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________________ - --0-0-- -- 000000000000 ------------ -----------0--0-0-0-0-0-0--2 0 abhayakumAra jaina, ema0 e0, bI0 eDa0 jaina sAhitya ke vyAsa-kalikAla sarvajJa prAcArya hema sAhityaratna (bInA, ma0pra0) I candra ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva kI eka virala jhAMkI yahA~ hai prastuta hai| h-or-o-o-or-o-o------------o-o-o-o-o prAcArya hemacaMdra : jIvana, vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 000000000000 Acx SA USTANCE bhAratIya vAGmaya ke vikAsa meM jina AcAryoM ne mahAn yogadAna diyA hai unameM 'kalikAla sarvajJa' kI upAdhi se vibhUSita AcArya hemacandra kA sthAna anyatama hai| ve 'jJAna ke sAgara' the| unakA vyaktitva vyApaka, vizAla, preraka va gauravapUrNa thaa| kalikAla sarvajJa kI upAdhi hI unake vyaktitva kI vizAlatA evaM vyApakatA kI dyotaka hai| ve adbhuta pratibhA ke dhanI the| unakI sarvatomukhI pratibhA kisI viSaya vizeSa taka hI sImita nahIM thI; apitu unhoMne vibhinna viSayoM para mahAn granthoM kA praNayana kara vAGmaya ke pratyeka kSetra ko apanI lekhinI se vibhUSita aura samRddha kiyaa| ve eka mUrtimAna jJAnakoSa the| inameM eka sAtha hI vaiyAkaraNa, AlaGkArika, dArzanika, sAhityakAra, itihAsakAra purANakAra, koSakAra, chandonuzAsaka, dharmopadezaka aura mahAn yugakavi kA anyatama samanvaya huA hai| kevala sAhityika kSetra meM hI nahIM, apitu sAmAjika, sAMskRtika, dhArmika evaM rAjanaitika kSetroM meM bhI AcArya zrI ne apUrva yogadAna diyA hai| ve sarvajanahitAya, sarvajanasukhAya tathA sarvopadezAya isa bhUtala para avatarita hue the| niHsandeha bhArata ke manISiyoM aura RSiyoM kI paramparA meM unakA nAma svarNAkSaroM meM likhA jAne yogya hai| AcArya zrI kA janma gujarAta pradeza ke ahamadAbAda nagara se lagabhaga 66 kilomITara dUra dakSiNa-pazcima meM sthita 'dhuMdhukAnagara' yA 'dhaMdhukya' meM vi0saM0 1145 kI kArtika pUrNimA kI rAtri kI maMgalabelA meM huA thaa| prAcInakAla meM yaha eka samRddhi sampanna aura suvikhyAta nagara thA / saMskRta ke itara granthoM meM isa nagara ke nAma 'dhundhukapura' athavA 'dhuMdhukka' nagara bhI milate haiM / 2 inake pitA kA nAma 'cacca' athavA 'cAciga' tathA mAtA kA nAma 'cAhiNI' athavA 'pAhiNI' thaa| ye mor3havaMzIya vaizya the| cUMki inake pUrvajoM kA niSkramaNa grAma 'mor3herA' se huA thA isI se ye mor3havaMzIya kahe jAte the| kahA jAtA hai ki inake pitA zaivadharmAvalambI the tathA mAtA jainadharmAvalambI thiiN| dhArmika sahiSNutA aura prema kA yaha eka acchA udAharaNa thaa| pAhiNI kA bhAI (caGgadeva kA mAmA) neminAga thA jo pUrNata: jainadharmAvalambI thA aura jisane anta meM jainIdIkSA bhI grahaNa kI thii| prArambhika avasthA meM bAlaka kA nAma 'caGgadeva' rakhA gayA thaa| bAlaka kA yaha nAmakaraNa inakI kuladevI 'cAmuNDA' aura kulayakSa 'gonasa' ke AdyakSaroM ke mela se unakI smRti svarUpa kiyA gayA thaa| somaprabhasUri ke varNana ke anusAra jisa samaya caGgadeva apanI mAtA ke garbha meM the usa samaya unakI mAtA ne adbhuta svapna dekhe the| 'prabhAvaka carita' meM bhI mAtA dvArA adbhuta