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________________ Agama kA vyAkhyA sAhitya . DaoN. udayacandra jaina Agama ko paramparA __ bhArata kI mUla paraMparA meM prAgamoM kA samaya-samaya para praNayana huaa| vaidika paramparA meM veda, upaniSad brAhmaNagrantha, mUla smRtiyAM prAdi grantha Ate haiN| buddha ke vacanoM kA nAma tripiTaka par3A aura mahAvIra ke vacanoM kA nAma pAgama pdd'aa| ye tInoM paramparAyeM prAcIna haiN| inakI samagra-sAmagrI prAja bhI usI rUpa meM surakSita hai| Agamayuga Agamayuga kaba se prArambha huprA yaha kahA nahIM jA sakatA; parantu itanA spaSTa hai ki jo tIthaMkaroM kI paramparA hai, vahI Agamayuga kI paramparA hai| kyoMki prAgamoM meM jo likhita rUpa AyA, vaha tIrthaMkara paramparA se hI pAyA hai| tIthaMkaroM kI vANI sadaiva eka-sI pravAhita hotI hai, usameM kahIM koI parivartana nahIM hotA hai| phira bhI pAgamayuga kA prArambha antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke lagabhaga chaha sau varSa bAda se lekara eka hajAra varSa taka mAnA jA sakatA hai / aura Aja bhI vaisI kI vaisI paramparA vartamAna yuga meM bhI pracalita hai| Agama ke mUla praNetA artha rUpa meM prAgamoM ke praNetA tIrthakara haiM aura zabda rUpa meM grahaNa kara sUtrarUpa meM nibaddha karanevAle gaNadhara, tathA sUtra-zailI ko kaMThastha kara use lipibaddha karane kA zreya prAcAryaparamparA ko diyA jAtA hai| AgamavAcanA (i) pATalIputravAcanA-yaha vAcanA devAddhi gaNikSamAzramaNa kI adhyakSatA meM (mahAvIra nirvANa ke 160 varSa pazcAt) huI / isameM gyAraha AgamoM kA saMkalana huA / (ii) mathurAvAcanA-mahAvIranirvANa ke 824-840 varSa ke madhya prArya skaMdila kI adhyakSatA meM kI gii| (iii) balabhInagara kI vAcanA-yaha vAcanA mahAvIra nirvANa ke 980 varSa bAda hii| isa vAcanA meM 45 pAgama grantha likhitarUpa meM paae| prAgamoM kI bhASA (i) ardhamAgadhI prAgamoM kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI bhASA hai| yaha mathurA, magadha, kauzala, kAzI Adi aneka dezoM meM vyApta thii| (ii) zaurasenI AgamoM kI bhASA zUrasena, madhyakSetra taka phailI huI thii|
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________________ ujjaina meM nyAya mUrti zrI murArI lAla tivArI mahAsatI jI ko unake 64 veM janma divasa ke avasara para pravacana ziromaNi kI upAdhi bheMTa karate hue| saM. 2042 gItA bhavana indaura ke zrI esa. ena. vyAsa 'vyAkhyAprajJapti' mahAsatI jI ko bheMTa karate hue sundara v yoop ceesi moosin /
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________________ Agama kA vyAkhyAsAhitya | 161 viSaya-pratipAdana-prastuta prAgamoM meM dharma, darzana, saMskRti, gaNita, jyotiSa, khagola, bhUgola, itihAsa Adi viSayoM kA samAveza hai| isalie ye sabhI Agama AdhyAtmika, dArzanika, mAMskRtika evaM vaijJAnika dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa mAne jAte haiM / Agama kA vyAkhyA sahitya (1) niyukti (ii) bhASya, (iii) cUNi, (iv) TIkA (v) TabbA (vi) anuvAda / (i) niyukti--AgamoM para sarvaprathama