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________________ Agama sAhitya meM prakIrNakoM kA sthAna, mahattva, racanAkAla evaM racayitA Agama-sAhitya meM prakIrNakoM kA sthAna AcArya jinaprabha ke vidhimArgaprapA (lagabhaga IsA kI terahavIM zatI) meM kisI bhI dhArmika paramparA kA AdhAra usake dharmagrantha hote haiM, milatA hai| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki terahavIM zatI se pUrva AgamoM jinheM vaha pramANabhUta mAnakara calatI hai| jisa prakAra musalamAnoM ke ke vargIkaraNa meM kahIM bhI prakIrNaka varga kA spaSTa nirdeza nahIM hai, kintu liye kurAna, IsAiyoM ke liye bAibila, bauddhoM ke liye tripiTaka aura isase yaha niSkarSa nahIM nikAla lenA cAhiye ki usake pUrva na to hinduoM ke liye veda pramANabhUta grantha haiM, usI prakAra jainoM ke liye prakIrNaka sAhitya thA aura na hI inakA koI ullekha thaa| Agama pramANabhUta grantha haiN| sarvaprathama tattvArthasUtra, nandIsUtra aura aMga-AgamoM meM sarvaprathama samavAyAMgasUtra meM prakIrNaka kA ullekha pAkSikasUtra meM AgamoM kA vargIkaraNa aMgabAhya ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA huA hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke caurAsI hajAra hai| paramparAgata avadhAraNA yaha hai ki tIrthaGkaroM dvArA upadiSTa aura gaNadharoM ziSyoM dvArA racita caurAsI hajAra prakIrNaka the| paramparAgata avadhAraNA dvArA racita grantha aMgapraviSTa Agama kahe jAte haiN| inakI saMkhyA bAraha yaha hai ki jisa tIrthaGkara ke jitane ziSya hote haiM, usake zAsana meM hai, jo zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM meM samAna rUpa se svIkRta utane hI prakIrNaka granthoM kI racanA hotI hai| sAmAnyatayA prakIrNaka hai| ina aMga-AgamoM ke nAma haiM-1. AcArAMga, 2. sUtrakRtAMga, zabda kA tAtparya hotA hai-vividha grnth| mujhe aisA lagatA hai ki prArambha 3. sthAnAMga, 4. samavAyAMga, 5.vyAkhyAprajJapti, 6. jJAtAdharmakathAMga, meM AgamoM ke atirikta sabhI grantha prakIrNaka kI koTi meM mAne jAte 7. upAsakadazAMga, 8. antakRddazAMga, 9. anuttaraupapAtikadazA the| aMga-AgamoM se itara Avazyaka, Avazyaka-vyatirikta, kAlika 10. praznavyAkaraNadazA, 11. vipAkadazA aura 12. dRssttivaad| inake evaM utkAlika ke rUpa meM vargIkRta sabhI grantha prakIrNaka kahalAte the| nAma aura krama ke sambandha meM bhI donoM paramparAoM meM ekarUpatA hai| mere isa kathana kA pramANa yaha hai ki SaTkhaNDAgama kI dhavalA TIkA mUlabhUta antara yaha hai ki jahA~ zvetAmbara-paramparA Aja bhI dRSTivAda meM bAraha aMga-AgamoM se bhinna aMgabAhya granthoM ko prakIrNaka nAma diyA ke atirikta zeSa gyAraha aMgoM kA astitva svIkAra karatI hai, vahA~ gayA hai| usameM uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, RSibhASita Adi ko bhI digambara-paramparA Aja mAtra dRSTivAda ke AdhAra para nirmita kasAyapAhuDa, prakIrNaka hI kahA gayA hai| yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki prakIrNaka nAma se SaTakhaNDAgama Adi ke atirikta ina aMga-AgamoM ko vilupta mAnatI hai| abhihita athavA prakIrNava varga meM samAhita sabhI granthoM ke nAma ke aMgabAhya ve grantha haiM jo jinavacana ke AdhAra