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________________ jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 224 advaitavAda meM AcAra-darzana kI sambhAvanA : jainadRSTi se samIkSA AcArya zaMkara sat ko advaya, avikArI aura AdhyAtmika jAyegA to AzrayAnupapatti kA AkSepa lAgU hogaa| zaMkara kA advaitavAda mAnate haiN| sat ke svarUpa-sambandhI isa advaitavAdI dhAraNA meM AcAra- cAhe tArkika dRSTi se sabala ho kintu naitikatA kI samyak vyAkhyA darzana kI kyA sambhAvanA ho sakatI hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai| yadi sat prastuta karane meM to nirbala par3a hI jAtA hai| bhedAtIta hai, yadi brahma advaya hai, to usameM vaiyaktika sAdhaka kI sattA aneka pAzcAtya cintakoM ne bhI isa advaitavAdI mata kI hI nahIM bacatI hai| advaitavAda meM bandhana aura mukti ke pratyaya bhI mAtra dhAraNA meM AcAra-darzana kI sambhAvanA ke prati zaMkA prakaTa kI hai| kAlpanika raha jAte haiN| yadi brahma se bhinna koI sattA hI nahIM hai to phira maiksamUlara ne zaMkara ke vedAnta ko kaThora ekatvavAda kI saMjJA dekara na to koI bandhana meM Ane vAlA hI zeSa rahatA hai aura na koI mukta hone usameM AcAra-darzana kI sambhAvanA ko asvIkAra kiyA hai| DA0 arkahArTa vAlA hii| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki jIvAtmA bandhana meM AtA hai aura vahI ne apane zodha-grantha 'sarvezvaravAda aura jIvana-mUlya' meM likhA hai ki apanI jJAnAtmaka sAdhanA ke dvArA mukta hotA hai, to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM, 'brahma nirguNa aura bhedAtIta hai ata: zubhAzubha-bheda se pare hai aura kyoMki jIvAtmA bhI to brahma se abhinna hI hai| isakA artha to yaha hogA zubhAzubha-bheda kA nirAkaraNa AcArazAstra ke AdhAra ko hI unmUlita ki brahma hI bandhana meM AtA hai aura brahma hI mukta hotA hai| kintu yaha kara detA hai| vedAnta meM vyaktitva ko bhI mithyA mAnA gayA hai| zubhAzubha eka upahAsAspada dhAraNA hI hogii| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki jIva vivarta bheda kA nirAkaraNa naitika nirNaya ko asambhava banA detA hai aura usake hai to phira jIva ke sambandha meM hone vAle bandhana aura mukti bhI vivarta sAtha hI vyakti kI vAstavika sattA kA niSedha naitika nirNaya ko hoMge aura bandhana aura mukti ke vivarta hone para sArI naitikatA bhI vivarta anAvazyaka bhI banA detA hai|2 kaThora advaitavAda ke darzana kI naitika hogii| aisI vivarta-mUlaka naitikatA kA kyA mUlya hogA yaha svayaM akSamatA kA citraNa karate hue jainAcArya samantabhadra Apta mImAMsA meM advaitavAdiyoM ke liye bhI vicAraNIya hai| likhate haiM ki ekAnta advaitavAda kI dhAraNA meM zubhAzubha Adi karmadUsare, yadi unake siddhAnta meM vikAra yA parivartana ke liye bheda, sukha-duHkhAdi phala-bheda, svarga-narka Adi loka-bheda samyakjJAnakoI sthAna nahIM hai, yadi sattA vikAra aura parivartana se rahita hai, to bhI mithyAjJAna Adi jJAna-bheda tathA bandhana aura mukti kA bheda nahIM rahatA naitika patana yA vikAsa athavA bandhana aura mukti kI dhAraNAyeM Tika hai| ata: aisA siddhAnta naitika dRSTi se sakSama nahIM ho sakatA hai| nahI pAtI haiN| naitika patana evaM vikAsa ko parivartana ke abhAva meM naitikatA ke lie to dvaita, anekatA Avazyaka hai| AdaraNIya DA0 samajha pAnA kaThina hogaa| nathamala TATiyA likhate haiM ki 'ekAnta advaitavAdI dhAraNA ko svIkAra tIsare, yadi parama sattA mAtra AdhyAtmika hai to phira bandhana karane kA artha yaha hogA ki samAja, vAtAvaraNa, paraloka tathA naitika kaise