Bhadrabahu Sambandhi Kathanako ka Adhyayan

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain
Publisher: Z_Sagar_Jain_Vidya_Bharti_Part_4_001687.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/229156/1

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bhadrabAhu sambandhI kathAnakoM kA samIkSAtmaka adhyayana carama zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu jainadharma kI sabhI paramparAoM ke dvArA mAnya rahe haiN| kalpasUtra sthavirAvali ke prAcInatama ullekha se lekara paravartI granthoM ke sandarbho ke AdhAra para unake vyaktitva aura kRtitva ko lekara Adhunika yuga meM paryApta uhApoha yA vicAra-vimarza huA hai, kintu unake jIvanavRtta aura kRtitva ke sambandha meM IsA pUrva se lekara IsA kI pandrahavIM zatI taka likhita vibhitra granthoM meM jo bhI ullekha prApta hote haiM, unameM itanA mata vaibhitrya hai ki sAmAnya pAThaka kisI samIcIna niSkarSa para pahu~ca nahIM pAtA hai| bhadrabAhu ke caritra lekhakoM ne unake sambandha meM jo kucha likhA hai, vaha anuzrutiyoM evaM svaira kalpanAoM kA aisA mizraNa hai, jisameM se satya ko khoja pAnA eka kaThina samasyA hai| Arya bhadra yA bhadrabAhu nAmaka vividha AcAryoM ke sambandha meM jo kucha anuzruti se prApta huA, use caturdaza pUrvadhara aura dvAdazAMgI ke jJAtA zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ke saptama paTTadhara aura digambara paramparA ke anusAra aSTama paTTadhara carama zrutakevalI Arya bhadrabAhu ke sAtha jor3a diyA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki unake jIvanavRtta aura kRtitva ke sambandha meM eka bhramapUrNa sthiti banI huI hai aura aneka paravartI ghaTanAkrama aura kRtiyA~ unake nAma ke sAtha jur3a gaI haiN| jJAtavya hai ki zvetAmbara aura digambara paramparAoM meM Arya bhadrabAhu athavA Aryabhadra nAmaka aneka AcArya hue haiN| paravartI lekhakoM ne nAma sAmya ke AdhAra para unake jIvana ke ghaTanAkramoM aura kRtitva ko bhI carama zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu ke sAtha jor3a diyaa| mAtra yahI nahIM, kahIM-kahIM to apanI sAmpradAyika mAnyatAoM ko paripuSTa karane ke liye sva kalpanA se prasUta aMza bhI unake jIvanavRtta ke sAtha milA diye gaye haiN| isa sambandha meM AcArya hastImala jI ne apane grantha 'jaina dharma kA maulika itihAsa' bhAga 2, pRSTha 327 para jo kucha likhA hai, vaha niSpakSa evaM tulanAtmaka dRSTi se itihAsa ke zodhArthiyoM ke liye vicAraNIya hai| ve likhate haiM- "bhadrabAha ke jIvana-caritraviSayaka donoM paramparAoM ke granthoM kA samIcInatayA adhyayana karane se eka bar3A Azcaryajanaka tathya prakaTa hotA hai ki na zvetAmbara paramparA ke granthoM meM AcArya bhadrabAhu ke jIvana caritra ke sambandha meM mataikya hai aura na digambara paramparA ke granthoM meM hii| bhadrabAha ke jIvana sambandhI donoM paramparAoM

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* ke vibhinna granthoM ko par3hane se eka niSpakSa vyakti ko spaSTa rUpa se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki sambhavataH donoM paramparAoM ke aneka granthoM meM bhadrabAhu nAma vAle do-tIna AcAryoM ke jIvana caritroM kI ghaTanAoM ko gaDDamaDDa karake antima caturdaza pUrvadhara AcArya bhadrabAhu ke jIvana caritra ke sAtha jor3a diyA gayA hai| pazcAdvartI AcAryoM dvArA likhe gaye kucha granthoM kA, unase pUrvavartI AcAryoM dvArA likhita granthoM ke sAtha tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane para spaSTarUpeNa AbhAsita hotA hai ki bhadrabAhu ke caritra meM pazcAdvartI AcAryoM ne apanI kalpanAoM ke AdhAra para kucha ghaTanAoM ko jor3A hai| unhoMne aisA apanI mAnyatAoM ke anukUla vAtAvaraNa banAne ke abhiprAya se kiyA athavA aura kisI anya dRSTi se kiyA, yaha nirNaya to tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke pazcAt pAThaka svayaM hI niSpakSa buddhi se kara sakate haiM / " " AcArya bhadrabAhu ke jIvanavRtta evaM unake nAma se pracalita kRtiyoM ke sambandha meM samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se adhyayana karane kA zreya jina pAzcAtya bhAratIyavidyA-vidoM ko jAtA hai unameM prophesara harmana jAkobI prathama haiN| unhoMne sarvaprathama yaha pratipAdita kiyA ki pAina (prAcya) gotrIya zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu ko niyuktiyoM kA karttA mAnanA bhrAnti hai, kyoMki niyuktiyA~ vIra nirvANa saMvat 584 se 609 ke bIca racita haiM jabaki zrutakevalI AcArya bhadrabAhu to vIra nirvANa saMvat 162 (digambara mAnyatA) athavA vIra nirvANa saMvat 170 ( zvetAmbara mAnyatA) meM svargastha ho cuke the| isa sambandha meM samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se jina bhAratIya vidvAnoM ne cintana kiyA hai unameM muni zrI puNyavijayajI muni zrI kalyANavijayajI, paM0 sukhalAlajI, paM0 dalasukhabhAI, AcArya hastImala jI, AcArya mahAprajJajI, sAdhvIvaryA saMghamitrAjI Adi pramukha haiM / digambara paramparA ke vidvAn DaoN0 rAjArAma jI ne bhI raidhUkRta bhadrabAhu caritra (pandrahavIM zatI) kI bhUmikA meM samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se vicAra kiyA hai, phira bhI unhoMne apanI dRSTi ko digambara srotoM ko prAmANika mAnate hue unhIM para vizeSa rUpa se kendrita rakhA hai, jabaki AcArya hastImala jI, munizrI kalyANavijayajI aura sAdhvI saMghamitrAjI ne donoM paramparA ke mUlasrotoM kA adhyayana kara apanA samIkSAtmaka cintana prastuta kiyA hai| " vizeSa rUpa se niyuktiyoM ke karttA ke prazna ko lekara pro0 harmana jAkobI, muni puNyavijaya jI, AcArya hastImalajI, AcArya mahAprajJa jI, samaNI kusumaprajJA jI evaM svayaM maiMne bhI samIkSAtmaka vivecana prastuta kiye haiM, inameM samaNI kusumaprajJAjI ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI isa sambandha meM ekamata haiM ki niyuktiyA~ prAcya gotrIya AcArya bhadrabAhu kI kRtiyA~ nahIM haiM / kintu ve kisakI kRtiyA~ haiM isa sambandha meM ina sabhI ke bIca bhI matavaibhinya hai| isakI vistRta carcA hama Age bhadrabAhu ke kRtitva ke sambandha meM vicAra karate samaya kreNge|

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AcArya bhadrabAhu kA jIvanavRtta zratakevalI AcArya bhadrabAha prathama ke dIkSA paryAya ke pUrva ke jIvana-vRtta ke sambandha meM prAcIna Agamika pramANa prAya: anupalabdha haiN| kalpasUtra evaM nandIsUtra kI sthavirAvalI meM unakA jo nirdeza milatA hai, usameM kalpasUtra meM unake guru ke rUpa meM yazobhadra kA, ziSyoM ke rUpa meM godAsa, agnidatta, jinadatta aura somadatta kA ullekha hai| sAtha hI bhadrabAhu ke ziSya godAsa se godAsagaNa prArambha hone aura usakI tAmraliptikA, koTivarSIyA, pauNDravarddhanikA aura dAsIkharbaTikA nAmaka cAra zAkhAe~ hone kA nirdeza hai| yahA~ unake gRhI jIvana se sambandhita do hI tathya upalabdha hote haiM- eka to yaha ki unakA gotra pAina thA, kyoMki kalpasUtra, nandIsUtra aura dazAzrutaskandhaniyukti tInoM meM hI unake gotra ko 'pAina' kahA gayA hai| isa ullekha kI prAmANikatA ke sambandha meM koI bhI zaMkA nahIM kI jA sakatI hai kyoMki upalabdha sUcanAoM meM ye nirdeza prAcInatama aura sabhI IsA kI pAMcavIM zatI ke pUrva ke haiM phira bhI 'pAinna' kA jo artha pUrvavartI aura paravartI AcAryoM evaM vidvAnoM ne kiyA hai vaha mujhe samucita pratIta nahIM hotA hai| prAya: sabhI ne isakA saMskRta rUpAntaraNa 'prAcIna' mAnA hai jisakA artha purAtana hotA hai aura isI AdhAra para AcArya hastImala jI ne to yaha siddha karane kA bhI prayatna kiyA hai ki "kisI paravartI bhadrabAhu kI apekSA pUrvavartI hone se unheM prAcIna kahA gayA hai|" kintu merI dRSTi meM pAinna' kA artha paurvAtya arthAt prAcI yA pUrva dizA kA nivAsI karanA caahiye| madhyapradeza ke brAhmaNoM meM Aja bhI audIcya nAmaka eka varga hai jo apane ko pUrva dizA se AyA huA mAnatA hai| sarayUpArI, puravaiyAM Adi bhI paurvAtya brAhmaNa jAtiyA~ haiM isase yaha bhI phalita hotA hai- bhadrabAhu bhArata ke athavA bihAra ke pUrvIya pradeza baMgAla ke nivAsI the| unakI ziSya paramparA meM koTivarSIyA, pauNDavardhanikA aura tAmraliptikA Adi jo zAkhAe~ banI haiM ve unhIM nagaroM ke nAma para haiM, jo baMgAla meM vizeSa rUpa se usake pUrvI bhAga meM sthita the, ata: bhadrabAhu ke pAinnaM nAmaka gotra kA phalitArtha yaha hai ki ve paurvAtya brAhmaNa the| ___bhadrabAhu ke janma-sthAna ko lekara unase sambandhita paravartI kathAnakoM meM vaividhya evaM visaMvAda kI sthiti hai| kalpasUtra, nandIsUtra, dazAzrutaskaMdha kI niyukti, tityogAlIpainnA, gacchAcArapainnA Adi prAcIna stara ke zvetAmbara granthoM meM unake janma sthAna kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| paravartI zvetAmbara granthoM-- gacchAcAra kI doghaTTIvRtti aura prabandhakoza' meM unheM pratiSThAnapura (vartamAna paiThana, mahArASTra) kA nivAsI batAyA hai| prabandhacintAmaNi meM yadyapi bhadrabAha ke nivAsa sthAna kA to koI ullekha nahIM haikintu unake tathAkathita bhAI varAhamihira ko pATaliputra kA nivAsI kahA gayA hai| jJAtavya hai ki pratiSThAnapura jahA~ dakSiNa mahArASTra meM hai, vahA~ pATalIputra (paTanA) uttara bihAra meM hai isa prakAra janma sthAna ko lekara zvetAmbara srotoM meM vipratipatti hai| digambara

