM che. pudukoTAthI nava mAilane aMtare A guphAmaMDapa Avela che. tyAM I. pU. trIjI sitannavAsala sadIno brAhmI lekha che temAM sUcana che ke jaina munionA nivAsa mATe tenuM nirmANa thayuM hatuM. tyAM sAta samAdhizilAo che. guphAno aMtaraMga vistAra 100 phUTa lAMbo ane 50 phUTa pahoLo che. teno racanAprakAra I. sa. bIjI sadIthI AraMbhI 10mI sadI sudhI pahoMcyo che. sAdhuone araNyavAsa vadhu pasaMda hato eTale vakhatovakhata tyAM bhinna bhinna prakAranuM kotarakAma ane rUparacanA thayAM karyAM che. 10mI sadImAM pallavarAjA mahendravarmAM kalAno mahAna AzrayadAtA hato. teNe tyAM citro karAvyAM che temAM suzobhita kamaLasarovaro tema ja apsarAo ane keTalAka jaina prasaMgo che, citromAM ajaMtAnA pAchalA samayanI saMpUrNa asara che. bhIMto para citro karavAnI prathAnuM saMrakSaNa Aja sudhI jaina saMpradAye nabhAvyuM che; mAtra tenI rucikakSA ane parIkSaNamAM bhraSTatA AvelI jaNAya che. innuranAM maMdironAM citrono saMbaMdha gujarAtanI 10mI-11mI sadInI citrakalA sAthe spaSTa; thayo che. tenuM svarUpa kalpasUtronAM graMthastha citromAM UtarI AvyuM che. dakSiNa bhAratamAM jaina--prabhAvita zilpakalA badAmI, aihola ke Innura yA sitannavAsalathI samApta thatI nathI. jainoe uttara bhAratamAMthI pahelA saikAmAM dakSiNa bhAratamAM praveza karyo tyArathI ghaNI caDatIpaDatI thaI chatAM 10mA saikA sudhI IlluranAM nirmANo virATa pratimAo karyAM. te uparAMta uttara bhAratamAM maLe nahi evuM virATa pratimAnirmANa jaina kalpanAe dakSiNa bhAratane ApyuM che. evI traNa pratimAo zramaNakhelagula, kArkala ane pannuramAM che. zramaNa elagulanI pratimA suprasiddha che. kevaLa jJAna prApta thayuM che evA gomatezvaranI pratimA maisura rAjyamAM indragirinI 400 phUTa UMcI khaDaka TekarI para che. tapasvInI niHsaMgatA darzAvatI 58 phUTanI e nagna pratimA jarA paNa kSobharahita khAlocita saralatAbharI mudrA darzAvavAmAM zilpakArane apratima saphaLatA maLI che. kAryasiddhino bIjo camatkAra to khaDakanA mathALethI 58 phUTa sudhInuM vadhArAnuM khaDakadaLa

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bhAratIya kaLAmAM jaina saMpUrti kApI kADhayuM che te che. AvuM pracaMDa pUtaLuM jamIna parathI eTalI UMcAIe laI javAnuM azakya kArya ka95nAno avarodha kare, paraMtu uparathI ja pratimAo korI kADhavAnI yojanA bhAratIya zipInI apUrva maulikatA che. AvuM mUtinirmANa misara vinA anya sthaLe nathI thayuM. bIjI pratimA kaDadezamAM kArakalamAM che. tenI UMcAI 41 phUTa 5 iMca che. vajanamAM lagabhaga 80 Tana che. e pratimA taiyAra karyA pachI tenA sthAne mukAI che. A pratimA I. sa. 1432nA vakhatanI che. trIjI para ke venara khAte che. tenI UMcAI 35 phUTa che. te I. sa. 1604mAM banelI che. A traNe pratimAo digaMbara jaina saMpradAyanI che. traNe UbhelI kAryotsarga svarUpanI nagna che. paga AgaLathI vanavelIo zarIra para caDI gayelI che. uttara bhAratamAM gomatezvaranI pratimA jovAmAM AvatI nathI, paraMtu dakSiNa bhAratanI zilpakalAe A pAtra mATe kalAnI carama zaktio kAme lagADI che. A uparAMta dakSiNa bhAratanAM maMdironI kalAmAM dhAbAnI upara caDatara mALonI racanA paNa eka viziSTa prakAranI che. keTalAMkanAM