hotA hai? bandhana kA kAraNa kyA hai? vaha svabhAva to nahIM hai aura aura dhArmika niyamoM kI pUrNa smaapti| lekina aisA darzana, jo samasta binA kisI anya kAraNa ke vibhAva kI kalpanA asaMgata hai| dUsare tattva sAmAjika, naitika aura dhArmika jIvana evaM tatsambandhI saMsthAoM ko kI sattA mAne binA vibhAva yA bandhana kI samIcIna vyAkhyA de pAnA parisamApta kara detA ho, mAnava-jAti ke lie upAdeya nahIM kahA jA kaThina hai| sakatA4 svayaM advaitavAda ko bhI anekatA aura bandhana ke kAraNa kI advaitavAda meM AcAra-darzana kI sambhAvanA siddha karane ke vyAkhyA ke lie mAyA ke pratyaya ko svIkAra karanA par3A hai| paramatattva liye DA0 rAmAnanda tivArI ne bhI apane zodha prabandha 'zaMkarAcArya kA ke samAnAntara anAdi aura anirvacanIya mAyA kI dhAraNA kaThora ekatvavAdI AcAra-darzana' meM ekatvavAdI, sarvezvaravAdI evaM mAyAvAdI vicAraniSThA ke pratikUla hai| bandhana kI kAraNabhUta mAyA asat to nahIM mAnI praNAlI kA nirasana kara zaMkara-darzana meM bhI jIva evaM jagata kI sattA jA sakatI kyoMki jo asat hai vaha kAraNa nahIM ho sktaa| punaH, ko svIkAra kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM 'jIvana aura jagat dona atyanta asat yA mithyA kAraNa kA kArya bhI asat hogA aura aisI sthiti meM vivikta sattAyeM haiM, cAhe ve brahma se pRthak kalpanIya na hoN| mAyAvAda kA bandhana bhI asat yA mithyA hogaa| svayaM AcArya zaMkara ne bhI mAyA ko prasiddha siddhAnta jagat kI sattA ke prasaMga meM nitAnta asaMgata hai| jIvana asat nahIM mAnA hai| kintu yadi use asat nahIM mAnA jAyegA to sat kI sattA vedAnta kA mUlAdhAra hai| mokSAvasthA meM jIvatattva aura vyaktitva mAnanA hogA aura mAyA ko sat mAnane para svayaM advaitavAda khaNDita ho ke akSuNNa rahane kI sambhAvanAoM ke sAtha vedAnta meM AcAra-darzana kI jaayegaa| punaH, yadi mAyA anirvacanIya hai to use asat yA abhAva rUpa sambhAvanA bhI avagamya ho jAtI hai|5| bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| yadi vaha bhAvAtmaka sattA hai to phira brahma isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki AcAra-darzana kI sambhAvanA ke samakSa eka dUsarI sattA khar3I ho jAyegI aura advaitavAda Tika nahIM ke liye sat-sambandhI kaThora advaitavAda evaM avikAryatA ke siddhAnta paayegaa| yadi mAyA ko svatantra sattA nahIM mAnakara brahma ke Azrita mAnA chor3anA Avazyaka sA ho jAtA hai| DaoN0 rAmAnanda ne AcArya zaMkara
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________________ ke darzana meM AcAra - darzana kI sambhAvanA ko siddha karane ke prayAsa meM use jisa stara para lAkara khar3A kiyA hai, vahIM zaMkara sat kI kaThora advaitavAdI dhAraNA se dUra haTakara abhedAzritabheda kI dhAraNA paraM A jAte haiM aura zaMkara evaM rAmAnuja meM koI vizeSa dUrI nahIM raha jAtI hai| svayaM DaoN0 rAmAnanda bhI isa tathya ko svIkAra karate haiM ki rAmAnuja aura zaMkara meM vaha dUrI nahIM hai jaisI paravartI zaMkarAnuyAyiyoM ne batAyI hai| astu| advaitavAda meM AcAra darzana kI sambhAvanA to taba samApta ho jAtI hai jaba hara stara para hI abheda mAnA jaaye| lekina advaita ke prastotA AcArya zaMkara bhI hara stara para abheda kI dhAraNA ko svIkAra nahIM krte| ve kahate haiM ki bheda asat hai lekina bheda yA anekatA ke asat hone kA artha yaha nahIM hai ki vaha pratIti kA viSaya nahIM hai yadyapi yaha samasyA hai ki asat anekatA kaise pratIti kA viSaya bana jAtI hai ? lekina yahA~ isa carcA kI gaharAI meM jAnA iSTa nahIM hai| advaitavAda yaha mAna kara calatA