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________________ AcArAMgasUtra eka vizleSaNa : AcArAMgasUtra jaina Agama sAhitya kA eka prAcInatama grantha hai, yaha ardhamAgadhI meM likhA gayA hai, kintu isake prathama aura dvitIya zrutaskattha kI bhASA eka dUsare se pUrNatayA bhinna hai jahA~ prathama zrutaskandha meM ardhamAgadhI kA prAcInatama rUpa parilakSita hotA hai vahA~ dvitIya zrutaskandha prathama zrutaskandha kI apekSA bhASA kI dRSTi se paravartI aura vikasita lagatA hai| yadyapi AcArAMga mUlataH ardhamAgadhI prAkRta kA grantha hai kintu usa para mahArASTrI prAkRta kA prabhAva A gayA hai phira bhI prazrutaskandha meM yaha prabhAva nagaNya hI hai| merI dRSTi meM isa prabhAva kA kAraNa mUlataH eka lambI avadhi taka isakA maukhika banA rahanA hai| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki jo aMza spaSTa rUpa se aura sampUrNa rUpa se mahArASTrI ke haiM ve bAda meM jor3e gaye ho| yadyapi isa sambandha meM nizcayAtmaka rUpa se kucha bhI kaha pAnA kaThina hai| phira bhI bhASA sambandhI isa prabhAva kA kAraNa uparyukta donoM vikalpoM meM se hI hai| prathama zrutaskandha mUlataH aupaniSadika sUtrAtmaka zailI meM likhA gayA hai jabaki dUsarA mukhya rUpa se vivaraNAtmaka aura padyarUpa meM hai| prathama zrutaskandha kI jo bhASA hai yaha gadya aura padya donoM se bhinna hai| yadyapi prathama zrutaskandha meM bhI padma kucha A gaye haiM phira bhI usakI sUtrAtmaka zailI dUsare zrutaskandha kI zailI se bhinna hai| hameM to aisA lagatA hai ki prAkRta-granthoM kI racanA meM sarvaprathama AcArAMga kI prathama zrutaskandha kI sUtrAtmaka zailI kA vikAsa huA, phira sahaja padya likhe jAne lage, phira usake bAda vikasita stara ke gadya likhe gye| bhASA aura zailI ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se AcArAMga ke donoM zrutaskandhoM meM lagabhaga tIna zatAbdiyoM kA antara to avazya rahA hogaa| AcArAMga meM AcAra ke siddhAntoM aura niyamoM ke liye jisa manovaijJAnika AdhArabhUmi aura manovaijJAnika dRSTi ko apanAyA gayA hai, vaha tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke liye adbhuta AkarSaNa kA viSaya hai| AcArAMgasUtra kA pratipAdya viSaya zramaNa-AcAra kA saiddhAntika evaM vyAvahArika pakSa hai| cU~ki mAnavIya AcAra mana aura buddhi se nikaTa rUpa se jur3A huA hai, ataH yaha svAbhAvika hai ki AcAra ke sambandha meM koI bhI prAmANika cintana manovaijJAnika satyoM ko nakAra kara Age nahIM bar3ha sakatA hai| hameM kyA honA cAhiye yaha bahuta kucha isa bAta para nirbhara karatA hai ki hama kyA haiM aura kyA ho sakate haiM? hamArI kSamatAe~ evaM sambhAvanAe~ kyA hai? AcaraNa ke kisI sAdhya aura siddhAnta kA nirdhAraNa sAdhaka kI manovaijJAnika prakRti ko samajhe binA sambhava nahIM hai hameM yaha dekhanA hai ki AcArAMga meM AcAra ke siddhAntoM evaM niyamoM ke pratipAdana meM kisa sImA taka isa dArzanika, manovaijJAnika evaM samAjazAstrIya dRSTi kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| paricaya mila jAtA hai| sUtra kA prArambha hI astitva sambandhI mAnavIya jijJAsA se hotA hai| pahalA hI prazna hai asthi me AyA uvavAie, natthi me AyA uvvaaie| ke a AsI ke vA io cuo i pecchA bhavissAmi / / 1/1/1/3 isa jIvana ke pUrva merA astitva thA yA nahIM athavA isa jIvana ke pazcAt merI sattA banI rahegI yA nahIM? maiM kyA thA aura mRtyu ke uparAnta kisa rUpa meM hoU~gA? yahI apane astitva kA prazna mAnavIya jijJAsA aura mAnavIya buddhi kA prathama prazna hai, jise sUtrakAra ne sarva prathama uThAyA hai| manuSya ke liye mUlabhUta prazna apane astitva yA sattA kA hI hai| dhArmika evaM naitika cetanA kA vikAsa bhI isI astitvabodha yA svarUpa bodha para AdhArita hai manuSya kI jIvana-dRSTi kyA aura kaisI hogI, yaha bahuta kucha isa bAta para nirbhara karatA hai ki apane astitva, apanI sattA aura svarUpa ke prati usakA dRSTikoNa kyA hai? pApa aura puNya athavA dharma aura adharma kI sArI mAnyatAe~ astitva kI dhAraNA para hI khar3I huI haiM isIliye sUtrakAra ne kahA hai ki jo isa " astitva" yA sva-sattA ko jAna letA