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________________ zrIratanalAla saMghavI nyAyatIrtha, bhAratIya darzanoM meM AtmavAda Vim (1) aitihAsika pRSTha-bhUmi bhAratIya-vicAra-jagat ke dArzanika kSetra meM sudIrgha kAla se anubhUtidhAraka tattva arthAt 'AtmA' ke sambandha meM utsukatAzraddhA evaM vicArAtmaka anusaMdhAna calA A rahA hai. AryAvarta meM aba taka aneka tIrthaMkara RSi-muni, tattva-ciMtaka, saMnyAsI, Izvara-bhakta, saMta evaM manISA-nidhi dArzanika puruSa aura sarvocca koTi ke nirmala cAritra-saMpanna loka-sevaka, nAnAvidha bhautika evaM AdhyAtmika pragUr3ha samasyAoM kA cintana-manana karate hue isa vicAra-maMthana meM anurakta rahe haiM ki isa mahAn ajJAta aura ajJeya rahasya vAle brahmANDa meM maulikatA tathA amaratA kA kauna-sA tattva hai ? yaha dRzyamAna aura adRzyamAna arthAt pratyakSa evaM parokSa rIti se vilokyamAna loka kina-kina vastuoM kA banA huA hai ? aitihAsika aura zraddhAmaya donoM dRSTiyoM se vicAra kiyA jAya to vidita hotA hai ki jaba se mAnava-jAti susaMskRta huI hai aura jaba se isameM vicAra-zakti tathA mAnava-samAja racane kI dRSTi utpanna huI hai, tabhI se cetanA guNa vAle tattva meM AtmA ke sambandha meM UhApoha prArambha ho gayA hai tadanusAra aba taka yahI anubhava huA hai ki isa akhila vizva meM do tattvoM kI hI mukhyatA hai, jinake AdhAra se isa vizva kA vistAra hai. isa prakAra zraddhA-dRSTi se AtmavAda kI vicAraNA prathama tIrthaMkara prabhu zrIRSabhadeva se mAnI jA sakatI hai aura aitihAsika dRSTi se lagabhaga dasa hajAra varSa se kucha adhika kAla se, medhA-saMpanna dArzanikoM ke mastiSka meM yaha samasyA utpanna huI ki 'anubhUti athavA jJAna-zakti,' eka viziSTa tattva hai jo ki jJAna-zUnya padArthoM se arthAt pudgala tattvase sarvathA hI bhinna hai. anubhUtizaktisaMpanna tattva ke guNa, dharma aura paryAya sarvathA maulika, svatantra, anupama, vilakSaNa aura asAdhAraNa haiM, jaba ki anubhUtizUnya tattva, isase sarvathA viparIta guNoM vAlA hai. isI citana ne bhAratIya sAhityakSetra meM apanA eka svatantra vicAra-vibhAga prastuta kiyA jo ki dArzanika vicAra-kSetra kahalAyA. isa prakAra se utpanna huI yaha dArzanika vicAraNA kI dhArA zanaiH zanaiH vibhinna koTi ke cintakoM ke mastiSka meM pravAhita hone lagI aura pariNAma svarUpa nitya naye-naye vicAra aura naI-naI vyavasthAe~ tathA apUrva-apUrva kalpanAe~ isa anubhUtimaya tattva ke saMbaMdha meM upasthita hone lagI.. Aja se lagabhaga pAMca hajAra varSa se kucha samaya pahile yaha vicAradhArA mukhyataH do kSetroM meM vibhAjita ho gaI. eka dhArA mukhyataH veda-RcAoM ke nirmAtAoM aura tatsaMbaMdhI saMpradAya ke vicArakoM dvArA pravAhita huI, jo ki naiyAyika, sAMkhya Adi nAmoM se vaidika dArzanika rUpa meM prasphuTita huI. dUsarI bhagavAn pAzrvanAtha se sambandhita vicAradhArA ina ke samakAlIna athavA inase kucha pUrvakAlIna AdhyAtmika mahApuruSoM dvArA pravAhita huI. yaha vicAradhArA zramaNa dArzanika-vicAraNA kahI jA sakatI hai. yoM prajJAzIla puruSoM ke mAnasa meM mImAMsApUrvaka pragati karatA huA yaha AtmavAda-vicAraNA kA siddhAnta lagabhaga cAra-pAMca hajAra varSoM ke pUrva kAla