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________________ bhAratIya dhArmika samanvaya meM jaina dharma kA yogadAna pro0 kRSNadatta vAjapeyI bhArata kA prAcIna itihAsa samanvayAtmaka bhAvanA se otaprota yA / isa deza meM aneka bhaugolika, janapadIya vibhinnatAoM ke hone para bhI sAMskRtika dRSTi se yaha deza eka thaa| isa saMzliSTa saMskRti ke nirmANa meM bhAratIya dhArmika-sAmAjika praNetAoM tathA AcAryoM kA prabhUta yogadAna rahA hai| hamAre manISI saMskRti-nirmAtAoM ne deza ke vibhinna bhAgoM meM vicaraNa kara sacce jIvana-darzana kA saMdeza phailaayaa| dhIredhIre bhArata aura usake bAhara aneka saMskRti-kendroM kI sthApanA huii| ina kendroM para samaya-samaya para vibhinna matAvalaMbI loga milakara vicAra-vimarza karate the| sAMskRtika vikAsa meM ina kendroM kA bar3A yogadAna thaa| bhArata meM takSazilA, mathurA, vArANasI, nAlaMdA vidizA, vikramazilA, devagar3ha, valabhI, pratiSThAna, kAMcI, zravaNabelagola Adi aneka sAMskRtika kendra sthApita hue| IsA se kaI zatAbdI pUrva mathurA meM eka bar3e jaina stUpa kA nirmANa huaa| jisa bhUmi para vaha stUpa banAyA gayA thA, vaha aba kakAlI TIlA kahalAtA hai| isa TIle ke eka bar3e bhAga kI khudAI pichalI zatAbdI ke aMtima bhAga meM huI thI, jisake phalasvarUpa eka hajAra se Upara vividha pASANa-mUrtiyAM milI thiiN| hindU aura bauddha dharma sambandhI kucha inI-ginI mUrtiyoM ko chor3akara isa khudAI meM prApta zeSa sabhI mUrtiyAM jainadharma se sambandhita thiiN| unake nirmANa kA samaya I0 pU0 prathama zatI se lekara 1100 IsavI taka hai / kaMkAlI TIlA tathA braja kSetra ke anya sthAnoM se prApta bahusaMkhyaka jaina maMdiroM eva mUrtiyoM ke avazeSa isa bAta ke sUcaka haiM ki vahAM eka laMbe samaya taka jaina dharma kA vikAsa hotA rhaa| bauddhoM ne bhI mathurA meM apane kaI kendra banAye, jinameM cAra mukhya the| sabase bar3A kendra usa sthAna ke Asa-pAsa thA jahAM Ajakala kalakTarI kacaharI hai| dUsarA zahara ke uttara meM yamunA ke kinAre gokarNezvara aura usake uttara kI bhUmi para thaa| tIsarA yamunA-taTa para dhruvaghATa ke AsapAsa thaa| cauthA kendra zrIkRSNa-janmasthAna ke pAsa goviMdanagara kSetra meM thaa| hAla meM vahAM se bahusaMkhyaka kalAkRtiyoM tathA abhilekhoM kI prApti huI hai, jo rAjya-saMgrahAlaya mathurA meM surakSita haiM / aneka hindU devatAoM kI pratimAoM kI taraha bhagavAn buddha kI mUrti kA nirmANa bhI sabase pahale mathurA meM huA / bhArata ke pramukha cAra dharma bhAgavata, zaiva, jaina tathA bauddha braja kI pAvana bhUmi para zatAbdiyoM taka sAtha-sAtha pallavita-puSpita hote rhe| unake bIca aikya ke aneka sUtroM kA prAdurbhAva lalita kalAoM ke mAdhyama se huA, jisase samanvaya tathA sahiSNutA kI bhAvanAoM meM vRddhi huii| ina cAroM dharmoM ke kendra prAyaH eka-dUsare ke samIpa the / binA pArasparika dveSabhAva ke ve kArya karate rhe| bhArata kA eka pramukha dhArmika tathA kalA kA kendra hone ke nAte mathurA nagarI ko prAcIna sabhya saMsAra meM bar3I khyAti prApta huii| IrAna, yUnAna aura madhya eziyA ke sAtha mathurA kA sAMskRtika samparka bahuta samaya