hai vahI AtmavAdI hai, lokavAdI hai, karmavAdI hai aura kriyAvAdI hai (sohaM se AyAbAI logAbAI kammavAI kiriyAbAI 1 / 1 / 1 / 4-5) vyakti ke liye mUlabhUta aura sArabhUta tatva usakA apanA astitva hI hai, aura sattA yA astitva ke isa mUlabhUta prazna ko uThAkara granthakAra ne apanI manovaijJAnika dRSTi kA paricaya diyA hai| Adhunika manovijJAna meM bhI jijIviSA aura jijJAsA mAnava kI mUla pravRttiyoM mAnI gayI haiN| astitva sambandhI jijJAsA mAnavIya buddhi kA prathama prazna AcArAMgasUtra ke utthAna meM hI hameM usakI dArzanika dRSTi kA 183] satya kI khoja meM sandeha (dArzanika jijJAsA) kA sthAna yaha kitanA Azcaryajanaka hai ki AcArAMga zraddhA ke sthAna para saMzaya ko satya kI khoja kA eka Avazyaka caraNa mAnatA hai| sambhavatayA aisA pratIta hotA hai ki jainadharma ke Arambhika kAla meM zraddhA kA tattva itanA pramukha nahIM thaa| AcArAMga meM " NikkhittadaMDANaM samAhiyANaM patrANamaMtANaM iha muttimagrga" (1 / 6 / 1) kahakara samAdhi evaM prajJA ke rUpa meM jisa mukti-mArga kA vidhAna huA hai, vaha svayaM isa bAta kA saMketa karatA hai ki usa samaya taka darzana yA samyagdarzana zabda zraddhA kA sUcaka nahIM thaa| yadyapi AcArAMga meM daMsaNa aura sammatadaMsI zabdoM kA prayoga dekhA jAtA hai, kintu merI dRSTi meM kahIM bhI isakA prayoga zraddhA ke artha meM nahIM huA hai| adhika se adhika ye zabda "dRSTikoNa" yA "siddhAnta" ke artha meM prayukta huye haiM, jaise- evaM pAsagassa daMsaNaM ( 1 | 3 | 4) / vastutaH manovaijJAnika dRSTi se kisI bhI dhArmika Andolana meM zraddhA kA tattva usake paravartI yuga meM jabaki vaha kucha vicAroM evaM mAnyatAoM se Abaddha ho jAtA hai, adhika mahattvapUrNa bana jAtA hai|
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakagranya - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya AcArAMga meM saMzaya kA jo sthAna svIkAra kiyA gayA hai vaha dArzanika mana kA jJAna : sAdhanA kA prathama caraNa dRSTi se kAphI upayogI hai| mAnavIya jijJAsAvRtti ko mahattva dete nirgrantha sAdhaka ke lakSaNoM kA vivecana karate hue sUtrakAra kahatA hae to yahA~ taka kahA gayA hai ki "saMsaya pariAgao saMsAre paritraye hai-jo maNaM parijANaI se niggaMthe je maNe apaave-2|15|45| (115 / 1)" arthAt saMzaya ke jJAna se hI saMsAra kA jJAna hotA hai| jo mana ko jAnatA hai aura use apavitra nahIM hone detA hai, vahI nirgrantha Aja samasta vaijJAnika jJAna ke vikAsa meM saMzaya (jijJAsA) kI paddhati hai, isa prakAra nimrantha zramaNa kI sAdhanA kA prathama caraNa hai mana ko ko Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| saMzaya kI paddhati ko Aja eka vaijJAnika jAnanA aura dUsarA caraNa hai mana ko apavitra nahIM hona denaa| mana kI paddhati ke rUpa meM mAnyatA prApta hai| jJAna ke kSetra meM pragati kA yahI zuddhi bhI svayaM manovRttiyoM ke jJAna para nirbhara hai| mana ko jAnane kA ekamAtra mArga hai, jise sUtrakAra ne pUrI taraha samajhA hai| jJAna ke vikAsa matalaba hai andara jhA~kakara apanI manovRttiyoM ko pahacAnanA, mana kI kI yAtrA sandeha (jijJAsA) se hI prArambha hotI hai, kyoMki saMzaya ke granthiyoM ko khojanA, yahI sAdhanA kA prathama caraNa hai| roga kA jJAna sthAna para zraddhA A gayI to vicAra kA dvAra hI banda ho jAegA, vahA~ aura usakA nidAna usase chuTakArA pAne ke liye Avazyaka hai| Adhunika jJAna kI pragati kaise hogI? saMzaya vicAra ke dvAra ko udghATita karatA manovijJAna kI manovizleSaNa vidhi meM bhI malAzayoM se mukta hone hai| vicAra yA cintana se viveka jAgRta hotA hai, jJAna ke naye AyAma ke liye unako jAnanA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| antardarzana aura prakaTa hone lagate haiN| AcArAMga jJAna kI vikAsa yAtrA ke mUla meM sandeha manovizleSaNa Adhunika manovijJAna kI mahattvapUrNa vidhiyA~ haiM, AcArAMga ko svIkAra karake calatA hai| manovaijJAnika dRSTi se jo yAtrA sandeha meM unheM nirgrantha sAdhanA kA prathama caraNa batAyA gayA hai| vastuta: AcArAMga se prArambha hotI hai, anta meM zraddhA taka pahu~ca jAtI hai| apanA samAdhAna kI sAdhanA apramattatA kI