vyAkhyA niyuktirUpa meM prastuta kI gaI thI "NijjuttA te atthA, jaM baddhA teNa hoi nnijjttii|" arthAt sUtra meM jo artha nibaddha ho, vaha niyukti hai| prAcArya haribhadra sUri ne niyukti kI vyutpatti isa prakAra kI hai:--"niryuktAnAmeva sUtrArthAnAM yukti:--paripATyA yojanam / " niyukti prAgama gAthAnoM para saMkSipta vivaraNa hai| niyuktiyoM kA samaya vi. saM. 400-600 taka mAnA gayA hai / abhI taka samaya nirNIta nahIM hai| niyuktiyoM meM gUDhabhAvoM ko saralatama zailI meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| prasaMgavaza dharma, darzana, saMskRti, samAja, itihAsa Adi vividha viSayoM kA samAveza ho gayA hai| kucha prasiddha niyuktiyA~ (1) Avazyaka (2) dazavaikAlika (3) uttarAdhyayana, (4) AcArAMga (5) sUtrakRtAMga (6) dazAzrutaskaMdha (7) bRhatkalpa (8) vyavahAra (9) aodha (10) piNDa (11) RSibhaSita (12) nizItha, (13) sUrya (14) saMsakta (15) goviMda (16) aura ArAdhanA / niyuktiyoM kA paricaya (1) Avazyaka niyukti prAcArya bhadrabAhu ne jJAnavAda, gaNadharavAda aura nihnavavAda kA saMkSepa kathana kara sAmAyika ke svarUpa para gambhIra dRSTi DAlI hai| isameM zilpa, lekhana evaM gaNita Adi ke viSayoM kA paricaya, vyavahAra, nIti evaM yuddhavarNana, cikitsA, arthazAstra evaM aneka utsavoM kA samAveza ho gayA hai| vaMdana, dhyAna, pratikramaNa kA nikSepa paddhati se vivecana kiyA hai| prasaMgavaza sundara sUktiyA~ bhI AgaI haiN| jaise "hayaM NANaM kiyAhINaM" "na hu egacakkeNa raho pyaai|" (2) dazavakAlika niyukti -isa niyukti grantha meM AkSepaNI, vikSepaNI, saMveganI aura nivedanI ina cAra kathAoM ke mAdhyama se ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa kA sUkSma vivecana kiyA hai| zramaNacaryA kA sUkSmatA se vivecana huaA hai| yathAprasaMga dhana-dhAnya, ratna aura anekavidha pazuoM kA varNana kiyA hai| dhArmika evaM dArzanika dRSTikoNoM kA bhI sUkSmatA se vivecana huA hai| (3) uttarAdhyayana niyukti-isameM uttara, adhyayana, zruta, skaMdha kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| gati aura prAkIrNa kA dRSTAMta dekara ziSyoM kI vibhinna dazA kA varNana kiyA hai| isameM zikSAprada kathAnakoM kI bahulatA hai| isa niyukti meM gaMdhAra zrAvaka, tosali putra, sthUlabhadra, kAlaka, skaMdalaputra aura karakaMDU Adi kA jIvana saMketa hai| dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai forteltbrary.org
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________________ caturtha khaNDa | 162 AcArAMga niyukti "aMgANaM ki sAro? aayaaro|" AcArAMga samasta aMgoM kA sAra hai| isake prArambha meM prAcAra kyA hai ? isa gambhIra viSaya para cintana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| prAcArAMga aMgoM meM prathama aMga kyoM hai ? aura isakA parimANa kyA hai ? loka, vijaya, karma, samyaktva, vimokSa, zruta, upadhAna aura parijJA Adi zabdoM kI sundara vyAkhyA kI hai| sUtrakRtAMga-niyukti-isake prArambha meM sUtrakRtAMga zabda kI vyAkhyA prastuta kI gaI hai| isake uparAMta gAthA, SoDaza, vibhakti, samAdhi, prAhAra