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paramparA ke grantha bhAvasaMgraha meM unheM ujjaina ke sAtha jor3A gayA hai| punnATasaMghIya yApanIya hariSeNa ne apane grantha bRhatkathAkoSa (I. 932) meM bhadrabAhu ke jIvanavRtta kA ullekha kiyA hai-- unake anusAra prAcIna kAla meM puNDravardhana rAjya ke koTipura nagara meM (devakoTTa) meM rAjapurohita somazarmA kI dharmapatnI somazrI kI kukSi se bhadrabAhu kA janma huaa| kintu unhoMne bhI isa koTipura ko urjayanta parvata (giranAra) ke mArga meM kahIM gujarAta meM sthita mAna liyA hai- jo bhrAnti hai| vastuta: yaha koTipura na hokara koTivarSa thA, jo baMgAla meM puNDavardhana ke samIpa sthita rahA hogaa| koTivarSa ke bhadrabAhu ke janma sthAna hone kI sambhAvanA hameM satya ke nikaTa pratIta hotI hai, kyoMki AgamoM meM bhadrabAhu ke ziSya godAsa se prArambha hue godAsagaNa kI do zAkhAoM kA nAma koTivarSIyA aura pauNDravardhanikA ke rUpa meM ullikhita hai| ratnanaMdI ne apane bhadrabAhukathAnaka meM janma-sthAna aura mAtA-pitA ke nAma Adi ke sambandha meM prAya: hariSeNa kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai| raidhU ne apane bhadrabAhukathAnaka meM mAtA-pitA aura rAjA Adi ke nAma to vahI rakhe kintu koTipura ko kauttukapura (kautukapura) kara diyA hai| janma-sthala evaM nivAsa kSetra ke ina samasta ullekhoM kI samIkSA karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vastuta: pAinna gotrIya zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kA janma-sthala pauNDravardhana deza kA koTivarSa nagara hI rahA hai, kintu hariSeNa ne use jo gujarAta meM sthita mAnA, vaha bhrAntipUrNa hai| vastutaH yaha nagara baMgadeza ke uttara-pUrva meM aura campA (Adhunika bhAgalapura) se dakSiNa-pUrva meM lagabhaga 100 kilomITara kI dUrI para sthita thaa| zvetAmbara AcAryoM ne prabandhakoza Adi meM jo use pratiSThAnapura se samIkRta kiyA hai, vaha bhI bhrAnta hai| usakA sambandha naimittika bhadrabAhu, jo varAhamihira ke bhAI the, se to ho sakatA hai, kintu zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu se nahIM ho sakatA hai| jahA~ taka bhadrabAhu ke vicaraNa kSetra kA prazna hai- zvetAmbara paramparA ke anusAra unakA vicaraNa kSetra uttara meM nepAla ke tarAI pradeza se lekara dakSiNa baMgAla ke tAmralipti taka pratIta hotA hai| unake dvArA 12 varSa taka nepAla kI tarAI meM sAdhanA karane kA ullekha titthogAlIpainnA (tIrthodgAlika prakIrNaka-lagabhaga 5vIM-6ThI zatI) evaM Avazyaka cUrNI (7vIM zatI) Adi aneka zvetAmbara srotoM meM prApta hotA hai| yadyapi digambara srotoM se isa sambandha meM koI saGketa upalabdha nahIM hotA hai, phira bhI isakI prAmANikatA sandehAspada nahIM lagatI hai| ___ jahA~ taka unakI dakSiNa yAtrA kA prazna hai-- isa sambandha meM zvetAmbara srota prAya: mauna haiM, digambara srotoM meM bhI aneka vipratipattiyA~ haiN| bhAvasaMgraha meM AcArya vimalasena ke ziSya devasena ne zvetAmbara mata kI utpatti ke prasaGga meM nimittazAstra ke pAragAmI AcArya bhadrabAhu dvArA ujjayinI meM bArahavarSIya duSkAla kI bhaviSyavANI kA ullekha kiyA hai,

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jisake pariNAmasvarUpa aneka gaNanAyakoM ne apane-apane ziSyoM ke sAtha vibhinna pradezoM meM vihAra kiyaa| zAnti nAmaka AcArya saurASTra deza ke vallabhI nagara pahu~ce-- jahA~ vikrama kI mRtya ke 136 varSa pazcAt zvetAmbara saMgha kI utpatti hii| 11 isa prakAra isa kathAnaka meM bhadrabAhu ke dakSiNa deza meM bihAra kA aura candragupta kI dIkSA kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| puna: isameM jina naimittika bhadrabAhu kA ullekha hai unakA sattA kAla vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI mAna liyA gayA hai jo bhrAnta pratIta hotA hai| AcArya hariSeNa ke bRhatkathAkoza meM bhadrabAhu dvArA bAraha varSIya duSkAla kI bhaviSyavANI karane, ujjayinI ke rAjA candragupta dvArA dIkSA grahaNa kara bhadrabAhu se dasa pUrvo kA adhyayana karane tathA vizAkhAcArya ke nAma se dakSiNApatha ke putrATa deza (karnATaka) jAne aura rAmilla, sthUlAcArya aura sthUlibhadra ke sindhu-sauvIra deza jAne kA nirdeza kiyA hai, kintu unhoMne AcArya bhadrabAhu dvArA ujjayinI ke samIpavartI bhAdrapada deza (sambhavata: vartamAna mandasaura kA samIpavartI pradeza) meM anazana karane kA ullekha kiyA hai|12 isa prakAra na kevala zvetAmbara srotoM meM apita hariSeNa ke bRhatkathAkoza, 13 zrIcandra ke apabhraMza bhASA ke grantha kahAkosu (vi. 12vIM zatI) aura devasena ke bhAvasaMgraha meM bhI bhadrabAhu ke dakSiNa deza jAne kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| bRhatkathAkoza Adi meM unake ziSya vizAkhAcArya ke dakSiNa deza meM jAne kA ullekha hai,14 kintu svayaM unakA nhiiN| unake svayaM dakSiNa deza meM jAne ke jo ullekha milate haiM ve rAmacandra mumukSu ke puNyAsravakathAkoza5 (12vIM zatI), raidhU ke bhadrabAhukathAnaka 16 (15vIM zatI) aura ratnanaMdI ke bhadrabAhucaritra(16vIM zatI) ke haiN| inameM bhI jahA~ puNyAsravakathAkoza meM unake magadha se dakSiNa jAne kA ullekha hai, vahI ratnanaMdI ke bhadrabAhucaritra meM avantikA se dakSiNa jAne kA ullekha hai| ina vipratipattiyoM ko dekhate hue aisA lagatA hai ki ye kathAnaka 10vIM se 16vIM zatI ke madhya racita hone se paryApta rUpa se paravartI haiM aura anuzrutiyoM yA lekhaka kI nijI kalpanA para AdhArita hone se kAlpanika hI adhika lagate haiN| yadyapi DaoN0 rAjarAmajI ne isakA samAdhAna karate hue yaha likhA hai ki 'yaha bahuta sambhava hai ki AcArya bhadrabAhu apane vihAra meM magadha se duSkAla prArambha hone ke kucha dina pUrva cale hoM aura ucchakalpa (vartamAna-uceharA, jo uccairnAgara zAkhA kA utpatti sthala bhI hai) hote hue ujjayinI aura phira vahA~ se dakSiNa kI ora svayaM gaye hoM yA svayaM vahA~ rukakara apane sAdhu-santoM ko dakSiNa kI ora jAne kA Adeza diyA ho|8 kintu merI dRSTi meM jaba magadha se pUrvI samudrItaTa se tAmralipti hote hue dakSiNa jAne kA sIdhA mArga thA to phira duSkAlayukta madhya deza se ujjayinI hokara dakSiNa jAne kA kyA aucitya thA?, yaha samajha meM nahIM aataa| merI dRSTi meM ina kathAnakoM meM sambhAvita satya yahI hai ki cAhe duSkAla kI paristhiti meM bhadrabAhu ne apane muni saMgha ko dakSiNa meM bhejA ho kintu ve svayaM to magadha meM yA