sAdhanA hai aura yaha apramattatA apanI pAne para sandeha kI pariNati zraddhA meM ho sakatI hai| isase ThIka viparIta cittavRttiyoM ke prati satat jAgarUkatA hai| cittavRttiyoM kA darzana samAdhAna-rahita andhazraddhA kI pariNati sandeha meM hogii| jo sandeha se samyagdarzana hai, svasvabhAva meM ramanA hai| Adhunika manovijJAna jisa prakAra calegA anta meM satya ko pAkara zraddhA taka pahu~ca jAegA, jabaki jo mAnasika svAsthya ke liye manogranthiyoM ko tor3ane kI bAta kahatA zraddhA se prArambha karegA vaha yA to Age koI pragati hI nahIM karegA hai usI prakAra jaina-darzana bhI Atmazuddhi ke lie graMthi-bheda kI bAta yA phira usakI zraddhA khaNDita hokara sandeha meM pariNata ho jaaygii|| kahatA hai| granthi, granthi-bheda aura nimrantha zabdoM ke prayoga svayaM AcArAMga yaha hai AcArAMga kI dArzanika dRSTi kA pricy| kI manovaijJAnika dRSTi ke paricAyaka haiN| vastuta: granthiyoM se mukti hI sAdhanA kA lakSya hai-gaMthehiM vivattehiM AukAlassa paare-18|8|11| AtmA ke svarUpa kA vizleSaNa jo granthiyoM se rahita hai vahI nirgrantha hai| nirgrantha hone kA artha hai, AtmA ke svarUpa yA svabhAva kA vivecana karate hue sUtrakAra rAga-dveSa yA Asakti rUpI gA~Tha kA khula jaanaa| jIvana meM andara aura ne spaSTa rUpa se kahA hai-je AyA se vitrAyA, je vinAyA se aayaa| bAhara se ekarUpa ho jAnA, mukhauToM kI jindagI se dUra ho jAnA, jeNa viyANai se aayaa| taM paDucca pddisNkhaaye-15|5| isa prakAra kyoMki granthi kA nirmANa hotA hai rAgabhAva se, Asakti se, mAyAcAra vaha jJAna ko Atma-svabhAva yA Atma-svarUpa batAtA hai| jahA~ Adhunika yA mukhauToM kI jindagI se| isa prakAra AcArAMga eka manovaijJAnika manovijJAna cetanA ke jJAna, anubhUti aura saMkalpa aise tIna lakSaNa satya ko prastuta karatA haiN| AcArAMga ke anusAra bandhana aura mukti batAtA hai, vahA~ AcArAMga kevala AtmA ke jJAna-lakSaNa para bala detA ke tattva bAharI nahIM, Antarika haiN| vaha spaSTa rUpa se kahatA hai ki hai| sthUla dRSTi se dekhane para yahI donoM me antara pratIta hotA hai, kintu --'baMdhappamokkho tujjha ajjhatyeva-" 1 / 5 / 2 / bandhana aura mokSa anubhUti (vedanA) aura saMkalpa yaha donoM lakSaNa zarIrAzrita baddhAtmA hamAre adhyavasAyoM kiMvA manovRttiyoM para nirbhara haiN| mAnasika bandhana ke haiM, ata: jJAna hI prathama lakSaNa siddha hotA hai| vaise AcArAMgasUtra hI vAstavika bandhana hai| ve gA~The jinhoMne hameM bA~dha rakhA hai, ve hamAre meM tathA paravartI jaina-granthoM meM bhI manovijJAna sammata ina tInoM lakSaNoM mana kI hI gA~The haiN| vaha spaSTa udghoSaNA karatA hai ki-"kAmesu giddhA ko dekhA jA sakatA hai, phira bhI AcArAMgasUtra kA AtmA ke vijJAtA nicayaM kareMti-" 1 / 3 / 2 / kAmabhAgoM ke prati Asakti se hI bandhana svarUpa para bala dene kA eka viziSTa manovaijJAnika kAraNa hai, kyoMki kI sRSTi hotI hai| vaha gA~Tha jo hameM bA~dhatI hai, Asakti kI gA~Tha AtmA kI anubhUtyAtmaka evaM saMkalpAtmaka avasthA meM pUrNata: samabhAva hai, mamatva kI gA~Tha hai, ajJAna kI gA~Tha hai| isa Asakti se pratyutpatra yA samAdhi kI upalabdhi sambhavaM nahIM hai, jaba taka sukha-duHkhAtmaka hiMsA vyakti kI aura saMsAra kI sArI pIr3AoM kA mUla srota hai| yahI vedanA kI anubhUti hai yA saMkalpa-vikalpa kA cakra cala rahA hai, AtmA jIvana meM naraka kI sRSTi karatI hai, jIvana ko nArakIya banAtI hai| para bhAva meM sthita hotA hai, citta samAdhi nahIM rahatI hai| AtmA kA esa khalu gaMthe, esa khalu mohe, esa khalu mAre, esa khalu niraesvarUpa yA svabhAva dharma to samatA hai, jo kevala usake jJAtA-draSTA 1 / 1 / 2 / AcArAMga ke anusAra viSaya bhoga ke prati jo AturatA hai, rUpa meM svarUpata: upalabdha hotA hai| vedaka aura kartA rUpa meM vaha svarUpataH vahI samasta pIr3AoM kI jananI hai (AturA pritaaveNti-11|2|) upalabdha nahIM hai| yahA~ hameM spaSTa rUpa se vizva kI samasta pIr3AoM kA eka manovaijJAnika Panoranoranoransaroransaroramodmodream6oR6A6206la 184ordNGrdNGAGRAwaridwarrorariwarranoramironorarior