se Aja dina taka barAbara akhaNDa rUpa se cintana-manana ke rUpa meM anusaMdhAna kA viSaya rahA hai. aba taka isa viSaya meM hajAroM grantha likhe gaye, lAkhoM mahApuruSoM dvArA isakI vyAkhyA kI gaI aura karor3oM AdhyAtmika puruSoM dvArA ekAMta meM, dhyAnAvasthA meM, isa vilakSaNa tattva kA cintana manana kiyA gayA hai.. jahA~ taka anubhUtimaya tattva arthAt AtmA ke astitva kA prazna hai, sabhI dArzanikoM ne isakA astitva niHsaMkoca rUpa Jain Education Tremato
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________________ 366 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ----0-0--0--0--0--0-0--0-0 se svIkAra kiyA hai parantu usake svarUpa aura nityatva Adi ke viSaya meM bhinna-bhinna kalpanAe~ rahI haiM. koI use paramANu rUpa mAnatA hai, koI vizva-vyApI svarUpa vAlA mAnatA hai, koI saMkoca-vistAramaya pradezoM vAlA mAnatA, to koI use IzvarIya rUpa vAlA mAnatA hai. koI nitya kahatA hai to koI anitya hI batalAtA hai. isa tattva kI antima dazA mukta rUpa kahI gaI hai parantu mokSa ke svarUpa ke saMbaMdha meM bhI vibhinna mata haiM. koI use anantakAlIna kahate haiM to koI parimitakAlIna batalAte haiM. bauddha-darzana to isa viSaya meM avaktavya jaisI sthiti meM hai aura dRSTAnta rUpa meM "dIpa-nirvANavat" kaha kara chuTakArA pA letA hai. ina vividha dArzanika vivecanAoM meM bhASA-bheda, prarUpaNA-bheda, kalpanA-bheda aura vyAkhyA-bheda ke hote hue bhI AtmA ke prati kisI ko asvIkRti nahIM hai. isase pramANita hotA hai ki prAyaH sabhI dArzanika AtmA ko eka svataMtra tattva svIkAra karate hai| jaba eka bAra AtmA kA astitva svIkAra kara liyA gayA to isake bAda meM utpanna hone vAle janma, maraNa, pApa, puNya, vAsanA, saMskAra, malInatA, punItatA, ardhavimalatva, pUrNa vimalatva, ajJAnatva, jJAnatva, amaratva, Izvaratva Adi ke viSaya meM utpanna hone vAle praznoM kI bhI vivecanA kI gaI. inakA apanI-apanI zailI se tathA apanI-apanI bhASApaddhati se samAdhAna kiyA gayA aura bhAratIya darzana-kSetra meM samuccaya rUpa se yaha eka pUrNa satya sthApita kiyA gayA ki AtmA avazyameva hai tathA aparimita zakti-saMpanna evaM acintya svarUpa vAle Izvara tattva se isakA ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai. isa ghaniSTha sambandha ke viSaya meM bhI mukhyata: do vicAra dhArAe~ prastuta huI haiM. naiyAyika vaizeSika darzana AtmA tathA Izvara donoM ko pRthaka-pRthak mAnate haiM, jaba ki vedAnta evaM sAMkhya Adi pramukha saMpradAya Atma-tattva meM kAlpanika bhinnatA batalAte hue mUlataH donoM ko eka hI tattva batalAte haiM. bauddha darzana Atmatattva aura Izvaratva ke sambandha meM vizeSa ulajhane kI AvazyatA nahIM batalAtA huA bhI isake astitva ko svIkAra karatA hai, yadyapi pazcAtvartI suprasiddha dArzanika vidvAn nAgArjuna tathA diGnAgAdi Atma-tattva ke sambandha meM Azcaryajanaka 'zUnyatA' jaisI kalpatAe~ karate hue pAye jAte haiM phira bhI pracchanna rUpa se Atmatattva kI svIkArokti unameM bhI pratIta hotI hai. bauddha tAkikoM meM sarva-prathama aura pradhAna AcArya nAgArjuna hue. inakA kAla IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI hai. ye mahAn pratibhAzAlI