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nepAla kI tarAI meM hI sthita rhe| kyoMki vahA~ unakI dhyAna sAdhanA ke jo nirdeza haiM ve titthogAlI19 (lagabhaga 5vIM zatI) aura cUrNi sAhitya (lagabhaga 7vIM zatI) ke hone se ina kathAnakoM kI apekSA na kevala prAcIna haiM, apitu prAmANika bhI lagate haiN| punaH dhyAna sAdhanA kA yaha ullekha bAraha varSIya duSkAla ke pazcAt pATaliputra kI sthUlibhadra kI vAcanA ke samaya kA hai, ata: zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke dakSiNa jAne ke ullekha prAmANika nahIM haiN| isameM satyAMza kevala itanA hI pratIta hotA hai ki bhadrabAha to apanI vRddhAvasthA ke kAraNa uttara bhArata ke magadha evaM tarAI pradeza meM sthita rahe, kintu unhoMne apane ziSya parivAra ko avazya dakSiNa meM bhejA thaa| nirgrantha munisaMgha kI laMkA evaM tamila pradeza meM I.pU. meM upasthiti ke abhilekhIya evaM bauddha sAhitya ke saMketa bhI isa tathya kI puSTi karate haiN|21 punaH vaDDamANu (Andhra pradeza) meM huI khudAI meM godAsagaNa kA abhilekhIya sAkSya22 bhI isa tathya kI puSTi avazya karatA hai ki bhadrabAhu kI ziSya paramparA yA to tAmralipti se jalamArga dvArA yA phira baMgAla aura ur3IsA ke sthalamArga se Andhrapradeza hokara laMkA evaM tamilanADu pahuMcI thii| yahA~ isI prasaMga meM zravaNabelagolA sthita candragiri parvata evaM pArzvanAtha vasati ke abhilekhoM kI prAmANikatA kI carcA karanA bhI apekSita hai| zravaNabelagolA ke candragiri parvata para zaka saMvat 572 arthAt vikrama saMvat 707 IsvI san 650 kA zilAlekha hai| usameM bhadrabAhu aura candragupta ke ullekha haiN| jahA~ taka candragiri ke abhilekha kA prazna hai, usameM na to bhadrabAha ko zrutakevalI kahA hai aura na candragupta ko mauryvNshiiy| ata: yaha prazna svAbhAvika rUpa se utpanna hotA hai ki isameM ullekhita bhadrabAhu ko zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura candragupta ko candragupta maurya mAnA jAye yA bhadrabAhu ko varAhamihira ke bhAI bhadrabAhu aura candragupta ko candragupta nAmaka koI guptavaMzIya rAjA mAnA jaaye| pArzvanAthavasati ke isase bhI 50 varSa pUrva zaka saMvat 533 yA I0 san 600 ke eka abhilekha meM spaSTa rUpa se zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura naimittika bhadrabAhu aise do bhadrabAha kA ullekha hai| 24 isameM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke pazcAt vizAkha Adi sAta AcAryoM kA ullekha karake phira guru paramparA ke krama se bhadrabAhu svAmI kA ullekha hai aura unake Adeza se sarvasaMdha kA ujjaina se dakSiNa patha jAne kA nirdeza hai- isase aisA pratIta hotA hai, ye bhadrabAhu varAhamihira ke bhAI naimittika bhadrabAhu hoNge| varAhamihira ke paMcasiddhAntikA nAmaka grantha kI prazasti ke AdhAra para unakA kAla zaka saMvat 437 / I0 san 505 / vikrama saM. 562 siddha hotA hai 25 ata: ye abhilekhIya ullekha naimittika bhadrabAha se sambandhita ho sakate haiM aura isameM ullekhita candragupta, candragupta

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maurya na hokara candragupta nAmaka koI anya rAjA hogaa| abhilekhoM evaM naimittika bhadrabAhu kI kAlika samAnatA bhI isakA pramANa hai| jJAtavya hai ki raidhU ne apane bhadrabAhucaritra meM jisa candragupta ke bhadrabAhu se dIkSita hone kI bAta kahI hai use candragupta maurya na mAnakara usake pautra azoka kA pautra batAyA hai| 26 kucha digambara vidvAnoM ne isakI pahacAna samprati se kI hai, kintu na to samprati kA nAma candragupta thA-- aisA koI pramANa milatA hai aura na zrutakevalI bhadrabAha se azoka ke pautra candragupta kI samakAlikatA hI siddha hotI hai| ata: isa kathAnaka meM svaira kavi-kalpanA hI adhika parilakSita hotI hai| zvetAmbara prabandhoM meM bhI naimittika bhadrabAhu ko pratiSThAnapura (paiThaNa-dakSiNa mahArASTra) kA nivAsI mAnA gayA hai| ata: inakA sambandha dakSiNa meM karnATaka kI yAtrA se ho sakatA hai| punaH zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sambandha meM ye abhilekha isaliye bhI prAmANika nahIM lagate haiM ki ye unake svargavAsa se eka hajAra varSa bAda ke haiM, ata: zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sambandha meM inakI prAmANikatA eka anuzruti se adhika nahIM mAnI jA sakatI hai| hA~, yadi ye naimittika bhadrabAha se sambandhita haiM to inakI prAmANikatA evaM vizvasanIyatA kAphI bar3ha jAtI hai kyoMki donoM ke kAla meM mAtra 150 varSa kA antara hai| isa carcA se yaha bhI jJAta ho jAtA hai ki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura naimittika bhadrabAhu meM lagabhaga 800 varSoM kA lambA antarAla hai| zvetAmbara paramparA ke granthoM meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke kAryoM meM unake dvArA mahAprANa nAmaka dhyAna kI sAdhanA karane evaM sthUlibhadra ko 14 pUrvo kI vAcanA dene kI sampUrNa ghaTanA kA vivaraNa Avazyakaniyukti (lagabhaga 3rI zatI) evaM titthogAlIpaiNNA" (tIrthodgAlika prakIrNaka--lagabhaga 5vIM zatI) meM milatA hai| saMkSepa meM, dvAdazavarSIya duSkAla ke bAda zramaNa saMgha pATalIputra meM ekatrita huaa| aMga sAhitya ko vyavasthita karane hetu AgamoM kI isa prathama vAcanA kA Ayojana huA- usameM gyAraha aMgoM kA puna: saMkalana kiyA gayA kintu dRSTivAda evaM pUrvo kA saMkalana nahIM ho sakA, kyoMki usa vAcanA meM inako sampUrNa rUpa se jAnane vAlA koI bhI zramaNa upasthita nahIM thaa| usa samaya dRSTivAda aura 14 pUrvo ke sampUrNa jJAtA mAtra bhadrabAhu hI the jo nepAla meM mahAprANa dhyAna kI sAdhanA kara rahe the| zramaNa saMgha ke pratinidhi ke rUpa meM kucha muni pATalIpattana (paTanA) se nepAla kI tarAI meM gaye aura unase vAcanA dene kI prArthanA kI, bhadrabAhu ne apanI dhyAna sAdhanA meM vighna rUpa mAnakara vAcanA dene se inkAra kara diyaa| vAcanA dene se inkAra karane para saMgha dvArA bahiSkRta karane/sambhoga viccheda rUpa daNDa kA nirdeza dene ke kAraNa ve puna: vAcanA dene meM sahamata hote haiN| sthUlibhadra ke sAtha kucha muni vAcanA lene jAte haiM, prArambha meM vAcanA maMthara gati se calatI hai| sthUlibhadra ko chor3akara zeSa muni saMgha nirAza hokara lauTa AtA hai| sthUlibhadra kI dasa pUrvo kI

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vAcanA kI pUrNatA para yakSA Adi unakI bahanoM kA AnA-unake dvArA siMha kA rUpa banAnA-unake isa vyavahAra se khinna hokara bhadrabAhu kA vAcanA dene se iMkAra karanA, atyadhika vinaya karane para, zeSa cAra pUrvo kI zabda rUpa se vAcanA denA-- Adi kucha ghaTanAyeM varNita haiM, jinakI sUcanA aneka zvetAmbara srotoM meM prAya: samAna rUpa se prApta hotI hai| kintu ye sabhI strota bhI IsA kI tIsarI-cauthI sadI se pUrva ke nahIM haiM arthAt pA~ca sau varSoM ke pazcAta lipibaddha hae haiN| phira bhI sthUlibhadra ke siMha rUpa kI vikurvaNA ke atirikta isameM aisA kucha bhI nahIM hai, jinakI prAmANikatA para prazna cihna lagAyA jA ske| isa sampUrNa vivaraNa se jo mukhya bAteM ubhara kara sAmane AtI haiM, ve nimna haiM- vAcanA ke samaya bhadrabAhu apanI vRddhAvasthA ke kAraNa apanI vaiyaktika sAdhanA ko hI mahattvapUrNa mAnakara anupasthita rhe| ho sakatA hai ki saMghIya kAryoM ke prati unakI isa anyamanaskatA ke kucha anya bhI kAraNa ho| sthUlibhadra bhI unheM apane vyavahAra se pUrNa santuSTa nahIM kara sake, phalata: unheM dI jAne vAlI vAcanA bhI madhya meM 10 pUrvo ke bAda roka dI gii| jJAtavya hai ki digambara srotoM meM isa Agama-vAcanA kA koI nirdeza nahIM hai| isake sthAna para digambara srota AcAra ke praznoM para, vizeSa rUpa se vastra-pAtra-kambala sambandhI vivAda ke AdhAra para zvetAmbara aura yApanIya paramparAoM ke udbhava kI bAta karate haiN| yadyapi isa sambandha meM digambara srotoM meM jo vipratipattiyA~ haiM usakI carcA to maiM bAda meM karUMgA kintu itanA dRr3hatApUrvaka kahA jA sakatA hai ki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke kAla meM zvetAmbara, digambara aura yApanIya sampradAyoM ke rUpa meM spaSTa saMgha-bheda nahIM huA thA- kyoMki zvetAmbara (zvetapaTTa), digambara (nirgrantha), yApanIya evaM kUrcaka Adi sampradAyoM ke astitva sambandhI jo bhI sAhityika evaM abhilekhIya pramANa milate haiM, ve sabhI IsA kI caturtha evaM paMcama zatAbdI se hI milate haiN| sAhityika srotoM meM sarvaprathama vimalasUri ke 'paumacariyaM' meM siyambara/siyambarA zabda milatA hai| 28 isameM sItA ko dIkSita avasthA meM siyambarA aura eka anya prasaMga meM eka muni ko siyambara kahA gayA hai| yaha mAtra eka vizeSaNa hai yA sampradAya bheda kA sUcaka hai, yaha nirNaya kara pAnA kaThina hai| sampradAya bheda ke rUpa meM ina zabdoM kA sarvaprathama prayoga halsI (dhAravAr3a-uttarI karNATaka) ke abhilekha meM milatA hai, 29 jo IsA kI pA~cavI zatI kA hai| isa abhilekha meM nirgrantha, zvetapaTTa, yApanIya, kUrcaka aise cAra jaina sampradAyoM kA ullekha hai| isase aisA pratIta hotA hai ki spaSTa saMgha bheda IsA kI pAMcavI zatI kI ghaTanA hai jisakA sambandha cAhe kisI rUpa meM naimittika bhadrabAhu se to ho sakatA hai kintu zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu se kadApi nahIM hai| isakA yaha artha bhI nahIM hai ki digambara srotoM meM jo vastra-pAtra vivAda kI sUcanA hai, vaha pUrNata: ni:ssAra hai| digambara paramparA ke bhadrabAhu sambandhI kathAnakoM meM saMgha bheda sambandhI jo ghaTanAkrama varNita haiM usameM kitanA satyAMza hai, yaha samajhane ke liye pahale inakI samIkSA kara lenI hogii|