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________________ natIndrasUri smAraka vizleSaNa prApta hotA hai sUtrakAra spaSTa rUpa se kahatA hai ki- "Asa ca chaMdaM ca vidhi dhIre tumaMca deva taM sallAha- 1 / 2 / 4 / he dhIra puruSaH viSaya bhogoM kI AkAMkSA aura tatsaMbaMdhI saMkalpa-vikalpoM kA parityAga kro| tuma svayaM isa kA~Te ko apane antaHkaraNa meM rakhakara duHkhI ho rahe ho| isa prakAra AcArAMga bandhana, pIr3A yA duHkha ke prati eka AtmaniSTha evaM manovaijJAnika dRSTikoNa prastuta karatA hai| vaha kahatA hai-- je AsavA te parissavA je parissavA, te AsavA (1 / 4 / 2 ) arthAt bAhara meM jo bandhana ke nimitta haiM ve bhI kabhI mukti ke nimitta bana jAte haiN| isakA Azaya yahI hai ki bandhana aura mukti kA sArA khela sAdhaka ke aMtaraMga bhAvoM para AdhArita hai| yadi isI prazna para hama Adhunika manovijJAna kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM to yaha pAte haiM ki Adhunika manovikRtiyoM ke kAraNoM kA vizleSaNa karate hue spaSTa rUpa se yaha batAyA gayA hai ki AkAMkSAoM kA uccastara hI mana meM kuNThAoM ko utpanna karatA hai aura una kuNThAoM ke kAraNa manogranthiyoM kI racanA hotI hai, jo antatogatvA vyakti meM manovikRtiyoM ko utpanna karatI hai| manovRttiyoM kI sApekSatA AcArAMgasUtra meM krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga (prema), dveSa, moha Adi kI paraspara kI sApekSatA ko sUcita karate hue yaha batAyA gayA hai ki jo inameM se kisI eka ko bhI samyak prakAra jAna letA hai vaha anya sabhI ko jAna letA hai aura jo eka para pUrNa vijaya prApta kara letA hai, vaha anya sabhI para vijaya prApta kara letA hai| (je egaM jANai se savvaM jANai, je savvaM jANai se egaM jANai, je egaM nAme se bahuM nAme je bahuM nAme se egaM nAme - 11314) Azcarya yahI hai ki abhI taka ina sUtroM ke tattvamImAMsIya yA jJAnamImAMsIya artha lagAye gaye aura inake manovaijJAnika sandarbha ko ojhala kiyA gayA, jabaki ye sUtra vizuddha rUpa se manovaijJAnika haiM, kyoMki isa uddezaka kA sampUrNa sandarbha kaSAyoM se sambandhita hai, jo manovijJAna kA viSaya hai| ina kaSAyoM ke duzcakra se vahI mukta ho sakatA hai, jo apramatta cetA hai, kyoMki jaise hI vyakti inake prati sajaga banatA hai, inake kAraNoM aura pariNAmoM ko dekhane lagatA hai, vaha manovRttiyoM ke pArasparika sambandha spaSTa hote hue pAtA hai| jaba vyakti krodha ko dekhatA hai, to krodha ke kAraNabhUta dveSabhAva aura dveSa ke kAraNabhUta rAgabhAva ko bhI dekha letA hai| jaba vaha ahaM yA mAna kA draSTA banatA hai, to ahaM kI tuSTi ke liye mAyAvI mukhauToM kA jIvana bhI usake sAmane spaSTa ho jAtA hai| sUtrakAra ne pUrI spaSTatA ke sAtha isa bAta ko prastuta kiyA ki kisa prakAra kisI eka manovRtti ( kaSAya) kA draSTA dUsarI sabhI sApekSa rUpa meM rahI huI manovRttiyoM kA draSTA bana jAtA hai| vaha kahatA hai-- jo krodha ko dekhatA hai, vaha mAna (aMhakAra) ko dekha letA hai jo mAna ko dekhatA hai vaha mAyA ( kapaTavRtti) ko dekha letA hai| jo mAyA ko dekhatA hai vaha lobha ko dekha letA hai| jo lobha ko dekhatA hai vaha rAga-dveSa ko dekha letA hai| jo rAga-dveSa ko dekhatA hai, naina maLyuM da vaha moha (avidyA) ko dekha letA hai, aura jo moha ko dekhatA hai vaha garbha (bhAvI janma) ko dekhatA hai aura jo garbha ko dekhatA hai vaha janma maraNa kI prakriyA ko dekha letA hai| isa prakAra eka kaSAya kA samyak vizleSaNa usase saMbaMdhita anya kaSAyoM kA tathA unake pariNAmoM aura kAraNoM kA samyaka bodha karA detA hai (1 / 3 / 4); kyoMki sabhI manovRttiyA~ paraspara sApekSa hokara rahatI haiM jahA~ moha hotA hai vahA~ rAga-dveSa hote haiM, vahA~ lobha hotA hI hai| jahA~ lobhavRtti hotI hai vahA~ mAyA yA kapaTAcAra A hI jAtA hai| jahA~ kapaTAcAra hotA hai vahA~ usake pIche mAna yA ahaMkAra kA prazna jur3A rahatA hai aura jahA~ mAna yA ahaMkAra hotA hai usake sAtha krodha jur3A rahatA hai| rAga ke binA dveSa kA aura dveSa ke binA rAga kA TikAva nahIM hai isI prakAra krodha kA TikAva ahaMkAra para aura ahaMkAra kA TikAva mAyAcAra para mAyAcAra kA TikAva lobha para nirbhara karatA hai| koI bhI kaSAya dUsarI kaSAya se pUrI