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________________ "amamasvAmicarita'no racanAkALa pUrNimAgacchanA AcArya muniratnasUrinI kRti amamasvAmicarita bhAvI tIrthaMkara "amama' saMbaMdhI eka dharmakathAnaka gUMthI letI jaina racita madhyakAlIna saMskRta kRti che. prastuta racanAnuM sAhityika dRSTie amukAMze mUlya je hoya te, aitihAsika daSTie to tyAM apAyelI jinasiMhasUri racita prAMtaprazastinuM vizeSa mUlya che. prazastimAM racanAvarSa zabdAMkamAM "DhipaMcadinakUvarSe" ema batAvyuM che, jene (vAmagati niyama anusAra) saM. 1252 (I. sa. 1196) (sva) muni puNyavijayajIe, ane e ja pramANe (sva) prA. hIrAlAla rasikadAsa kApaDiyAe ghaTAvyuM che. to vaLI para aMbAlAla premacaMda zAha prastuta racanAnuM miti varSa saM. 1255 ! I. sa. 1199 batAve che. bIjI bAju (sva) mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAI tene saM. 1225 | I. sa. 1169 mAnyuM che. racanA-miti saMbaMdha prastuta bhinna abhiprAyo AthI parIkSaNIya banI jAya che, racanAnA zabdAMkamAM kathita varSathI vAstavika miti zuM phalita thaI zake te saMbaMdhamAM to prazasti aMtargata noMdhAyelI ghaTanAo, tenA aitihAsika saMdarbhonI sAthe saMkaLAyelAM pAtronI samayasthitine lakSamAM letAM khyAla maLI rahe che. paurNamika muniratnasUrinI prazastimAM dIdhela gurnAvalI nIce mujaba che : caMdraprabhasUri dharmaghoSasUri samudraghoSasUri muniratnasUri suraprabhasUri pUrNimAgacchanI saMsthApanA caMdraprabhasUri dvArA saM. 1149 { Isa. 1893mAM thaI hovAnuM anya sAdhano dvArA vidita che. caMdraprabhasUriziSya dharmaghoSasUri siddharAja dvArA sammAnita hovAnuM amamasvAmicarita atirikta prastuta gaccha paraMparAmAM thaI gayelA anya munionI racanAothI paNa siddha che. dharmaghoSanA ziSya samudraghoSa paNa siddharAja dvArA sammAnita hovA uparAMta godhaka(godharA)nA rAjA dvArA, tema ja mAlavapati paramAra naravarmAnI sabhAmAM vAditA rUpeNa mAnaprApta muni hatA evuM jinasiMhasUri prazastimAM noMdhe che. svayaM muniratnasUrie paNa mahAkAlamaMdiramAM naravarmAnI pariSada samakSa zaiva vAdi vighAzivane
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________________ nircanI aitihAsika lekha-samuccaya-1 parAjita karyAnI paNa prastuta prazastimAM noMdha jovA maLe che. uparanI mahattvapUrNa aitihAsika hakIkatonA saMdarbhamAM ja amamasvAmicaritanI mitino vinizcaya thavo ghaTe. ene dhyAnamAM rAkhatAM dharmaghoSasUrino samaya siddharAjanA prAraMbhika be dazakAmAM paDe ane temanA ziSya samudraghoSasUrino siddharAjanA zAsananA uttarArdhamAM paDe. paramAra naravarmAno kALa IsvIsan 110pa-1133no che; AthI samudraghoSasUrinI ja nahIM, muniratnasUrinI mALavAnI mulAkAta paNa I. sa. 1133 pahelAnA koIka varSamAM thaI hovI ghaTe; aMdAje tene I. sa. 1130nA arasAmAM mAnIe to prastuta kALe muniratnasUri vRddha nahIM toye jJAna ane vayamAM paripakva avasthAmAM AvI cUkyA haze. A hakIkata dhyAnamAM letAM temaNe cheka I. sa. 1196mAM eTale ke mALavAmAM meLavela vAda-jayathI