chappara nepALanAM maMdirone maLatAM che, paNa bIjI navAI e che ke uttara bhAratamAM azokanA vakhatamAM smAraka-stabho UbhA karavAnI prathAne pachIthI lopa thayo hato te prathA dakSiNanAM jaina maMdiromAM bahu suMdara prakAre pAMgarI che. maMdirathI alaga maMdiranA cokamAM svataMtra UbhelA staMbhanI zobhA ane racanAno prakAra ApaNe IlaranA kailAsamaMdiramAM joyo che. Ama svataMtra staMbha khaDo karavAnI rIto prAcIna kALamAM nAIla pradezamAM hatI. nAIla pradezanA staMbho eka ja zilAmAMthI ghaDI kADhela corasa dhATanA ane Toca parathI pirAmiDa jevI aNIvALA hatA, paraMtu dakSiNanA staMbho to zi95nAM alaMkArakAvyo jevA goLa tema ja pAsAdAra aneka kaMdorAvALA eka ekathI judA ramya vyaktitvavALA che. dakSiNa bhAratane uttara bhArata sAthe sAMkaLavAmAM mahAkosalanI jaina kalA-paripATInuM mahattva che. rAmagirinI TekarI, jyAM meghadUtano yakSa vasyo hato, tyAMnA guphAgrahomAM jaina prasaMgo maLI AvyA che. guphAcitrothI AraMbha thayelo janakalAno vihAra AThamI sadI pUrI thatAM aMdhakAramAM mahukosala lupta thayo. kalacerI rAjavaMzanA narezo masahiSNu hatA. teo ziva hovA chatAM jainone saMpUrNa rakSaNa ane Azraya ApatA. kalacurI zaMkaragaNa jainadharmAnusArI hato. mahAkosalanI rAjadhAnI tripuri (tevara) hatI. e rAjakuLane dakSiNanA rASTro sAthe sagAsaMbaMdha hato. A rASTrakUTonI sabhAmAM jaina vidvAno rahetA. mahAkavi puSpadaMta temano rAjakavi hato. jaina dharmAnusAra amoghavarSe jaina muni padano aMgikAra karyo hato. mahAkosalanA jaina kalAbhavane prasiddhi ApavAnuM zreya munizrI kAntavijyajIne ApI zakAya. e kAryathI emano mAtra jaina samAja upara ja nahi, paNa samagra bhAratavarSanA saMskArI samAja upara upakAra thayo che. gupta samayanI aneka jaina pratimAo, devIo, pratihArIo ane sthApatya avazeSonI vistAravaMtI tapasIla ane vigatapUrNa varNana temaNe "vaSNujhA vaibhava' nAmanA pustakamAM ApeluM che. te sAthe je citramudrAo ApI che te chApakalAnI dRSTie saMpUrNa nathI paraMtu asala vastumAM keTaluM sandaryanirUpaNa ane prabhAva haze teno khyAla Ape che. A pratyeka avazeSanA suMdara svaccha phoTogrApho navesarathI taiyAra karAvI moTI pleTo yA citrasaMpuTo rUpe prajA AgaLa mukAya to jaina saMskRtino prakAza aneka janone AhlAdaka banaze.

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AcArya vijayavallabhasUri smAraka graMtha buddha ane mahAvIrano jIvanakAla eka ja samayamAM vItyo hato ane bhAratamAM banne saMpradAyono sarakho vikAsa thayo hato. jemAM tyAga ane tapanI bhAvanAnuM prAdhAnya hatuM chatAM bauddha dharma AraMbhamAM ghaNAM vizALa rAjayono Azraya pAmyo. pUrva bhAratamAM pATalIputrano te uttara bhAratamAM rAjyadharma thayo tyArathI tenuM vizvamAM bahumAna thayuM ane tenAM smArakasthAne jainakalAno prastAra aneka maLI AvyAM che, paraMtu te sAthe jaina dharmanA saMsthApaka zrI mahAvIra ane temanA anuyAyIoe pazcima bhAratamAM je prasAra karyo te ghaNuM mauna paNa vyApaka hato. bauddha dharma AraMbhamAM rAjayAzraya pAmyo ane Ama janatAne bhAvI gayo. AthI tenA smArakone vizALa prastAra maLyo. jaina saMpradAya khetI ane yuddhanA kSetrothI alipta rahevAno Agraha