hai ki pratIti kI dRSTi se na kevala vastugata anekatA hai varan vyaktigata anekatA bhI hai, aura pratIti ke kSetra meM isa bheda tathA anekatA ke kAraNa bandhana aura mukti evaM naitikatA aura dharma kI sambhAvanAe~ bhI haiN| isa prakAra advaitavAdI bhI kevala pAramArthika stara para hI abheda ko mAnate haiN| vyAvahArika stara para to unheM bhI bheda svIkAra hai| vyAvahArika stara para jaba bheda svIkAra kara liyA jAtA hai to AcAra- darzana kI sambhAvanA avagamya ho jAtI hai| merI apanI dRSTi meM zaMkara jaba taka pAramArthika stara para abheda aura advayatA aura vyAvahArika stara para bheda aura anekatA ko svIkAra karate haiM taba taka ve koI galatI nahIM krte| svayaM jaina evaM bauddha vicAraka bhI pAramArthika stara para abheda evaM vyAvahArika stara para bheda kI saMkalpanA ko svIkAra karate haiN| advaitavAdI darzana kI mUlabhUta kamajorI : isa AdhAra para advaitavAda kI AlocanA karanA ucita nahIM hogA ki advaitavAda meM naitika darzana kI avagamyatA vyAvahArika stara taka hotI hai| svayaM jaina evaM bauddha vicAraNAoM meM bhI naitikatA kI avadhAraNA vyAvahArika stara para hI sambhava hai| pAramArthika dRSTi se abheda ko hI satya aura vyavahAra ke bheda ko mithyA kahakara bhI zaMkara koI galatI nahIM karate haiN| paramArtha kI dRSTi se vyavahAra mithyA hai yaha ThIka hai, lekina usase Age bar3hakara hameM yaha bhI mAnanA par3egA ki vyavahAra kI apekSA se abheda bhI mithyA hogA, kyoMki vastu tattva svApekSA se satya hotA hai kintu parApekSA se mithyA "hotA hai| jisa prakAra paramArtha kI apekSA se abheda satya hai aura bheda mithyA hai usI prakAra vyavahAra kI apekSA se bheda satya aura abheda mithyA hoNge| zaMkara AdhI dUra Akara ruka jAte haiM ve Age bar3hakara vyavahAra kI apekSA se abheda ko mithyA kahane kA sAhasa kyoM nahIM karate? jaba paramArtha kI apekSA vyavahAra ko asat kahA jAtA hai to hameM yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA hogA ki yahA~ usake asat kA pratipAdana paramArtha 225 kI apekSA vizeSa se hI hai, eka apekSA ke dvArA dUsarI apekSAoM kA samagra niSedha to kabhI bhI nahIM ho sktaa| kisI tIsarI apekSA se donoM hI yathArtha ho sakate haiN| yadi hama kaheM ki rAma dazaratha kI apekSA se putra hai aura pitA nahIM hai, to isameM unake pitRtva kA samagra niSedha nahIM hotA hai / lava aura kuza kI apekSA se ve pitA ho sakate haiN| advaitavAdI galatI yaha karate haiM ki ve paramArtha kI apekSA se vyavahAra kA pUrNa niSedha mAna lete haiN| jisa prakAra dazaratha kI apekSA se rAma kA pitRtva mithyA hai aura putratva satya hai aura lava kuza kI apekSA se rAma kA putratva mithyA hai aura pitRtva satya hai lekina svayaM rAma kI apekSA se na pitRtva mithyA hai na putratva mithyA hai varan donoM hI yathArtha haiM, usI prakAra pAramArthika dRSTi se bheda mithyA hai aura abheda satya hai, vyAvahArika dRSTi se bheda satya aura abheda mithyA hai lekina paramatattva kI apekSA se to na abheda mithyA hai aura na bheda mithyA hai apitu donoM hI satya haiN| kaThora advaitavAdI vicAraka yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki bheda aura abheda to paramatattva ke sambandha meM do dRSTiyA~ haiM, ve sva apekSA se satya aura para apekSA se mithyA hote hue bhI parama tattva kI apekSA se donoM hI satya ho sakatI haiN| advaitavAdI darzana kA mAnadaNDa lekara nApane vAle manISI DA0 rAdhAkRSNan ne anekAntavAdI yathArthavAda ko bIca mArga meM par3Ava jaisA kahA hai| jabaki vAstavikatA yaha hai ki