aura pratyAkhyAna Adi zabdoM kI vyAkhyA karake 363 matoM ke siddhAMtoM kI sundara vyAkhyA kI hai| kriyAvAdI, prakriyAvAdI, ajJAnavAdI aura vainayika ina cAra mukhya vAdoM kA sundara zailI se vivecana kiyA hai| dazAtha taskaMdha-niyukti-isameM samAdhi, AzAtanA aura zabala ko vyAkhyA tathA gaNI aura usakI sampadAoM kA ullekha huA hai / citra, upAsaka, pratibhA, paryuSaNa kA bhI kathana hai| isameM pardUSaNa ke paryuSaNa, pajjUsaNa, paryupazamanA, parivasanA, varSAvAsa, sthApanA aura jyeSThagraha paryAyavAcI kahe gae haiN| bRhatkalpa-isa sUtra grantha meM mUla sUtra ke sAtha niryaktiyoM kA sammizraNa ho gayA hai| isameM grAma kyA hai ? nagara kyA hai ? pattana kyA hai ? droNamukha kyA hai ? nigama kyA hai ? aura rAjadhAnI kyA hai ? Adi kaI viSayoM kA rocaka varNana hA hai| yathAprasaMga meM lokakathAnoM kA bhI ullekha hai| isake atirikta zramaNacaryA ke mAhAra-vihAra evaM sthAna prAdi kA varNana hai| vyavahAraniyukti-kalpa aura vyavahAra sUtra kI niyukti kI paraspara zailI, bhAva aura bhASA meM samAnatA hai| isa niyukti meM sAdhanA-pakSa aura siddhAntapakSa ke pramukha kAraNoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai / nizIthaniyukti-sUtragata zabdoM kI vyAkhyA isa grantha kI vizeSatA hai / piNDaniyukti-piNDa kA artha hai-bhojana / isameM prAhAra-zuddhi evaM AhAra-vidhi kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| isa para malayagiri ne vRhadvRtti aura prAcArya vIra ne laghuvRtti likhI hai| oghaniyukti-pogha zabda kI vyAkhyA karake prAcArya bhadrabAha ne zramaNacaryA kI sUkSma vyAkhyA kI hai| pratilekhana, upadhi, pratisevanA, pAlocanA, vizuddhi aura prodha kI vyAkhyA bhI kI gaI hai| ogha kA artha hai-sAmAnya yA sAdhAraNa / arthAt jisa niyukti meM zramaNacaryA ke sAmAnya bhAva evaM kriyA ko pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| saMsaktaniyukti yaha prAcArya bhadrabAhu kI laghuvRtti hai / goviMdaniyukti-isa niyukti ko darzana-prabhAvaka-zAstra bhI kahA gayA hai, kyoMki isa grantha meM darzanazAstra kI dRSTi se jIvAdi tattvoM kI vyAkhyA prastuta kI gaI hai|
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________________ Agama kA vyAkhyAsAhitya | 163 ArAdhanAniyukti-aArAdhanA patAkA ke nAma se bhI isa graMtha ko jAnA jAtA hai / vaTTakera ke mUlAcAra meM isakA ullekha hai / RSibhASitA-pratyekabuddhoM dvArA pratipAdita hone ke kAraNa isa grantha ko RSi-bhASitA kahA gayA hai| isameM cavAlIsa pratyekabuddhoM ke jIvana ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai / sUryaprajJapti-prAcArya bhadrabAhu ne sUryaprajJapti grantha para niyukti likhI hai| isameM jyotiSa, gaNita Adi ke viSayoM kA vivecana huaA hai / bhASya-AgamagranthoM para prAkRta meM bhASya bhI likhe gae haiN| bhASya-zailI padyAtmaka hai| saMghadAsa gaNi, jinabhadra kSamAzramaNa bhASyakAra ke rUpa meM prasiddha haiN| prAgamoM para bhASya vikrama saM. kI sAtavIM zatI meM likhe gae haiN| bRhatakalpabhASya, vyavahAra bhASya, nizIthabhASya