sevato hato eTale vepAra ane vyavahAranA kSetramAM saMkaLAyelI prajAno Adara pAmyo. AthI bhAratamAM jyAM jyAM vepAra ane vahIvaTanAM moTAM mathako hatAM tyAM tenA AzrayadAtAoe stupo, bhikSugraho ane maMdironuM nirmANa karyuM che. dakSiNa bhAratamAM paNa ApaNe joyuM ke jyAM surakSA ane sahiSNutA joyAM tyAM jaina prajAe vasavATa karela che ane dharmasmArako pAchaLa puSkaLa dAno ApyAM che. jaina saMpradAyanuM A lakSaNa uttara bhAratanA prAcIna kALanA ItihAsamAM suspaSTa thAya che. bhAratanAM zilpano itihAsa I. pU. 3000 varSe siMdhanA mohanajo-daronAM prAcIna avazeSothI prApta thAya che. e kAle prANIonAM mATImAM upasAvelAM citro ane cUnA tema ja dhAtunI mAnavaAkRtio jotAM lAge ke mAnavasamAjamAM kalAnAM AkarSaka ane sAMketika svarUpono pracAra thaI cUkyo hato. e samayanI mudrAomAM ya dhyAnastha yogIonI AkRtio paNa maLI che, paraMtu samrATa azoka mauryanA samayanI je zilpakRtio maLI che tenI sAthe hajAro varSano khAlI gALo sAMdhanArA namUnA maLyA nathI. azokanA samayamAM pUrva bhAratamAM yakSo ane yakSIonI saheja mAnavamApathI moTI ane kadAvara pASANumati maLI che paNa tenAM maMdira viSe koI khyAla bAMdhI zakAto nathI. bhUminA mahAna puruSo ke netAonA smArakarUpe temanA bhamAvazeSo upara goLAkAra moTA stupa athavA Topa (UMdhA TopalA ghATanA) racAtA ane te para vRkSa ke chatranI chAyA thatI. A rivAja te paNa prAcIna haze. koI mRta dehane dharatImAM daphanAvI upara mATIno TIMbo karI upara vRkSa ke vRkSanI DALI tenI chAyA mATe mukAtI. te pachI bhinna dezomAM bALavA ke daphana karavAnA bheda thayA, eTale kabaro ane staponAM rUpo judAM thayAM. tRpanI AkRtimAM avazeSo mukAya che te bhAgane caya kahe che. citya zabda citA parathI Upajayo che; eTale prAcInakALathI cityano rivAja cAlato ane te pramANe buddhanA avazeSo nirvANa pachI caityarUpa pAmyA ane bauddha sthAnomAM jyAM citya hoya te caityamaMdira ane pUjAnI pratimA ane bhikSAgRha hoya tene vihAra evAM nAmo maLyAM. AvAM caityo, hupo ane bhikSugraho bauddha, jaina temaja veda saMpradAyomAM hatAM paNa buddhanA stupono vistAra thavAthI pahelAM badhA ja stupo tene nAme caDAvI detA. pAchaLanA saMzodhana ane ukIrNa lekhothI siddha thayuM che ke prAcIna stupo tema ja guphAgRha nirmANa karavAmAM jaina saMpradAyano hisso ghaNo moTo ane vyApaka hato. takSazilAmAM, mathurAmAM, avadhamAM, mahAkAsalamAM evAM jaina sthAno maLI AvyAM che jenI zilpamadrAo, utkIrNa lekho, pratimAo, alaMkAro tatkAla prajAnI saMskRta ane zilpavidyAnA ati ucca

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bhAratIya kaLAmAM jaina saMpati prakAranA namUnArUpa che. AmAMnA ghaNAkharA khaMDita athavA vizIrNa sthitimAM upekSita paDyA che chatAM mauryakALathI I. sa. 1980 sudhInI ekasarakhI aMkoDA pUratI anekavidha zi95sAmagrI ekatrita thaI che paNa bauddha ke brAhmaNa samArako jeTalI prasiddhi pAmI nathI. prAcIna takSazilAmAM je stupa maLI Avyo tenA zilpamAM bASTrIyana, IrAnI, bebIloniyana asarovALI AkRtio che. paraMtu mathurAnI kaMkAlI TekarImAMthI je apAra zi95khaMDo maLyA che temAMthI jaina saMpradAyanI e nagarImAM kevI jAhojalAlI haze te samajAya che. ghaNA