advaitavAdI darzana kevala pAramArthika yA tattva dRSTi se bheda kA niSedha kara svayaM bIca mArga meM par3Ava DAla detA hai| vaha Age bar3hakara yaha kyoM nahIM kahatA hai ki vyAvahArika dRSTi se abheda bhI mithyA hai isase bhI Age bar3hakara vaha yaha kyoM nahIM svIkAra karatA hai ki parama tattva kI apekSA se bheda aura abheda donoM hI satya haiM pAramArthika aura vyAvahArika dRSTiyA~ sat ke sambandha meM kramazaH abhedagAmI aura bhedagAmI dRSTiyA~ haiM, unameM se koI bhI asatya nahIM hai, donoM hI apanI-apanI apekSA se satya haiN| vyAvahArika bheda bhI utanA hI yathArtha hai jitanA pAramArthika abheda / donoM meM koI tulanA nahIM ho sakatI hai, do bhinna-bhinna sthitiyoM se khIMce gaye vastu ke do citroM meM koI bhI mithyA nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| sat kA bhedavAdI dRSTikoNa bhI utanA hI yathArtha hai jitanA sat kA abhedavAdI dRSTikoNA kyoMki donoM sattA ke hI do pakSa hai| yadi advaitavAda pAramArthika aura vyAvahArika aisI do sattAe~ khar3I karatA hai to svayaM apane siddhAnta se pIche haTa jAtA hai yadi paramArtha aura vyavahAra donoM ko hI vAstavika mAnatA hai to usakA advaita khaNDita ho jAtA hai| aura yadi vyavahAra ko mithyA kahatA hai to Anubhavika jagat kI yathArthatA aura AcAra darzana kI sambhAvanA nirasta ho jAtI hai| kumArila ne bhI zaMkara ke darzana meM yahI doSa dikhAyA hai| vastutaH paramArtha aura vyavahAra sat ke sambandha meM do dRSTiyA~ haiM, donoM sattA ke do pahalU haiM aura donoM hI yathArtha haiN| hamArA advaitavAda se na to isalie koI vivAda hai ki vaha pAramArthika dRSTi se abheda ko mAnatA hai, kyoMki tatva yA dravya dRSTi se abheda ko to sabhI ne svIkAra kiyA hai| aura na isalie koI virodha .
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________________ jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 226 hai ki vaha vyAvahArika stara para naitikatA kI dhAraNA ko svIkAra karatA vyAvahArika stara para hone vAle bheda evaM parivartana bhI asat nahIM kahe hai, kyoMki yaha dRSTikoNa jaina, bauddha Adi lagabhaga sabhI pramukha darzanoM jA skte| bheda bhI utanA hI satya hai, jitanA abheda aura aisI sthiti ko bhI mAnya hai| hamArA agara advaitavAda se koI virodha hai to vaha mAtra meM zaMkara ke advaitavAda meM AcAra-darzana kI sambhAvanA spaSTa ho jAtI hai| yahI ki advaita vyavahAra ko kyoM mithyA mAnatA hai? advaita ke isa dRSTikoNa ke prati hamArA AkSepa yaha hai ki asat vyavahAra se sat saMdarbha paramArtha ko kaise prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai? asat naitikatA sat parama 1. vivekacUDAmaNi, anu0 munilAla, gItA presa gorakhapura, saM0 tattva kA sAkSAtkAra nahIM karA sktii| asat vyAvahArika naitikatA aura 2001 mAyA-nirUpaNa sat pAramArthika parama tattva meM koI sambandha hI nahIM bana pAtA, kyoMki 2. rAmAnanda tivArI, zaMkarAcArya kA AcAra darzana, hindI sAhitya unameM eka asat aura dUsarA sat hai| lekina jaba hama vyavahAra aura sammelana, prayAga, saM0 2006, pR0 16-17 paramArtha ko sat sambandhI do dRSTiyA~ mAnate haiM to ve paraspara sambandhita 3. AptamImAMsA, 25 / ho jAtI haiM lekina jaba unameM se paramArtha ko sattA aura vyavahAra ko 4. Studies in Jain Philosophy, P.V. Research InstidRSTi mAnate haiM to ve paraspara virodhI evaM asambandhita ho jAtI haiN| sat tute, Varanasi, 1951, P. 178. se hI sat pAyA jA sakatA hai asat se sat nahIM pAyA jA sktaa| 5. zaMkarAcArya kA AcAra-darzana, pR0 66-67 lekina yadi vicArapUrvaka