taraha nirapekSa hokara nahIM raha sakatI hai, ataH kisI eka kaSAya kA samagra bhAva se vijetA sabhI kaSAyoM kA vijetA bana jAtA hai aura eka kA draSTA sabhI kA draSTA bana jAtA hai| , kaSAya-vijaya kA upAya : draSTA yA sAkSIbhAva AcArAMga meM muni aura amuni kA antara spaSTa karate hue batAyA gayA hai ki jo sotA hai, vaha amuni hai, jo jAgatA hai vaha muni hai| yahA~ jAgane kA tAtparya hai apane prati apanI manovRttiyoM ke prati sajaga honA yA apramattacetA honA hai| prazna ho sakatA hai ki apramattacetA yA sajaga honA kyoM Avazyaka hai? vastutaH jaba vyakti apane antara meM jhAMkakara apanI vRttiyoM kA draSTA banatA hai to durvicAra aura duSpravRttiyA~ svayaM vilIna hotI jAtI haiN| jaba ghara kA mAlika jAgatA hai to cora praveza nahIM karate haiM, usI prakAra jo sAdhaka sajaga haiM, apramatta haiM, to unameM kaSAyeM panapa nahIM sakatIM, kyoMki kaSAya svayaM pramAda hai, tathA pramAda aura apramAda eka sAtha nahIM raha sakate haiN| ataH apramAda hone para kaSAya panapa nahIM skte| AcArAMgasUtra meM bAra-bAra kahA gayA hai, 'tU dekha' 'tU dekha ( pAsa pAsa ) / yahA~ dekhane kA tAtparya hai apane prati yA apanI vRttiyoM ke prati sajaga honaa| kyoMki jo draSTA hai, vahI nirupAdhika dazA ko prApta ho sakatA hai (kimatthi uvAhI pAsagassa, Na vijjai ? natthi 1 / 3 / 4) / vastuta: AtmA jaba apane zuddha jJAtA-svarUpa meM avasthita hotI hai, saMsAra ke samasta padArtha hI nahIM varan usakI apanI cittavRttiyA~ aura manobhAva bhI use 'para' (sva se bhinna) pratIta hote haiN| jaba vaha 'para' ko 'para' ke rUpa meM jAna letA hai aura usase apanI pRthakRtA kA bodha kara letA haiM taba vaha apane zuddha zAyaka svarUpa ko jAnakara usameM avasthita ho jAtA hai| yahI vaha avasara hotA hai, jaba mukti kA dvAra udghATita hotA hai, kyoMki jisane 'para' ko 'para' ke rUpa meM jAna liyA hai usake lie mamatva yA rAga ke lie koI sthAna hI cncaroncariant peu moramcinchron AN
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________________ ---- yatIndarimAragradaya jaina AmA sAhi nahIM rahatA hai| rAga ke gira jAne para vItarAgatA kA prakaTana hotA hai, meM ahiMsA ko zAzvata, nitya aura zuddha dharma kahA gayA hai, (savve aura mukti kA dvAra khula jAtA hai| bhUyA, savve jIvA savve sattA na haMtavvA---esa dhamme suddhe, niie, sAsae samicca loye kheyaNNehiM pveie-1|4|1) aura prathama zrutaskandha ke mana ke pavitrIkaraNa kI manovaijJAnika vidhi AThaveM adhyAya ke tIsare uddezaka meM samatA ko dharma kahA gayA hai, citta ko apavitra nahIM hone dene ke liye mana kI vRttiyoM ko samiyAe dhamme AriyehiM paveie (18 / 3) vastutaH dharma kI ye do dekhanA jarUrI hai, kyoMki yaha mana ko duSpravRttiyoM se bacAne kI eka vyAkhyAe~ do dRSTikoNoM kA pratinidhitva karatI haiN| ahiMsA vyAvahArika manovaijJAnika paddhati hai| Adhunika manovijJAna ke anusAra mana eka samAja-sApekSa dharma hai, jabaki vaiyaktika evaM Antarika dRSTi se samabhAva hI samaya meM draSTA aura kartA kI do bhUmikAoM kA nirvAha nahIM kara hI dharma hai| saiddhAMtika dRSTi se ahiMsA aura samabhAva meM abheda hai, sakatA hai| udAharaNa ke lie vaha apane krodha kA kartA evaM draSTA eka kintu vyAvahArika dRSTi se ve alaga hai| samabhAva kI bAhya abhivyakti sAtha nahIM ho sktaa| mana jaba kartA se draSTA kI bhUmikA meM AtA ahiMsA bana jAtI hai aura yahI ahiMsA jaba svakendrita (svadayA) hotI hai to manovikAra svayaM vilIna hone lagate haiN| mana to svata: hI vAsanA hai to samabhAva bana jAtI hai| aura vikAra se mukta ho jAtA hai| isaliye kahA gayA hai-appamatto kAmehiM uvrto-1|2|1| savvato pamattassa bhayaM-appamattassa natthi samatva yA samatA dharma kyoM? bhyN-13|4| jo apramatta hai vaha kAmanAoM se aura pApa karmoM se yaha prazna svAbhAvika rUpa se utpanna hotA hai ki samatA ko dharma uparata hai, pramatta ko hI viSaya-vikAra meM pha~sane kA bhaya hai apramatta kyoM mAnA jAve? jaina-paramparA ke paravartI granthoM meM dharma kI vyAkhyA ko nhiiN| apramattatA yA samyagdraSTA kI avasthA meM pApa-karma asambhava 