mAne che ke guphA maMdiro parathI maMdironuM nirmANa thayuM che, paraMtu maMdironAM garbhagRhanI racanA jotAM teno saMbaMdha yajJavedI sAthe hoya ema lAge che. AvI vedikAo racavAnI prathA vaidika saMpradAya bahAranA paNa ravIkAratA hatA. jyArathI stupanI pUjA baMdha thaI gaI ane pratimApUjana zarU thayuM tyArathI jenoe paNu maMdironI racanA para dhyAna ApyuM hatuM. paNa te kALe te bahu moTA pramANamAM baMdhAyAM nahi hoya. maMdiranAM vAstuzAstramAM varNavelA zAMtika, pauSTika, nApada evAM nAmo che; nAgara ke draviDa evA bhedo che paNa sAMpradAyika nAma nathI. mathurAnagarI je samaye samRddhipUrNa hatI te vakhate tyAM aneka jaina dhanADhyo vasatA. temanA dAnathI thayelAM maMdironI je zi9pasAmagrI kaMkAlI TekarImAMthI maLI AvI che temAM jena pratIkothI bharI takSaNapracuratA ane pratimAo mathurAnA myujhIyamamAM che te te kAlanI kalAnI carama sImAM rajU kare che. mathurAnA zaka rAjAo haviSka ane kaniSkanA saMvatsaravALI aneka jInamutio, stupanI vaMDIonA kotarelA paththaro, sAMcI ane bhAratanA sAthamAM mUkI zakAya evAM che. eka lekha vi. saM. 78nA lekhavALo che te devanirmita eTale tenA nirmANanA samayanI koIne khabara nathI evo che. mathurAno jaina samAja pArathI dhanADhya hato, eTale temanAM zilpo upara noMdha mUkavAnI ghaNI cIvaTa batAvI che. avadhakosala ane uttara bhAratane stupo I. pU. 50 varSa pahelAMnA Thare che. jaina zilpAvazeSo uttara bhAratamAM brAhmIlipino vikAsa, vyAkaraNa, prAkRta bhASAono udaya tema ja rAjakIya ane sAmAjika paristhiti ane itihAsa ane jaina dharmanA pUjAkAMDa para prakAza pADe che. e zilponuM mUlyAMkana karavA pratyakSa paricaya thAya athavA uttama phoTogrAphI jovA maLe evuM thavuM joIe. alaMkAro temaja velonI suspaSTa kotaraNI bhAratIya kalAmAM grIka IrAnI AsIriyana tema ja bebIlonanI asara keTalI UtarI hatI tenAM dRSTAMto temAM maLe che. khAsa karI pAMkhovALA siMho, dariyAI prANIo tema ja velabuTImAM grIka prakAro bhAratanA saMskAravyavahAranA udAharaNo che, chatAM vastu saMpUrNa bhAratIya che. brAhmaNa, bauddha, jaina sarva koI tatkAlIna dezavyApI kalAsvarUpono potAnA saMpradAya mATe vinA saMkoca upayoga karatA. badhAnAM pratIkorUDha paddhatio-eka ja zilpabhaMDAramAMthI maLI rahetAM. vRkSa, kaTheDA cakro, zaNagAro badhe sarakhAM hatAM. jaina dharmanA I.pU. nA purAtana ane Aja sudhInA zi95nI pAkI sAkSI ApatA bhUtakALanA mahattvanA aMkoDA tyAM maLI rahe che. jaina saMpradAyamAM prAcIna vibhAgo "gaNa, kula, zAkhA" vagere pracalita hatA e zilpa paranA lekhothI nakkI thayuM che. jaina sAdhvIo samAjamAM UMco mobho dharAvatI hatI e paNa jANavA maLe che. mathurAnAM zilpomAM I. pU. basothI vi. saM. 1086 sudhInI zilpasRSTi jovA maLe che,