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digambaroM ke mAnya sAhitya meM yativRSabha kI tiloyapaNNati (5-6 zatI) meM bhadrabAhu kA nirdeza to hai,3deg kintu usameM aisA koI ullekha nahIM hai, jo yaha batAtA ho ki zvetAmbara evaM yApanIya paramparAoM kI utpatti kaise huI? sarvaprathama hariSeNa ke bRhatkathAkoza (dasavI zatI) meM evaM vimalasena ke ziSya devasena ke bhAvasaMgraha (lagabhaga dasavIM zatI) meM zvetAmbara mata kI utpatti kI kathA ko bhadrabAhu ke kathAnaka ke sAtha jor3a diyA gayA hai,31 kintu isameM kAla sambandhI visaMgati spaSTa rUpa se parilakSita hotI hai| eka ora isameM bhadrabAha ke ziSya zAntyAcArya ke dvAdazavarSIya duSkAla meM vallabhI jAne aura vahA~ jAkara kambala, pAtra, daNDa evaM zveta vastra grahaNa karane kA nirdeza hai| sAtha hI isa kathA meM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki sakAla hone para zAntyAcArya dvArA vasvAdi ke tyAga kA nirdeza dene para unake ziSya (jinacandra) ne unako mAra ddaalaa| usake bAda vaha zAntyAcArya vyaMtara yoni meM utpanna hokara ziSyoM ko pIr3A dene lgaa| ziSyoM dvArA unakI pratidina pUjA (zAnti snAtra) karane aura kASThapaTTikA para aMkita unake caraNa sadA sAtha rakhane kA vacana dene para vaha vyantara zAnta huA aura isa prakAra zvetAmbaroM kA kuladeva bana gyaa| isameM isa ghaTanA kA samaya vikrama kI mRtyu ke 136 varSa bAda arthAt vIra nirvANa saMvat 606 batAyA hai| jabaki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kA svargavAsa to vIra nirvANa saMvata 162 meM ho gayA thaa| isa prakAra yaha kathAnaka na to zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke samaya se saMgati rakhatA hai aura na naimittika bhadrabAhu ke samaya se kyoMki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu to usake 460 varSa pUrva hI svargastha ho cuke the aura naimittika bhadrabAhu isa ghaTanA ke lagabhaga 400 varSa bAda hue haiM ataH yaha kathAnaka pUrI taraha kAlpanika hai| isameM satyAMza mAtra yaha hai ki vastra-pAtra sambandhI yaha vivAda Aryabhadragupta ke guru zivabhUti aura AryakRSNa ke bIca vIra nirvANa saMvat 606 yA 609 meM hI huA thA kyoMki isakI puSTi zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI sAhityika srotoM se ho jAtI hai| ina zivabhUti ke eka ziSya pUrvadhara bhadragupta the ata: nAma sAmya kA sahArA lekara ise bhadrabAhu ke sAtha jor3a diyA gyaa| puna: isameM bhadrabAhu ke nAma ke sAtha zrutakevalI kA abhAva aura unake avantikA meM hone kA ullekha bhI acelatA ke pakSadhara zivabhUti ke ziSya bhadragupta se hI saMgati rakhate haiN| jJAtavya hai ki ina bhadragupta se AryarakSita ne na kevala pUrvo kA jJAna prApta kiyA thA apit unakA samAdhimaraNa/niryApanA bhI karavAI thii| yaha niryApanA bhI avantI ke samIpavartI bhAdrapada deza meM huI thii| AryarakSita bhI svayaM dazArNapura (vartamAna mandasaura) ke nivAsI the| isa prakAra yahA~ pUrvadhara Arya bhadragupta ke kathAnaka ko zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu se jor3ane kA asaphala prayAsa huA hai| yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki Arya bhadragupta aura AryarakSita ke samaya taka jinakalpa kA pracalana thaa| yadyapi acelakatA ke samarthaka jinakalpa ke sAtha-sAtha pAtra, kambala Adi ke grahaNa ke rUpa meM sthavira kalpa bhI pracalita

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thaa| AryarakSita ne eka ora varSAkAla meM atirikta pAtra kI anumati dI thI, vahIM dUsarI ora apane pitA ko nagnatA grahaNa karavAne hetu kuzalatApUrvaka eka yukti bhI racI thii|32 isI kAla kI mathurA kI jinamUrtiyoM ke pAdapITha para jo muniyoM ke aMkana haiM ve bhI ise puSTa karate haiN| kyoMki unameM nagna muni ke aMkana ke sAtha kambala, mukhavastrikA evaM jholI sahita pAtra pradarzita hai| (ina aMkanoM ke citra jaina dharma kA yApanIya sampradAya nAmaka grantha ke anta meM pradarzita haiM aura ye mUrtiyA~ aura pAdapITha lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM upalabdha hai)| __ isake pazcAt digambara paramparA meM hariSeNa ke bRhatkathAkoza meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke kathAnaka ke sAtha ardha sphAlaka evaM zvetAmbara paramparA kI utpatti ke kathAnaka upalabdha hote haiN| antara yaha hai ki jahA~ devasena ne isa ghaTanA ko vIra nirvANa saM0 606 meM ghaTita batAyA, vahA~ hariSeNa ne spaSTata: ise zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu se jor3akara I0pU0 tIsarI zatI meM btaayaa| mAtra yahI nahIM, unhoMne isameM devasena dvArA ullekhita zAntyAcArya ke sthAna para rAmilla, sthUlavRddha (sthUlAcArya) aura sthUlibhadra aise tIna anya AcAryoM ke nAma diye haiN|33 inameM sthUlibhadra ke nAma kI puSTi to zvetAmbara srotoM se hotI hai kintu rAmilla aura sthUlavRddha kauna the usakI puSTi anya kisI bhI srota se nahIM hotI hai| isameM sthUlibhadra ko bhI eka sthAna para chor3akara anyatra bhadrAcArya kahA gayA hai| eka vizeSa bAta isa kathAnaka meM yaha hai ki isameM ardhasphAlakoM se zvetAmbaroM kI utpatti batAI hai| ise kambala tIrtha bhI kahA gayA hai aura kathAnaka ke anta meM kambalatIrtha se sAvalIpattana meM yApanIya saMgha kI utpatti dikhAI hai| jabaki aitihAsika dRSTi se satya yaha hai ki bhadrabAha ke kAla meM jo munisaMgha dakSiNa meM calA gayA use vahA~ ke jalavAyu ke kAraNa nagna rahane meM vizeSa kaThinAI nahIM huI kintu jo munisaMgha uttara meM rahA use uttara-pazcima meM jalavAyu kI pratikUlatA ke kAraNa nagna rahate hue bhI kambala evaM pAtrAdi svIkAra karanA par3e tathA isI kAraNa jinakalpa evaM sthavirakalpa kA vikAsa huaa| ise utsarga evaM apavAda mArga bhI kaha sakate haiN| zivabhUti aura AryakRSNa ke vivAda ke pazcAt IsA kI dUsarI zatI meM do varga bne| eka varga ne pUrva meM gRhIta kambala aura pAtra ko yathAvata rakhA- isase hI kAlAntara meM vartamAna zvetAmbara saMgha kA vikAsa huA aura dUsarA varga jisane kambala aura pAtra kA tyAga karake uttara bhArata meM puna: acelakatva aura pANIpAtra kI pratiSThA kI thI aura jise zvetAmbaroM ne boTika kahA thaa| vahI Age calakara dakSiNa meM pahale mUlagaNa yA malasaMgha ke nAma se aura phira yApanIya saMgha ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| jJAtavya hai ki isa sambandha meM vistRta sapramANa carcA maiMne jaina dharma kA yApanIya sampradAya nAmaka apane grantha meM kI hai| icchuka vyakti use vahA~ dekha sakate haiN| 34

