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________________ aitareya AraNyakameM prANa-mahimA ___ AcArya viSNudatta garga 'aitareyabrAhmaNe'sti kANDamAraNyakAbhidham / araNya eva pAThyatvAt AraNyakamitIryate // ' AraNyaka tathA upaniSad brAhmaNoM ke pariziSTa granthake samAna haiM, jinameM brAhmaNa granthoMke sAmAnya pratipAdya viSayase bhinna viSayoMkA pratipAdana sarvatra dRSTi gocara hotA hai| inakA mukhya viSaya yajJa nahIM, pratyuta yajJa-yAgoMke bhItara vidyamAna AdhyAtmika tathyoMkI mImAMsA hai| saMhitAke mantroMmeM jisa vidyAkA saGketa mAtra upalabdha hotA hai, AraNyakoMmeM unhIM bIjoMkA pallavana hai / cAroM vedoMse sambaddha jaise alaga alaga sabake brAhmaNa grantha hai vaise hI unapara AzrIyamANa AraNyaka bhii| etareya AraNyaka Rgvedake AraNyakoMmeM anyatara hai, jo aitareya brAhmaNakA hI pariziSTa bhAga hai| isameM 5 pA~ca bhAga hai jo viSaya-vibhAga va sampradAya bhedase pRthakpRthak grantha ke rUpameM mAne jAte hai / tathAhi___ 'tatra gavAmayanamityAkhyasya saMvatsarAtmakasatrasya zeSo mahAvratanAmakaM karma prathamAraNyakasya vipayaH / dvitIyasya tRtIyasya cAraNyakasya jJAnakANDaM viSayaH / caturthAraNyake'raNyAdhyayanArthAH 'vidAmaghavan' mahAnAmnyAkhyAyamantrAH procyante / paJcame tvAraNyake mahAvratAkhyakarmaNa eva prayoga ucyate / tadevamaitareyAraNyake prathamaM caturthaM paJcamaM cAraNyaka karmaparam, dvitIyaM tRtIyaM ca jJAnakANDamityavasIyate / ' vaise to isameM vANI evaM manake svarUpa va usako mahimA, svAdhyAya dharma va adhyApana niyama, mAnava jIvanake Adarza uddezya, rAjanIti, yajJa, candramA-Aditya-prajApati-varuNa Adi devoMkA varNana, svargAdilokoM kI kalpanA, anna, Rtu, oSadhi, vanaspatiyoMkA varNana, manuSya, pazu Adike svabhAvakA varNana, adhyAtma-vidyA va brahmavidyAkA nirUpaNa, jaise vividha viSayoMkA vivecana kiyA gayA hai kintu dvitIya prapAThakake prathama tIna adhyAyoMmeM uktha yA niSkevalya zastra tathA prANa vidyA aura puruSakA jo vyAkhyAna hai, vaha sarvathA spRhaNIya hai| ina sabameM prANavidyAkA mahattva AraNyakakA viziSTa viSaya pratIta hotA hai| araNyakA zAnta vAtAvaraNa isa vidyAkI upAsanAke lie nitAnta upAdeya hai| isa prakAra AraNyaka na kevala prANa-vidyAko apanI anokhI sUjha batalAte haiM, apitu Rgvedake mantroM ko bhI apanI puSTi meM uddhRta karate haiM, jisase prANa vidyAkI dIrgha kAlIna paramparAkA itihAsa milatA hai| kimbahunA 'prANenemaM lokaM santanoti |"praannenaantriksslokN santanoti |"praannen amuM lokaM santanoti / ' (ai0 A0 1 / 4 / 3 / ) prANakI mahimAse hI lokatrayakA vistAra hotA hai / saba indriyoMmeM prANoMkI 1. apazya gopAmanipadyamAnanamA ca parAM ca pRthibhizcarantam / sa saghrIcIH sa viSa'cIrvasaniA varIvati bhuvaneSvantaH ||R0 1 / 164 / 31 apAG prAti svadhayAM gRbhIto'mo matyainA soniH / tA zazvantA viSUcIna viyantA nya'nyaM cikyurnanicikyuranyam ||R0 1 / 164 / 38 268 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha