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AcArya vijyavallabhasUri smAraka graMtha uttara bhAratamAM gupta samayamAM je girimaMdiro hatAM tenuM astitva adyApi jaLavAyuM che, paraMtu svataMtra bAMdhaNInAM devamaMdironAM svarUpo virala che. je che te bahu ja nAnA kadanAM che. cUno ke koI baMdha vagara paththaranI zilAo khaDakIne upADavAmAM AvatAM A maMdiromAMnAM ghaNAM gupta samayanI kalA dakSiNanA mahAbalIpuram ke aiholanA parivAra hoya evuM lAge. maLI AvatI zilAonI laMbAI para tenA vistArano AdhAra raheto. uttara bhAratamAM gvAliyaranuM tailapa maMdira, saurASTramAM gopa, kadavAra, kalasAra vagere sthaLa enAM sAkSIrUpa che. - tAjetaramAM gujarAtamAMthI maLelAM gupta samayanAM zilpo upara vaDodarAnA purAtatvavid zrI umAkAnta zAhe navIna ja prakAza pADyo che. temaNe aMkoTAmAMthI zrI RSabhadevajInI 32.5 IMcanI suMdara dhAtumatimAM prApta karI myujhIyamane ApI che. jenazilpanA kalaza jevI A pratimAthI gujarAta samRddha banyuM che. kAlAnukrame AThamA saikAmAM garbhamaMdira uparanA zikharomAM vikAsa ane uThAvadAra svarUpo thayAM ne temAMthI orissAnAM rathAkAranAM zikharono prAraMbha thayo. devatAnI pratimAnA bahiraMga jevAM e maMdiro gaganagAmI svarUpe vadhavA lAgyAM. dakSiNamAM e rIte gopurothI maMdirano vaibhava vadhyo. uttara bhAratamAM orissAthI pracAra pAmelI zilI AryAvarta athavA madhya dezanI zailI tarIke pracAra pAmI, jenA avazeSo gujarAta, saurASTra, kacchamAM ghaNe ThekANe maLe che. bhuvanezvara ane purInAM maMdiro jevAM zikharonA ghATano prAraMbhika prakAra sairASTranuM rANaka maMdira ane ghamalImAM eka devamaMdiramAM jaNAya che. kacchamAM kerA, koTAI vagere maMdiro navamA saikAnA namUnA che. paNa pachIthI gujarAta, rAjasthAna ane buMdelakhaMDanA zilpIoe raMgamaMDapa ane tenI jALIone vimAna svarUpa ApI je nAvInya ane bhavyatA UpajAvI che tenI AgaLa orissAnAM maMdiro pahADa jevAM totiMga lAge che. rAjasthAna ane gujarAtamAM dasamI sadImAM rAjapUta rAjayo thayAM. teonAM devamaMdiro, rAjyamahelo, jalAzayo, killAo bAMdhavAnI eka apUrva harIphAI lAgI hoya ema dekhAya che. mULarAja solaMkIe gujarAtamAM ddha mahAlayanuM bAramALanuM maMdira zarU karyuM te vakhate sthApatyamAM guphAmaMdiramAM bhArekhama staMbho ane kotarakAmanI praNAli jIvatI haze. caulukyo kadAca dakSiNanA sthapatio ke rUpaniyojanA lAvyA haze evuM e samayanA dADhI, coTalAvALA sainiko ane rAjavIonI mUrtio parathI dhArI zakAya. paraMtu maMdirane UMcuM levuM, gaganacuMbI zikhara karavuM e vicAra to uttara bhAratano ja hato. navAM rAjyonI sthApanA sAthe zAMtibharyA dhaMdhA karanArI jaina prajAe nagaronI jAhojalAlImAM sAro bhAga bhajavyo haze ane upayogI samAja tarIke paNa Adara pAmyA haze. sUrya, ziva ke viSNunA upAsaka rAjAothI temane kadI upadrava thayo jANavAmAM nathI. teo vastusaMcaya karavAmAM ane dravyasaMcaya karavAmAM pravINa hoI anekavAra rAjyakartAone Apatti vakhate sahAyakAraka banyA hatA e paNuM vanarAja cAvaDAnA samayathI suvidita che. gujarAtanAM navAM pATanagaro - zahero vasyAM tyAre temAM AgaLa paDIne bAMdhakAmo karanAra jaina samAje hatA. temanI vyApArakuzaLatA ane arthavyavasthAnA anubhave temAMnA keTalAka krame krame gujarAtanA rAjapu, mutsadIo ane dhanADhya vepArIo thayA. anya saMpradAyonI dhArmika saMsthAo ane maMdiro rAjyAzrayathI sarjAyelAM ane nabhelAM te rAjyAzraya jatAM khaMDita thayAM tathA upekSA pAmyAM. temanA nirvAha ke marAmata mATe kharca karanAra koI rahyuM nahi, jyAre jainadharmanA zrImaMto ane dAnavIroe devakAryamAM potAnI saMpatti ApI cirakALano yaza prApta karyo che.