taka rhaa| uttara-pazcima meM gaMdhAra pradeza kI rAjadhAnI takSazilA kI taraha mathurA nagara vibhinna saMskRtiyoM ke pArasparika milana kA eka bar3A kendra banA rahA, isake phalasvarUpa videzI kalA kI aneka vizeSatAoM ko yahAM ke kalAkAroM ne grahaNa kiyA aura unheM dezI tattvoM ke sAtha samanvita karane meM kuzalatA kA paricaya diyA / tatkAlIna eziyA tathA yUropa kI saMskRti ke aneka upAdAnoM ko AtmasAt kara unheM bhAratIya tatvoM ke sAtha ekarasa kara diyA gyaa| zakoM tathA kuSANoM ke zAsana-kAla meM mathurA meM jisa mUrtikalA kA bahumukhI vikApta huA, usameM samanvaya kI yaha bhAvanA spaSTa rUpa se dekhane ko milatI hai| vaidika dharma ke vikAsa ko jAnane tathA vizeSarUpa se smArta-paurANika devI-devatAoM ke mUti-vijJAna ko samajhane ke lie vraja kI kalA meM baDI sAmagrI upalabdha hai| brahmA, ziba, vAsudeva, viSNu, devI Adi kI aneka mUrtiyAM vraja meM milI haiM, jinakA samaya AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ I. prathama zatI se lekara bArahavIM zatI taka hai / viSNu kI kaI guptakAlIna pratimAeM atyanta kalApUrNa haiM / kRSNa evaM balarAma kI bhI kaI prAcIna mUrtiyAM milI haiN| balarAma kI sabase purAnI mUrti I0 pUrva dUsarI zatI kI hai, jisameM ve hala aura mUsala dhAraNa kiye dikhAye gaye haiM / anya hindU devatA, jinakI mUrtiyA~ madhurA kalA meM milI haiM, kArtikeya, gaNeza, indra, agni, sUrya, kAmadeva, hanumAna Adi haiN| deviyoM meM lakSmI, sarasvatI, pArvatI, mahiSamardinI, siMhavAhinI, durgA, saptamAtRkA, vasudhArA, gaMgA-yamunA Adi ke mUrta rUpa mile haiN| ziva tathA pArvatI ke samanvita rUpa ardhanArIzvara kI bhI kaI pratimAe~ prApta huI haiN| braja meM prApta jaina avazeSoM ko tIna mukhya bhAgoM meM bA~TA jA sakatA hai : tIrthakara pratimAe', deviyoM kI mUrtiyAM aura AyAgapaTTa / caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM meM se adhikAMza kI mUrtiyAM braja ko kalA meM upalabdha haiM / neminAtha kI yakSiNI ambikA tathA RSabhanAtha kI yakSiNI cakrezvarI kI mUrtiyAM ullekhanIya haiN| AyAgapaTTa prAyaH vargAkAra zilApaTTa hote the jo pUjA meM prayukta hote the| unapara tIrthaMkara, stUpa, svastika, nadyAvarta Adi pUjanIya cihna utkIrNa kie jAte the / mathurA-saMgrahAlaya meM bhI eka suMdara AyAgapaTTa hai jise usa para likhe hue lekha ke anusAra lavaNazobhikA nAmaka eka gaNikA kI putrI vasu ne banavAyA thaa| isa AyAgapaTTa para eka stUpa kA aMkana hai tathA vedikAoM sahita toraNa-dvAra banA hai| mathurA-kalA ke kaI utkRSTa AyAgapaTTa lakhanaU-saMgrahAlaya meM bhI haiN| raMgavallI kA prArambhika sajjA-alaMkaraNa ina AyAgapaTroM meM darzanIya hai| mathurA ke samAna bhArata kA eka bar3A sAMskRtika kendra vidizA-sAMcI kSetra thaa| vahA~ vaidika, paurANika, jaina tathA bauddha dharma sAtha-sAtha zatAbdiyoM taka vikasita hote rhe| vidizA ke samIpa durjanapura nAmaka sthAna se hAla meM tIna abhilikhita tIrthakara pratimAeM milI haiN| una para likhe hue brAhmI lekhoM se jJAta huA hai ki I0 cauthI zatI ke aMta meM isa sthala para vaiSNava dharmAnuyAyI gupta vaMza ke zAsaka rAmagupta ne kalApUrNa