vizeSAvAzyaka bhASya, paMcakalpa, jItakalpa aura laghubhASya ye sAta bhASya haiN| inameM bRhatakalpa, vyavahAra, aura nizItha ye tIna bhASya vizAlakAya haiN| bhASyagranthoM kA paricaya bRhatkalpabhASya-isa bhASya meM sAdhu-jIvana ke prAcAra-vicAra para samyak prakAza DAlA gayA hai / vicArabhUmi, vihArabhUmi aura AryakSetra kI vyAkhyA manovaijJAnika DhaMga se prastuta kI gaI hai| "viNAsadhammIsu hi kiM mamattaM" vinAza---zIla vastuoM para mamatva kyoM ? "jaM icchasi appaNatto, jaM ca Na icchasi appaNatto--jaisA vyavahAra tuma dUsaroM se cAhate ho, vaisA hI vyavahAra dUsaroM ke sAtha kro|" aise kaI upadezapUrNa padoM kA kathana isa grantha kI vizeSatA hai / vyavahArabhASya-sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke prAcAra, vicAra, tapa, saMyama, sAdhanA, prAyazcitta evaM inakI vibhinna carvAnoM kA ullekha isa grantha meM vistAra se huA hai| isa para malayagiri ne vivaraNikA likhI hai| ___ isa vyavahArabhASya meM rakSita, Arya kAlaka, sAtavAhana, pradyota aura cANakya inakA ullekha bhI pAyA hai| nizIthabhASya-"jai savvaso abhAvo rAgAdINaM havejja nniddoso|" yadi sAdhaka ke jIvana meM kisI prakAra kA rAga-dveSa nahIM hai, to vaha sAdhaka nirdoSa sAdhaka hai / isI uddezya ko sAmane rakhakara bhASyakAra ne sAdhaka kA paricaya diyA hai| itihAsa, saMskRti, dharma, darzana, jyotiSa evaM vibhinna bhASAoM kA bodha isa vizAlakAya grantha ke mAdhyama se ho jAtA hai| nigraMtha, nigraMthI, saMgha ke kartavya aura akartavya Adi kA vivecana bhI bhASyakAra ne kiyA hai| prasaMgavaza vibhinna loka-kathAeM, samAja-vyavasthA, artha-vyavasthA rAjanIti-vyavasthA kA bhI samAveza ho gayA hai|
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 164 jItakalpa-bhASya-prAcArya jinabhadra kSamAzramaNa ne isa grantha kI racanA kI hai| isa grantha meM prAyazcitta kA mahattva pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| prAyazcitta kI vyutpati isa prakAra kI hai pAvaM chidati jamhA prAyacchittaM ti bhaNNeti teNaM-jisase pApa kA chedana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai| jIta, pAgama, zruta, prAjJA aura dhAraNA ina pAMca vyavahAroM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| bhaktaparijJA, iMginI maraNa, aura pAdapopagamana ina tIna saMllekhanAmoM kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai| paMcakalpabhASya-isameM pA~ca prakAra ke prAcAra kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| kalpa zabda kI vyAkhyA bhI prAcAra kI gaI hai| piNDa bhASya-isa bhASya meM sAdhujIvana ke prAcAra evaM vicAra kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| isameM pATaliputra ke rAjA candragupta aura usake mahAmaMtrI cANakya kA bhI ullekha hai| ogha bhASya-yaha 322 gAthAoM meM nibaddha hai| isameM bhI zramaNacaryA kA ullekha hai| isameM mAlavA deza ke sAmAjika jIvana ko prastuta karane kA ullekha hai tathA zubha, azubha tithiyoM kA bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai| dazavakAlika