Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 10 janavarI 2011 jinavANI 363 AcAryapada kI mahattA zrI hastImala golecchA evaM zrImatI zarmilA khIMvasarA tIrthaMkara ke pratinidhi AcArya hote haiN| ve 36 guNoM ke dhAraka tathA ATha sampadAoM se yukta hote haiN| ve agItArtha sAdhuoM ke kavaca hone ke sAtha ziSya ko cAra prakAra kA vinaya pradAna karate haiN| AgamoM meM bhI unakI mahimA gAyI gaI hai| AcArya kI avinaya AzAtanA karane vAlA ziSya mArgacyuta ho jAtA hai tathA duSpariNAma bhogatA hai| Alekha Agamika pramANoM se upeta hai| -sampAdaka jaha dIvA dIvasyaM paIppaTa, so ya dIppaTa diivo| dIvasamA AyariyA appaM ca paraM ca diivNti|| niyuktikAra AcArya bhadrabAhu ne AcAryoM ko usa dIpaka kI upamA dI hai, jo svayaM prakAzita hote hue dUsaroM ko bhI prakAzita karatA hai aura jisase anya saikar3oM-sahasroM dIpa pradIpta kie jA sakate haiN| suhamma aggivesANaM, jaMbU nAmaM ca kAsavaM / pabhavaM kaccAyaNaM vaMde, vacchaM sijja bhavaM thaa|| __ (nandI sUtra, gAthA-25 yuga pradhAna paTTAvalI) Arya sudharmA se lekara Aja paryanta dIrghAvadhi meM huI kramabaddha AcArya-paramparA meM hue tyAgI tapasvI AcAryoM ne aura unase hI saMyama kI sIkha lekara sahasroM prabhAvaka zramaNa-zramaNiyoM ne prANimAtra ko abhaya dene vAle paMca mahAvrata rUpa dharma ko adhyayana, adhyApana, pravacana, prakhyApana evaM gahana cintana-manana ke sneha se siMcita kara akSuNNa rakhA hai aura anaginata logoM ko samyaktva pradAna kara prANimAtra para anukampA kI hai| usI se Aja taka bhavyajanoM ke hitArtha kahA gayA kalyANakArI dharma paMcama Are meM bhI par3hA aura Acarita kiyA jA rahA hai| sarvajJa prabhu mahAvIra ne tIrtha pravartana kAla meM hI gaNadharoM ko pada pradAna karate samaya Arya sudharmA ko dIrghajIvI samajhakara dhurI ke sthAna para rakha kara gaNa kI anujJA dI, apanA uttarAdhikArI bnaayaa| 'pachI zrI vIra pATe pAMcavA gaNadhara zrI sudharmA svAmI pahale pATe thyaa|' -vIra vaMzAvali/tapAgaccha vRddha paTTAvalI-muni jina vijaya jI 'bhagavAn mahAvIra ne pahelI pATa para zrI sudharma svAmI niraajyaa|' -prabhu vIra paTTAvalI- muni maNilAla jI- jaina dharma kA maulika itihAsa meM ullekh| Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 364 364 jinavANI | 10 janavarI 2011 || prabhu vIra sarvajJa the| unheM jJAta thA ki nau gaNadhara unake jIvanakAla meM hI apanA AtmArtha siddha kara mokSa meM cale jaayeNge| zeSa indrabhUti gautama aura sudharmA meM se gautama svAmI ko bhagavAna ke nirvANa ke bAda hI kevala jJAna ho jAtA, ataH gautama aisA kahate- "maiM aisA dekhatA hU~, maiM aisA kahatA huuN|" jabaki koI bhI paTTadhara apane pUrvavartI AcArya ke AdezoM, AdarzoM evaM siddhAntoM kA pracAra-prasAra karatA hai tathA AjJAoM kA pAlana karavAtA hai| bhagavAna ke nirvANa ke samaya Arya sudharmA cAra jJAnadhArI aura 14 pUrvo ke jJAtA the, kevalI nahIM, ataH ve aisA kaha sakate the "bhagavAn ne pharamAyA hai" ataH tIrthaMkara mahAvIra dvArA prarUpita zruta paramparA ko avicchinna rUpa se yathAvat rakhane kI dRSTi se Arya sudharmA ko prathama paTTadhara niyukta kiyA gyaa| mUlataH jinendra bhagavAna dvArA sthApita tIrtha kI mahattA batalAne ke lie AcArya paramparA sthApita kI gii| AcAryoM ne pravacana