tIrthaMkara pratimAoM kI pratiSThApanA kraayii| saMbhavata: kula pratimAoM kI saMkhyA caubIsa thii| vidizA nagara ke nikaTa eka ora udayagiri kI pahAr3I meM vaiSNava dharma kA kendra thA, tathA dUsarI ora pAsa ho sA~cI meM bauddha kendra thA / jaina dharma ke samatA-bhAva kA isa samasta kSetra meM prabhAva pdd'aa| binA kisI dvaSa-bhAva ke sabhI dharma yahAM saMvadhita hote rahe / isa prakAra ke udAharaNa kauzAmbI, devagar3ha (jilA lalitapura, u0 pra0) khajurAho, malhAra (jilA bilAsapura, ma0pra0), elorA Adi meM bhI mile haiM / dakSiNa bhArata meM vanavAsI, kAMcI, mUDavidro, dharmasthala, kArakala Adi aise bahusaMkhyaka sthAnoM meM vibhinna dharmoM ke jo smAraka vidyamAna haiM, unase isa bAta kA patA calatA hai ki samavAya tathA sahiSNutA ko hamArI vikAsazIla saMskRti meM pramukhatA dI gayI thii| vibhinna dharmoM ke AcAryoM ne samavAya-bhAvanA ko vikasita tathA pracArita karane meM ullekhanIya kArya kiye haiN| jaina dharma meM AcArya kAlaka, kuMdakuMda, samaMtabhadra, hemacaMdra, devakIrti Adi ne isa dizA meM bar3e saphala prayatna kiye| janasAdhAraNa meM hI nahIM, samRddha vyavasAyI varga tathA rAjavarga meM bhI ina tathA anya AcAryoM kA prabhUta prabhAva thaa| pArasparika vivAdoM ko dUra karane meM tathA rASTrIya bhAvanA ke vikAsa meM unake kArya sadA smaraNoya raheMge / jaina dharmAcAryoM ne dakSiNa bhArata ke do prasiddha rAjavaMzoM- rASTrakaTa tathA gaMga-vaMza-ke tIvra vivAdoM ko dUra kara unameM mela karAyA / aneka AcArya mArga kI kaThinAiyoM kI paravAha na kara dUra dezoM meM jAte the| kAlakAcArya, kumArajIva, dIpaMkara, atisA Adi ke udAharaNa hamAre sAmane haiM / pazcimI eziyA, madhya eziyA, cIna, tibbata tathA dakSiNa-pUrva eziyA ke aneka dezoM meM ina vidvAnoM ne bhAratIya saMskRti kA saMdeza phailAne meM bar3A kArya kiyaa| unakA saMdeza samasta jIvoM ke kalyANa hetu thaa| dIpaMkara ke bAre meM prasiddha hai ki jaba unheM jJAta huA ki bhArata para videzI AkramaNoM kI ghaTA umar3ane vAlI hai, taba ve tibbata ko (jahAM ve usa samaya the) chor3akara bhArata aaye| yahAM ve baMgAla ke pAla zAsaka nayapAla se mile aura phira kalacuri-zAsaka lakSmIkarNa ke pAsa gaye / ina donoM pramukha bhAratIya zAsako ko unhoMne samajhAyA ki ApasI jhagar3e bhUlakara donoM zAsaka apane zatra kA pUrI taraha mukAbalA kareM, jisase deza para videzI adhikAra na hone pAye / isa yAtrA meM AcArya dIpaMkara ko laMbe mArga kI aneka kaThinAiyoM kA sAmanA karanA pdd'aa| paraMtu rASTra ke hita ke sAmane ye saba kaSTa unake lie nagaNya the| __zravaNabelagola ke lekhoM se jJAta huA hai ki vahA~ vibhinna kAloM meM aneka prasiddha vidvAna rahe haiM / ye vidvAn jaina zAstroM ke atirikta anya dharmoM ke zAstroM meM bhI pravINa the / anya dharmAcAryoM ke sAtha unake zAstrArtha hote the, parantu ve kaTutA aura dveSa kI bhAvanA se na hokara zuddha bauddhika stara ke hote the|| gupta-yuga ke pazcAt bhArata meM bauddha dharma kA prabhAva atyaMta sImita kSetra para raha gyaa| isameM pUrvI bhArata tathA dakSiNa kosala evaM ur3IsA ke hI kucha bhAga the| dUsarI ora jaina dharma kA vyApaka prasAra prAyaH sampUrNa deza meM vyApta ho gyaa| idhara jaina itihAsa, kalA aura saMskRti