svapna dekhe jAne kA varNana hai tathA rAjazekhara ne bhI 'prabandha koza' meM mAtA ke isa svapna ke viSaya meM likhA hai| janmoparAnta bAlaka caGgadeva kA kramika vikAsa zIghra sampanna huaa| 'honahAra biravAna ke hota cIkane pAta' kI lokokti ke anusAra bAlaka caGgadeva apanI prArambhika avasthA se hI atyadhika honahAra va nipuNa thaa| mAtA-pitA aura dharmaguruoM ke samparka se bAlaka meM sadguNoM kA vikAsa honA prArambha huaa| jaba ye kevala ATha varSa ke hI the tabhI (vi0saM0 1154 meM) inhoMne apane samaya ke prasiddha AcArya devacandra se sAdhudIkSA grahaNa kara lI thii| ye hI inake dIkSAguru, zikSAguru aura vidyAguru the / A0 hemacandra ne bhI apane ina guru ke nAma kA spaSTa ullekha apane 'triSaSThizalA kA puruSa carita' meM kiyA hai|' dIkSoparAnta caGgadeva kA nAma 'somacandra' rakhA gayA thaa| - lAla-Hira
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________________ AcArya hemacandra : jIvana vyaktitva evaM kRtitva | 453 . 000000000000 000000000000 ......" caGgadeva kI sAdhudIkSA ke sambandha meM prabandhakoza, prabhAvakacarita tathA prabandhacintAmaNi meM kucha prasaGga upalabdha hote haiN| prabandhakoza (hemasUriprabandha) meM rAjazekhara ne likhA hai ki caGgadeva ke mAmA neminAga ne A0devacandra se dharmasabhA meM caGgadeva kA paricaya kraayaa| tatpazcAt neminAga ne ghara jAkara bahina pAhiNI devI se caGgadeva ko sAdhu-dIkSA dilAne kI prArthanA kii| prabhAvaka carita0 ke varNana ke anusAra mAtA jaba apane putra ke sAtha devamandira gayI to bAlaka caGgadeva A0 devacandra kI gaddI para jA baiThA aura AcAryazrI ne pAhiNI ko svapna kI yAda dilAkara putra ko ziSya ke rUpa meM mAMga liyaa| prabandha cintAmaNi ke anusAra eka samaya AcArya devacandra 'aNahilapattana' nagara se prasthAna kara tIrthayAtrA ke prasaGga meM dhundhukA pahu~ce aura vahA~ mor3havaMziyoM kI vasahI (jaina mandira) meM devadarzana ke lie pdhaare| usa samaya zizu caGgadeva khelate-khelate apane sAthiyoM ke sAtha vahA~ A gayA aura apane bAlacApalyasvabhAva se devacandrAcArya kI gaddI para bar3I kuzalatA se jA baiThA / usake zubhalakSaNoM ko dekhakara AcArya kahane lage-'yadi yaha bAlaka kSatriya kulotpanna hai, to sArvabhauma rAjA banegA, aura yadi yaha vaizya athavA viprakulotpanna hai to mahAmAtya banegA aura yadi kahIM isane dIkSA grahaNa kara lo to yaha yuga-pradhAna ke samAna avazya hI isa yuga meM kRtayuga kI sthApanA kregaa|" caGgadeva se isa prakAra prabhAvita hokara A0 devacandra ne yaha bAlaka (caGgadeva) usakI mAM tathA anya sambandhiyoM se mAMga liyA aura sAdhudIkSA dekara isakI zikSA kA uttama prabandha stambhatIrtha meM udayana maMtrI ke ghara para kiyaa| alpakAla meM hI inhoMne tarka, lakSaNA aura sAhitya vidyAoM meM apanA adhikAra prApta kara ananya pANDitya evaM pravINatA prApta kara lii| samasta vAGmayarUpa jalarAzi ko agastya RSi kI bhAMti AtmasAt kara liyaa| tatpazcAt muni somacandra ne apane guru AcArya devacandra ke sAtha sthAna-sthAna para paribhramaNa kara apane zAstrIya evaM vyAvahArika jJAna meM kAphI vRddhi kI11 aura 21 varSa kI alpa Ayu