para sthaviroM ke anta meM prakIrNaka zabda nA milatA hai| mAtra kucha hI grantha aise haiM dvArA likhe gae haiN| nandIsUtra meM aMga-bAhya AgamoM ko bhI prathamataH jinake nAma ke anta meM parNaka zabda kA ullekha huA hai| phira do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai-1. Avazyaka aura 2. Avazyaka bhI itanA nizcita hai ki prakIrNakoM kA astitva ati prAcIna kAla vytirikt| Avazyaka ke antargata sAmAyika, caturviMzatistava, vaMdanA meM bhI rahA hai, cAhe unheM prakIrNaka nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA ho pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga aura pratyAkhyAna- ye cha: grantha sammilita rUpa athavA na kiyA gayA ho| nandIsUtrakAra ne aMga-AgamoM ko chor3akara se Ate haiM, jinheM Aja AvazyakasUtra ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| Agama rUpa meM mAnya sabhI granthoM ko prakIrNaka kahA hai| ata: 'prakIrNaka' isI grantha meM Avazyaka-vyatirikta Agama-granthoM ko bhI punaH do bhAgoM zabda Aja jitane saMkucita artha meM hai utanA pUrva meM nahIM thaa| umAsvAti meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai-1. kAlika aura 2. utkaalik| Aja aura devavAcaka ke samaya meM to aMga-AgamoM ke atirikta zeSa sabhI prakIrNakoM meM vargIkRta nau grantha inhIM do vibhAgoM ke antargata ullikhita AgamoM ko prakIrNaka meM hI samAhita kiyA jAtA thaa| isase jain-aagmhaiN| isameM kAlika ke antargata RSibhASita aura dvIpasAgaraprajJapti, ina sAhitya meM prakIrNaka kA kyA sthAna hai, yaha siddha ho jAtA hai| prAcIna do prakIrNakoM kA ullekha milatA hai, jabaki utkAlika ke antargata dRSTi se to aMga-AgamoM ke atirikta sampUrNa jaina-Agamika sAhitya devendrastava, tandulavaicArika , candravedhyaka, gaNividyA, AturapratyAkhyAna, prakIrNaka varga ke antargata AtA hai| mahApratyAkhyAna aura maraNavibhakti ina sAta prakIrNakoM kA ullekha hai| vartamAna meM prakIrNaka-varga ke antargata dasa grantha mAnane kI jo prAcIna AgamoM meM aisA kahIM bhI spaSTa ullekha nahIM hai ki amuka- paramparA hai, vaha na kevala arvAcIna hai apitu isa sandarbha meM zvetAmbaraamuka grantha prakIrNaka ke antargata Ate haiN| nandIsUtra aura pAkSikasUtra AcAryoM meM paraspara matabheda bhI hai ki ina dasa prakIrNakoM meM kauna donoM meM hI AgamoM ke vibhinna vargoM meM kahIM bhI prakIrNaka-varga kA se grantha samAhita kiye jaaeN| pradyumnasUri ne vicArasAraprakaraNa (caudahavIM ullekha nahIM hai| yadyapi ina donoM granthoM meM Aja hama jinheM prakIrNaka zatAbdI) meM paiMtAlIsa AgamoM kA ullekha karate hue kucha prakIrNakoM mAna rahe haiM, unameM se aneka kA ullekha kAlika evaM utkAlika AgamoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| Agama-prabhAkara munipuNyavijayajI ne cAra ke antargata huA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki AgamoM kA aMga, alaga-alaga sandarbho meM prakIrNakoM kI alaga-alaga sUciyA~ prastuta upAMga, cheda, mUla, cUlikA aura prakIrNaka ke rUpa meM ullekha sarvaprathama kI haiN|"