lagabhaga 66 varSa bAda amamasvAmicaritanI racanA karI hatI tevI vAta to bilakula avyAvahArika, ane ethI tathyasaMgata, jaNAtI nathI; e ja rIte I. sa. 1169nI miti paNa dUra to paDI jAya che. vadhumAM e bIjI gaNatarImAM vAmagatinA niyamanuM pAlana paNa thatuM nathI (chatAM te sAcI hoI zake ke nahIM te vize AgaLa joIzuM.) mitinA prAraMbhika gaNita-zabdano artha jarA judI rIte paNa ghaTAvI zakAya. "divaM"no artha guNAkAra krame "10" paNa thato hovAnuM vAstuzAstromAM meM joyAnuM smaraNa che. e rIte ghaTAvatAM miti saM. 1210 | I. sa. 1154nI Ave che. A miti muniratnasUrinI mAlavAvALI ghaTanAthI 24 varSa bAdano samaya darzAve che, je vyAvahArika dRSTie to ekadama baMdha besI jAya che tema chatAM I. sa. 1169nuM varSa paNa kumArapALanA zAsanakALa aMtargata Ave che. ane prazastimAM ullikhita kumArapALanA samayanI keTalIka anya vyaktio, jema ke kumArapALanA mahAmaurtika rudrano putra maMtrI nirNaya, kumArapALanA maMtrI thazodhavalano putra bAlakavi jagadeva, rAjAno akSapATalika kumArakavi, ityAdi IsvI 1169mAM hayAta hovAno ghaNo saMbhava che. vastutayA A bIjI mitine prabaLa samarthana to muniratnasUrie karela hemacaMdrAcAryanA triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritranA ullekhathI sahaja rUpe maLI jAya che. prastuta graMthamAM eka sthaLe kumArapALa AraMtu caityothI pRthvIne zaNagAraze evI bhaviSyavANI, ane bIje sthaLe "zaNagArI evI bhUtavANI prakaTa karato ullekha thayo che. kumArapALa dvArA pATaNamAM kumAravihAra, tribhuvanapAla vihAra, trivihAra ityAdi jinAlayo sau prathama baMdhAyAM haze, paNa kacAre, te vize cokkasa mAhitI upalabdha nathI. paraMtu tAraMgAnA kumAravihAra ane jAloranA kAMcanagirigaDhanA kumAravihAranI mitio I. sa. 1165-66 nI hovAnuM jJAna che. kumArapALanI jaina dharma prati vizeSa ruci khAsa to I. sa. 1160thI ja dekhAya che'. triSaSThizalAkApuruSacaritranI racanAnA samaye kumArapALa dvArA nirmita judAM-judAM sthaLonA kumAravihAra baMdhAI cUkelA hovA joIe. te jotAM prastuta graMthanI racanA
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________________ amamavAmicarita"no racanAkALa 173 I. sa. 1166 pUrvenI hovAno saMbhava nathI. ane ethI te graMthano ullekha karanAra amamasvAmicaritano samaya I. sa. 1169 hovAno saMbhava daDhatara bane che. ane e miti ja gaNitazabdanA arthaghaTana atirikta aitihAsika pariprekSaNamAM vizeSa baMdhabesatI thAya che. muniratnasUri AthI siddharAja uparAMta kumArapALanA paNa samakAlIna bane che, je aMge anya pramANa prazasti aMtargata mojUda che, je have joIe. ama svAmicaritanuM saMzodhana gUrjaranRpAkSapATalika kumAra kavie ryAnI noMdha tyAM prAMta prazastimAM che. prastuta "kumAra" te dvitIya bhImadeva tema ja vAghelA varadhavala tema ja vizaLadevanA rAjapurohita, ane maMtrI vastupALanA vidvamitra kavi somezvaradevanA pitA hovAnuM mAnavAmAM AvyuM che. paraMtu te vAta amacaritanI upara nizcita karela miti ane AnuSaMgika samaya-vinirNayanA muddAonA saMdarbhamAM