'vatthu-sahAvo dhammo' ke rUpa meM kI gaI hai, ata: samatA ko tabhI ho jAtA hai, isIliye kahA gayA hai-sammattadaMsI na karei pAvaM- dharma mAnA jA sakatA hai jabaki vaha prANIya svabhAva siddha ho jAve, 11312 arthAt samyagdraSTA koI pApa nahIM karatA hai| AcArAMga meM mana jarA isa prazna para manovaijJAnika dRSTi se vicAra kreN| ko jAnane athavA apramatta cetanA kI jo bAta bAra-bAra kahI gaI hai, jaina-darzana meM mAnava-prakRti evaM prANI- prakRti kA gahana vizleSaNa vaha mana ko vAsanAmukta karane kA yA mana ke pavitrIkaraNa kA eka kiyA gayA hai| mahAvIra se jaba yaha pUchA gayA ki AtmA kyA hai? aisA upAya hai jisakI prAmANikatA Adhunika manovijJAna ke prayogoM AtmA kA sAdhya yA Adarza kyA hai? taba mahAvIra ne isa prazna kA se siddha ho cukI hai| jaba sAdhaka apramatta cetanA se yukta hokara draSTAbhAva jo uttara diyA thA vaha Aja bhI manovaijJAnika dRSTi se satya hai| mahAvIra meM sthita hotA hai taba sArI vAsanAyeM aura sAre Avega svata: zithila ne kahA thA-AtmA samatva rUpa hai aura samatva hI AtmA kA sAdhya ho jAte haiN| isI prakAra anyatra yaha kahakara ki "AyaMkadaMsI na karei hai (AyAe sAmAie AyA sAmAissa atttth-bhgvtiisuutr)| vastutaH pAvaM -13 / 2 / " puna: eka manovaijJAnika satya ko ujAgara kiyA jahA~ bhI jIvana hai, cetanA hai, vahA~ samatva ke saMsthApana ke anavarata gayA hai| jo apanI pIr3A yA vedanA ko dekha letA hai usake liye prayAsa cala rahe haiN| parivezajanya viSamatAoM ko dUra kara samatva ke pApakarma meM pha~sanA eka manovaijJAnika asambhAvanA bana jAtI hai| jaba liye prayAsazIla bane, yaha jIvana yA cetanA kA mUla svabhAva hai| zArIrika vyakti pApakarma yA hiMsA janita pIr3A kA svayaM AtmaniSTha rUpa meM anubhava evaM mAnasika stara para samatva kA saMsthApana hI jIvana kA lakSaNa hai| karatA hai, hiMsA karanA usake liye asambhava ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra DA0 rAdhAkRSNan ke zabdoM meM 'jIvana gatizIla santulana hai ' (jIvana hama dekhate haiM ki sUtrakAra pApa se virata hone ke lie manovaijJAnika / kI AdhyAtmika dRSTi, pR0 259) / spensara ke anusAra pariveza meM satyoM para adhiSThita paddhati prastuta karatA hai| nihita tathya jIvana ke saMtulana ko bhaMga karate rahate hai aura jIvana apanI kriyAzIlatA ke dvArA puna: isa saMtulana ko banAne kA prayAsa dharma kI manovaijJAnika vyAkhyA karatA hai| yaha saMtulana banAne kA prayAsa hI jIvana kI prakriyA hai (pharsTa AcArAMga meM ahiMsA, samAdhi aura prajJA ko mokSamArga kahA gayA / priMsipalsa-spensara, pR066)| vikAsavAdiyoM ne ise hI astitva hai| isameM ahiMsA ko pUrNa sthAna diyA gayA hai| yahA~ sAdhanA kA krama / ke liye saMgharSa kahA hai, kintu merI apanI dRSTi meM ise astitva ke andara se bAhara kI ora na hokara bAhara se andara kI ora hai, jo liye saMgharSa kahane kI apekSA samatva ke saMsthApana kA prayAsa kahanA adhika manovaijJAnika hai| ahiMsA kI sAdhanA ke dvArA jaba taka pariveza hI adhika ucita hai| samatva ke saMsthApana evaM samAyojana kI prakriyA evaM cittavRtti nirAkula nahIM banegI, samAdhi nahIM hogI aura jaba taka hI jIvana kA mahattvapUrNa lakSaNa hai| samAdhi nahIM AegI prajJA kA udaya nahIM hogaa| isa sandarbha meM AcArAMga isa prakAra jaina-darzana meM samabhAva yA vItarAga dazA ko hI ke dRSTikoNa meM aura paravartI jaina-darzana ke dRSTikoNa meM spaSTa antara naitika jIvana kA Adarza mAnA gayA hai| yaha bAta manovaijJAnika dRSTi hai| vaha AcAra-zuddhi se vicAra-zuddhi kI ora bar3hatA hai| se bhI sahI utaratI hai| saMgharSa nahIM, apitu samatva hI jIvana kA Adarza AcArAMga meM dharma kyA hai? isake do nirdeza hameM upalabdha hote ho sakatA hai, kyoMki yahI hamArA svabhAva hai aura jo sva svabhAva haiN| prathama zrutaskandha ke caturtha adhyayana ke prathama uddezaka ke prArambha hai vahI Adarza hai| svabhAva se bhinna Adarza kI kalpanA ayathArtha hai|