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11 jJAtavya hai ki raidhU ne apane bhadrabAhucaritra meM kambala dhAraka ardha nagna muniyoM se zvetAmbara paramparA kA udbhava dikhAyA, vaha to ThIka hai kintu unhoMne zvetAmbaroM se yApanIyoM kI utpatti dikhAI, vaha yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| kyoMki zvetAmbara aura yApanIya donoM kA vikAsa uttara bhArata kI sthavirakalpI muniyoM kI paramparA se huA hai, jo nagna rahate hue bhI kambala, pAtra evaM mukhavastrikA rakhate the| lagabhaga 15vIM zatI meM raidhU ne aura solahavIM zatI meM ratnanaMdI ne jo bhadrabAhu caritra race unameM pUrva kI anuzrutiyoM meM svaira kalpanA se bhI naI-naI bAteM jor3a dI haiN| jaise- muniyoM dvArA rAtri meM bhikSA lAkara dina meM khAnA, bhikhAriyoM dvArA muni kA peTa cIrakara usameM se anna nikAlakara khA jAnA, rAtri meM bhikSArtha Aye nagna muni ko dekhakara strI kA garbhapAta ho jAnA, sthUlavRddha ke ziSyoM dvArA unakI hatyA karanA, unakA vyantara ke rUpa meM janma honA aura apane una duSTa ziSyoM ko kaSTa denA, ziSyoM dvArA unakI haDDI yA kASTa paTTikA para aMkita caraNa kI pUjA karanA aadi|35 jJAtavya hai ki bhAvasena ne zvetAmbaroM meM pracalita zAnti pATha aura zAnti-snAtra ko dekhakara zAntyAcArya kI kathA gar3hI, to raidhU evaM ratnanaMdI ne zvetAmbaroM meM sthApanAcArya kI paramparA ko dekhakara sthUlAcArya kI yaha kathA gar3hI hai| jJAtavya hai ki sthApanAcArya ke rUpa pA~ca koDiyA yA kASTa paTTikA rakhane kI paramparA zvetAmbaroM meM hai| sthApanAcArya kA ullekha to bhagavatIArAdhanA meM bhI milatA hai| bhadrabAhu ke jIvanavRtta meM vipratipattiyA~ ina kathAnakoM kI svaira kalpanAoM ke jor3ane se na kevala aitihAsika prAmANikatA khaNDita huI apitu inakI pArasparika visaMgatiyA~ bhI bar3hatI giiN| isa sambandha meM maiM apanI ora se kucha na kahakara AcArya hastImala36 jI evaM DaoN0 rAjArAma jI ke mantavyoM ke AdhAra para kucha visaMgatiyoM ko prastuta kara rahA hU~(1) dvAdazavarSIya duSkAla kahA~ par3A isa sambandha meM mataikya nahIM hai| hariSeNa, devasena, evaM ratnanandI ne ujjayinI meM batAyA to raidhU ne use magadha meM kahA aura bhAvasena ne use sindhu-sauvIra deza meM btaayaa| (2) bhadrabAhu dakSiNApatha gaye athavA nahIM isa sambandha meM bhI mataikya nahIM hai| hariSeNa, devasena Adi ne unheM avantI pradeza meM rahane kA ullekha kiyA to raidhU ne unheM pATaliputra se dakSiNa jAne kA saMketa kiyaa| (3) hariSeNa ne candragupta muni ko hI vizAkhAcArya batAyA hai jabaki devasena aura ratnanaMdI ne candragupta muni aura vizAkhAcArya ko alaga-alaga mAnA hai| * (4) zvetAmbara mata kI utpatti ke prasaMga meM jahA~ devasena ne zAntyAcArya ke ziSya

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jinacandra kA ullekha kiyA vahA~ anya sabhI ne sthUlavRddha ke ziSyoM kA ullekha kiyaa| (5) jahA~ devasena ne zvetAmbara mata kI utpatti vikrama saMvat 136 arthAt vIra nirvANa saM0 606 meM mAnI vahA~ anyoM ne use zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha jor3akara use vIra nirvANa saMvat 162 ke pUrva maanaa| (6) bhAvasena ne candragupta ke muni hone kA koI ullekha nahIM kiyA, jabaki anyoM ne unake muni hone kA ullekha kiyA hai| kinturaidhU ne ise candragupta maurya (prathama) ke sthAna para usake pautra azoka kA bhI pautra nirUpita kiyA hai jabaki kAlika dRSTi se zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura isa azoka ke pautra candragupta meM koI saMgati nahIM hai| puna: azoka ke pautra kA nAma candragupta thA isakI aitihAsika AdhAra para koI puSTi nahIM hotI hai| (7) isI prakAra zvetAmbaroM ke utpatti se sambandhita ghaTanAkrama meM pratyeka lekhaka ne apanI svaira kalpanA kA prayoga kiyA hai ata: unameM bhI aneka vipratipattiyA~ dikhAI detI haiM, jinake saMketa pUrva meM kiye gaye haiN| (8) bhadrabAha ke svargavAsa sthala ke sambandha meM bhI ina kathAnakoM meM matabheda hai| kisI ne use bhAdrapada deza mAnA to kisI ne dakSiNApatha kI guhATavI mAnA hai| Azcarya hai ki 16vIM zatI meM hue ratnanaMdI taka kisI ne bhI use zravaNabelagolA nahIM batAyA hai| isa prakAra kI aneka vipratipattiyoM ke kAraNa digambara paramparA meM pracalita bhadrabAhu sambandhI ina kathAnakoM kI aitihAsika prAmANikatA para prazna cihna laga jAtA hai| ata: unameM nihita tathyoM kI aitihAsika dRSTi se gahana samIkSA apekSita hai| digambara paramparA meM varNita bhadrabAhacaritra sambandhI kathAnakoM meM uttarabhArata ke dvAdazavarSIya duSkAla, unake ziSya vizAkhAcArya ke dakSiNa gamana, jinakalpa aura sthavirakalpa ke vibhAjana tathA zvetAmbara evaM yApanIya sampradAyoM ke udbhava ke kathAnaka hI vistAra se varNita haiN| merI dRSTi meM ina sabameM satyAMza itanA hI hai ki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke samaya magadha meM duSkAla athavA rAjanaitika asthiratA kI sthiti rahI hai| phalata: unakI ziSya paramparA ne dakSiNa meM pravAsa kiyA ho- yaha bhI satya hai ki halasI (dhAravAr3a) ke pA~cavI zatI ke abhilekhoM meM zvetapaTTa, yApanIya, kUrcaka evaM nirgrantha sampradAyoM ke jo ullekha haiM unameM nirgrantha sampradAya sambhavataH zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kI ziSya paramparA se sambandhita rahA hai| 38 jabaki yApanIya sampradAya jo kramaza: bhadrAnvaya (tIsarI zatI) evaM mUlasaMgha (caturtha zatI) ke nAmoM se abhihita hotA huA halasI (pA~cavI zatI) meM yApanIya sampradAya ke nAma se hI abhihita huA- usakA sambandha bhI bhadra

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13 nAmaka AcArya se rahA hai| phira ve cAhe zivabhUti ke ziSya aura Arya nakSatra ke guru Aryabhadragupta (I0 dUsarI zatI kA pUrvArdha) hoM athavA unakI ziSya paramparA meM hue gautama gotrIya Aryabhadra (I0 tIsarI kA pUrvArdha), jinake nAma se bhadrAnvaya calA aura jo niyuktiyoM ke kartA haiM tathA jo Arya viSNu ke praziSya Arya kAlaka ke ziSya tathA sthavira vRddha ke guru aura skandila evaM siddhasena divAkara ke praguru rahe haiM ye sabhI yApanIya evaM zvetAmbara donoM ke pUrvaja rahe haiM.- yahI kAraNa hai ki ye dakSiNa bhArata meM vikasita acelakatva kI samarthaka digambara aura yApanIya paramparA meM bhI mAnya rahe haiN| merI dRSTi meM digambara paramparA kI paTTAvalI meM ullekhita Arya nakSatra aura Arya viSNu bhI ve hI haiM jinakA ullekha kalpasUtra evaM nandIsUtra ko sthavirAvalI meM milatA hai| isI prakAra digambara paramparA ke bhadrabAha kathAnakoM meM ullekhita sthUlabhadra, rAmilla aura sthUlavRddha (sthUlAcArya) kisI eka bhadrabAhu se sambandhita na hokara pRthak-pRthak bhadra nAmaka AcAryoM se haiN| sthUlabhadra kA sambandha zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu se rahA haisambhavata: inake dvArA jinakalpa ke sthAna para sthavira kalpa kA vikAsa huA ho| ho sakatA hai ki rAmilla kA sambandha bhadrAnvaya ke saMsthApaka Arya bhadragupta se ho aura ye rAmillAcArya vidizA meM sthApita jinamUrtiyoM meM ullekhita rAmagupta hoM inase hI Age calakara bhadrAnvaya aura yApanIya sampradAya kA vikAsa huA hai| jabaki sthUlavRddha vastutaH sthavira vRddha hoM jinake ziSyoM se vartamAna zvetAmbara paramparA kA vikAsa huaa| jJAtavya hai kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI ke anusAra gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra sthaviravRddha ke guru haiN| isa prakAra ye tInoM bhadra nAmaka tIna alaga-alaga AcAryoM se sambaddha rahe, jinheM zrutakevalI Arya bhadrabAhu kI kathA ke sAtha gaDDa-maDDa kara diyA gayA hai| mujhe aisA lagatA hai ki paravartI digambara AcAryoM ne jo bhadrabAhu kathAnaka taiyAra kiye unameM anuzrutiyoM se prApta ina bhadra nAmaka vibhitra AcAryoM ke kathAnakoM ko Apasa meM milA diyA aura zvetAmbara ko ati nimna starIya yA bhraSTa dikhAne ke liye ghaTanAkramoM kI svaira kalpanA se racanA kara dii| yadi usa yuga ke zvetAmbara muni itane nimna evaM bhraSTa AcaraNa vAle hote to halasI ke usa abhilekha meM (jisameM nirgranthoM evaM zvetAmbaroM kA sAtha-sAtha ullekha huA hai) zvetAmbaroM ke liye- arhatprokta saddharmakaraNaparasTA zvetapaTTamahAzramaNa saMgha jaisI AdarasUcaka zabdAvalI kA prayoga nahIM hotaa| jJAtavya hai ki yaha abhilekha dakSiNa bhArata ke uttarI karnATaka ke usa kSetra kA hai jahA~ nirgrantha digambara sampradAya evaM yApanIya sampradAya adhika prabhAvazAlI thaa| vahA~ rAjA ke dvArA I0 san kI pA~cavI zatI meM zvetAmbaroM ke liye mahAtapasvI jaise zabdoM ke prayoga se yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki usa yuga ke zvetAmbara muni itane AcArahIna nahIM the jaisA ki ina bhadrabAhu caritroM meM unheM citrita kiyA gayA hai|