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________________ zreSThatA sundara AkhyAyikAke dvArA siddha kI gaI hai| 'yatra prANaM vinA sarvANIndriyANi vidyamAnAnyapi avidyamAnavad bhAnti / ' astu-- _ 'so'yamAkAzaH prANana bahatyA viSTabdhaH, tadyathA'yamAkAzaH prANena bRhatyA viSTabdhaH / evaM sarvANi bhatAni ApipIlikAbhyaH prANena bahatyA viSTabdhAnItyevaM vidyaat|' (ai0 A0 21116) arthAta prANa isa vizvakA dhAraka hai| prANako hI zaktise ho yaha AkAza apane sthAnapara sthita hai, usI taraha sabase vizAlatama jIvase lekara pipIlikA paryanta samasta jIva isa prANake dvArA hI vidhata hai| yadi prANa na hotA to vizvakA mahAn saMsthAna, jo yaha hamAre netroMke samakSa hai, vaha kahIM bhI nahIM rhtaa| jIvAtmAkA prANa vAyake sAtha anvaya vyatireki saMbandha hai| isake vinA prANijagatkI sattA surakSita nahIM, aura isIlie anubhava koTimeM pratiSThita RSi usake sAtha apanA aTUTa sambandha batAtA hai ki tuma hamAre ho aura hama tumhAre haiM / 'dina hI prANa hai rAtri apAna hai' yaha prANa hI indriyoMkA adhiSThAtRdeva hotA huA sabakA rakSaka hai| yaha kabhI apane vyApArase uparata nahIM hotA, yaha bhuvanoMke vIca atizaya karake na hai. tathA dRzyamAna samparNa jagata isI prANase AcchAdita hai| prANa hI AyakA kAraNa hai| kauSItaki upaniSadameM bhI prANake AyaSkArake honekI bAta spaSTa kahI gaI hai--'yAvaddhi asmina zarIre prANo vasati taavdaayH| ataH prANake lie gopA zabda yuktiyukta hai / prANakI mahimA jaba samAjameM paryApta pratiSThita ho gaI to vaha upAsya bana gyaa| jisane usakI upAsanA kI usIne jIvana meM amaratva prApta kiyA tathA jo prANakI upAsanAse vaJcita rahA vaha vinAzako prApta huA bhI yaha prANa mRtyu va amRta bhI khlaayaa| isake nikalanese dehake marane (niSkriya hone) meM hI prANakA mRtyutva va isakI sattAke sadbhAvameM dehakI avinazyat dazA (sakriyAvasthA) meM hI isakA amRtatva hai|4 prANako, antarikSa tathA vAyu donoMkA sraSTA va pitA kahA gayA hai, ata: donoM prANakI paricaryA karate rahate haiM / 5 dehase prANoMkI tulanA karate samaya dehako martya va prANa devatAko amRta kahA hai / eka parAzrita hai to dUsarA svAzrita ___ 'mAni hImAni zarIrANi, amRtaiSA devtaa........| nicinvanti ( annAdinA vRddhimupagacchanti) haivemAni zarIrANi amRtaiSA devatA / (ai0 A0 2 / 1 / 8 / ) adbhuta mahimAke hI kAraNa prANako sUrya bhI kahA gayA hai / 'prANo hyaSa ya eSa tapati / ' (ai0 A0 2 / 111) ke vyAkhyAnameM sAyaNAcAryane kahA hai ki-'hamAre dRzyamAna, (AkAza) ma hotA huA jo yaha tapatA hai, vaha prANa hI hai, Aditya evaM prANameM bheda nahIM haiN| kevala sthAnagata bheda hai| eka adhyAtma saMjJaka hai to dUsarA adhidaiva / 6 prANoMko AdityarUpa dene meM upaniSada bhI prakANa hai-'Adityo 1. tadapyetadRSiNoktam / tvamasmAkaM tava smasIti / ai0 A0 2 / 1 / 4 / / 2. ahareva