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smArakrayadaya jaina Agama evaM sAhitya - spensara, DArvina evaM ArsA prabhRti kucha pAzcAtya vicAraka saMgharSa ko ko sthApita kiyA hai| yadyapi mekeMjI ne "bhaya" ko ahiMsA kA AdhAra hI jIvana kA svabhAva mAnate haiM, lekina yaha eka mithyA dhAraNA hai| mAnA hai, kintu usakI yaha dhAraNA galata hai, kyoMki bhaya ke siddhAnta Adhunika vijJAna ke anusAra vastu kA svabhAva vaha hotA hai, jisakA ko yadi ahiMsA kA AdhAra banAyA jAyegA to vyakti kevala sabala nirAkaraNa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| jaina-darzana ke anusAra nitya aura kI hiMsA se virata hogA, nirbala kI hiMsA se nhiiN| bhaya ko AdhAra nirapavAda vastudharma hI svabhAva hai| yadi hama ise kasauTI para kaseM to mAnane para to jisase bhaya hogA usI ke prati ahiMsaka buddhi banegI, saMgharSa evaM tanAva jIvana kA svabhAva siddha nahIM hotA hai| dvandvAtmaka jabaki AcArAMga to prANiyoM ke prati yahA~ taka ki vanaspati, jala bhautikavAda ke anusAra manuSya-svabhAva saMgharSa hai, mAnavIya itihAsa aura pRthvIkAyika jIvoM ke prati bhI ahiMsaka hone kI bAta karatA varga-saMgharSa kI kahAnI hai| saMgharSa hI jIvana kA niyama hai| kintu yaha hai| ata: AcArAMga meM ahiMsA ko bhaya ke AdhAra para nahIM, apatui eka mithyA dhAraNA hai|ydi saMgharSa hI jIvana kA niyama hai, to phira jijIviSA aura sukhAkAMkSA ke manovaijJAnika satyoM ke AdhAra para dvandvAtmaka bhautikavAda saMgharSa kA nirAkaraNa kyoM karanA cAhatA hai, saMgharSa adhiSThita kiyA gayA hai| puna: ahiMsA ko ina manovaijJAnika satyoM miTAne ke lie hotA hai| jo miTAne kI, nirAkaraNa karane kI vastu ke sAtha-sAtha tulyatA-bodha ke bauddhika siddhAnta para khar3A kiyA gyaa| hai, kyA use svabhAva kahA jA sakatA hai? saMgharSa yadi mAnava-itihAsa vahA~ kahA gayA hai ki 'je ajjhatthaM jANai se bahiyA jANai-..-eyaM kA eka tathya hai to vaha usake doSoM kA itihAsa hai, usake svabhAva tullmnnesiN'-1|17| jo apanI pIr3A ko jAna pAtA hai vahI tulyatAkA itihAsa nhiiN| mAnava-svabhAva saMgharSa nahIM, saMgharSa kA nirAkaraNa yA bodha ke AdhAra para dUsaroM kI pIr3A ko bhI samajha sakatA hai| yaha samatva kI sAdhanA hai, kyoMki yugoM se mAnavIya prayAsa usI ke lie prANIya pIr3A kI tulyatA ke bodha ke AdhAra para hone vAlA AtmasaMvedana ho rahe haiN| hI ahiMsA kA AdhAra hai| sUtrakAra to ahiMsA ke isa siddhAnta ko saMgharSa athavA samatva se vicalana jIvana meM pAye jAte haiM, lekina adhika gaharAI taka adhiSThita karane ke prayAsa svarUpa yahA~ taka kaha ve jIvana ke svabhAva nahIM haiM, kyoMki jIvana kI prakriyA unako samApta detA hai ki jise tU mAranA cAhatA hai, pIr3A denA cAhatA hai, satAnA karane kI dizA meM hI prayAsazIla hai| samatA kI upalabdhi hI manovaijJAnika cAhatA hai, vaha tU hI hai (AcArAMga, 115 / 5) / Age kahatA hai ki dRSTi se jIvana kA sAdhya hai| kAmanA, Asakti, rAga-dveSa, vitarka Adi jo loga (loka) kA apalApa karatA hai vaha svayaM apanI AtmA kA sabhI mAnasika asaMtulana evaM tanAva kI avasthA ko abhivyakta karate apalApa karatA hai (AcArAMga, 113) / yahA~ ahiMsA ko adhika hai| ata: AcArAMga meM inheM azubha mAnA gayA hai| isake viparIta gahana manovaijJAnika AdhAra dene ke prayAsa meM vaha jaina-darzana ke AtmA vAsanAzUnya, vitarkazUnya, niSkAma, anAsakta, vItarAga avasthA hI sambandhI anekAtmavAda ke sthAna para ekAtmavAda kI bAta karatA sA jIvana kA Adarza hai kyoMki vaha samatva kI sthiti hai| rAga aura dveSa pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki yahA~ vaha isa manovaijJAnika satya ko dekha rahA kI vRttiyA~ hamAre cetana samatva ko bhaMga karatI haiM, ata: unase Upara hai ki kevala AtmabhAva meM hiMsA asambhava ho sakatI hai| jaba taka uThakara vItarAgatA kI avasthA ko prApta kara lenA hI sacce samatva dUsare ke prati para buddhi hai, parAyepana kA bhAva hai, taba taka hiMsA kI kI avasthA hai| vastuta: samatva kI upalabdhi AcArAMga aura Adhunika sambhAvanAe~ upasthita haiN| vyakti ke lie hiMsA tabhI asambhava ho sakatI manovijJAna donoM kI dRSTi se mAnava jIvana kA sAdhya mAnI jA sakatI hai jaba usameM prANI-jagat ke prati apanatva yA AtmIya dRSTi jAgRta hai aura jo jIvana kA sAdhya evaM svabhAva ho, vahI