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________________ vaiSNavoM tathA zaivoM ne apane dharmoM meM abhya vicAradhArAoM ke kalyANakArI tattvoM ko aMtabhukta kara udAratA kA paricaya diyaa| madhya saMvardhana meM yoga diyaa| jainAcAryoM ne apane dharma ke aneka kalyANaprada tattvoM ko una dharmoM meM samanvita karane kA mahattvapUrNa kArya saMpanna kiyaa| yahA~ yaha bAta vicAraNIya hai ki bhAratIya itihAsa ke madhyakAla meM aneka bar3e rAjanItika tathA sAmAjika parivartana hue| aba vaidika paurANika dharma ne eka nayA rUpa grahaNa kiyaa| paza-bali vAle yajJa tathA tatsaMbaMdhI jaTila kriyAkalApa prAyaH samApta kara diye gye| naye smArta dharma ne deza-kAla ke anurUpa dharma-darzana ke naye AyAma sthApita kiye| jaina dharma ke ahiMsA tathA samatAbhAva ne ina AyAmoM ke nirmANa ko protsAhana diyaa| varNAzrama, saMskAra, prazAsana, arthanIti Adi kI tatkAlIna vyavasthA kA jaina dharma ne virodha nahIM kiyA, anyathA aneka sAmAjika jaTilatAe~ upasthita hotiiN| jaina zAsakoM, vyApAriyoM tathA anya jaina dharmAvalaMbiyoM ne una sabhI kalyANakArI parivartanoM kI preraNA dI tathA unakA nirmANa parA karAyA jo rASTrIya bhAvanA ke vikAsa meM sahAyaka the / bhArata kI vyApaka sArvajanIna saMskRti ke nirmANa meM jaina dharma kA nissaMdeha asAdhAraNa yogadAna hai| "prAvazyaka se adhika saMgraha corI hai" jaina-saMskRti kA Adeza hai ki pratyeka manuSya ko apanI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke lie ucita sAdhanoM kA Azraya lekara hI prayatna karanA cAhie / AvazyakatA se adhika kisI bhI sukha-sAmagrI kA saMgraha, jaina-saMskRti meM corI mAnA gayA hai| vyakti, samAja athavA rASTra kyoM lar3ate haiM ? isI anucita saMgraha-vRtti ke kAraNa dUsaroM ke jIvana ke sukha-sAdhanoM kI upekSA kara koI bhI sukha-zAnti prApta nahIM kara sakatA / ahiMsA ke bIja aparigraha-vRtti meM hI DhUMr3he jA sakate haiN| eka apekSA se kaheM to ahiMsA aura aparigraha donoM hI paryAyavAcI zabda haiM / jaina saMskRti kA sandeza hai ki koI bhI manuSya samAja se sarvathA pRthak rahakara apanA astitva kAyama nahIM rakha sakatA / samAja meM ghula-mila kara hI vaha apane jIvana kA Ananda uThA sakatA hai aura dUsare AsapAsa ke sabhI sAthiyoM kA bhI utthAna kara sakatA hai| jaba yaha nizcita hai ki vyakti samAja se alaga nahIM raha sakatA, taba yaha bhI Avazyaka hai ki vaha apane hRdaya ko udAra banAe, vizAla banAe, virAT banAe aura jina logoM se khuda ko kAma lenA hai, unake hRdaya meM apanI ora se pUrNa vizvAsa paidA kre| jaba taka manuSya apane pArvavartI samAja meM apanatva kI bhAvanA paidA nahIM karegA, taba taka samAja kA kalyANa nahIM ho sakatA / eka-dUsare kA Apasa meM avizvAsa hI tabAhI kA kAraNa banA huA hai / -AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja (paryuSaNa parva, ravivAra, 3 sitambara 1657 ko mahAnagarI dillI meM eka janasabhA kA mArgadarzana karate hue|) 38 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana anya .