dekheM to advaitavAda bhI vyavahAra ko asat 6. DA0 rAdhAkRSNana, bhAratIya darzana, rAjapAla eNDa sansa, dehalI kahane kA sAhasa nahIM kara sakatA kyoMki usakI vyAvahArika sattA kI 1966, khaNDa 1, pRSTha 311 dhAraNA mAyA para avalambita hai aura yadi mAyA asat nahIM hai to mahApaNDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ke jainadharma sambandhI mantavyoM kI samAlocanA mahApaNDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana bhAratIya vAGmaya ke vizruta kintu vaha eka Alocaka dRSTi se hI likhA gayA hai, ata: unake vidvAn the| hindI sAhitya kI vividha-vidhAoM meM bhAratIya vAGmaya ko vyaktitva ko samyak rUpa meM prastuta nahIM karatA hai| mahAvIra ke sambandha unakA avadAna avismaraNIya hai| darzana ke kSetra meM rAhulajI ne jitanA meM dIghanikAya ke AdhAra para ve likhate haiMadhika pAzcAtya darzanoM, vizeSa rUpa se dvandvAtmaka bhautikavAda evaM 'mahAvIra kI mukhya zikSA ko bauddhatripiTaka meM isa prakAra bauddhadarzana ke sambandha meM likhA, usakI apekSA jainadarzana ke kSetra meM uddhRta kiyA gayA hai- nirgrantha (jaina sAdhu) cAra saMvaroM (saMyamoM) se unakA lekhana bahuta hI alpa hai| unake grantha 'darzana-digdarzana' meM saMvRtta rahatA hai| 1. nirgrantha jala ke vyavahAra kA vAraNa karatA hai, vardhamAna mahAvIra aura anekAntavAdI jaina darzana, ke sambandha meM jo kucha (jisase jala ke jIva na mAre jAveM), 2. sabhI pApoM kA vAraNa karatA likhA hai, use athavA bauddhagranthoM meM Ane vAlI jainadharma-darzana sambandhI hai, 3. sabhI pApoM ke vAraNa karane se vaha pApa rahita (dhUtapApa) hotA samIkSAoM ke hindI anuvAda ko chor3akara unhoMne jainadarzana ke kSetra meM hai, 4. sabhI pApoM ke vAraNa meM lagA rahatA hai|... cU~ki nirgrantha ina cAra kucha likhA ho, aisA mujhe jJAta nhiiN| ata: yahA~ jainadarzana ke kSetra meM prakAra ke saMvaroM se saMvRtta rahatA hai isalie vaha-gatAtmA (anicchuka), unake vicAroM kI samIkSA inhIM granthAMzoM ke AdhAra para kI gaI hai| yatAtmA (saMyamI) aura sthitAtmA kahalAtA hai|' (darzana-digdarzana, pra. unhoMne apane grantha 'darzana-digdarzana' meM jaina paramparA kA 495) ullekha vizeSarUpa se do sthaloM para kiyA hai- eka to buddha ke isa vivaraNa meM mahAvIra kI zikSAoM ko cAturyAma saMvara samakAlIna chaH tIrthaMkaroM ke sandarbha meM aura dUsarA jainadarzana ke svatantra ke rUpa meM prastuta karate hue, unhoMne jisa cAturyAma saMvara kA pratipAdana ke kSetra meN| bauddhagranthoM meM varNita cha: tIrthaMkaroM meM varddhamAna ullekha kiyA hai, vastuta: vaha cAturyAma saMvara kA mArga mahAvIra kA mahAvIra kA ullekha unhoMne sarvajJatAvAdI ke rUpa meM kiyA hai, kintu nahIM, pArzva kA hai| paravartIkAla meM jaba pArzva kI nirgrantha paramparA unhoMne yaha samagra vivaraNa bauddhagranthoM ke AdhAra para hI prastuta kiyA hai| mahAvIra kI paramparA meM sammilita ho gayI, to tripiTaka saMkalanakartAoM buddha ke samakAlIna cha: tIrthaMkaroM aura vizeSa rUpa se varddhamAna mahAvIra ne donoM dhArAoM ko eka mAnakara pArzva ke vicAroM ko bhI mahAvIra ke sandarbha meM yadi ve bauddhetara srotoM ko bhI AdhAra banAte to unake ke nAma se hI prastuta kiyaa| tripiTaka ke saMkalana kartAoM kI isa sAtha adhika nyAya kara sakate the| kyoMki bauddhagranthoM meM mahAvIra kA jo bhrAnti kA anusaraNa rAhulajI ne bhI kiyA aura apanI ora se citraNa nirgrantha jJAtaputra (nAtaputta) ke rUpa meM hai usameM satyAMza to hai, TippaNI ke rUpa meM bhI isa bhUla ke parimArjana kA koI prayatna nahIM