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bhAratIya kaLAmAM jaina saMpati 11mI sadInA paradezI humalAthI uttara bhArata pAdAkrAnta thaI gayo hato, rAjayakuLa jaDamULathI ukhaDI gayAM hatAM ane prajAnA moTA samudAyo dakSiNa tarapha bhAgI chUTyA hatA. te vakhate dharmaSathI paNa paradezI sainyoe devamaMdiro, pratimAo ane graMthono sarvanAza karavAno nirdhAra karyo hato. AvA vikaTa samayamAM kalA kArIgarI para nabhatA samAjano to zo Azaro ? paNa gajhanInAM dhADAM pAchAM vaLyAM ke turata ja Abu, zatraya ane giranAra upara zilpIonAM TAMkaNAnAM tAla paDavA lAgyA ane jainadharmanA devamaMdiro pahelAMnI jema AratI pUjAthI gAjI rahyAM. jaina saMpradAyanuM eka vizeSa sujJa kArya e che ke khaMDita thayela maMdira ke pratimAnI punaH pratiSThA karI tene upayogamAM laI zakAya che. AthI pUrvajoe karelAM kIrtikAryo sacavAI rahe che ane prajAnA kalAsaMskArane pUrti Ape che. A rIte zatruMjaya, Abu, giranAra, rANakapura vagere jene prajAnA ja nahi paNa sakala bhAratavarSanA kIrtidhvajasamAM mojUda che. AbunuM sauthI jUnuM maMdira saM. 1088mAM bhoLA bhImadevanA mahAmaMtrI vimaLazAhe baMdhAvyuM hatuM ane bIjAM maMdiro I. sa. 1230nA arasAmAM vAghelAnA maMtrIo vastupALa tathA tejapALe baMdhAvyAM, A maMdiranuM bAMdhakAma dhoLA ArasathI kareluM che. AsapAsa vIsa ke Abu delavADAnAM maMdiro trIsa mAIla para ArasanI koI khANa nathI. eTale ghaNe dUrathI ATalo paththara upara parvata caDAvavAnuM kAma karavAmAM apAra kharca ane zrama lAgyAM haze. paNa jaina koma dharmanAM kAryamAM kharca ke samayano hisAba rAkhe nahi evI prathA e vakhate haze. ane tethI ja zilpa kalAdharoe tenA nirmANamAM je naipuNya tathA navIna prakAronI ajaba sRSTi adabhuta dhIraja ane jhINavaTathI AkArabaddha karI che te jagatanA sarva pravAsIone ane kalAkArone vismayamugdha karI de che. A maMdironI kalAmAM gujarAtanA zipIoe AThamI sadInA khajurAhonA maMdiro karatAM je vizeSatA karI che te tenA raMgamaMDapanI racanA che. te pahelAMnA raMgamaMDaponI chata cAre pAsanI dIvAlo para TakAvavAmAM AvatI ane tenI upara nAnuM meru ghATanuM zikhara thatuM. maMDapane kadI kadI aMdarathI be bAju jALiyAM athavA vimAnaghATanA gavAkSo ke jharUkhA mUkavAmAM AvatAM. paraMtu gujarAtanA zilpIoe ATha thAMbhalA para goLAkAre lAMbI zilAo goThavI uparathI aThAMsa mArI dhIre dhIre nAnAM thatAM goLa vartulono upara maLI jato ghummaTa racyo. temAM ya jagatane apAra Azcarya karAvatuM nakazIdAra ArasanuM jhummara jene madhucchatra kahe che te gujarAtanA zilpIonuM nAvInya che. maMdiranI racanAmAM dvAramaMDapa, zRMgAracokI, nayacokI, gUDhamaMDapa, garbhagRha, toraNa zikhara, maMgaLa caitya vagere vibhAgovALo zilpaviratAra che. raMgamaMDapanA ratabho para vividha vAgho sahita UbhI rAkhelI asarAo, vidyAdharIo, nartikAo, staMbho para saMmosara tathA bhIMto ane chato para korelAM RSabhadevanA jIvanaprasaMgo, nAgaprabaMdha. aneka zarIra chatAM eka mastakavALuM mAnavaprabaMdha e badhuM zilpakalAno vyApaka samAdara batAve che. jaina saMpradAyamAM jANe e kALe evI mAnyatA haze ke maMdiramAM koI ThekANe sapATa pradeza bhIMta ke chatamAM khAlI rakhAya nahi. enAM dRSTAMta tarIke derANI-jeThANIno gokha batAvavAmAM Ave che. kiMvadatI pramANe kArIgarone AgaLa kAma karI zake mATe vadhu vadhu kotarI dhULa lAve tenI bhArobhAra rUpuM ke nANuM maLatuM, enuM rahasya eTaluM ja ke kalAkArIgIrI mATe devamaMdiramAM dravyano saMkoca lezabhAra nahoto thato. sAmAnya janane to e devasRSTimAM gayAno AnaMda thAya ane sarakArIne kalAnI samAdhi lAge evAM e kAryo niHzaMka banyAM che.