ko surakSita rakhA aura apane-apane uttarAdhikArI ko isa rUpa meM diyA ___ "suyaM me AusaM, teNaM bhagavayA evmkkhaayN|" 'he AyuSman maiMne sunA hai, una bhagavAna ke dvArA aisA kahA gayA hai| jainAgamoM meM AcAryoM kI mahimA kA vividha sthAnoM para vividha rUpoM meM varNana hai| "atthaM bhAsai arahA suttaM gathaMti gaNaharA niunnN|" tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI mukta sumanoM kI vRSTi ke samAna hotI hai, mahAn prajJAvAn gaNadhara use sUtra rUpa meM grathita karake vyavasthita Agama kA rUpa dete haiN| isalie AgamoM meM varNita AcArya-mahimAgAna ko yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki tIrthaMkaroM ne svayaM apane mukha se AcArya mahimA gAI hai| jainAgamoM meM AcArya mahimA vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra, zataka 5, uddezaka 6 meM gautama kI pRcchA para prabhu vIra ke dvArA gaNa-saMrakSaNa tatpara evaM apane karttavya aura dAyitva kA bhalI-bhAMti vahana karane vAle AcArya aura upAdhyAya ke lie eka, do yA adhikAdhika tIna bhava meM siddhatva prApti kI prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| "goyamA! atthegaiTa teNeva bhavaggahaNeNaM sijjhAMti atthegaie docceNaM bhavaggahaNeNaM sijjhAMti, taccaM puNa avaggahaNaM naatikkmNti|" zrAvaka AvazyakasUtra kI bar3I saMlekhanA meM varNita hai "tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ko namaskAra karake apane dharmAcArya jI ko namaskAra karatA huuN|" "namotthuNaM mama dhammAyariyassa dhammovadesagassa" antakRdazA sUtra ke varga 6, adhyayana 15 meM atimukta- gautama saMvAda meM gautama ne bhagavAna ko AcArya kahA hai| "mere dharmAcArya aura dharmopadezaka bhagavAna mhaaviir|" "mama dhammAyarie dhammovaesaTa bhagavaM mahAvIre jAva sNpaaviukaame|" dazavaikAlika sUtra, adhyayana 9 vinaya samAdhi ke dvitIya uddezaka, gAthA 12 meM kahA hai Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 365 || 10 janavarI 2011 | jinavANI 365 je Ayariya uvajjhajhAyANaM, sussUyA vynnNkraa| tesi sikkhA pavaLaMti, jalasittA iva paayvaa|| jo ziSya AcArya aura upAdhyAya kI sevA-zuzrUSA karane vAle haiM aura unakI AjJA kA pAlana karane vAle haiM, unakI zikSA jala se sIMce gae vRkSoM ke samAna bar3hatI rahatI hai| AcArAMgasUtra, prathama zrutaskandha ke adhyayana 5 ke uddezaka 5 meM zAstrakAra ne kahA hai, "isa manuSya loka meM ve AcArya mana, vacana aura kAyA se gupta, indriya saMyama se yukta, prabuddha Agama jJAtA aura Arambha se virata maharSi haiM- jo samAdhimaraNa ke icchuka aura mokSamArga meM udyama karane vAle haiN|" rAyappaseNIya sUtra meM rAjA pradezI ne saMthAre ke samaya AcArya kezIkumAra ko namana kiyA hai| uvavAiya sUtra meM koNika dvArA bhagavAna ko parokSa vandana meM 'dhamAcArya' zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| ambar3a ke 700 ziSyoM ne saMthArA grahaNa karate hue arihaMtoM aura siddhoM ke bAda dharmAcArya ambar3a ko namana kiyA hai| AcAryoM kI ATha sampadA dazAzrutaskandha kI cauthI dazA aura sthAnAMga sUtra ke aSTama sthAna meM gaNisampadA sUtra meM AcAryoM kI ATha sampadAoM kA varNana hai| sAdhu-samudAya, gaNa yA gaccha ke svAmI ko AcArya, gaNI yA gacchAdhipati kahate haiM aura unake guNoM ke samUha ko gaNi smpdaa| inhIM guNoM