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________________ - cIndarimArakagranya - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya - ata: dasa prakIrNaka ke antargata kina-kina granthoM ko samAhita prakIrNaka meM mukhya rUpa se caturvidha saMgha ke mahattva ko spaSTa karate hue karanA cAhiye, isa sandarbha meM zvetAmbara-AcAryoM meM kahIM bhI ekarUpatA jaina-sAdhanA kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| AturapratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna, dekhane ko nahIM milatI hai| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki prakIrNaka maraNasamAdhi, saMstAraka, ArAdhanApatAkA, ArAdhanAprakaraNa, bhaktapratyAkhyAna granthoM kI saMkhyA dasa hai, yaha mAnyatA na kevala paravartI hai apitu usameM Adi prakIrNaka jaina-sAdhanA ke antima caraNa samAdhimaraNa kI pUrva taiyArI ekarUpatA kA bhI abhAva hai| bhinna-bhinna zvetAmbara AcArya bhinna-bhinna aura usakI sAdhanA kI vizeSa vidhiyoM kA citraNa prastuta karate haiN| isa sUciyA~ prastuta karate rahe haiM unameM kucha nAmoM meM to ekarUpatA hotI prakAra prakIrNaka sAhitya meM jainavidyA ke vividha pakSoM kA samAveza huA hai, kintu sabhI nAmoM meM ekarUpatA kA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai| jahA~ hai, jo jaina-sAhitya ke kSetra meM unake mUlya aura mahattva ko spaSTa kara detA hai| taka digambara-paramparA kA prazna hai usameM tattvArthabhASya kA anusaraNa karate hue aMga-AgamoM ke atirikta anya granthoM ko prakIrNaka kahane kI hI prakIrNaka sAhitya kA racanAkAla paramparA rahI hai| ata: prakIrNakoM kI saMkhyA amuka hI hai, yaha kahane jahA~ taka prakIrNakoM kI prAcInatA kA prazna hai unameM se aneka kA koI mANika AdhAra nahIM hai| vastutaH aMga-Agama sAhitya ke prakIrNakoM kA ullekha nandIsUtra meM hone se ve usase prAcIna siddha ho atirakti sampUrNa aMgabAhya Agama-sAhitya prakIrNaka ke antargata Ate jAte haiN| mAtra yahI nahIM prakIrNaka nAma se abhihita granthoM meM se aneka haiN| isa prakAra prakIrNaka sAhitya jaina-Agama-sAhitya ke ati vizAla to aMga-AgamoM kI apekSA prAcIna stara ke rahe haiM, kyoMki RSibhASita bhAga kA paricAyaka hai aura unakI saMkhyA ko dasa taka sImita karane kA sthAnAMga evaM samavAyAMga meM ullekha hai| RSibhASita Adi kucha kA dRSTikoNa paryApta rUpa se paravartI aura vivAdAspada hai| aise prakIrNaka haiM jo bhASA-zailI, viSaya-vastu Adi aneka AdhAroM para AcArAMgasUtra ke prathama zrutaskandha ko chor3akara zeSa AgamoM kI apekSA prakIrNaka sAhitya kA mahattva bhI prAcIna haiN| RSibhASita usa kAla kA grantha hai, jaba jainadharma sImita yadyapi vartamAna meM zvetAmbara jainoM ke sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI sImAoM meM Abaddha nahIM huA thA varan usameM anya paramparAoM ke zramaNoM sampradAya prakIrNakoM ko AgamoM ke antargata mAnya nahIM karate haiM, kintu ko bhI Adara pUrvaka sthAna prApta thaa| isa grantha kI racanA usa yuga prakIrNakoM kI viSaya-vastu kA adhyayana karane se aisA lagatA hai ki meM sambhava nahIM thI, jaba jainadharma bhI sampradAya ke kSudra ghere meM Abaddha aneka prakIrNaka aMga-AgamoM kI apekSA bhI sAdhanA kI dRSTi se ho gyaa| lagabhaga I0 pU0 tIsarI zatAbdI se jainadharma meM jo sAmpradAyika mahattvapUrNa haiN| yadyapi