meM hI muni somacandra sabhI zAstroM meM tathA vyAvahArika jJAna meM paripUrNa ho gye| isI samaya vi0saM0 1166 meM inake guru ne 36 AcAryoM se vibhUSita AcArya pada para pratiSThita karake inheM 'hemacandra' nAma diyA jisase ye AcArya hemacandra khlaaye| aisA bhI kahA jAtA hai ki muni somacandra candramA ke samAna sundara the aura inakA zarIra sone ke samAna tejasvI thA tathA inameM kucha asAdhAraNa zaktiyA~ bhI vidyamAna thIM ataH inhIM saba kAraNoM se somacandra ko hemacandra kahA jAne lagA thaa| astu, AcArya pada-bhUSita hemacandra kA pANDitya, sarvAGgamukhI pratibhA, prabhAva evaM vyaktitva bar3A hI AkarSaka evaM prabhAva yukta thaa| ataH inhoMne apane prabhAvI vyaktitva evaM ojasvI tathA AkarSaka vANI dvArA samAja ko apanI ora AkRSTa kiyA aura kAphI lambe samaya taka sAhitya evaM samAja kI sevA kii| agAdha pANDitya, adbhuta pratibhA aura gahana adhyayana ke phalasvarUpa inhoMne vyAkaraNa, koza, alaGkArazAstra, chandazAstra, kAvya, darzana, yogazAstra, purANa, itihAsa tathA stotra Adi vividha viSayoM para apanI lekhinI calAyI aura pratyeka viSaya para bar3I hI yogyatA pUrvaka likhA / 'sAhitya kI vipulatA evaM vistAra kI dRSTi se AcArya hemacandra ko yadi 'sAhitya samrAT' bhI kahA jAya to atyukti nahIM hogii|12 inake vidvattApUrNagranthoM ne DA0 piTarsana mahodaya ko bhI Azcarya meM DAla diyA / DA0 piTarsana mahodaya ne inako 'jJAna mahodadhi' (Ocean of knowledge) ke vizeSaNa se alaMkRta kiyA hai| somaprabhasUri ne bhI zatArthakAvya kI TIkA meM likhA hai-'jinhoMne nayA vyAkaraNa, nayA chanda zAstra, nayA dvayAzraya, nayA alaGkAra, nayA tarkazAstra aura naye jIvana-caritroM kI racanA kI haiM, unhoMne (hemacandrasUri ne) kisakisa prakAra se moha dUra nahIM kiyA hai ? 13 A0 hemacandra ne jisa vipula sAhitya kA praNayana kiyA vaha samagrarUpa meM to prApta nahIM hotA tathApi vidvAnoM kA anumAna hai ki inhoMne zatAdhika granthoM kA sRjana kiyA thaa| zraddheya munizrI puNyavijayajI ne hemacandra sUri dvArA praNIta 25 kRtiyoM ke nAma ginAye haiM unameM siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, abhidhAnacintAmaNi, anekArthasaMgraha, nighaNTukoSa, dezInAmamAlA, siddhahemaliMgAnuzAsana, dhAtupArAyaNa, yogazAstra, dvayAzrayakAvya, kAvyAnuzAsana, chando'nuzAsana tathA triSaSThizAlAkA puruSa carita Adi mahatvapUrNa racanAe~ haiM / inhoMne kucha dvAtriMzikAe~ tathA stotra bhI likhe haiM / zraddheya DA0 AnandazaMkara dhruva ke anusAra 'dvAtriMzikAeM tathA stotra, sAhityika dRSTi se hemacandrAcArya ko uttama kRtiyAM haiN| utkRSTa buddhi tathA hRdaya kI bhakti kA unameM subhaga saMyoga hai|' saMskRta, prAkRta tathA apabhraza ina tInoM bhASAoM para RUWAITIO mmm PAWAIIAL HIN m Sara/-igh