aura pracaNDa tAkika the. inhoMne 'mAdhyamika-kArIkA' nAmaka tarka kA praur3ha evaM gambhIra grantha banAyA aura bauddhasAhitya kA mUla AdhAra "zUnyavAda" nirdhArita kiyA. isake AdhAra para zeSa bhAratIya dArzanika mAnyatAoM kA tathA toM kA prabala khaNDana kiyA. diGnAgAdi pazcAt-tAkikoM ne isa viSaka ko vizeSarUpa se Age bar3hAyA aura bhAratIya tarkazAstra sambandhI gahana sAhitya kA gUr3ha tama aura gambhIratama rUpa prastuta kiyA. janadarzana meM Atmatattva ko spaSTa rUpa se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai aura Atmatattva kI pUrNa vikasita avasthA ko hI Izvaratva mAnA gayA hai. Izvaratva-prApti ke bAda AtmA pUrNa rUpa se kRtakRtya tathA vimalatama sthiti vAlA ho jAne se janmamaraNa Adi rUpa bhautika hastakSepa se evaM tajjanita vividha saMsAracakra rUpa ghaTa-mAla se sarvathA aura sadaiva ke liye parimukta ho jAtA hai. jIva tattva ko yaha sAMsArika avasthA kaba aura kaise prApta huI ? isakA uttara yahI hai ki yaha samasyA anAdi kAlIna hai aura isaliye isakA uttara yahI ho sakatA hai ki sAMsArika avasthA pratyakSa rUpa se malIna dikhAI de rahI hai, isako pavitra banAne kA hI vicAra karo aura yaha mata pUcho ki yaha AtmA kyoM aura kaba se tathA kaise malIna huI hai ? mUla svarUpa meM sabhI AtmAe~ arUpI haiM, ajara haiM, U~ca-nIca avasthAoM se rahita haiM aura sabhI prakAra ke lepoM se rahita haiM. jaina-zAstroM meM Atmatattva kA lakSaNa upayogamaya, jJAnamaya athavA anubhUtimaya kahA gayA hai, jar3a-tattva meM jJAna, anubhava, upayoga aura viveka jaisI zakti kA sarvathA abhAva hai. yaha antara hI ina donoM kA asAdhAraNa lakSaNa hai. JainEducaAHMIRIRALA MPHATTIMES HI RINTIMI NShop10HIMIRPAIIMIUINOniyaMINISTI.10111101. htm10110010mAINABRANIreliterary.org
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________________ ratanalAla saMghavI : bhAratIya darzanoM meM prAtmavAda : 367 pratyeka sAMsArika AtmA meM yaha sahajAta Atma-dharma-rUpa zakti vidyamAna hai ki vaha apane mUla sAtvika guNoM ke bala se sAMsArika avasthA kA uccheda karake 'brahma-jyoti' ke rUpa meM akhaNDa, agocara, sarvaguNasaMpanna aura sarvazaktimAna paramAtmA ke rUpa meM pariNata ho sakatA hai. jaina-darzana kA vidhAna hai ki pratyeka AtmA meM Izvaratva maujUda hai, kevala usake vikAsa karane kI AvazyakatA hai. apane meM sthita mUla guNoM kA vikAsa karane meM, kisI bhI AtmA ke liye kisI bhI prakAra kA koI pratibandha nahIM hai. isa prakAra jaina-darzana kI 'Atma-tattva' ke saMbaMdha meM yaha maulika vicAradhArA hai, jo ki apane Apa meM vilakSaNa svarUpa vAlI hotI huI paripUrNa rUpa se satyamaya evaM zraddheya svarUpa vAlI hai. (4) prAtma-tatva-jImAMsA saMsArAvasthA meM avasthita Atmatattva ke guNAvaguNoM kI apekSA se jo anekAneka zreNiyA~ dikhAI de rahI haiM, unakA kAraNa vikRti kI nyUnAdhikatA hI hai. jisa AtmA meM jitanA sAtvika guNoM kA vikAsa hai, vaha AtmA utanI hI Izvaratva ke samIpa hai aura jisameM jitanI vikRti kI adhikatA hai, utanI hI vaha Izvaratva se dUra hai. Aja dina taka anaMtAnaMta AtmAoM ne apane-apane sat-prayatna dvArA Izvaratva prApta kiyA hai aura Age bhI karatI