yaha satya hai ki AcArya vIrabhadra dvArA IsA kI abhiniveza dRr3ha ho rahe the, usake saMketa sUtrakRtAMgasUtra aura bhagavatIsUtra dasavIM zatI meM racita kucha prakIrNaka arvAcIna hai, kintu isase sampUrNa jaise prAcIna AgamoM meM bhI mila rahe haiN| bhagavatIsUtra meM jisa maMkhaliputra prakIrNakoM kI arvAcInatA siddha nahIM hotii| viSaya-vastu kI dRSTi se gozAlaka kI kaTu AlocanA hai, use RSibhASita arhat RSi kahatA prakIrNaka sAhitya meM jainavidyA ke vividha pakSoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| AturapratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna, taMdulavaicArika, maraNavibhakti hai| jahA~ taka devendrastava aura dvIpasAgaraprajJapti prakIrNaka kA prazna hai, Adi prakIrNaka sAhitya ke aise grantha haiM-jo sampradAyagata AgrahoM ve mukhyataH jaina khagola aura bhUgola kI carcA karate haiN| isI prakAra se mukta haiN| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM RSibhASita ke aneka RSiyoM kA titthogAlI prakIrNaka meM bhI jaina-kAla-vyavasthA kA citraNa vibhinna sammAnapUrvaka ullekha aura unheM arhat paramparA dvArA sammata mAnA jAnA bhaugolika kSetroM ke sandarbha meM huA hai| jyotiSkaraNDaka aura gaNividyA- bhI yahI sUcita karatA hai ki RSibhASita ina aMga-AgamoM se bhI prAcIna prakIrNaka kA sambandha mukhyatayA jaina-jyotiSa se hai| titthogAlI prakIrNaka hai| puna: RSibhASita jaise kucha prAcIna prakIrNakoM kI bhASA kA ardhamAgadhI mukhyarUpa se prAcIna jaina-itihAsa ko prastuta karatA hai| zvetAmbara-paramparA svarUpa tathA AgamoM kI apekSA unakI bhASA meM mahArASTrI bhASA kI meM titthogAlI hI ekamAtra aisA prakIrNaka hai jisameM AgamajJAna ke kramika alpatA bhI yahI siddha karatI hai ki ye grantha prAcIna stara ke haiN| nandIsUtra uccheda kI bAta kahI gaI hai| sArAvalI prakIrNaka meM mukhya rUpa se meM prakIrNaka ke nAma se abhihita nau granthoM kA ullekha bhI yahI siddha zatruJjaya mahAtIrtha kI kathA aura mahattva ullikhita hai| taMdulavaicArika karatA hai ki kama se kama ye nau prakIrNaka to nandIsUtra se pUrvavartI prakIrNaka jaina-jIvavijJAna kA sundara aura saMkSipta paricaya prastuta karatA haiN| nandIsUtra kA kAla vidvAnoM ne vikrama kI pA~cavIM zatI mAnA hai, hai| isI prakAra aMgavidyA nAmaka prakIrNaka mAnava-zarIra ke aMga-pratyaMgoM ata: ye prakIrNaka usase pUrva ke haiN| isI prakAra samavAyAMgasUtra meM spaSTa ke vivaraNa ke sAtha-sAtha unake zubhAzubha lakSaNoM kA bhI citraNa karatA rUpa se prakIrNakoM kA nirdeza bhI yahI siddha karatA hai ki samavAyAMgasUtra hai aura unake AdhAra para phalAdeza bhI prastuta karatA hai| isa prakAra ke racanAkAla arthAt vikrama kI tIsarI zatI meM bhI aneka prakIrNakoM isa grantha kA sambandha zarIra-racanA evaM phalita jyotiSa donoM viSayoM kA astitva thaa| se hai| gacchAcAra prakIrNaka meM jaina-saMgha-vyavasthA kA citraNa upalabdha ina prakIrNakoM meM devendrastava ke racanAkAra RSipAlita haiN| kalpasUtra hotA hai, jabaki candravedhyaka prakIrNaka meM guru-ziSya ke sambandha evaM sthavirAvalI meM RSipAlita kA ullekha hai| inakA kAla IsA-pUrva prathama zikSA- sambandhoM kA nirdeza hai| vIrastava prakIrNaka meM mahAvIra ke vividha zatI ke lagabhaga hai| isakI vistRta carcA hamane devendrastava (deviMdatthao) vizeSaNa ke artha kI vyutpattiparaka vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| catuHzaraNa kI prastAvanA meM kI hai" (icchuka pAThaka use vahA~ dekha sakate haiN)|