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AcArya vijyavallabhasUri smAraka graMtha AbunI prazasti tenA zilpavaibhava mATe thAya che to mAravADanA rANakapuranA maMdiramAM 420 staMbhonI racanA, sumeLa ane maMdiranI sthApatya prabhAva bhAratanAM gaNanApAtra sthAnomAM pada apAve che. maMdirane unnata svarUpa ApavAnI yojanA, be mALathI bhavyatA vadhAravA meghanAda maMDapa nAmano rANakapura prakAra bhAratIya sthApatya racanAmAM sthapatinI buddhino yazodhvaja che. aneka staMbho dvArA AgaLanA zi9pIoe raMgamaMDapamAM cAre dizAonAM havAprakAza khecyAM te ja pramANe meghanAda maMDapa uparanA mALanA staMbhomAMthI havAprakAza sAthe maMDapanI UMcAI vadhArI ApI. pavitra, svaccha ane janasaMparkathI alaga zAMta vAtAvaraNa meLavavA mATe girinivAsanuM mAhAsya bhAratamAM purANaparicita che. paNa teno zreSThapaNe upayoga karavAmAM jaina saMpradAye zatruMjayanAM zikhara upara maMdironI ja nagarI karIne avadhi karI batAvI che. zatrujya, giranAra saurASTramAM pAlItANA AgaLa bhAgye ja 1000 phUTa UMcI TekarI upara ane tAraMgA mAnavInI sAdhanAe je ajaba dRzya racyuM che teno joTo anya nathI. puNyaprApti mATe maMdira baMdhAvavA jevuM koI kArya nathI evI daDha AsthA jainomAM hovAthI lagabhaga 10mAMnAM 9 maMdiro koI eka ja gRhasthanA dAnathI banyAM che. svAbhAvika rIte dAnakartA potAnuM nAma amara rahe mATe maMdiranA zobhA-zaNagAra-nakazI pAchaLa thAya eTaluM kharca kare che. A maMdirono kharekharo racanAkALa nizcita nathI. koI to jarUra 11mA saikAnuM haze paraMtu 14mA - 15mAM saikAmAM videzI humalAothI khaMDita thayelAM teno jIrNoddhAra karatAM pahelAMnA jevI zuddhi rahI nathI. ghaNe ThekANe marAmatane kAraNe plAsTaranA lepaDA nIce ghaNuM adazya thayuM che. paNa A maMdiramAM 14thI 18mA saikA sudhInA aneka prakAranA sthApatya nirmANanA namUnA maLI Ave che. pAchaLanA kALamAM pratimAo ane citronuM rUpakAma tathA nakazInA uThAva nabaLAM jaNAya che. paNa temAM paraMparA vizadhu rahI che, eTale punara dvAranA abhyAsI mATe tyAM ghaNuM sAdhana che. je koI saMzodhaka maMDaLa tenA nakazA, noMdha ane purANukyA saMpUrNa rIte citro sAthe taiyAra karI zake to sthApatyanuM eka aneruM pustaka thAya. giranAra ane tAraMgAnAM maMdironI bhUtaLaracanA vicakSaNa chatAM buddhiyukta racanAo che. uparanA samuddhAra kAryamAM ajJAna zilpIoe temanA pUrvajonI kIrti para astara mAryo che. banAsakAMThAmAM ane kacchamAM je jinamaMdiro che tenuM asala svarUpa to kyAMya rahyuM paNa jINoddhArane nAme Arasa ane TAIsinI vakhAro athavA kAcanA kaTherA banI gayA che. muMdrA AgaLanuM bhadrezvaranuM prAcIna prasiddha maMdira jagaDuzAhe baMdhAveluM tenI sarva bhIMto cUnAnA astarathI sanyAsInA muMDAnI jema vItarAga banI gaI che, ane dvAranI kamAno para ramakaDAM jevI mamo ane aMgrejI pUtaLAMnA behUdA DhagalA che, A AropanI sAme dhanyAspada apavAda rUpe rANakapura ane AbunuM jIrNoddhAra kAma gaNI zakAya. enuM udAharaNa sarvatra svIkAra pAme to ja AgalAM pAponuM prAyazcitta thAya. maMdironA dAnavIro ane zilpIo jyAM sudhI saMskAra ane vidyAnA upAsako hatA tyAM sudhI jaina saMpradAye karAvelAM maMdiro, pratimA ane alaMkAro ane anya padArtho jevA ke dIparataMbho, dhAtupratimAo. dIvIo vageremAM eka ramya jhalaka sacavAtI rahI hatI paNa 19mI sadI pachI briTiza varcasva vadhatAM e saMskAro lupta thayA ane Aje upara kahyA tevA hAla ghaNe ThekANe thayA che.