bhASya-isa bhASya meM mUlaguNoM aura uttaraguNoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| pratyakSa, parokSa, pramANa kI vyAkhyA evaM jIvasiddhi bhI kI gaI hai / uttarAdhyayana bhASya-yaha bhASya nirgranthoM ke svarUpa ko pratipAdita karatA hai| pulAka, vakUza, kUzIla nirgrantha aura snAtaka ke bheda-prabhedoM kA bhI kathana kiyA gayA hai / AvazyakabhASya-yaha sAdhanA tattva ko pratipAdita karanevAlA mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| kyoMki isameM caraNAnuyoga, kathAnuyoga aura dravyAnuyoga ke mAdhyama se sAdhanA ke viSaya ko pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| vizeSAvazyaka bhASya-Avazyaka sUtra para likhA gayA yaha grantha tattvajJAna kI mImAMsA karanevAlA vizvakoSa hai| isameM jJAnavAda, gaNadharavAda aura nihnavavAda kA dArzanika dRSTi se vivecana kiyA hai / isake atirikta isameM sAmAyika, nikSepa kA svarUpa tathA nayoM kA svarUpa bheda-prabheda evaM naya-yojanA kA kathana bhI vistAra se huA hai|| isa para aneka TIkAeM likhI gaI haiM jinameM (i) svopajJavRti (ii) koTyAcArya kI vistRta TIkA (iii) prAcArya maladhArI hemacandrakRta ttiikaa| yaha bhASya samasta prAgamoM aura unakI TIkAmoM meM mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| kyoMki isa bhASya ke pratyeka adhyayana-viSaya kI gambhIratA ko pratipAdita karate haiN| caNi-paricaya cUNi grantha gadya evaM padya donoM hI zailiyoM meM likhe gae haiM / ina cUrNi-granthoM kI bhASA mAtra prAkRta hI nahIM hai, apitu saMskRta bhI hai, jo atyanta sarala evaM subodha hai|
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________________ Agama kA vyAkhyAsAhitya | 165 cUNiyoM kI racanA sAtavIM-pAThavIM zatAbdI ke lagabhaga kI gaI hai| caNikAroM meM siddhasenasUri, pralambasUri aura agastyasiMha-sUri pramukha haiN| prasiddha cUNiyA~ (1) Avazyaka (2) prAcArAMga (3) sUtrakRtAMga (4) dazavakAlika (5) uttarAdhyayana (6) nandI (7) anuyogadvAra (8) vyAkhyA-prajJapti (9) jambUdvIpa-prajJapti (10) jIvAbhigama (11) nizItha (12) mahAnizItha (13) bRhatkalpa (14) vyavahAra (15) dazAzrutaskaMdha (16) jIvakalpa (17) paMcakalpa (18) progha / ina caNiyoM meM dharma, darzana, saMskRti, samAja aura itihAsa Adi kI vipula sAmagrI upalabdha hai| AvazyakacaNi-viSaya-vivecana kI dRSTi se aAvazyaka caNi kA atyanta mahattva hai| isakI bhASA prAMjala hai| isameM saMvAda aura kathAnakoM kI bharamAra hai| isameM RSabhadeva kI sabhI ghaTanAoM kA krama se varNana hai| vibhinna kalAnoM zilpatattva-kumbhakAra, citrakAra, vastrakAra, karmakAra aura kAzyapa kA varNana, brAhmI kI lekhanakalA, sundarI kI gaNitakalA aura bharatAdi kI rAjanIti kA sundara vivecana huA hai| mahAvIra kA janmotsava, dIkSA, sAdhanA, upasarga evaM kaivalya Adi kA varNana, pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke zramaNoM kA kathana, maMkhaliputra gozAlaka, lADha deza kI vajra evaM zubhrabhUmi jamAli, pAryarakSita, tiSyagupta, vajrasvAmI aura vajrasena ke kathAnaka tathA vividha rAjyoM kA