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________________ catIndrasariramArakagranya - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya abhI-abhI 'sambodhi' patrikA meM zrI lalita kumAra kA eka zodha-lekha kI racanA ke pazcAt lagabhaga pA~cavIM-chaThI zatI meM astitva meM AyA prakAzita huA hai, jisameM unhoMne purAtAttvika AdhAroM para yaha siddha hai| cU~ki mUlAcAra aura bhagavatI-ArAdhanA donoM granthoM meM guNasthAna kiyA hai ki devendrastava kI racanA I0pU0 prathama zatI meM yA usake kA ullekha milatA hai, ata: ye grantha pA~cavIM zatI ke bAda kI racanAe~ bhI kucha pUrva huI hogii| prakIrNakoM meM nimnalikhita prakIrNaka vIrabhadra haiM jabaki AturapratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna aura maraNasamAdhi kA ullekha kI racanA kahe jAte haiM-causaraNa, AurapaccakkhANa, bhattapariNNA aura nandIsUtra meM hone se ye grantha pA~cavIM zatI ke pUrva kI racanAe~ haiN| aaraadhnaaptaakaa| ArAdhanApatAkA kI prazasti meM 'vikkamanivakAlAo 2. mUlAcAra meM saMkSiptapratyAkhyAna aura mahApratyAkhyAna nAmaka aTThattarime-samAsahassammi' yA pAThabheda se aTThabheda se samAsahassammi' adhyayana banAkara unameM AturapratyAkhyAna aura mahApratyAkhyAna nAmaka ke ullekha ke anusAra inakA racanAkAla I0 san 1008 yA 1078 donoM granthoM ko samAhita kiyA gayA hai| isase yahI siddha hotA hai siddha hotA hai| isa prakAra prakIrNaka nAma se abhihita granthoM meM jahA~ ki ye grantha pUrvavartI haiM aura mUlAcAra paravartI hai| RSibhASita I0 pU0 pA~cavIM zatI kI racanA hai, vahIM ArAdhanApatAkA 3. bhagavatI-ArAdhanA meM bhI maraNavibhakti ko aneka gAthAe~ samAna - I0 san kI dasavIM yA gyArahavIM zatI ke pUrvArddha kI racanA hai| isa rUpa se milatI haiN| varNya-viSaya kI samAnatA hote hue bhI bhagavatIprakAra prakIrNaka sAhitya meM samAhita grantha lagabhaga pandraha sau varSa kI ArAdhanA meM jo vistAra hai, vaha maraNavibhakti meM nahIM hai| prAcIna stara sudIrgha avadhi meM nirmita hote rahe haiM, phira bhI causaraNa, paravartI ke grantha mAtra zrutaparamparA se kaNThastha kiye jAte the, ata: ve AkAra AurapaccakkhANa, bhattapariNNA, saMthAraga aura ArAhanApaDAyA ko meM saMkSipta hote the tAki unheM sugamatA se yAda rakhA jA sake, jabaki chor3akara zeSa prakIrNaka I0 san kI pA~cavI zatI ke pUrva kI racanAe~ lekhana-paramparA ke vikasita hone ke pazcAt vizAlakAya grantha nirmita haiN| jJAtavya hai ki mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI se prakAzita hone lge| mUlAcAra aura bhagavatI-ArAdhanA donoM vizAla grantha haiM, 'paiNNayasuttAI' meM AurapaccakkhANa ke nAma se tIna grantha upalabdha ata: ve prakIrNakoM se apekSAkRta paravartI haiN| vastutaH prakIrNaka sAhitya hote haiM, inameM vIrabhadra racita AurapaccakkhANa paravartI hai, kintu nandIsUtra ke ve sabhI grantha jo