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14 ___ AcArya hastImalajI ne jaina dharma ke maulika itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 357 para isa tathya para prakAza DAlA hai ki paravartIkAla meM racita digambara paramparA ke ina bhadrabAha caritroM meM kisa prakAra svaira kalpanAoM dvArA dUsare sampradAyoM ko nIcA dikhAne ke liye ghaTanAkrama jor3e jAte rhe| unake anusAra digambara paramparA ke vibhinna granthoM ke adhyayana se yaha tathya sAmane AtA hai ki vibhinna kAloM meM bhadrabAhu nAma ke pA~ca AcArya hue haiN| unhoMne kAlakrama ke anusAra inakA vivaraNa isa prakAra diyA hai| 1. zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu (vIra nirvANa saM0 162 arthAt I0pU0 tIsarI shtii)| 2. 29veM paTTadhara bhadrabAhu (vIra nirvANa saM0 492-515 arthAt IsA kI prathama shtii)| 3. nandisaMgha balAtkAragaNa kI paTTAvalI meM ullekhita bhadrabAha (vIra nirvANa saM0 609-631 arthAt IsA kI dUsarI shtii)| 4. nimitajJa bhadrabAha (IsA kI tIsarI zatI, vIra nirvANa AThavIM-nauvIM shtii)| 5. prathama aMgadhArI bhadrabAhu (vIra nirvANa saMvat 1000 ke pshcaat)| yahA~ ina pA~ca bhadrabAhu nAmaka AcAryoM kI saMgati zvetAmbara paramparA se kaise sambhava hai- yaha vicAra karanA apekSita hai(1) antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu jinakA svargavAsa vIra nirvANa saM0 162 meM huA ye 14 pUrva va 12 aMgoM ke jJAtA the| zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra ye sAtaveM aura digambara paramparAnusAra ye AThaveM paTTadhara the| ye sacela-acela donoM paramparA ko mAnya rahe haiN| inake samaya meM utsarga aura apavAda mArga yA sthavirakalpa aura jinakalpa kI vyavasthAyeM pRthak-pRthak huiiN| ye cheda sUtroM ke kartA haiN| cheda sUtroM meM utsarga aura apavAda mArgoM tathA jinakalpa aura sthavirakalpa kI carcA hai| isase phalita hotA hai ki unake kAla meM vastra-pAtra vyavasthA kA pracalana thaa| punaH yadi bhadrabAhu (prathama) ko uttarAdhyayana kA saMkalanakartA mAnA jAye to usameM bhI chedasUtroM ke tathA sacela-acela paramparAoM ke ullekha haiN| punaH vidvAnoM ne pUrvo ko pApitya paramparA se sambaddha mAnA hai| cUMki chedasUtroM kA AdhAra pUrva the aura pUrva pArthApatya paramparA ke AcAra mArga kA pratipAdana karate the, ata: chedasUtroM meM vastra-pAtra ke ullekha pArzvapatyoM se sambandhita the, jo Age calakara mahAvIra kI paramparA meM mAnya ho gye| inakA kAla I.pU. tIsarI zatI hai| 293 paTTadhara AcArya bhadrabAhu (aparanAma- yazobAhu) jo ATha aMgoM ke jJAtA the, inakA kAla vIra nirvANa saM0.492 se 515 (I0pU0 prathama zatI) mAnA gayA hai| AcArya hastimalajI ke isa ullekha kA AdhAra sambhavata: koI digambara paTTAvalI hogii| harivaMzapurANa meM yazobAhu ko mahAvIra kA 27vA~ paTTadhara batAyA gayA hai| isa kAla meM koI bhadrabAhu yA yazobAhu nAmaka AcArya hue haiM, isakI puSTi zvetAmbara srotoM se nahIM hotI hai|

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(3) nandisaMdha balAtkAra gaNa kI paTTAvalI meM ullekhita vIra nirvANa saM0 609 se 631 ke madhya AcArya pada para rahe hue AcArya bhadrabAhu ke ziSya guptigupta the| AcArya hastImalajI ke anusAra inhIM bhadrabAhu ke kathAnaka ko thor3A atiraMjita karake hI zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha jor3a diyA gayA hai| merI dRSTi meM vastuta: ye zivabhUti ke ziSya bhadragupta the| inake kAla meM vIra nirvANa saMvat 606 yA 609 meM uttara bhArata ke nirgrantha saMgha meM puna: acelakatva kI pratiSThA huI evaM boTika yA yApanIya paramparA kA vikAsa bhI isI kAla meM huaa| nandIsUtra evaM kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI meM inakA ullekha zivabhUti ke ziSya ke rUpa meM hai| zvetAmbara paTTAvaliyoM meM inake ziSya zrIgupta kA ullekha hai| sambhava hai ki zrIgupta hI guptigupta hoN| (4) nimitajJa bhadrabAhu digambara paramparA ke anusAra gyAraha aMga ke viccheda ke pazcAt hue haiN| zrutaskandha ke kartA ke anusAra inakA kAla vikrama kI tIsarI zatAbdI mAnA gayA hai| merI dRSTi meM ye gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra haiM, jo niyukti ke kartA tathA Arya viSNu ke praziSya aura Arya kAlaka ke ziSya haiM tathA sthavira vRddha ke guru aura siddhasena divAkara ke dAdA guru haiN| yahI kAla skandila kI mAthurI evaM vallabhI kI nAgArjuna kI vAcanA kA hai kyoMki AgamoM kI mAthurI vAcanA evaM niyuktiyA~ yApanIyoM ko mAnya rahI haiN| (5) vIra nirvANa ke 1000 varSa pazcAt hae bhadrabAha digambara paramparA ke anusAra prathama aMga ke dhAraka the| merI dRSTi meM ye zvetAmbara prabandhoM meM ullekhita varAhamihira ke bhAI bhadrabAhu haiN| varAhamihira kI paMca siddhAntikA meM usakA racanAkAla zaka saM0 427 batAyA hai, isameM 135 varSa jor3ane para vikrama saM0 562 AtA hai| isameM 470 jor3ane para vIra nirvANa saM0 1032 AtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki inakA ullekha kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM nahIM hai| yadi hemacandra kI mAnyatA ke AdhAra para isameM 60 varSa kama bhI kareM to bhI inakA kAla vIra nirvANa saM0 972 AtA hai jo isa vAcanA ke mAtra 8 varSa pUrva hai, ata: kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM inakA ullekha hone kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA hai| inake samaya meM zvetAmbara sampradAya eka svatantra sampradAya ke rUpa meM astitva meM A gayA thA aura zvetAmbara, digambara aura yApanIyoM ke bIca bheda rekhA spaSTa ho cukI thii| isa prakAra AcArya hastimalajI dvArA ullekhita digambara paramparA meM vibhinna kAloM meM hue pA~ca bhadrabAhu meM se cAra kA ullekha zvetAmbara srotoM meM prAcyagotrIya bhadrabAhu, bhadragupta, gautama gotrIya Aryabhadra aura naimittika varAhamihira ke bhAI bhadrabAhu nAma se prApta hotA hai| ina cAroM kI digambara srotoM se prApta nAmoM se kAlika samarUpatA bhI hai|

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jJAtavya hai zvetAmbara paramparA meM titthogAlI paiNNA evaM cUrNikAla taka bhadrabAhu ke jIvanavRtta meM unakA pUrvadhara honA, dvAdazavarSIya duSkAla ke pazcAt pATaliputra meM huI prathama Agama vAcanA, usameM bhadrabAhu kI anupasthiti, saMgha dvArA pUrvo kI vAcanA dene kA anurodha, vRddhAvasthA evaM mahAprANa dhyAna sAdhanA meM vyastatA ke kAraNa bhadrabAhu dvArA apanI asamarthatA yA anyamanaskatA vyakta karanA, saMgha dvArA sambhoga viccheda kI sthiti dekhakara saMgha kA anurodha svIkAra kara sthUlibhadra Adi ko vAcanA denA, sthUlabhadra dvArA siMha rUpa banAkara vidyA kA pradarzana karanA, bhadrabAhu dvArA Age vAcanA dene se iMkAra, vizeSa anurodha para mAtra mUla kI vAcanA denA Adi ghaTanAyeM varNita haiN| vahIM nandarAja dvArA maMtrI zakaDAla ke sAtha durvyavahAra, sthUlabhadra se vairAgya prApta kara dIkSita honA Adi ghaTanAyeM ullekhita haiN|42 kintu inameM kahIM bhI varAhamihira kA ullekha nahIM hai| 'gacchAcAra paintrA' kI doghaTTIvRtti se lekara prabandhacintAmaNi, prabandhakoza Adi ke bhadrabAhucaritra meM mAtra varAhamihira sambandhI kathAnaka hI varNita hai| kintu jJAtavya hai ki ye sabhI racanAyeM IsA kI 11vIM zatI ke bAda kI haiN| inameM bhadrabAhu ke sAtha varAhamihira kA dIkSita honA, phira zramaNa paryAya kA tyAga karake apane dvArA 12 varSa taka sUrya vimAna meM rahakara jyotiSa cakra kI jAnakArI prApta karane kA mithyA pravAda phailAnA, rAjapurohita bana jAnA, varAhamihira ko putra kI prApti honA, usa putra ke dIrghajIvI hone kI bhaviSya karanA, isI samaya usa putra ke bAre meM bhadrabAhu dvArA billI ke yoga se usakI sAta dina meM mRtyu hone kI bhaviSyavANI karane aura bhadrabAha kI bhaviSyavANI satyasiddha hone ke ullekha haiN| ina prabandhoM meM dvArA inheM caturdaza pUrvadhara aura niyukti kA kartA bhI kahA gayA hai| isa prakAra zvetAmbara evaM digambara srotoM meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura naimittika bhadrabAhu ke kathAnakoM ko milA diyA gayA hai| mAtra yahI nahIM, ina donoM ke madhya meM hue Aryabhadragupta aura gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra nAmaka AcAryoM ke kathAnaka evaM kRtitva bhI inameM ghula mila gaye haiM jinakI samyag samIkSA karake unakA vizleSaNa karanA apekSita hai| AcArya bhadrabAhu kA kRtitva jahA~ taka zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kI kRtiyoM kA prazna hai unako dazAzrutaskandha, kalpa (bRhatkalpa) aura vyavahAra nAmaka chedasUtroM kA kartA mAnA gayA hai|43 dazAzrutaskandha niyukti aura anya srotoM se isakI puSTi hotI hai| kucha logoM ne inheM nizItha kA kartA bhI mAnA hai| isa sambandha meM merA cintana yaha hai ki na kevala nizItha apitu sampUrNa AcAracUlA-jisakA eka bhAga nizItha rahA hai usake kartA bhI zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu haiN| kyoMki usa kAla taka nizItha AcAra cUlA kA hI eka bhAga thA aura usase usakA pRthakkaraNa nahIM huA thaa|