raheMgI. Izvaratva-prApti ke pazcAt ye AtmAe~ pUrNa-rUpeNa kRtakRtya, 'vItarAga' akSaya-ananta jyotirUpa ho jAtI haiM, tatpazcAt saMsAra ke prati inakA kisI bhI prakAra kA koI uttaradAyitva zeSa nahIM raha jAtA hai. ye ananta-zakti ke rUpa meM, paripUrNa vimala jJAna ke rUpa meM yA sAkSAt pUrNa Izvaratva ke rUpa meM avasthita ho jAtI haiM. jaina-darzana kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki isa prakAra anaMtAnaMta AtmAe~ 'jyoti meM jyoti' ke samAna Izvaratva-svarUpa meM visasita hokara paramAvasthA meM sadaiva ke liye avasthita rahatI haiM. inameM na to sthAnAntara hI hotA hai aura na avasthAMtara hI, ye paraspara meM abAdhita rUpa se, akhaNDa-avinAzI-jJAna-jyoti ke rUpa meM sthita hotI haiM. yahI jaina-darzana kA Izvaratva hai. vedAnta-darzana kA brahmatattva, sAMkhya darzana kA puruSatattva aura jaina-darzana kA Atmatattva lagabhaga samAna haiM. ukta tInoM darzanakAroM kI Atmatattva kI vivecana-praNAlI bhinna-bhinna hotI haI bhI siddhAntaH samAna hai. zabda-bheda aura vivecana-zailI-bheda hone para tAtparya-bheda utanA nahIM hai jitanA ki Upara se dikhalAI par3atA hai. isa prakAra artha-bheda ke abhAva meM tInoM darzanoM kA AtmavAda lagabhaga eka-sA hI hai. sArAMza yaha hai saMpUrNa vizva kA mUla AdhAra evaM isakA upAdAna kAraNa kevala do tattva hI haiM ; prathama acetana tattva aura dUsarA cetana tattva inhIM ko vedAntadarzana meM mAyA aura brahma kahate haiM, jaba ki inhIM tattvoM kA ullekha sAMkhya darzana meM prakRtti evaM puruSa ke nAma se kiyA gayA hai. vedAntadarzana udbodhita karatA hai ki mAyA tattva ke kAraNa hI brahma nAmaka Atmatattva apane Apako ba~dhA huA samajhatA hai yadi brahma tattva apane svarUpa ko pahacAna le to tatkAla hI isakI mAyA se mukti ho jAyagI aura yaha usI kSaNa IzvarIya svarUpa ko prApta ho jAyagA. paripUrNa Izvaratattva meM aura tatkAla mAyA se mukta Atmatattva meM koI antara zeSa nahIM raha jAyagA, kyoMki vAstava meM mAyA se paribaddha Atma-tattva kI saMjJA brahma hI hai evaM yaha brahma bhI usa paramajyotisvarUpa brahma kA hI aMza rUpa hai, vizva-pravRtti mAyA tattva se janita hai, brahmatattva se nahIM. isa prakAra sthUla rUpa se vaNita uparokta brahma vAda kA tathA jaina-darzana ke AtmavAda kA antima lakSya eka hI hai. sAMkhyadarzana tattva-cintakoM ke sammukha yaha mAnyatA prastuta karatA hai ki vizva meM kevala do hI mUlabhUta padArtha haiM--puruSa tathA prakRti. puruSatattva sAkSAt Izvara svarUpa hai parantu prakRti ke sAnnidhya se vaha apane Apa ko ba~dhA huA mAna baiThA hai. jyoM hI puruSatattva ko yaha sphuraNA hotI hai ki yaha saba khela prakRti kA hai, prakRti ke sAtha puruSa kA koI lagAva nahIM hai, tyoM hI puruSatattva parimukta ho jAtA hai. Jain Education Intematonal