varNana yathAprasaMga ho gayA hai| yaha cUNi loka-kathA evaM aitihAsika tathyoM se pUrNa hai / ___ AcArAMgacUNi-AcArAMga kI cUNi meM zramaNa ke prAcAra-vicAra ke sAtha loka-kathAe~ bhI sarala evaM subodha DhaMga se prastuta huI haiM ___ "egammi gAme ekko koDubino dhaNamaMto bahuputto ya' prAdi bahuta hI sarala bhASA meM kathAnaka prastuta kie gae haiN| sUtrakRtAMgaNi-isameM dArzanika tattva evaM loka-kathAoM kI bahulatA hai / Arya evaM anArya deza kI prasiddha kathAoM kA bhI ullekha hai| anArya deza meM rahanevAle Ardra kumAra kI abhayakumAra ke sAtha mitratA kA bhI ullekha hai / dazavakAlikaNi-isa caNi meM loka-kathAoM aura loka-paramparAoM kA ullekha hai| jinadAsa mahattara ne isameM zramaNa ke prAcAra-vicAra kI vyAkhyA prastuta kI hai| prAkRta ke zabdoM kI vyutpati paryApta rUpa se kI gaI hai| udAharaNa ke lie-'duma', rukkha, pAdapa kI vyAkhyA dekhie "dumA nAma bhUmIe, rutti puhavI, khatti AgAsa, tesu dosu vi jahA ThiyA, teNaM rukkhA pAdehi pivantIti pAdapA / pAdA mUlaM bhaNNaMti" kahIM-kahIM para saMvAda-zailI bhI hai, jo par3hane meM ekAMkI evaM nATakoM jaisA AnaMda detI hai|
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________________ kiM macche mArasi / na sabake mipAtu / are ! tuma majjaM piyasi / caturthakhaNDa / 166 uttarAdhyayanacUrNi - jinadAsa mahattara ne isa cUrNa meM saMskRta aura prAkRta ko mizrita kara diyA hai / isameM lokakathAnoM kI bahulatA hai / prasaMgavaza tattvacarcA bhI kI gaI hai / vyutpattiyoM ke lie yaha cUrNi prasiddha hai| kAzyapa zabda kI eka vyutpatti draSTavya hai"kAza -- ucchu, tasya vikAraH, kAsyaH rasaH sa yasya pAnaM, kAzyapa --- usamasAmI, tasya jogA je jAtA te kAsavA, vaddhamANo sAmI kAsavo" naMdicUrNa- - isa cUrNa meM pAMca jJAnoM kA varNana hai / isa cUrNa meM mAthurIvAcanA tathA prAcArya skaMdila ke dvArA zramaNa saMgha ko dI gaI zikSA kA ullekha milatA hai / itihAsa kI mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI aura loka kathAoM kI bahulatA hai / anuyogadvAracUrNi -- isameM cAra anuyoga aura unameM pratipAdya viSaya kA vivecana hai / bhAva, bhASA aura zailI kI dRSTi se yaha mahattvapUrNa hai| isameM vibhinna sabhAnoM, ratha, yAna Adi kA varNana hai / vyAkhyAprajJaptiNi vyAkhyAprajJapti kA dUsarA nAma bhagavatIsUtra hai / isameM mAtra zabdoM kI vyutpatti hI kI gaI hai / jambUdvIpaprajJaptiNi jaMbUdvIpa ke kSetra, vistAra kA sAMgopAMga vaijJAnika evaM gaNita kI dRSTi se isa cUrNa meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai / jIvAbhigamacUrNa- - isa cUrNa meM jIva aura ajIva kI vyAkhyA prastuta karane ke lie inake bhedaprabhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai| isameM gautama gaNadhara dvArA mahAvIra se jIva Adi tattvoM ke viSaya meM pUche gae praznoM kA uttara hai / isa para malayagiri ne TIkA aura haribhadrasUri ne laghuvRtti likhI hai / vazA taskaMdha cUrNa - bhadrabAhu ne isa cUrNa meM prAcArya kAlaka kI kathA sAtavAhana kI kathA evaM siddhasena tathA