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bhAratIya kaLAmAM jaina saMpati marAmata ane raMgakAma pAchaLa tamAma maMdirono kharca kula varSe aMza-paMcAzI lAkha rUpiyA thavA jAya che ema eka saMbhAvita vyaktie kahyuM hatuM. tema hoya to jaina koma A kArya mATe pUrNa abhyAsI zAstra kuzaLa kalAkAra ne nirIkSako nImIne pharI pUjya sthAnonI pratiSThAnuM rakSaNa karI zake che. raMga ane citranI hakIkata para AvatAM maMdiromAM thatuM citrakAma ane raMgakAma AjakAlanA susaMskArI jananI rucine saMtoSe evuM thatuM nathI. kAraNa ke temAM koI prakAre jaina kalAnI prAcIna ziSTatA ke paripATIno saMbhAsa ke asara nathI. Adhunika bajAru ramakaDAM jevA raMgarAga ane bheMkAro saMgItamAMthI komanI prajAne kayA saMskAra ane sadaguNonI prApti thaze e mAnasazAstrano prazna bane che. paNa gujarAtane gaurava levA jevI hakIkata e che ke bhAratavarSamAM ajaMtA pachI 11mI sadIthI apabhraMza thayelI kalAnuM eka moTuM AzrayasthAna gujarAta ane bhAravADa hatuM. moTe bhAge 13mIthI 16mI sadInA kalpasUtro ane kAlaka kathAnAM hastagraMthomAM ja e kalAnAM avazeSo rakSAyelAM maLyAM hatAM, ane tethI ja vidvAno bhAratIya kalAnA ItihAsanI khUTatI kaDIo meLavI zakyA che. sane 1910mAM AraMbhAyela saMzodhana pravRttimAMthI Aje e phalita thayuM che ke e kalA rAjasthAna, nepALa, baMgALa ane dakSiNa sudhI vistarI hatI paNa moTuM sarovara sukAI jatAM chevaTanuM jaLa jema eka moTA khADAmAM sacavAI rahe tema gujarAtanA dhanADhya jaina samAje e kalAne graMthabhaMDAromAM sAcavI rAkhI hatI ane dharma saMbaMdhathI Uta e prakAranI paraMparA ane rUDhinuM rakSaNa karyuM hatuM. ane have te navA yuganA kalAkAronA tema ja vidvAnonA abhyAsamAM eka agatyanuM prakaraNa banI cUkI che. enA pracAra ane parizIlana mATe suMdara prakAzano karavAno yaza amadAvAdanA eka taNuM gRhastha zrI sArAbhAInavAbane ApIzuM. graMthastha kalAnA namUnA uparAMta emaNe AThamI sadInI jina dhAtu pratimAonuM saMzodhana ane saMgraha karI dakSiNa bhAratanI dhAtu pratimAonI barobarI kare evo eka kalA pradeza prakAzamAM Apyo che. kAI zi5nA uttamottama namUnA pATaNanAM gRhamaMdiro ke gharadaherAsaro che. A apUrva bhAratIya zilpakRtionI nikAsa ke vepAra para aTakAyata mukAvI joIe. maMdironA nAnA namUnAo uparAMta kAi zipIoe jUnA maMdironI chatomAM kANuM pUtaLIo, nakazIo. prasaMgo ane nakazIdAra staMbho kotaryA che. e ArasanA takSaNanI pUrI spardhA kare che. pATaNa ane amadAvAdamAMthI aneka kalAzi95nI aprApya vastuo paradezanA saMgrahAlayomAM pahoMcI gaI che. e mATe have sai jaina kalApremIone kheda thavo joIe ane have pachIthI evI vastuo meLavavA udAra dAnaphaMDamAMthI tenI kharIdI karI saMgraha racavo joIe, jethI prajA jainakalA mATe suyogya rIte gaurava laI zake. uparAMta kuzaLa ane kalAvida vidvAno pAse e vastuonI parIkSA, kadara ane noMdha karAvI uttama citro sAthe tenA graMtho prajA samakSa mUkavAthI jainakalAnI saMpUtimAM yazakalagI umerAze. are ====== =