prANaH rAtrirapAnaH 2 / 115 / eSa vai gopAH, eSa hIdaM sarva gopAyati nahyeSa kadAcana saMvizati / eSa hyantarbhuvaneSu AvarIvati sarva hIdaM prANenAvRtam 2 / 1 / 6 / 3. sa eSa mRtyuJcaivAmRtaJca / (ai0 A0 2 / 18) / / 4. svanirgamanena dehamaraNAt prANasya mRtyutvam / svAvasthAnena dehamaraNAbhAvAt amRtatvam / 5. prANena sRSTAvantarikSaM ca vAyuzca / evametau prANapitaraM paricarato'ntarikSaM ca vAyuzca |-saaynn / 6. ya eSa maNDalastho'smAbhirdazyamAnastapati sa eSa prANo hi| na khalvAdityaprANayorbhedo'sti / adhyAtma madhidaivaM ca ityeva sthAnabhedamAtram |--saaynn / vividha : 269 |
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________________ ha vai bAhyaH prANa udatyeSa hyanaM cAkSuSaM prANamanugRhNAnaH / ' praznopaniSad 3 / 8 / pariNAmataH Aditya va prANakI eka rUpatA bhI hai / eka hI padArtha, deha pravartana hetu, prANarUpase antaH avasthita hai, to vahI cakSuko anugRhIta karane ke lie sUryarUpameM bahiH avasthita hai| ataH prANakI bhAMti sUryako bhI 'sUrya AtmA jagatastasthuSazca' (ai* A0 2 / 2 / 4) kahA hai / sUryakI arcanAke kAraNa hI puruSa zatAyu hai / ' yaha prANa devAtmaka hotA huA RSi rUpa bhI hai, ataeva ise kahIM vizvAmitra to kahIM vAmadeva, kahIM bharadvAja tathA kahIM vaziSTha nAmoMse bhI abhihita kiyA gayA hai, bhale hI yaha nAma rUDhi na hokara anvartha hoN| yathA-'prajA vai vAjaH tA eSa biti eSa u eva bibhradvAja:7bharadvAjaH / taM devA abravannayaM vai naH sarveSAM vaziSTha iti / tasyedaM vizvaM mitramAsIt""taM devA abruvannayaM vai naH sarveSAM vAma iti / .... (ai0 aa02|2|2.2)| hiraNyadanaveda nAmaka eka RSine prANake devAtmaka svarUpako jAnA thA, tathA prANakI devatArUpase upAsanA kI thii| isa upAsanAkA vipula phala bhI use prApta huaa| (ai0 A0 103-104) eka hI prANa kahIM sAta, kahIM nava, kahIM daza tathA kahIM bAraha prakArakA batAyA gayA hai| astu-isa prakAra isa AraNyakameM prANakI atyanta mahimA gAI gaI hai| isake anusAra jitanI RcAyeM haiM, jitane veda haiM, jitane ghoSa haiM ve saba prANarUpa haiN| prANako ho ina rUpoMmeM samajhanA cAhie tathA usakI upAsanA karanI cAhie / kimbahunA 'prANo vaMza iti vidyAt' (ai0 A0 3 / 1 / 4) arthAt lokameM jaise vaMza gRhakA dhAraka hotA hai vaise hI yaha prANa deha gRhakA dhAraka hai| isa prANakI itanI adhika mahimAkA mahattva to taba bar3ha jAtA hai jaba hama usI zAstrameM varNita isakI iyattAko dekhate haiN| 'etAvatA vai prANAH saMmitA.' (ai0 aa012|4) yaha eka vAkya khaNDa hai jisakA vivecana karate hue sAyaNa kahate haiM ki ___'prANavAyavo hi dehasyAntaha dayAdUrdhva prAdezamAtraM saMcaranti / mukhAbahirapi saJcarantaH prAdezamAtreNa saMmmitA bhavanti / ' ina zatazaH upalabdha nirvacanoMse siddha hotA hai ki prANake ina guNoMko jAnakara tattadrUpoMse usakI upAsanA karanI cAhie, mAnArUpoMse bhAvanAko dRr3hakara upAsanA karanese phala bhI tadanurUpa upAsakako