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isake atirikta bhadrabAhu ke kRtitva ke sambandha meM jo naI bAta mujhe jJAta huI vaha yaha hai ki uttarAdhyayanasUtra ke saMkalanakartA bhI zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu haiN| uttarAdhyayana ke adhyayana aMga AgamoM evaM pUrvo se uddhRta haiN| 45 isa prakAra uttarAdhyayana eka kartRka nahIM hokara eka saMgraha grantha hI siddha hotA hai ata: isakA kartA kauna hai, yaha prazra nirarthaka hai| phira bhI yaha prazna to banA hI rahatA hai ki isakA saMgraha yA saMkalana kisane kiyA? prAcInakAla meM saMgrAhaka yA saMkalanakartA kahIM bhI apanA nAma nirdeza nahIM karate the| ata: isa sambandha meM eka sambhAvanA yaha vyakta kI jA sakatI hai ki uttarAdhyayana ke adhyayana pUrvo se uddhRta haiM ata: usake saMkalanakartA koI pUrvadhara AcArya rahe hoNge| pUrvadharoM meM bhadrabAhu kA nAma mahattvapUrNa hai ata: bhadrabAhu uttarAdhyayana ke saMkalanakartA haiM yaha sambhAvanA vyakta kI jA sakatI hai| isa sambandha meM eka pramANa AcArya AtmArAma jI ne apanI uttarAdhyayana kI bhUmikA meM diyA hai| ve likhate haiM ki 'bhadrabAhunA proktAni bhadrabAhAni uttarAdhyayanAni' arthAt bhadrabAhu dvArA prokta hone se uttarAdhyayanoM ko bhadrabAhava bhI kahA jAtA hai| isa AdhAra para kaI vidvAnoM ne uttarAdhyayana ke saMkalanakartA ke rUpa meM bhadrabAhu ko mAnane kI sambhAvanA vyakta kI hai| AtmArAmajI ma.sA0 ne bhI uttarAdhyayana kI bhUmikA meM yaha nirdeza to kiyA hai ki uttarAdhyayana kA eka nAma 'bhadrabAhava' bhI hai kintu uttarAdhyayana kA yaha nAma kahAM upalabdha hotA hai isakA ullekha unhoMne nahIM kiyA hai| kintu unake anusAra uparokta paMkti ke AdhAra para bhadrabAhu ko uttarAdhyayana kA racayitA mAnane kA koI aucitya nahIM haiM, kyoMki uparyukta kathana meM bhadrabAhunA ke sAtha proktAni kriyApada prayukta huA hai jisakI vyutpatti 'prakarSeNa uktAni proktAni' hai arthAt vizeSa rUpa se vyAkhyAta, vivecita yA adhyApita hai| proktAni kA artha racitAni nahIM ho sakatA hai| isa bAta kI puSTi zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ke prokte (3/1/69), hema vyAkaraNa ke tena prokte' (6/3/18) tathA pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke tena proktaM (4/3/10) sUtroM kI vyAkhyA se bhI hotI hai|46 puna: bhASA, zailI evaM viSayavastu kI dRSTi se vicAra karane para bhI uttarAdhyayana ke sabhI adhyayanoM ko eka kAla kI racanA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| isameM eka ora prAcIna ardhamAgadhI prAkRta ke zabdoM kA prayoga milatA hai to dUsarI ora arvAcIna mahArASTrI prAkRta ke zabda bhI upalabdha hote haiN| zailI kI dRSTi se bhI kucha adhyayana vyAsa zailI meM likhe gaye haiM to kucha samAsa zailI meM haiN| ata: ye saba tathya bhI uttarAdhyayana ke eka kartRka mAnane meM visaMgati utpanna karate haiN| phira bhI isa AdhAra para itanA to mAnA ho jA sakatA hai ki uttarAdhyayana ke saMkalanakartA sambhavata: bhadrabAha rahe hoN| yaha spaSTa hai ki niyukti meM uttarAdhyayana ke 36 adhyayanoM para niyukti likhI gaI hai ataH niyuktikAra ke samakSa chattIsa adhyayana rUpa uttarAdhyayana upasthita thaa| yadi niyuktiyoM ke kartA zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu (prathama) ko mAnate

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18 haiM to hameM yaha bhI mAnanA hogA ki uttarAdhyayana kA saMkalana usake pUrva ho cukA thA aura yaha sambhava hai ki usake saMkalanakartA bhI ve svayaM hoM, kyoMki jisa prakAra unhoMne cheda sUtroM kI racanA kara una para niyukti likhIM usI prakAra unhoMne uttarAdhyayana kA saMkalana karake usa para niyukti likhI ho| yadyapi unheM niyukti kA kartA mAnanA vivAdAspada hai| dUsare yadi niyukti ke kartA ke rUpa meM gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra athavA anya vidvAnoM ke matAnusAra bhadrabAhu (dvitIya) ko mAnA jAye to bhI yaha mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai ki uttarAdhyayana ke saMkalana kartA pAiNNa gotrIya Arya bhadrabAhu rahe hoN| uttarAdhyayana satra ke ikatIsaveM adhyayana kI satrahavIM gAthA meM dazAdi ke chabbIsa adhyayanoM kA ullekha hai ata: uttarAdhyayana ke saMkalana ko ina cheda sUtroM se paravartI mAnanA hogA ina cheda sUtroM ke racayitA svayaM prAcya gotrIya bhadrabAhu svayaM hI haiM ata: sambhava hai ki unhoMne ina cheda sUtroM kI racanA ke bAda uttarAdhyayana kA saMkalana kiyA ho| ata: isase uttarAdhyayana ke saMkalana kartA bhadrabAhu prathama ko mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| isa prakAra yaha nizcita hai dazAzrutaskandha, bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra- ina cheda sUtroM ke kartA bhadrabAha (prathama) haiN| sAtha hI nizItha sahita AcAra cUlA ke kartA bhI ve haiMyaha sambhAvanA prakaTa kI gaI hai jo nirAdhAra nahIM hai| isI prakAra unake uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke saMkalanakartA hone kI sambhAvanA se bhI inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| kintu niyuktiyoM ke kartA, Arya bhadrabAhu prathama haiM- yaha vivAdAspada hai| yadi niyuktiyoM ke kartA Arya bhadrabAhu prathama nahIM haiM to kauna hai? isa prazna para maiMne alaga se eka svatantra nibandha meM vicAra kiyA hai, jo Aspects of Jainology, Vol. 6, DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina abhinandana grantha meM prakAzita hai| ata: isa nibandha ko yahIM virAma dete haiN| sandarbha 1. AcArya hastimala jI, jainadharma kA maulika itihAsa, bhAga-2, jayapura (rAja.), 1974 I., pR. 327. ..... the author of the Niryukties Bhadrabahu is indentified by the Jainas with the patriarch of that name, who died 170 A.V. There can be no doubt that they are mistaken, For the account of the seven schisms (ninhaga) in the Avasyaka Niryukti, VIII 56-100, must have been written between 584 and 609 of the Vira era. There are the dates of the 7th and 8th schims of which only the former is mentioned in the Niryukti. It is therefore certain that the Niryukti was composed before 8th schism 609. A.V. Parisistaparva Introductory, p. 6.

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3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. uddhRta, jainadharma kA maulika itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 359. there ajja jasabhaddassa tuMgiyAyaNa saguttassa ime do therA ajjabhaddabAhu pAiNasagutte there ajja saMbhUti vijae mADharasagutte .. there ajjabhaddabAhU pAiNasagotte, there ajja saMbhUyavijaye mADharasagotte / therassa NaM ajjabhaddabAhussa pAiNagottassa ime cattAri therA aMtevAsI ahAvaccA abhiNNAyA hotthA, taM jahA - there godAse 1 there aggidatte 2 there jaNNadatte 3 there somadatte 4 kAsavagotte NaM / therehiMto godAse hiMto kAsavagattehiMto ittha NaM godAsagaNe nAmaM gaNe niggae, tassa NaM imAo cattAri sAhAo evamAhijjati, taM jahA -- tAmalittiyA 1 koDIvarisiyA 2 poMDavaddhaNiyA 3 dAsIkhabbaDiyA 4 | kalsUtra therAvalI, 207. jainadharma kA maulika itihAsa, bhAga - 2, pR. 374. --- (a) gacchAcAra paitrA doghaTTIvRtti, gAthA 82 kI vRtti, uddhRta jainadharma kA maulika itihAsa, bhAga 2, pR0 327-330. (ba) dakSiNApathe pratiSThAnapure bhadrabAhu varAhAhrau dvau dvijo kumArau / - prabandhakoza, pR. 2. prabandhacintAmaNi, merutuMga, prakAzaka- siMghI jaina granthamAlA, granthAMka 1, zAnti niketana, baMgAla 1933 I0, pR0 194. AsI ujjeNI Nayare AyAriyo bhaddabAhunAmeNa - bhAvasaMgraha, devasena, 53. athAsti viSaye kAnte pauNDavardhanenAmani / koTitaM puraM pUrvaM devakoTTaM ca saamprtm|| - bRhatkathAkoSa, hariSeNa, kathAnaka zloka 1. saMkhyA 131, siribhaddabAhu / bhadrabAhucaritra, raithU, nepAla vattiNIe ya bhayavaM bhaddabAhusAmI acchaMti cauddassa puvvI / AvazyakacUrNi, bhAga - 2, patrAMka 178. iha ajjakhetti ....... saM0 rAjArAma jaina, pR0 2. 19 kautukapurammi 11. chattIse varisasae vikkama rAyassa maraNapattassa / soraTThe uppaNNI sevaDasaMgho hu vallahIe / / 137 / / Asi ujjeNiNayare Ayariyo bhaddabAhu NAmeNa / jANi suNimittadharo bhaNio saMgho mio teNa / / 138 / / hoss iha dubbhikkhaM bArahavarasANi jAva puNNANi / desaMtarAI gacchaha NiyaNiyasaMgheNa saMjuttA / / 139 / / --