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________________ 368 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ---------------0-0-0 (5) Atma-tattva kI maulikatA sabhI AtmAe~ samAna rUpa se ananta guNoM kI bhaMDAra haiM. eka AtmA meM jitane bhI guNa haiM, utane hI tathA vaise hI guNa zeSa sabhI AtmAoM meM vidyamAna haiM. jJAna, darzana, Ananda, amaratA, sAtvikatA Adi sabhI guNa pratyeka AtmA ke mUla dharma haiM. ina guNoM ko bAhya padArtha se prerita athavA janita nahIM samajhanA cAhiye, ataeva ye vaibhAvika nahIM haiM.ye sabhI svAbhAvika haiM. inameM vikAsa, avikAsa, ardhavikAsa, viparita vikAsa jaisI nAnAvidha vaibhAvika sthitiyA~ utpanna ho sakatI haiM, parantu ina guNoM kA sarvathA vinAza nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki ina guNoM kA aura AtmA kA paraspara meM abhinna saMbaMdha hai. ise zAstrIya-bhASA meM tAdAtmyasambandha kahate haiM. jaise uSNatA aura agni, zItalatA aura jala kiraNa aura sUrya, auSadhi aura usakI prabhAva-zakti Adi kA paraspara abhinna sambandha hai. vaisA hI uparokta sabhI guNoM kA AtmA ke sAtha sambandha jAnanA cAhie. AtmA cAhe nigoda, tiryaMca, naraka Adi avasthA meM rahe, cAhe devagati yA, manuSyagati meM rahe, athavA arihaMta-siddha avasthA meM, ina guNoM kA vinAza kabhI nahIM hotA. ina guNoM kI sthiti sAMsArika avasthA meM avikasita athavA apUrNa vikasita jaisI hotI hai, jaba ki arihaMta-siddha avasthA meM ye guNa paripUrNa rUpa se vikasita ho jAte haiM. saMsAra-avasthA meM Atmatattva ke maulika guNa karma se AvRtta rahate haiM, parimukta avasthA meM, anAvRtta ho jAte haiM. siddhAnta yaha hai ki svarUpa svarUpI se kadApi pRthak athavA bhinna nahIM ho sakatA hai. guNa, karma, vRtti aura svabhAva ye pAribhASika zabda Atmagata paryAyoM kI sthiti kA paricaya karAte haiM, ataH ina para vicAra karane kI AvazyakatA hai. jaina-darzana meM Atmatattva kI sarvottama tathA sarvocca vikAsa-avasthA terahaveM-caudahave guNasthAna kI prApti ke samaya meM kahI gaI hai. AdhyAtmikabhASA meM isa sthiti ko arihaMta-avasthA kahate haiM aura usa avasthA meM utpanna hone vAlI sarvocca sAtvika vizeSatAe~ hI svAbhAvika guNa zabda se vyakta kI jAtI haiM. ina guNoM meM ananta jJAna, darzana, nirmalatA, akSayatA, anirvacanIya Atmika AnaMda, saralatA, saMtoSa, nirlobhatA Adi vizeSAoM kA antarbhAva hai. ye Atmika guNa haiM, inakA aura Atmatattva kA paraspara meM tAdAtmya sambandha hai. ye guNa hI AtmA ke dharma kahalAte haiM. saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate samaya ina guNoM evaM dharmoM meM jo hrAsa athavA vikAsa hotA hai, usI ko vRtti kahate haiM. sAMsArika-avasthA meM vRtti kA sthAna kriyAtmaka rUpa se hRdaya aura mastiSka mAnA gayA hai. Atma-tattva se prerita mAnasika-zakti kA prabhAva zarIra para hotA huA bhI hRdaya evaM mastiSka para vizeSa rUpa se jAnanA cAhiye. mana yadyapi zarIra-vyApI hI hai parantu usakA pramukha sthAna hRdaya aura mastiSka hai. mana meM jo acche athavA bure vicAra utpanna hote haiM, tathA jo bhalI evaM burI bhAvanAe~ utpanna hotI haiM, unheM hI 'vRtti' saMjJA dI gaI hai. ye vRttiyA~ mukhyata: tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita haiM :--(1) sAtvika, (2) rAjasa aura (3) tAmasa. acchI vRttiyo ko yA zreSTha tathA hitAvaha vicAroM ko, aura uttama bhAvanAoM ko sAtvika-vRttiyA~' kahate haiM. sarvocca vikAsa-zIla avasthA meM arthAt arihaMta-sthiti meM jo guNa haiM, ve hI saMsAra-avasthA meM rahate hue- sAdhanA-kAla