gozAlaka kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| kaI zramaNoM kI tapazcaryA kA bhI isameM ullekha hai / oghacUNa- isameM progha kI vyAkhyA prastuta karake sAdhu jIvana kA ullekha kiyA hai / nizIthaga- prAkRta bhASya para jo vyAkhyA prastuta kI gaI, vaha nizItha cUrNi kahalAI / cUrNikAra ne kahA hai I "govAyariya kathaM ciya ahaM pi taM ceva u visesA" isameM madhura aura suvAcya zailI meM vizeSa vyAkhyA prAkRta meM hI kI gaI hai / aura alpa mAtra hI saMskRta meM vyAkhyA prastuta kI gaI hai / jinadAsa mahattara ne bar3I gaMbhIratA se pAribhASika zabdoM kI vyAkhyA kI hai, sundara vArtAlApa dvArA isa cUrNa ko adhika rocaka banAyA hai:
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________________ Agama kA vyAkhyAsAhitya / 167 kiM Na gatAsi bhikkhAe ? ajja ! khamaNaM me / kiM NimittaM ? moha - tigicchaM karemi / ahaM pi karemi / isameM prakRticitraNa, siMdha- pradeza, mAlavapradeza, nigraMtha, zAkya, tApasa, gairika, prAjIvaka, cAra anuyoga maMtravidyA prAdi kA ullekha hai| taraMgavatI, malayavatI, dhUrtAkhyAna aura vasudevAcaritra Adi graMthoM kA bhI ullekha hai / mahAnizItha cUrNi - isa graMtha kI abhI taka prApti nahIM ho sakI hai| para isakA anusaMdhAna haribhadrasUri ne kiyA thA / bRhat kalpacUNi -- isa cUrNi ko zramaNoM ke jIvana ko pratipAdita karanevAlA zrAcArazAstra kahA jA sakatA hai / vyavahAracUrNi - yaha cUrNi bhI zramaNacaryA ko prastuta karatI hai / jItakalpa - jinabhadra kSamAzramaNa ne isameM sAdhuzroM ke pAMca vyavahAroM, dasa prakAra ke prAyazcittoM kA ullekha kara vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| paMcakalpa - isameM pA~ca prakAra ke kalpoM kI vyAkhyA prastuta kI gaI hai / saMghadAsa gaNi ne isa para cUrNi likhakara prAcAra - zAstra kI samyag vyAkhyA kI hai / TIkA - paricaya niryuktiyoM bhASyoM, cUrNiyoM ke bAda zrAgamoM para TIkAeM likhI giiN| TIkAeM saMskRta meM hI likhI giiN| niryukti bhASya, cUNi, TIkA, vivRtti, vRtti, vivaraNa, vivecanA, zravacUri, zravacUrNi, dIpikA, vyAkhyA, paJjikA, vibhASA zraura chAyA ko TIkA hI kahA gayA hai / TIkAoM meM lokakalA ko samajhAne kA prAraMbha bhI huprA / parantu TIkAkAroM ne zrAgamoM para saiddhAMtika vivecana ke sAtha dArzanika vivecana bhI vistRtarUpa se kiyA hai / prasiddha TIkAe~ aura unake TIkAkAra TIkAkAroM meM AcArya haribhadrasUri kA nAma pramukha rUpa se liyA jAtA hai / kyoMki inhoMne rAjapraznIya, prajJApanA, dazavekAlika, Avazyaka, naMdI, anuyogadvAra Adi sUtra graMthoM para saMskRta meM sarvaprathama TIkAeM likhI thIM / isake bAda AcArya zIlAMka ne AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga para dArzanika dRSTi se TIkA prastuta kii| zAMtisura ne uttarAdhyayana para 'pAiya TIkA' likhI hai isa para saMskRta TIkA bhI likhI gaI hai / maladhArI hemacaMdra aura koTyAcArya ne vizeSAvazyaka para TIkA likhI / dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai fainelibrary.org