amukaze praznArtha rUpa banI jAya che. somezvaradevanI potAnI kRti surathotsavamAM apAyela prazasti anusAra temanI potAnI vaMzAvaLI nIce mujaba che : solazarmA (caulukya mUlarAjano purohita) lallazarmA (cAmuMDarAjano purohita) muMja (prathama) (durlabharAjano purohita) somezvara (prathama) (bhImadeva prathamano purohita) AzirmA (karNadevano purohita). kumAra (prathama) (jayasiMha siddharAjano purohita) sarvadeva (prathama) (kumArapALano samakAlIna) Amiga (kumArapALano purohita) (prabaMdhaciMtAmaNi(I. sa1305)nA AdhAre) sarvadeva (dvitIya) kumAra(dvitIya)=lakSmI muMja(dvitIya) (ajayapAlanA samakAlIna). AhaDa mahAdeva vijaya (kavi) somezvaradeva (dvitIya) (caulukaya bhImadeva dvitIya, vAghelA varadhavala tema ja vIsaladevano samakAlIna)
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________________ 174 nirgastha aitihAsika lekha-samuccaya-1 somezvaradeve potAnA pitA kumAra vize je noMdha ApI che te anusAra te ajayapALa, mULarAja (dvitIya), ane bhImadeva(dvitIya)nA samakAlIna hatA. temane kumArapALanA purohita vA akSapATalika hovAnuM ane teo "kavi' hatA tema paNa tyAM kahyuM nathI. (jo temano saMbaMdha kumArapALa sAthe vastutaH hoya to AvI mahattvanI noMdha levI somezvara kema bhUlI gayA haze ?) je kumAra kavie I. sa. 1169mAM amasvAmicaritanuM zodhana karyuM, te somezvara pitRkumAra hoya to temanA putra somezvaradeve cheka Isa. 1155mAM DabhoInI hIrAbhAgoLanI prazasti lakhI hatI, te vAta paNa dhyAnamAM levI joIe. kema ke A banne mitio vacce khAsso 86 varSa jevaDo moTo gALo paDI jAya che. somezvaranI prathama kRti kIrtikaumudI I. sa. 1225nA arasAnI che. I. sa. 1290mAM mahAmaMDalezvara viradhavala vAdhelAne sahAya karavA maMtrI baMdhu vastupALa-tejapALa jyAre bhImadeva dvitIyanA anurodhathI dhoLakA AvyA te arasAmAM somezvaradeva paNa tyAM rAjapurohitarUpe AvI vasyA hoya tema jaNAya che. kumArapALanA akSapATalika rUpe rahela kumAranI niyukti to I. sa. 1169thI pUrvanA koIka varSamAM thaI cUkI hovI joIe. e hisAbe to akSapATalika kavi kumAra somezvara-pitA rAjapurohita kumArathI jayeSTha evaM bhinna puruSa hoya tema jaNAya che. saMbhavatayA A banne kumAro vacce rahela nAmasAmya ane samaya sthitinA saMdarbhamAM amuka varSa pUratAM banne vaccenA saMbhavita samakAlInatvathI bannene eka mAnI levAmAM AvyA che. paNa kumAra purohitanI kArakirdI ajayapALanA samayathI ja zarU thatI hoya tevuM surathotsava parathI to lAge che. kumAra nAmadhArI banne vyaktio eka hovAnA tarka mATe sabaLa pramANa apekSita che. amamasvAmIcaritano miti-vinirNaya karavA pAchaLa ATalA khuvAra thavAnuM kAraNa e che ke enI prazastimAM noMdhAyela kavijanomAMnA keTalAkano saMpradAya-vinizcaya Adi samasyAomAM, uttara sImAdi nirNayomAM khapa paDaze. prazastimAM taraMgavatIkAra pAlittasUri(prAyaH I. sa. 175-225), vAcaka umAsvAti (prAya I. sa. 350-400), siddhasena divAkara(prAyaH Isa. 400-444), jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa(AIsapa50594), mAnatuMgAcArya (A. I. sa. pa7pa-625), tArAgaNakAra bhadrakIrti(bappabhaTTisUri) (prAyaH I. sa. 744-839), upamitibhavaprapaMcAkAra siddhArSi (A. I. sa. 880-920), bhojanA samakAlIna kavi devabhadrasUri, svagacchasthApaka caMdraprabhasUri, ane triSaSTinarasadavRttakAra (triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritakAra hemacaMdra) sarakhA mahAna aitihAsika jaina vidvarono ullekha karyo che. A badhA ja zvetAMbara saMpradAyamAM thaI gayelA manAtA mahApuruSo che; ane I. sa. 1169mAM paNa muniratnasUrinuM paNa e pramANe mAnavuM che. amamasvAmicaritano racanAkALa manAyo che tethI trIseka varSa pUrvano sAbita thaI jatAM e nirNayanuM mUlya uparyukta
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________________ 175 'amasvAmicarita'no racanAkALa saMdarbhamAM svataHsiddha che. TippaNo : 1. juo, panyAsa maNivijayajI gaNivara graMthamAlA. graMthAMka 8-9, amadAvAda visaM. 1998 ane 1999, A graMtha Aje sahelAIthI upalabdha nathI. 2. Ed. Muni Punyavijay, Catalogue of Palm-Leaf Manuscripts in the santinatha Jain Bhandara, Cambay, Part II, GOS, No. 149, Baroda 1966, pp. 353 ff. 3. fbid., p. 350. 4. jaina saMskRta sAhityano itihAsa, zrImukti-kamala-jaina-mohanamAlA; puSpa 64, khaMDa 2, dhArmika sAhitya; upakhaMDa 1, lalita sAhitya, vaDodarA, 1968, pR. 49, paNa anyatra e ja graMthamAM temaNe prastuta graMthanI miti visaM. 1255 (I. sa. 1199) kahI che : (ejana, pR. 108). 5. "bhASA ane sAhitya", gujarAtano rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa, graMtha 4, 'solaMkI kAla', prakaraNa 12, amadAvAda, 1976, pR. 270, paNa e ja graMthamAM teo prastuta graMthanI miti saM. 125(2) (I. sa. 1196) hovAnuM paNa noMdhe che (ejana, pR. 306). 6. jaina sAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa, muMbaI 1932, kaMDikA 404, pR. 281. 7. A miti judI judI uttara-madhyakAlIna paTTAvalIomAM maLe che, ane te vizvasanIya che. ahIM prastuta muddo gauNa hoI te sarvanA saMdarbho devAnuM jatuM karyuM che. 8. juo tilakAcAryanI AvazyakasUtralagvRttinI prazasti, saM. 1296 / I. sa. 1240, padya bIjuM, tathA dazavaikAlikasUtraTIkA (saM. 1304 | I. sa. 1248) padya 2. Ed. Muni Punyavijaya, Catalogue of Palm-Leaf Manuscripts in the santinatha Jain Bhandara, Cambay, [Part 1}. GOS, No. 135, pp. 83 and 105. baMne prazastiomAM apAyelA padya eka sarakhAM che. muniratnasUrinI prazastinA saMbaMdhakartA padya mATe juo GOs, No. 149, p. 453, padya 5. 9. GOS, 149, p. 353, padha 79. 10. ejana pagha 22-23, gujarAtano solaMkIkAlane itihAsa AlekhanArAonA lekhanamAM A hakIkata noMdhAyelI jovA maLatI nathI. 11. mahAbhArata, "Adiparva"mAM parazurAme 21 vAra pathvIne nakSatrI karI tevA ullekhamAM 21nI saMkhyA mATe tri:sara evo prayoga che; yathA tri:satatva: pRthiva -aa nakSatrayA purI ! (V. S. sukhthankar(ed.), Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. Poona, 1933, p. 255, 1.58.4) paNa "ddhipaMca"no artha prA. baMsIdhara bhaTTanA mate "25' mAnavo ghaTe ane ethI 1225 gaNI zakAya, mane lAge che ke judA judA lekhakoe aitihAsika tathyo tapAsyA vinA potapotAnI rIte gaNatarI karI che. 12. triza. pu. caTanA dazama parvamAM adRnaivairuttasitAM pUrapati samakSa pratIhA evo ullekha che. samasta pRthvI ahaMnAM caityo vaDe suzobhita karI dIdhI che, tethI sAMprata kALamAM saMprati rAjA samAna thayo