nandIsUtra aura pAkSikasUtra meM ullikhita haiM aura meM ullikhita AurapaccakkhANa to prAcIna hI hai| vartamAna meM upalabdha haiM, nizcita hI IsA kI pA~cavIM zatI pUrva ke hai| yahA~ para yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki prakIrNakoM kI aneka gAthAe~ zvetAmbara- prakIrNakoM meM jyotiSkaraNDaka nAmaka prakIrNaka kA bhI mahattvapUrNa mAnya aMga-AgamoM evaM uttarAdhyayanasUtra, dazavaikAlikasUtra jaise prAcIna stara sthAna hai| isameM zramaNa gandhahastI aura pratihastI kA ullekha milatA ke Agama granthoM meM bhI pAyI jAtI haiN| gadya aMga-AgamoM, meM padyarUpa hai| isameM yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki jisa viSaya kA sUryaprajJapti meM meM ina gAthAoM kI upasthiti bhI yahI siddha karatI hai ki unameM ye vistAra se vivecana hai, usI ko saMkSepa meM yahA~ diyA gayA hai| tAtparya gAthAe~ prakIrNakoM se avatarita haiN| yaha kArya valabhIvAcanA ke pUrva huA yaha hai ki yaha prakIrNaka sUryaprajJapti ke AdhAra para nirmita kiyA gayA hai, ata: phalita hotA hai ki nandIsUtra meM ullikhita prakIrNaka hai| isameM kartA ke rUpa meM pAdaliptAcArya kA bhI spaSTa ullekha huA valabhIvAcanA ke pUrva racita haiN| taMdulavaicArika kA ullekha dazavaikAlika hai| pAdaliptAcArya kA ullekha niyukti-sAhitya meM bhI upalabdha hotA kI prAcIna agastyasiMha cUrNi meM hai| isase usakI prAcInatA siddha hai (lagabhaga IsA kI prathama shtii)| isase yahI phalita hotA hai ki ho jAtI hai| yaha cUrNi anya cUrNiyoM kI apekSA prAcIna mAnI gayI hai| jyotiSkaraNDaka kA racanAkAla bhI I0 san kI prathama zatI hai| aMgabAhya digambara-paramparA meM mUlAcAra, bhagavatI-ArAdhanA aura kundakunda AgamoM meM sUryaprajJapti, jisake AdhAra para isa grantha kI racanA huI, ke granthoM meM prakIrNakoM kI saikar3oM gAthAe~ apane zaurasenI rUpAntaraNa eka prAcIna grantha hai kyoMki isameM jo jyotiSa sambandhI vivaraNa haiM, meM milatI haiN| mUlAcAra ke saMkSipta pratyAkhyAna aura mahApratyAkhyAna vaha IsavI pUrva ke haiM, usake AdhAra para bhI isakI prAcInatA siddha nAmaka adhyAyoM meM to AturapratyAkhyAna evaM mahApratyAkhyAna ina donoM hotI hai| sAtha hI isakI bhASA meM ardhamAgadhI rUpoM kI pracuratA bhI prakIrNakoM kI lagabhaga sattara se adhika gAthAe~ haiN| isI prakAra ise prAcIna grantha siddha karatI hai| maraNavibhakti prakIrNaka kI lagabhaga zatAdhika gAthAe~ bhagavatI-ArAdhanA ataH prakIrNakoM ke racanAkAla kI pUrva sImA I0pU0 caturtha-tRtIya meM milatI haiN| isase yahI phalita hotA hai ki ye prakIrNaka grantha mUlAcAra zatI se prArambha hotI hai| paravartI kucha prakIrNaka jaise kuzalAnubaMdhi evaM bhagavatI-ArAdhanA se pUrva ke haiN| mUlAcAra evaM bhagavatI-ArAdhanA adhyayana, catuHzaraNa, bhaktaparijJA Adi vIrabhadra kI racanA mAne jAte ke racanAkAla ko lekara cAhe kitanA bhI matabheda ho, kintu itanA haiM, ve nizcita hI IsA kI dasavIM zatI kI racanAe~ haiN| isa prakAra nizcita hai ki ye grantha IsA kI chaThI zatI se paravartI nahIM haiN| prakIrNaka sAhitya kA racanAkAla I0pU0 caturtha zatI se prArambha hokara yadyapi yaha prazna uThAyA jA sakatA hai ki prakIrNaka meM ye gAthAe~ IsA kI dasavIM zatI taka arthAt lagabhaga pandraha sau varSoM kI sudIrgha ina yApanIya/acela paramparA ke granthoM se lI gayI hoMgI, kintu aneka avadhi taka vyApta hai| pramANoM ke AdhAra para yaha dAvA nirasta ho jAtA hai| jinameM se kucha pramANa isa prakAra haiM prakIrNakoM ke racayitA 1. guNasthAna siddhAnta umAsvAti ke tattvArthasUtra aura AcArAMganiyukti prakIrNaka sAhitya ke racanAkAla ke sambandha meM vicAra karate hue