meM, sAtvika-vRttiyoM ke nAma se parilakSita hote haiM. niSkarSa yaha hai ki saMsAra-avasthA meM rahate hue AtmA ke guNa-dharmoM meM paryAya rUpa se utpanna hone vAlI viziSTa guNa-dhArA hI vRtti hai. (6) Atmatattva kA saMvikAsa jaba taka atmA kA dRSTikoNa bAhyasukha aura pudgaloM meM rahatA hai arthAt jaba taka sAMsArikasukha, sAMsArika lAlasA, indriya-bhoga, indriya-poSaNa ,dhanasaMgraha, pada-lAlasA aura yazolipsA Adi tAmasa vRttiyoM kI ora AtmA lagI rahatI Jain one Cewalimary.org
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________________ ratanalAla saMghavI : bhAratIya darzanoM meM AtmavAda : 366 -------------------- hai, taba taka vaha antabhUrkha nahIM hai. isa sthiti ko 'bahirAtma' sthiti kahate haiM. ise mithyAtva-avasthA bhI kahA gayA hai. isakI tIna zreNiyA~ vicAra-bheda se kahI gaI haiM, inake pAribhASika nAma prathama, dvitIya aura tRtIya guNasthAna haiM. ina guNa sthAnoM kI bhI avAntara rUpa se asaMkhyAta zreNiyA~ haiM, kyoMki ina guNasthAnoM meM pAI jAne vAlI anaMtAnaMta AtmAe~ haiM, jinakI vicAra-zreNiyA~ athavA adhyavasAyasthAna a saMkhyAta haiM, tadanusAra uparyukta tInoM guNasthAnoM meM bhI avAntara zreNiyoM kI saMkhyA bhI asaMkhyAta prakAra kI ho sakatI hai. anaMtAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, samyaktvamohanIya, mizramohanIya, evaM mithyAtvamohanIya karma kI prakRtiyoM kA upazama, kSaya athavA kSayopazama hone para AtmA meM bAhya-bhAvanA ke sthAna para AMtarika bhAvanA kI jAgRti hotI hai, aisI AtmAoM kI zraddhA aura ruci Izvara, mokSa, jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI ora honI prAraMbha ho jAtI hai, sAMsArika bhogoM ke prati udAsInatA ho jAtI hai, isa sthiti ko 'antarAtmabhAva' kahate haiM. yaha vikAsa kI sIDhI hai, AdhyAtmikatA kI nIMva hai ise hI jainadarzana meM 'samyaktva' kahate haiM. yaha sthiti cauthe guNasthAna se prArambha hokara vArahaveM guNasthAna taka rahatI hai. isa sthiti meM vibhinna AtmAoM kI pragati vibhinna prakAra kI hotI hai, kyoMki pratyeka AtmA kI vicAra-dhArA alaga-alaga hotI hai. AdhyAtmika-adhyavasAyoM kI zreNiyAM asaMkhyAta prakAra kI haiM, tadanusAra cauthe guNasthAna se vArahaveM guNasthAna taka ke avAntara bhedoM kI saMkhyA bhI asaMkhyAta prakAra kI haiM, parantu phira bhI pramukha zreNiyAM do prakAra kI kahI gaI haiM:kucha AtmAeM aisI hotI haiM jinakI vicAra-dhArA bhAbuka mAtra hotI hai. unakI kaSAya-bhAvanAeM, viSama-vAsanAeM, dhanamUr3hatA Adi tAmasa vRttiyAM mUla se kSINa nahIM hotI haiM, kintu vAtAvaraNa tathA kucha bAhya saMyogoM se daba jAtI haiM. inakA bIja tathA inakI vizAlatA jyoM kI tyoM avyakta rUpa meM bhItara chipI rahatI hai. kevala vAhya rUpa se zAMti dikhAI detI hai ise jaina-darzana meM "upazama avasthA" kahA gayA hai. isa avasthA ke viparIta jina AtmAoM meM kaSAya, vAsanA, moha, mUr3hatA Adi tAmasa tathA rAjasa vRttiyAM jar3a-mUla se kSINa ho jAtI haiM, jinake punaH udaya hone kI athavA puna: vikasita hone kI koI saMbhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai, aisI AtmAe~ hI vAstava meM pUrNa vikAsa kara sakatI haiM. aisI sthiti ko jaina-darzana meM 