se AcArya apane mukhya kartavya 'gaNa kI rakSA' kA nirvAha karate haiN| ___"iha khalu therehiM bhagavaMtehiM aTThavihA gaNisaMpayA paNNatA" (dazAzrutaskandha) sthavira bhagavantoM ke dvArA kathita ATha gaNisampadAe~ isa prakAra haiM1. AyArasaMpayA (AcArasaMpadA)- AcArasampanna AcArya kA vyavahAra zuddha hogA to saMyama kI samRddhi hogii| 2. suyasaMpayA (zrutasaMpadA)- anekoM kA mArgadarzaka evaM nirbhaya vicaraNa kartA hone ke lie AcArya kA bahuzruta honA Avazyaka hai| 3. sarIrasaMpayA (zarIrasaMpadA)- jJAna aura kriyA bhI zArIrika sauSThava hone para hI dharma prabhAvanA meM sahAyaka hote haiN| 4. vayaNasaMpayA (vacanasaMpadA)- AcArya mahArAja ko Adeya, madhura, Agama sammata spaSTa evaM niSpakSa vacana bolane caahie| 5. vAyaNAsaMpayA (vAcanAsaMpadA)- vAcanAoM ke dvArA bahuzruta gItArtha pratibhA sampanna ziSyoM ko taiyAra karanA bhI AcArya kA guNa hai| 6. matisaMpayA (matisaMpadA)- autpattikI, vainayikI, kArmikI aura pAriNAmikI ina cAra prakAra kI Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 366 jinavANI buddhiyoM se AcArya sampanna hote haiN| 7. paogasaMpayA (prayogamati - saMpadA) - pakSa - pratipakSa yukta zAstrArtha ke samaya vAda pravINatA, buddhi kuzalatA honI caahie| 8. saMgahapariNNA - saMpayA (saMgrahaparijJA-saMpadA ) - AcArya saMgha - vyavasthA meM nipuNa ho / adhyayana, vinaya, vicaraNa, samAcArI ko suvyavasthita rkhe| agItArtha sAdhu ke kavaca AcArya 10 janavarI 2011 vyavahArasUtra ke uddezaka 6 meM agItArtha sAdhu ke akele rahane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| use AcArya ke caraNoM meM rahanA caahie| AcArAMgasUtra ke prathama zrutaskandha, adhyayana 5 ke caturtha uddezaka meM avyakta sAdhu ke dvArA AcArya meM eka mAtra dRSTi rakhane, unake dvArA prarUpita mukti meM mukti mAnane aura unake sAnnidhya meM rahane saMketa kiyA gayA hai| 'eyaM kusalassa daMsaNaM' yaha kuzala mahAvIra kA darzana hai| AcArAMga TIkA meMjahA diyA poyamapakkhajAyaM savAsayA paviumaNaM maNAgaM / tama cAiyA taruNa pattajAya DhaMkAdi avvattagamaM harejjA // jaise navajAta pakSarahita pakSI ko DhaMkAdi pakSiyoM se bhaya rahatA hai| vaise hI avyakta agItArtha ko anyatIrthikoM kA bhaya banA rahatA hai| aise bhaya samaya meM AcArya hI agItArtha ke rakSA kavaca hote haiM / vinaya pradAtA AcArya dazAzruta skandha- kI cauthI dazA meM AcArya ziSya ko cAra prakAra kA vinaya sikhAte haiN| 1. AyAra-1 ra - viNaeNaM ( AcAravinaya ) - ve mahAvrata, samiti-gupti, vidhi-niSedha, tapa, samAcArI evaM ekAkI vihAra kA jJAna karAte haiN| ziSyoM ko vyavahAra kA vinaya sikhAte haiN| 2. suya - viNaNaM ( zrutavinaya ) - ziSyoM ko bahuzruta banAne ke lie sUtrArtha kI samucita vAcanA dete haiN| 3. vikkhevaNA- viNaNaM (vikSepaNAvinaya ) - yathArtha saMyamadharma evaM usameM sthira rahanA sikhAte haiM / 4. dosa - nigghAyaNa viNaeNaM (doSa nirghAtanA vinaya ) - ziSya samudAya meM utpanna doSoM ko dUra karate haiN| Jain Educationa International tinnANaM tArayANaM AcArya mahArAja paMcama kAla meM AcArya mahArAja svayaM saMsAra sAgara se tirate haiM tathA dUsaroM ko tirAte haiN| AcArAMga sUtra ke prathama zruta skandha ke paMcama adhyayana ke paMcama uddezaka meM sUtra 166 meM AcArya mahimA kA varNana hai| zAstrakAra kahate haiM, "jaise eka jalAzaya / hRda jo jala, kamala se paripUrNa aneka jalacara jIvoM kA saMrakSaka hotA hai isI prakAra AcArya kI mahimA hai / " vyAkhyA meM AcArya ko sItA aura For Personal and Private Use Only