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________________ - yatIndasUriramArakanya-jena Agama evaM sAhitya - hamane yaha pAyA hai ki adhikAMza prakIrNaka granthoM ke racayitA ke sandarbha sau varSoM kI sudIrgha avadhi meM prakIrNaka sAhitya likhA jAtA rahA hai| meM kahIM koI ullekha nahIM hai| prAcIna stara ke prakIrNakoM meM RSibhASita, kintu itanA nizcita hai ki adhikAMza mahattvapUrNa grantha IsA kI pA~cavIMcandravedhyaka, AturapratyAkhyAna, mahApratyAkhyAna, maraNasamAdhi, gaNividyA, chaThI zatAbdI taka likhe jA cuke the| ve sabhI prakIrNaka jo nandIsUtra saMstAraka Adi meM lekhaka ke nAma kA kahIM bhI nirdeza nahIM hai| mAtra meM ullikhita haiM, vastuta: prAcIna haiM aura unameM jainoM ke sampradAyagata devendrastava aura jyotiSkaraNDaka do hI prAcIna prakIrNaka aise haiM, jinakI vibheda kI koI sUcanA nahIM hai| mAtra titthogAlI, sArAvalI Adi kucha antima gAthAoM meM spaSTa rUpa se lekhaka ke nAmoM kA ullekha huA paravartI prakIrNakoM meM prakArAntara se jainoM ke sAmpradAyika matabhedoM kI hai| devendrastava ke kartA ke rUpa meM RSipAlita aura jyotiSkaraNDaka kiJcit sUcanA milatI hai| prAcIna stara ke ina prakIrNakoM meM se adhikAMza ke kartA ke rUpa meM pAdaliptAcArya ke nAmoM kA ullekha kalpasUtra / mUlata: AdhyAtmika sAdhanA aura vizeSa rUpa se samAdhimaraNa kI sAdhanA sthavirAvalI meM mahAvIra kI paTTaparamparA meM terahaveM sthAna para AtA hai ke viSaya meM prakAza DAlate haiN| ye grantha nivRttimUlaka jIvanadRSTi ke aura isa AdhAra para ve I0 pU0 prathama zatAbdI ke lagabhaga ke siddha prastotA haiN| yaha hamArA durbhAgya hai ki jaina-paramparA ke kucha sampradAyoM hote haiN| pasUtra sthavirAvalI meM inake dvArA koTikagaNa kI meM vizeSa rUpa se digambara, sthAnakavAsI aura terApaMthI paramparAoM meM RSipAlita zAkhA prArambha huI, aisA bhI ullekha hai| isa sandarbha meM inakI Agama rUpa meM mAnyatA nahIM hai, kintu yadi niSpakSa bhAva se aura vistAra se carcA hamane devendrastava prakIrNaka kI bhUmikA meM kI ina prakIrNakoM kA adhyayana kiyA jAya to inameM aisA kucha bhI nahIM hai| 12 devendrastava ke kartA RSipAlita kA samaya lagabhaga I0 pU0 prathama hai jo ina paramparAoM kI mAnyatA ke virodha meM jAtA ho| Agama-saMsthAna, zatAbdI hai| isa tathya kI puSTi zrI lalita kumAra ne apane eka zodha-lekha udayapura dvArA ina prakIrNakoM kA hindI meM anuvAda karake jo mahattvapUrNa meM kI hai, jisakA nirdeza bhI hama pUrva meM kara cuke haiN| jyotiSkaraNDaka kArya kiyA jA rahA hai, AzA hai, usake mAdhyama se ye grantha una paramparAoM ke kartA pAdaliptAcArya kA ullekha hameM niyukti-sAhitya meM upalabdha / meM bhI pahuMceMge aura unameM inake adhyayana aura