prApta hoNge| devAsura saMgrAmameM ripuvijayakI kAmanAse devoMne aizvaryake pratIkake rUpameM isa prANa devatAkI upAsanA kI tho, ataH vijayI hue; aura isake viparIta asura use (prANadevatAko) asamRddhikA hetu samajha 1. eka eva padArthoM dehaM pravartayitumantaHsthito dRSTimanugRhItuM bahiH sthita iti etAvadeva dvayo vaiSamyam |--saaynn / ya eSa tapati / taM zataM varSANyabhyArcattasmAcchataM varSANi puruSAyuSo bhavanti-ai0 A0 2 / 2 / 1 / 3. sapta vaizISan prANAH (ai0 A0 115 / 2) nava prANA Atmaiva dazamaH (ai0 A0 1317) nava vai prANAH (ai0 A0 1138) dvAdaza vidhA vA ime prANAH (ai0 aa015|1)| 4. sarvA RcaH sarve vedAH sarve ghoSA ekaiva vyAhRtiH prANa eva prANaH Rca ityeva vidyAt-(ai0 A0 2 / 2 / 10) / 5 loke yathA vaMzo gRhasya dhArakastathaiva prANo'yaM dehagRhasya dhAraka iti bhaavH|-saaynn / 270 : agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana-grantha
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________________ baiThe ataH parAjita hue|' isIlie maharSi vizvAmitrake sandeha prakaTa karanepara devarAja indra ne bhI kahA ki 'he RSe ! mai prANa hU~, tuma prANa ho, carAcara dRzyamAna jagat saba prANa haiM / 2 isa prakAra jo prANa zabda vaidika sAhityameM zvAsake artha meM AraNyakoM evaM upaniSadoMmeM ekatAke pratIkake rUpameM, zArIrakazAstrameM jo indriyoM, zIrSaraMdhroMke bodhakake rUpameM tathA vAgindriya va rasanendriyake rUpameM dekhA gayA, vaha vastutaH anvarthatayA jIvanAdhAyaka hai|3 paravartI sAhityameM isake cintanakA zreya kevala yogazAstrako hI milA, jisameM yamAdi aSTAGgoMmeM prANAyAmako vizeSa sthAna diyA gayA / 'prANavAyonirodhanameva vizeSato niyamena prANAyAma itypcryte|' arthAta vizeSavidhise prANavAyake nirodhako prANAyAma kahate haiN| prANa nirodha prakriyAse janya adbhuta camatkAra Aja bhI logoMko AzcaryameM DAla dete haiM / astu-viSayako gambhIratA spaSTa hai / 'hasvasyAvarNasya prayoge saMvRtam, prakriyAdazAyAM ta vivRtameva' (siddhAnta kaumudI) kI bhAMti prastuta viSayase sambaddha zabdAtmaka jJAna cAhe jitanA prastuta kara diyA jAya kintu vyAvahArika jJAna atyanta jaTila evaM AcAryaparamparAgata gamya haiN| kucha bhI ho kintu phira bhI prANa viSayaka jina vicAroMkA aMkUra saMhitAdimeM milatA hai, unakA vizeSa pallavana prastuta AraNyaka bahuta acchA bana par3A hai / 'prANo vai yuvA suvAsAH' 'prANo vai tanUnapAt' 'prANe vai saH' ityAdi rUpameM vaha (prANadevatA) svayaM bhoktA evaM bhogyarUpameM sarvatobhAvena pratiSThita hai| 1. taM (prANadevam) bhUtiriti devA upAsAJcakrire te babhUvuH / "abhUtiriti asurAste parAbabhUvuH / ___ (ai0 A0 2 / 18) / 2. tam (vizvAmitram) indra uvAca / prANo vA ahamasmi RSe, prANastvam, prANa : sarvANi bhUtAni / (ai0 A0 2 / 2 / 3 / ) 3. udyannu khalu AdityaH sarvANi bhUtAni praNayati tasmAdenaM prANa iti AcakSate / (ai0 brA0 5 / 31 / ) 4. yogshcittvRttinirodhH| vividha : 271