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________________ 454 | pUjya pravartaka zrI ambAlAlajI mahArAja-abhinandana granya 000000000000 000000000000 SEAST COM isakA samAna adhikAra thaa| inakA 'zabdAnuzAsana' saMskRta, prAkRta athA apabhraMza bhASAoM ke vyAkaraNa kA jJAna karAne meM atyadhika upayogI hai / apabhraMza bhASA ke lie unakA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna hai / zabdAnuzAsana meM apabhraMza bhASA kA bhI vyAkaraNa likhakara AcAryazrI ne eka bar3A hI aitihAsika kArya sampanna kiyA hai tathA apabhraMza bhASA ko saMrakSaNa pradAna kiyA hai| bAda ke vidvAnoM dvArA apabhraMza kI jo khoja ho sakI hai, usakA mukhya zreya A0 hemacandra ko hI hai / laghu hote hue bhI inakA apabhraMza vyAkaraNa sarvAMgaparipUrNa, sarala va spaSTa hai| paM0 candradhara zarmA gulerI ne hemacandra ke tIna mahattvoM kI ora hamArA dhyAna AkarSita kiyA hai 'hemacandra ne pIche na dekhA to Age dekhA, udhara kA chUTA to idhara bar3hA liyaa| apane samaya taka kI bhASA kA vivecana kara ddaalaa| yahI hemacandra kA pahalA mahattva hai ki aura vaiyAkaraNoM kI taraha kevala pANini ke lokopayogI aMza ko apane Dhacara meM badalakara hI vaha saMtuSTa na rahA, pANini ke samAna pIchA nahIM to AgA dekhakara apane samaya, taka kI bhASA kA vyAkaraNa bana gyaa|' 'apabhraMza ke aMza meM usane pUrI gAthAe~, pUre chanda aura pUre avataraNa diye / yaha hemacandra kA dUsarA mahattva hai|-apbhrsh ke niyama yoM samajha meM nahIM Ate / madhyama puruSa ke lie 'paI' zapatha meM 'tha' kI jagaha 'dha' hone se 'savadha' aura makkar3aghugdhi kA anukaraNa prayoga binA pUrA udAharaNa diye samajha meM nahIM aataa|' tIsarA mahattva hemacandra kA yaha hai ki vaha apane vyAkaraNa kA 'pANini' aura 'bhaTTojidIkSita' hone ke sAthasAtha usakA 'maTTi' bhI hai| usane apane saMskRta-prAkRta dvayAzraya kAvya meM apanI vyAkaraNa ke udAharaNa bhI die haiM tathA siddharAja jayasiMha aura kumArapAla kA itihAsa bhI likhA hai / bhaTTi aura bhaTTabhaumika kI taraha vaha apane sUtroM ke krama se calatA hai|' A0 hemacandra ke vyaktitva aura kRtitva se AkRSTa hokara gujarAta ke rAjA siddharAja jayasiMha ne inako paryApta sammAna diyA / siddharAja se hI preraNA pAkara inhoMne 'siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana' kI racanA kI thii| vi0 saM0 1166 meM siddharAja kI mRtyu hone ke pazcAt kumArapAla siMhAsanArUr3ha huA / hemacandra se prabhAvita hokara usane apane rAjya meM jIvahatyA banda karA dI thI tathA kucha samaya pazcAt jainadharma dhAraNa kara juA aura madyapAna ko bhI pratibandhita kara diyA thaa| usane apane rAjya ko sadaiva durvyasanoM se mukta rakhane kA prayatna kiyA aura aneka jainamandiroM tAlAboM dharmazAlAoM aura vihAroM kA bhI nirmANa karAyA / isa prakAra vaha bahuta samaya taka bhalI-mAMti prajA kA pAlana karatA rahA / kumArapAla kI mRtyu san 1174 (vi0 saM0 1231) meM huI / kumArapAla kI mRtyu se chaha mAha pahale hemacandra kA svargavAsa ho gayA thaa| aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki antima samaya meM A0 hemacandra ne 'pramANa-mImAMsA' kI racanA kI thii| yaha unakI apUrNa racanA hai| pAMca adhyAyoM meM isakI racanA kiye jAne kA yadyapi ullekha milatA hai parantu vartamAna meM prathama adhyAya pUrNa (prathama tathA dvitIya Ahnika) tathA dvitIya adhyAya apUrNa (prathama Ahika mAtra) hI milatA hai| zeSa grantha ko AcAryazrI yA to vRddhAvasthA ke kAraNa pUrNa nahIM kara sake haiM athavA pUrNa