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 10 janavarI 2011 jinavANI 367 sItodA nAmaka nadiyoM ke pravAha meM sthita hada ke samAna batAyA hai jisameM se jala pravAha nikalatA bhI hai aura milatA hai| isI bhAMti AcAryoM meM dAna aura AdAna donoM haiN| ve zAstrajJAna evaM AcAra kA upadeza dete bhI haiM tathA svayaM bhI grahaNa evaM AcaraNa karate haiN| isa prakAra ve 'tinnANaM' bhI haiM aura 'tArayANaM' bhI / sudharmA svAmI se lekara Aja taka paramparAgata rUpa se AcArya prabhuvIra kI jana-kalyANa hetu dI gaI jinavANI ko hI nagara-Dagara jana-jana taka pahu~cA rahe haiN| aise meM AcAryoM kI rAha para calanA to prabhu mahAvIra kI rAha para calane ke samAna hai| kuzala netRtvakarttA AcArya vaha majabUta dhurI hai, jisake sahAre caturvidha saMgharUpa cakra ghUmatA huA pragati karatA hai / apane lakSya kI prApti meM saphala caraNa bar3hAtA hai| AcArya mahArAja ke 36 guNa jJAnIjanoM ne AcArya ke 36 guNa prarUpita kie haiM, inameM jitane guNa utkRSTa hote haiM utanA hI AcArya dharma-prabhAvaka hotA hai, yathA 1. jAti sampanna 4. rUpa sampanna 7. zuddha zraddhA sampanna 10. lAghava sampanna 13. varcasvI 16. jita mAna 2. kula sampanna 5. vinaya sampanna 8. nirmala cAritra 11. ojasvI 14. yazasvI 17. jita mAyA 20. jita niMdA 23. vrata pradhAna 25. karaNa pradhAna 26. caraNa pradhAna 28. nizcaya pradhAna 29. vidyA pradhAna 31. veda pradhAna 32. brahma pradhAna 33. naya pradhAna 34. niyama pradhAna 35. satya pradhAna 36. zauca pradhAna anya vivakSA se bhI AcArya bhagavantoM ke 36 guNa kahe gae haiM- 5 mahAvratoM kA pAlana, 5 AcAroM kA pAlana, 5 indriyoM kA saMvara, 4 kaSAya kA tyAga, navavAr3a sahita zuddha brahmacarya kA pAlana, 5 samiti, 3 gupti (aSTa pravacana mAtA kA ArAdhana - pAlana ) ina 36 guNoM se pUrNa hote haiM / AcAryoM ke prati ziSyoM kA vinaya-vyavahAra gaNa aura gaNI ke prati yogya ziSya ke pramukha karttavya dazAzrutaskandha kI cauthI dazA meM batAe ga haiM, yathA 19. jitendriya 22. jIvitAzA maraNa bhaya vipramukta Jain Educationa International 3. bala sampanna 6. jJAna sampanna 9. lajjAzIla 12. tejasvI 15. jitakrodha 18. jita lobha 21. jita parISaha For Personal and Private Use Only 24. guNa pradhAna 27. nigraha pradhAna 30. maMtra pradhAna
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 368 jinavANI | 10 janavarI 2011 || 1. uvagaraNa uppAyaNayA (upakaraNa utpAdana)- upakaraNa saMbaMdhI krtvypaaln| gaveSaNA karake vastra, pAtra, upakaraNa prApta karanA, phira surakSita rakhanA, jo jisake yogya ho use guru AjJA se yathAyogya denaa| 2. sAhillaNayA (sahAyaka honA)- gurujanoM ke anukUla hitakArI vacana bolanA, zArIrika halana calana viveka se karanA, sevA karanA, rucikara vyavahAra krnaa| 3. vaNNasaMjalaNayA (guNAnuvAda)- AcAryAdi kA guNakIrtana krnaa| avarNavAdI ko pratyuttara dekara niruttara karanA, sevA-bhakti karanA evaM yathocita Adara denaa| 4. bhArapaccoruhaNayA (bhAra pratyArohaNa)- AcArya ke kAryabhAra ko