paThana-pAThana kI ruci hotA hai| 13 AryarakSita ke samakAlika hone se ve lagabhaga IsA kI vikasita hogii| vastuta: prakIrNaka sAhitya kI upekSA prAkRta sAhitya prathama zatAbdI ke hI siddha hote haiN| unake vyaktitva ke sandarbha meM bhI ke eka mahattvapUrNa pakSa kI upekSA hai| isa dizA meM Agama-saMsthAna, cUrNi-sAhitya aura paravartI prabandhoM meM vistAra se ullekha milatA hai| udayapura ne sAmpradAyika AgrahoM se Upara uThakara inake anuvAda ko __kusalANubaMdhi adhyayana aura bhaktaparijJA ke kartA ke rUpa meM bhI prakAzita karane kI yojanA ko apane hAtha meM liyA aura inakA prakAzana AcArya vIrabhadra kA hI ullekha milatA hai| 14 vIrabhadra ke kAla ke sambandha / karake apanI udAravRtti kA paricaya diyA hai| prakIrNaka sAhitya ke meM aneka pravAda pracalita haiM jinakI carcA hamane gacchAcAra prakIrNaka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana ke uddezya ko lekara inake dvArA prakAzita 'prakIrNaka kI bhUmikA meM kI hai| hamArI dRSTi meM vIrabhadra IsA kI dasavIM zatAbdI sAhitya : adhyayana evaM samIkSA' nAmaka pustaka prakIrNakoM ke viSaya ke uttarArddha aura gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha ke AcArya haiN| meM vistRta jAnakArI detI hai| AzA hai sudhIjana saMsthA ke ina prayatnoM isa prakAra niSkarSa rUpa meM hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki IsvI pUrva ko protsAhita kareMge, jisake mAdhyama se prAkRta-sAhitya kI yaha amUlya caturtha zatAbdI se lekara IsA kI dasavIM zatAbdI taka lagabhaga pandraha nidhi jana-jana taka pahu~cakara unake Atma-kalyANa meM sahAyaka bnegii| sandarbha 1. 'aMgabAhiracoddasapaiNNayajjhAyA'-dhavalA, pustaka 13, khaNDa 5, 2 bhAga 5,sUtra 48, pR0 267, uddhRta-jainendra siddhAnta koza, pR070| vahI, pR0 70 / nandIsUtra, sampA0-muni madhukara, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara, - 1982, sUtra 81 / / uddhRta-paiNNayasuttAI, sampA0-muni puNyavijaya, mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, bambaI, 1984, bhAga 1, prastAvanA, pR021| 5. vahI,prastAvanA, pR0 20-21 / / chaka). sthAnAGgasUtra, sampA0-madhukaramuni, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara, 1981, sthAna 10, sUtra 116 / (kha) samavAyAGgasUtra, sampA0-muni madhukara, Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara, 1982, samavAya 44, sUtra 258 / 7. devidatthao (devendrastava), Agama, ahiMsA-samatA evaM prAkRta saMsthAna, udayapura, 1988, bhUmikA, pR0 18-22 / 8. Sambodhi, L.D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad, Vol. XVIII, Year 1992-93, pp. 74-76 9. ArAdhanApatAkA (AcArya vIrabhadra), gAthA 987 / 10. dazavaikAlika cUrNi, pR0 3, paM012-uddhRta paiNNayasuttAI, bhAga 1, prastAvanA, pR019|| 11. (ka) devendrastava prakIrNaka, gAthA 310 / (kha) jyotiSkaraNDaka prakIrNaka, gAthA 403-406 / 12. deviMdatthao, bhUmikA, pR0 18-22 / 13. piMDaniyukti, gAthA 498 / 14. (ka) kusalANubaMdhi adhyayana prakIrNaka, gAthA 63 / (kha) bhaktaparijJA prakIrNaka, gAthA 172 / 15. gacchAyAra paiNNaya (gacchAcAra-prakIrNaka), Agama,ahiMsA-samatA evaM prAkRta saMsthAna, udayapura, 1994, bhUmikA, pR020-21|