kara bhI liyA hai to phira yaha kAla-kavalita ho jAne se Aja upalabdha nahIM haiN| sUtrazailI meM prathita aura svopajJavRtti sahita isa laghugrantha meM pramANa aura prameya kI sAGgopAGga jAnakArI dI gayI hai / pramANa, pramAtA, prameya Adi tattvoM kA isameM sundara nirUpaNa hai / apane pUrvavartI AcAryoM se inhoMne bahuta kucha grahaNa kiyA tathA bahuta-sI maulika udbhAvanAe~ bhI kI hai / jainadarzana tathA anyadarzana sambandhI kRtiyoM ke pariprekSya meM pramANa-mImAMsA kA adhyayana karane para yaha bAta sahaja hI spaSTa ho jAtI hai| zraddhaya paM0 sukhalAla jI saMghavI ne isa dRSTi se pramANamImAMsA para eka vistRta TippaNa likhA hai, jisakI vidvAnoM ne muktakaNTha se prazaMsA kI hai| A0 hemacandra kI agAdha vidvattA kA dAya unake ziSyoM ko milA aura unhoMne sAhitya kI zrIvRddhi karane meM cAra-cAMda lagA die / unake ziSyoM meM rAmacandrasUri kI prasiddhi sampUrNa deza meM phailI huI thI aura usa samaya ke vidvAnoM meM hemacandra ke bAda inhIM kA nAma liyA jAtA thaa| isake atirikta guNacandra, mahendrasUri, vardhamAnagaNi, devacandra , udayacandra, yazazcandra, bAlacandra Adi dUsare ziSya the / ina sabakA sAhityika kSetra meM mahAna yogadAna hai| doo For Private & Personal use only
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________________ AcArya hemacandra : jIvana, vyaktitva evaM kRtitva | 455 x manISiyoM kI dRSTi meM AcArya hemacandra 1-'Creator of Gujarat consciousness'--'gujarAta kA cetanadAtA- By ke. ema. munzI. 2-'Intellectual gaint'-'boddhika rAkSasa'-By pro0 pArIkha. 3-'gujarAta ke jyotirdhara'-By gujarAta ke sAhityika manISI 4-'Ocean of knowledge'--'jJAna ke mahodadhi-DA0 piTarsana 5-'vidyAmbhonidhi :'-By. somaprabhasUri-(zatArthakAvya) 000000000000 000000000000 RAMESEX pAgamA BREAK 1 DA0 vi0bhA0 musalagAMvakara-'AcArya hemacandra', pR0 166 2 prabandhakoza-dhundhakapura / prabandha cintAmaNi-'dhundhukka' / purA0pra0saM0-'dhundhukka' / 3 prabandhacintAmaNi-mor3havaMza / prabandhakoza-mor3hajAtIya / purA0pra0saM0-mor3hakula / 4 prabandhakoza-(hemasUri prabandha) 5 prabandhacintAmaNi, pR0 83 6 (ka) prabandhacintAmaNi (hemaprabhasUricarita), pR0 83 / (kha) kumArapAla pratibodha, pR0 478 prabandhakoza, prabandhacintAmaNi, kumArapAla pratibodha tathA purAtana prabandha saMgraha meM inakI sAdhudIkSA ke samaya kI . Ayu ATha varSa hI batalAyI gayI hai| triSaSThi za0 pu0 carita-prazasti, zloka 14 / 6 prabandhakoza (hemasUri prabandha) 10 prabhAvaka carita, pR0 347, zloka 848 / / 11 kAvyAnuzAsana kI aMgrejI prastAvanA-pro0 pArIkha / 12 DA0 vi0bhA0 musalagAMvakara-'AcArya hemacandra' / 13 (ka) 'kluptaM vyAkaraNaM navaM viracitaM chando navaM vyAzrayA laMkArI prathitI navI prakaTitaM zrIyogazAstraM navam / tarka : saMjanitaM navo jinavarAdInAM caritraM navaM, baddhaM yena na kena kena vidhinA mohaH kRto dUrataH / / -tArthakAvya (kha) "vidyAmbhonidhiH maMthamaMdaragiriH zrI hemacandro guruH' -zatArthakAvya 14 anyayoga vyavaccheda kI syAdvAda maJjarI TIkA-sampAdita-A. zaM0 dhra va 15 purAnI hindI, pR0 126 ENSE RAMDARA EDUCE928 -.'.:.SXA1