samhAlanA, dharma-pracAra, ziSyoM ko zuddha AcAra kA abhyAsa karAnA, vivAda nirAkaraNa evaM gaNa ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI saMyama samAdhi kI uttarottara vRddhi ke prayAsa krnaa| AcAryoM kI avinaya AzAtanA kA duSpariNAma dhammajjiyaM ca vavahAraM bundrehAyariyaM syaa| tamAyaraMto vavahAraM garahaM nAbhigacchaDa / / -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 1, gAthA-42 dharmArjita vyavahAra sadA AcAryoM ne Acarita kiyaa| gahIM ko prApta nahIM hotA, jisane vaisA AcAra kiyaa| tIrthaMkara ke abhAva meM sAdhaka ke patha pradarzaka AcArya kI jo avinaya AzAtanA aura avahelanA karate haiM unake lie uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke prathama adhyayana 'vinaya zruta' meM kahA gayA hai, AjJA pAlana aura sevA zuzrUSA se dUra bhAgane vAlA sAdhu mithyA Alocaka, avinIta, durbodha hokara sabhI prakAra ke uttama lAbhoM se vaMcita rahatA hai evaM duSpariNAma bhogatA hai| dUSita vicAra AcAra svabhAva vAle ziSya ko "jahA suNI pUi kaNNI"(uttarAdhyayana, prathama adhyayana, gAthA-4) sar3e kAna vAlI kutiyA kI taraha gaNa, gaccha, saMgha sabhI se tiraskAra pUrvaka nikAla diyA jAtA hai| uttama zIla ko chor3akara AcArya kA avinaya karane vAlA duHzIla meM ramaNa karatA hai| (uttarA. 1.5) dazavaikAlika sUtra, adhyayana-9 vinaya samAdhi, uddezaka-1 meM guru evaM AcArya kI avinaya AzAtanA ke duSpariNAma die gae haiM, yathA je yAvi maMditti guruM viittA, Dahare ime appasuTa ti nnccaa| hIlaMti micchaM paDivajjamANA, karaMti AsAyaNaM te guruNaM / / (gAthA-2) jo ziSya guru ko alpazruta aura maMda buddhi jAnakara guru kI hIlanA karate haiM ve apane jJAnAdi bhAva kI kamI karate hue mithyAtva bhAva ko prApta hote haiN| Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ || 10 janavarI 2011 || jinavANI 39 ___evAyariyaM pi hu hIlayaMto NiyacchaI jAi pahaM khu maMdo / / (gAthA-4) arthAt AcArya kA anAdara karane vAlA maMdamati ekendriya Adi vividha jAtiyoM, yoniyoM meM janma maraNa prApta karatA hai| AyariyapAyA puNa appasaNNA abohi-AsAyaNa Nasthi mukkho|| (gAthA 5,10) arthAt AcAryacaraNa kI aprasannatA abodhi janaka hotI hai| ataH AcArya kI avinaya AsAtanA yA avahelanA karane vAloM ko samyak darzana Adi AtmaguNoM kI prApti nahIM hotI, use mokSa prApta nahIM hotaa| na yA vi mukkho guru hIlaNAe / / (gAthA-7) ataH guru AzAtanA ko hAniprada jAnakara una doSoM se virata rahane vAlA sAdhu guru-icchA ke anurUpa calane meM evaM zruta-cAritra kI ArAdhanA meM UrdhvagAmI banakara saMsAra meM pUjanIya hotA hai| bhagavatIsUtra zataka 20, uddezaka 8 ke anusAra bhagavAna mahAvIra kA yaha zAsana paMcama Are ke carama divasa taka inhIM AcAryoM kI dharma prabhAvanA se jayavaMta rhegaa| paMcama Are ke aMta meM bhI eka sAdhu, eka sAdhvI, eka zrAvaka, eka zrAvikA raheMge jo ekabhavatArI hoNge| samyaktva pradAna karane vAle una satpuruSoM ke upakAra se yaha jIva aneka janmoM taka karor3oM prakAra ke upakAra karake bhI uRNa nahIM ho sktaa| jagat ke una samasta jJAnavAn-kriyAvAna AcArya bhagavantoM ke pAvana sarojoM meM hRdaya kI asIma AsthA ke sAtha sAdara smrpit| - 'aMkura' ema-51-e, AnA sAgara liMka roDa, ajamera-305001 (rAja.) Jain Educationa International For Personal and Private Use Only