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20 ekkaM puNa saMtiNAmoM saMpato valahiNA maNayarIe / bahusIsasaMpatto visae soraTThae ramme / / 141 / / bhAvasaMgraha, devasena - gAthA, 137-39, 141, mANikacanda digambara jaina granthamAlA, mumbaI 1921 I.. 12. prApya bhAdrapadaM dezaM zrImadujjayinIbhavam / cakArAnazanaM dhIraH sa dinAni bahUnyalam / / 43 bRhatkathAkoza, kathAnaka saMkhyA 131, zloka saM. 23 se 43. 13. sarvasaMghAdhipo jAto visaSAcAryasaMjJakaH / / anena saha saMgho'pi samastoM guruvAkyataH / dakSiNApathadezasthapunnATaviSayaM yayau / / 40 / / bRhatkathAkoza, kathAnaka saMkhyA 131, zloka 38-40. prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI, 14. kahAkosu, kartA -- zrIcandra, prakAzaka1966 I., saMdhi 47, kaDaSaka 10. bhAratavarSIya 15. puNyAstrava kathAkoza, sampA0 - rAmacandra mumukSu, prakAzakaanekAnta vidvat pariSad 1998, pR0 225 227 kathA kramAMka 38. 16. bArahasahasa muNihiM sahiu bhaddabAhurisi calliyau / jaMtara jaMtara kayavayadiNahiM aDavihiM pattu guNalliyau / / bhadrabAhu, cANakya candragupta kathAnaka, raidhU, saM0 - DaoN. rAjArAma jaina, 13, pR. 26. 17. dekheM- bhadrabAhucaritra, ratnanandI, pariccheda 3, zloka 47 se 53, prakAzaka- digambara jaina pustakAlaya, sUrata, 1966 I.. ahamadAbAda 18. bhadrabAhu - cANakya- candragupta kathAnaka, sampA. rAjArAma jaina, prastAvanA, 9-11. ------ 19. so vi ya cohasapuvvI bArasa vAsAI jogapaDivanno / dejja na va dejja vA vAyaNaM ti vAhippaU tAva / / titthogAlI, paitrayaM 725, paiNNayasuttAI, saM. munipuNyavijaya, mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI, 1984 I0. 20. mahApANaM Na paviTTho mi, iyANiM paviTTho mi, to na jAti vAyaNaM dAtuM AvazyakacUrNi bhAga- 2, patrAMka 187. ......I

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25. 21. mahAvaMsa (10.65; 33. 43-79) ke anusAra zrIlaMkA meM bauddhadharma pahu~cane ke pUrva jainadharma kA astittva thaa| pANDukAbhaya ne vahA~ joniva aura giri nAmaka nigranrthoM ke lie caitya banavAye the| bAda meM maTTagAmiNI abhaya ne nirgranthoM kA vinAza kara diyaa| 22. T.V.G. Sastri, "An Earlist Jaina Site in the Krishna Valley", Arhat Vacana, Vol. I (3-4), June-Sept. 89, p. 23-54. 23. hIrAlAla jaina, sampA0- jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga-1, mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA, granthAMka 28, mumbaI 1928 I., lekhAMka 17-18. 24. mahAvIra savitari parinivRte bhagavatparamarSi gautama gaNadhara sAkSAcchiSya lohArya-jambu viSNudevAparAjita-govarddhana-bhadrabAhu-vizAkha-proSThila kRttikArya-jayanAma siddhArtha dhRtiSeNabuddhilAdi guruparamparINa vakra (ka) mAbhyAgata mahApuruSasaMkRttikAryyasamavadyotitAnvaya bhadrabAhu svAminA ujjayanyAmaSTAMga mahAnimitta tattvajJena traikAlyadarzinA nimittena dvAdazasaMvatsara-kAla-vaiSamyamupalabhya kathite sarvassaGgha uttarApathAddakSiNApathaM prsthitH| -- pArzvanAthavasati zilAlekha, zakasaMvat 522, jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga-1, lekhAMka 1. saptAzvivedasaMkhyaM, zakakAlamapAsya caitra shuklaadau| ardhAstamite bhAnau, yavanapure saumya divaasaadye|| paMcasiddhAntikA antima prazasti, uddhRta- jainadharma kA maulika itihAsa, bhAga-2, pR. 372. 26. caMdagutti rAyahu vikkhAyahu viMdusAraNaMdaNu sNjaayhu| taha puttu viasou huu puNNau Naulu NAmu sua tahu uppnnnnu| ...... NAmeM caMdagutti tahu NaMdaNu saMjAyau sajjaNu aannNdnnu| bhadrabAhu-cANakya-candragupta kathAnaka, 10-11. 27. titthogAlIpainnaya --- gAthA 714-752, paiNNayasuttAI, saM.- muni puNyavijaya jI, prakAzaka, mahAvIra vidyAlaya, bambaI, san 1984. 28. (a) dekheM- jainadharma kA yApanIya sampradAya, DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, pR. 220-221. (ba) pecchai paribbhamanto dAhiNa dese siyambara pnno| -- paumacariyaM (vimalasUri) prAkRta TeksTa sosAiTI, vArANasI, 22/78. 29. yApani (nI) ya nirgranthakurcakAnAM ..... / - jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga 2, lekha kramAMka 99.

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22 30. NaMdI va dimitto bidio avarAjido taijjo ya / govaddhaNo cautyo paMcamao bhadabAhuti / --tiloyapaNatti, 4 / 1482. 31. (a) bRhatkathAkoza (hariSeNa), kathAnaka 131, zloka 45-81. (ba) bhAvasaMgraha ( devasena), gAthA 52 - 70. TippaNI-- jJAtavya hai ki jahA~ hariSeNa ne zamilla, sthavira evaM sthUlabhadra nAmaka tIna AcAryoM kA bhadrabAhu ke ziSya ke rUpa meM ullekhita kiyA hai, vahA~ bhAvasena ne mAtra zAntyAcArya kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa prakAra donoM kathAnakoM meM nAmoM ke sambandha meM antarvirodha hai / 32. nijjavaNa bhaddagutte vIsuM paDhaNaM ca tassa puvvagayaM / pavvAvioya bhAyA rakkhiakhamaNehiM jaNao a / / 17 Avazyakaniryukti, gAthA 776. 33. bRhatkathAkoza, kathAnaka 131, zloka 62. 34. jainadharma kA yApanIya sampradAya, sAgaramala jaina, pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI, pR0 44-45 evaM 363. 35. (a) bhadrabAhu - cANakya- candragupta kathAnaka, raidhU, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23. (ba) bhadrabAhucaritra, ratnanandI, pariccheda 3, zloka 56-84. 36. jainadharma kA maulika itihAsa, pR. 326-327, 343-344. 37. bhadrabAhu - cANakya- candragupta kathAnaka, prastAvanA, pRSTha 5-6 evaM 9 - 12. 38. jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga 2, lekha kramAMka 96. 39. dekheM (a) kalpasUtra sthavirAvali meM vistRta vAcanA ullekhita zivabhUti ke ziSya kAzyapagotrIya Aryabhadragupta aura gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra / .... (ba) AcArya bhadrAnvayabhUSaNasya .. - jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga-2, pR057. 40. (a) therassa NaM ajja sivabhUissa kucchaguttassa ajja bhadde there aMtevAsI kAsava | rassa ajja kAlae goyamaguttassa ime do therA- there ajjasaMpalie there ajja bhadde / there ajja jehillassa ajja viNhU dhere / - kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI, - 20-27. (ba) tato vaMde ya bhaddaguttaM / vaDDau vAyagavaMso revainakkhatta nAmANaM- nandisUtra, sthavirAvalI, 31, 35. 41. saddharmakaraNaparasya zvetapaTTamahAzramaNa saMghasya / jainazilAlekhasaMgraha, bhAga-3, ---

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lekhakramAMka 98. 42. (a) titthogAlIpainnayaM, saM. munipuNyavijayajI, gAthA 702-806. (ba) AvazyakacUrNi, bhAga-2, pR. 178, RSabhadeva kezarImala zvetAmbara saMsthA, ratalAma, 1929 I.. 43. vaMdAmi bhaddabAhuM pAINaM crimsylsuynaanniN| suttassa kAragamisiM dasAsu kappe ya vvhaare|| - dazAzrutaskandhaniyukti, 1. 44. teNa bhagavatA AyArakappa, dasAkappa, vavahArA ya navamapuvvanI saMdabhUtA nijjuuddhaa| (jJAtavya hai ki nizItha kA eka nAma AcAraprakalpa bhI rhaa|) paMcakalpacUrNi, patra 1. 45. (a) aMgappabhavA jiNabhAsiyA ya ptteybuddhsNvaayaa| baMdhe mukkhe ya kayA chattIsaM uttrjjhynnaa|| - uttarAdhyayananiyukti 4. (ba) kammappavAyapubve sattarase pAhuDaMmi jaM suttN| --- uttarAdhyayananiyukti, 67. 46. uttarAdhyayanasUtram, sampAdaka- upAdhyAya AtmArAmajI, prastAvanA, pR.16-17.