'kSaya avasthA' kahA gayA hai. uparokta donoM prakAra kI avasthAoM ke liye pAribhASika saMjJA krama se 'aupazamika samyaktva' tathA 'kSAyika samyaktva' hai. kSAyika samyaktva kA utkRStama vikAsa kramaza: bArahaveM, terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM hotA hai. isa prakAra antarAtmabhAva do mArgoM se vikAsa ko prApta hotA hai, eka upazamamArga se aura dUsarA kSayamArga se. upazamamArga se calane vAlI AtmA adhika se adhika nyArahaveM guNasthAna taka jAkara lauTa jAtI hai. isa prakAra upazamamArgI AtmA bahirAtma-bhAva tathA antarAtma-bhAva meM hI cakkara lagAyA karatI hai aura Age nahIM bar3ha pAtI hai, kintu kSAyika mArgagAmI AtmA antarAtma-bhAva dvArA Age vikAsa karatI huI apane mUla svarUpa kI ora bar3hatI hI calI jAtI hai. aura 'paramAtma-bhAva' ko prApta kara letI hai. isa avasthA ko jana-zAstroM meM terahavAM tathA caudahavA~ guNasthAna kahA gayA hai. isa avasthA ko prApta AtmA pUrNa rUpa se 'kRtakRtya' ho jAtA hai aura sadaiva ke lie apane paramadhyeya Izvaratva ko prApta kara letA hai. jaina-darzana meM yahI 'arihaMta' avasthA kahalAtI hai. yaha avasthA paripUrNa paramAtmatattva kI yA siddha-svarUpa kI hI pUrvavartI paryAya hai. bhAranIya darzanoM ke anusAra ise hI 'AtmA kI pUrNatA' kahate haiM. isa prakAra AtmA kI tIna sthitiyA~ batalAI gaI haiM, (1) bahirAtma-bhAva, (2) antarAtma-bhAva aura (3) paramAtmabhAva. antarAtma-bhAva se paramAtma-bhAva kI ora bar3hate-bar3hate AtmA ko aneka sthitiyoM meM se gujaranA par3hatA hai. sabase prathama to moha kI jo durbhedya granthi hai, usako tor3anA par3atA hai. isa graMthi ko tor3e vinA Age AtmA bar3ha hI nahIM sakatA hai. ise tor3ane ke lie mahAn AdhyAtmika prayatna karanA par3atA hai. aisI AtmA ko hRdaya meM vikasita tAmasa evaM rAjasa vRttiyoM se ghora saMgharSa karanA par3atA hai. jabardasta rassA-kazI calatI hai. isa saMgharSa meM aniSTa vRttiyAM to Jain Education Interiona Vivate&Personal Used wweinelibrary-40
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________________ 400 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya -0--0--0-0-0-0-0--0-0-0 ko ucca bhAvanAoM kI ora AkarSita karatI haiM. isa saMgharSa meM yadi AtmA nirbala huI to aniSTa vRttiyoM kI jIta ho jAtI hai aura usakA vikAsa ruka jAtA hai aura yadi AtmA prabala huI to sAtvika vRttiyoM kI vijaya hotI hai. isa prakAra ke utAra-car3hAva ko AdhyAtmika-sAhitya meM 'vRti-saMgharSa' athavA 'bhAvanA-yuda' kahate haiM. yaha ghaTanA AtmA ke liye parama saubhAgya rUpa mAnI jAtI hai. ise jaina-zAstroM meM apUrvakaraNa saMjJA dI gaI hai. anAdi kAla se paribhramaNa karate hue jIva ke liye yaha prathama hI prasaMga hotA hai aura isIliye zAstrakAroM ne isakA 'apUrvakaraNa' nAma prasthApita kiyA hai. apUrvakaraNa kI sthiti meM avasthita AtmA kI bhAvanA prazasta ho jAtI hai, aura jaba usakI pragati vikAsa kI ora hI rahatI hai to usa vikAsonmukha pravRtti ke liye janadarzana meM 'yathA-pravRtti-karaNa' nAma pradAna kiyA gayA hai. jaba AtmA meM 'apUrvakaraNa' tathA 'yathApravRttikaraNa' kA udaya ho jAtA hai, taba AtmA meM rahI huI moha kI gAMTha AtyaMtika