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 168 malayagiri ne rAjapraznoya, jIvAbhigama, prajJApanA, sUryaprajJapti, jaMbUdvIpaprajJapti, caMdraprajJapti Adi upAMga graMthoM para TokAeM likhI haiN| Avazyaka, piNDaniyukti, aodhaniyukti, naMdIsUtra, vyavahArasUtra, bRhatkalpa Adi para bhI TIkAeM likhI haiN| abhayadeva, devasUri, sumatisUri Adi kaI prAcAryoM ne AgamoM para TIkAeM likhiiN| prAgamoM kI TIkAoM kA saMkSipta paricaya:aMga-Agama TIkAkAra 1. prAcArAMga prAcAryazIlAMka, jinahaMsa, 2. sUtrakRtAMga " harSakula 3. sthAnAMga abhayadevasUri, nAgarSi 4. samavAyAMga 5. bhagavatIsUtra 6. jJAtAdharmakathA 7. upAsakadazAMga 8. aMtakRddazAMga 9. anuttaropapAtikadazAMga 10. praznavyAkaraNa jJAnavimala 11. vipAkasUtra pradyumnasUri upAMga-Agama TIkAkAra 1. praupapAtika abhayadevasUri 2. rAjapraznIya haribhadra, malayagiri, devasUri 3. jIvAbhigama malayagiri 4. prajJApanA , haribhadra, kulamaMDala 5. sUryaprajJapti 6 jaMbUdvIpaprajJapti zAMticaMdra, brahmarSi 7. caMdraprajJapti malayagiri 8. kalpikA caMdrasUri, lAbhazrI 9. kalpAvataMsikA 10. puSpikA 11. puSpacUlikA 12. vRSNidazA mUlasUtra TIkAkAra 1. dazavakAlika haribhadra, samayasundaragaNi, tilakAcArya, sumati sUri, aparAjitasUri, vinayahaMsa 2. uttarAdhyayana vAdivetAlasUri, nemicaMdra, kamalasaMyama, lakSmIvallabha, bhAvavijaya
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________________ Agama kA vyAkhyAsAhitya | 169 3. Avazyaka haribhadra, malayagiri, tilakAcArya, koTyAcArya, nami sAdhu, mANikyazekhara 4. piNDaniyukti malayagiri, vIrAcArya athavA aodhaniyukti malayagiri, droNAcArya cUlikA TIkAkAra 1. nandI haribhadra, malayagiri 2. anuyogadvAra haribhadra, maladhArI hemacandra chedasUtra TIkAkAra 1. nizItha pradyumnasUri 2. mahAnizItha 3. vyavahAra malayagiri 4. dazAzrataskaMdha brahmarSi 5. bRhatkalpa malayagiri, kSemakIti sUri 6. paMcakalpa prakIrNaka TIkAkAra 1. catuHzaraNa guNaratnasUri 2. pAtura-pratyAkhyAna 3. mahApratyAkhyAna 4. bhakta-parijJA guNaratna 5. taMdulavaicArika vijayavimala 6. saMstAraka guNaratna gacchAcAra vijayavimala 8. gaNividyA 9. devendrastava 10. maraNa-samAdhi TabbA-paricaya-TIkAmoM ke bAda TabbA vyAkhyA ke likhane kI pravRtti sAmane AI / TabbA prAgamoM para likhI gaI saMkSipta TIkA hai| rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI meM jo vyAkhyAeM likhI gaI ve TabbA khlaaii| TabbAkAroM meM pArzvacaMda aura dharmasiMha jI mahArAja kA nAma ullekhanIya hai / anuvAda-AgamoM para jo bhASAMtara likhe gae, unheM anuvAda kahA gyaa| anuvAdoM meM mukhya tIna bhASAeM pAtI haiM (1) hiMdI-AtmArAma, javAharalAla, ghAsIlAla, hastImala, saubhAgyamala, amaracaMda (2) aMgrejI-haramana jaikIvI, abhyaMkara (3) gujarAtI- becaradAsa, jIvAbhAI paTela, dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, saubhAgyamuni / Agamayuga kI isa vyAkhyAparaka paramparA kA mUlyAMkana honA ati Avazyaka hai| -piU kuja, 3 araviMda nagara, udayapura (rAja.) 313001 dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai| www.jainelibrarvorg