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________________ nirjhantha aitihAsika lekha-samuccaya-1 chuM evuM kumArapALanA mukhe kahevaDAvyuM che (juo dezAI, pR. 257). trizA pucanA "mahAvIracarita aMtargata kumArapALa saMbaddha rajU karAyela bhaviSyavANI(parva 10, sarga 11-11)mAM kahyuM che ke anahada vaibhavazALI te rAjA prAyaH pratyeka grAmamAM jinAyatana dvArA pRthvIne AbhUSita karaze; (juo paM. lAlacaMdra bhagavAnadAsa gAMdhI, aitihAsika lekha saMgraha, zrIsayAjI sAhityamALA, puSpa 335, vaDodarA 1993, pR. 266). 13. kumArapALanA jainadharma svIkAranI miti tapAgacchIya jinamaMDana gaNie kumArapAlaprabaMdha(saM. 149ra che I. sa. 1436)mAM saM. 1216 ! I. sa. 1160nI ApI che jene mahadaMze samakAlIna graMthakAra maMtrI yazapAlanA mohaparAjaya(prAya: IsvI 1172-74)no Teko che. paNa A vAtano kumArapALe jaina zrAvanAM vrato dhAraNa karelAM eTalo ja artha ghaTAvavAno che. 1160nA suratanA koI varSamAM teNe saurASTra sthita jainonAM mahimna tIrthadhAmo, giranAra-zatruMjayAdinI yAtrA karelI. 14. juo muni puNyavijayajI, Catalogue., p. 356. yathA kartadimato dinakkarSe #ta prasane paNa zodhitvAn nRpAkSapaTalAdhyakSa: kumAraH kaviH / 29'! 15. AvI dhAraNA saMbhavataH sau prathama DaoN. bhogIlAla jecaMda sAMDesarAe prakaTa karelI. (juo emanuM mahAmAtya vastupAlanuM sAhityamaMDaLa tathA saMskRta sAhityamAM teno phALo, amadAvAda 1957, 5 66.) sAMDesarAne anusarIne DaoN. hariprasAda zAstrI paNa tevuM ja kahe che (juo "nAmAMkita kulo ane adhikArIo," gu. rAjha sAMI graMtha 4, (solaMkIkALa), amadAvAda, 1976, pR. 7 ane 126) yathA kumAre gurjara rAjayanA aApaTalAdhyakSa tarIke paNa pharaja bajAvI hatI ne municaMdrasUrikRta amasvAmicaritanuM saMzodhana karyuM hatuM. "prastuta saMkalanagraMthamAM "bhASA ane sAhitya" vibhAgamAM (prakaraNa 12, pR. 270) paM. aMbAlAla premacaMda zAha paNa lakhe che ke "somezvaranA pitA kumAre (saM. 1255 ? I. sa. 1199mAM) ATha muniratnasUrie racelA amama svAmicaritanuM saMzodhana karyuM hatuM." 16 somezvara lakhe che ke raNamAM ghAyala thayela ajayapALane kakezvaradevanI ArAdhanA karIne kumAre sAjo karelo, grahaNa samaye ajayapALe ApavA mAMDela ratnarAzino svIkAra karelo nahIM. mUlarAja dvitIyanA samayamAM duSkALa pIDita grAmajanono kara mApha karAvelo ane (bhImadeva dvitIyanA samayamAM) senApati banI mAlavapati vijyavarmAno parAbhava karelo. 17. juo muni puNyavijaya, Gos, 135, p. 351. 18, jitendra zAha ane mArA dvArA likhita mAnatuMttare ra3ruM stotra (amadAvAda 1997, hisaM. 1990nI hidI prastAvanAmAM A mitino yathocita upayoga karyo che.