rUpa se chUTa jAtI hai, zaitAna vRttiyoM kA nAza ho jAtA hai. AtmA kI aisI atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthiti ke liye jainAcAryoM ne anivRttikaraNa nAma nirdhArita kiyA hai. Upara ullikhita antarAtma-bhAva se paramAtma-bhAva taka pahu~cane ke liye kisI uttamottama AtmA ko to bahuta thor3A samaya lagatA hai aura kisI-kisI AtmA ko bahuta adhika samaya bhI laga jAtA hai. mokSagAmI evaM mokSagata AtmAoM ke itihAsa meM aise aneka udAharaNa vidyamAna haiM, jinase vidita hotA hai ki koI-koI bhavya AtmA to kucha ghanToM, mahInoM athavA varSoM meM hI paramAtma-bhAva ko prApta kara lete haiM. jaba ki aneka AtmA saMkhyAta varSoM meM, asaMkhyAta varSoM meM athavA anaMta kAla meM paramAtma bhAva ko prApta kara pAte haiN| gajasukumAra, marudevI, bharatacakravartI, elAyacIkumAra, arjunamAlI Adi ke dRSTAnta jaina-AgamoM meM upalabdha haiM, jo prathama bAta kA samarthana karate haiM. dvitIya bAta ke samarthana ke liye brahmadatta cakravartI Adi ke udAharaNa dekhe jA sakate haiM. isa prakAra AtmavAda ke vikAsa ke sambandha meM yaha eka mananIya evaM ciMtanIya-subodha pATha hai. (7) prAtmavAda kA tAratamya varNana meM evaM usakI vyAkhyA karane meM bhASA-bheda avazya pAyA jAtA hai, phira bhI usake astitva se koI inkAra nahIM karatA. (2) AtmA ke svarUpa, pradezoM, tathA amaratA tathA punarjanma ke sambandha meM prayukta kI gaI vivecanazailI meM bhinnatA hone para bhI sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM kA AtmavAda sambandhI dharAtala eka jaisA hI hai. (3) 'AtmA sAMsArika baMdhanoM se parimukta hokara mokSa prApta karatI hai, evaM sampUrNa IzvarIya zakti ke rUpa meM isakA saMvikAsa hotA hai.' isa viSaya meM bhI sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM meM ekatA dikhAI detI hai. (3) Izvara-svarUpa ke sambandha meM bhAratIya-darzanoM kA dRSTikoNa ulajhA huA pratIta hotA hai yaha aspaSTa evaM kalpanAoM se bharA huA hai. phira bhI Izvara kI sattA kA svIkAra sabhI bhAratIya darzana karate haiM. - (5) sabhI bhAratIya darzana pratyakSa rUpa se athavA parokSa rUpa se yaha varNana avazya karate haiM ki ajJeya svarUpa vAle Tu Tu Jain Educon imem or Private & l lose only www.ainelibrary.org
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________________ ratanalAla saMghavI : bhAratIya darzanoM meM AtmavAda : 401 Izvara-tattva ke sAtha Atma-tattva kA kisI na kisI prakAra se sambandha avazya hai. donoM kA pRthak-pRthak astitva hote hue bhI Azcarya hai ki donoM kA maulika svarUpa samAna hai. (6) sabhI bhAratIya darzanoM ne Atma-tattva ko cetanAmaya, jJAnamaya, aura anubhUti-zakti-saMpanna svIkAra kiyA hai. isase nizcaya hotA hai ki bhAratIya darzana kA cintana mUla meM eka jaisA hI hai. yaha hai bhAratIya-darzanoM meM AtmavAda kA sundara siddhAMta. 'sat, cit aura Ananda' kI prApti karanA hI isakA mUla dhyeya hai tathA ciraMtana satya kA anusaMdhAna karate hue Atma-tattva kA jo 'ziva-svarUpa' hai usake madhura saMdarzana karane meM hI yaha bhAratIya darzana samUha apane Apa ko kRtakRtya mAnatA hai. 6-0-0------------------ Jain Education Intemational