dharma kahA jA sakatA ho| ahiMsA kI sthApanA ke lie jo manovaijJAnika bhUmikA apekSita hai| AcArAMga spaSTa rUpa se kahatA hai ki jo samatA ko jAnatA hai thI use prastuta karane meM sUtrakAra ne AtmA kI vaiyaktikatA kI dhAraNA vahI muni-dharma ko jAnatA hai| kA bhI atikramaNa kara use abheda kI dhAraNA para sthApita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| hiMsA ke nirAkaraNa ke prayAsa meM bhI sUtrakAra ne eka AcArAMga meM ahiMsA kA manovaijJAnika vizleSaNa aura isa manovaijJAnika satya ko ujAgara kiyA hai ki hiMsA se hiMsA AcArAMga meM ahiMsA ke siddhAnta ko manovaijJAnika AdhAra para yA ghRNA se ghRNA kA nirAkaraNa sambhava nahIM hai| vaha to spaSTa rUpa . hI sthApita karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| ahiMsA ko arhat-pravacana se kahatA hai-zastroM ke AdhAra para yA bhaya aura hiMsA ke AdhAra kA sAra aura zuddha evaM zAzvata dharma batAyA gayA hai| para zAnti kI sthApanA sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki eka zastra kA pratikAra sarvaprathama hameM vicAra karanA hai ki ahiMsA ko hI dharma kyoM mAnA dUsare zastra ke dvArA sambhava hai| zAnti kI sthApanA to ahiMsA yA jaave| sUtrakAra isakA bar3A manovaijJAnika uttara prastuta karatA hai| vaha prema dvArA hI sambhava hai, kyoMki azastra se bar3hakara kucha anya nahIM kahatA hai ki sabhI prANiyoM meM jijIviSA pradhAna hai, punaH sabhI ko hai (AcArAMga, 1 / 3 / 4) / sukha anukUla aura duHkha pratikUla hai (savve pANA piAuyA suhasAyA dukkhpddikuulaa-112|3), ahiMsA kA adhiSThAna yahI AcArAMga meM mAnavIya vyavahAra ke preraka tattva manovaijJAnika satya hai| astitva aura sukha kI cAha prANIya svabhAva sAmAnyatayA rAga aura dveSa ye do karma-bIja mAne gaye haiM, kintu hai| jaina vicArakoM ne isI manovaijJAnika tathya ke AdhAra para ahiMsA inameM bhI rAga hI pramukha tathya hai| AcArAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki
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________________ Adhumabandha meM koI nizcita hI ekamAtra mUla aramAnI hai| catIndrasUri smArakagrantha - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya Asakti hI karma kA preraka tathya hai (1 / 3 / 2) / AcArAMga aura Adhunika kI dRSTi se indriya vyApAroM kA nirodha eka asvAbhAvika tathya hai| manovijJAna donoM hI isa sambandha meM ekamata haiM ki mAnavIya vyavahAra A~kha ke samakSa jaba usakA viSaya prastuta hotA hai to vaha usake saundaryakA mUlabhUta preraka tattva vAsanA yA kAma hai| phira bhI AcArAMga aura darzana se vaMcita nahIM raha sktii| bhojana karate samaya svAda ko asvIkAra Adhunika manovijJAna donoM meM vAsanA ke mUlabhUta prakAra kitane haiM, nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ata: yaha vicAraNIya prazna hai ki indriya-damana isa sambandha meM koI nizcita saMkhyA nahIM milatI hai| pAzcAtya manovijJAna ke sambandha meM kyA AcArAMga kA dRSTikoNa Adhunika manovaijJAnika meM jahA~ phrAyaDa kAma yA rAga ko hI ekamAtra mUla preraka mAnate haiM, dRSTikoNa se sahamata hai? AcArAMga isa prazna kA uttara dete hue yahI vahIM dUsare vicArakoM ne mUlabhUta prerakoM kI saMkhyA sau taka mAnI hai| bAta kahatA hai ki indriya-vyApAroM ke nirodha kA artha indriyoM ko apane phira bhI pAzcAtya manovijJAna meM sAmAnyatayA nimna 14 mUla pravRttiyA~ viSayoM se vimukha karanA nahIM, varan viSaya-sevana ke mUla meM jo nihita mAnI gaI haiM rAga-dveSa haiM unheM samApta karanA hai| isa sambandha meM usameM jo manovaijJAnika 1. palAyanavRtti (bhaya) 2. ghRNA, 3. jijJAsA, 4. AkrAmakatA dRSTikoNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai, vaha vizeSa rUpa se draSTavya hai| usameM (krodha), 5. Atmagaurava (mAna), 6. AtmahInatA, 7. mAtRtva kI kahA gayA hai ki yaha zakya nahIM ki kAnoM meM par3ane vAle acche yA. saMpreraNA, 8. samUha-bhAvanA, 9. saMgrahavRtti, 10. racanAtmakatA, 11. bure zabda sune na jAe~, ataH zabdoM kA nahIM, zabdoM ke prati jagane bhojanAnveSaNa, 12. kAma, 13, zaraNAgati aura 14. hAsya (aamod)| vAle rAga-dveSa kA tyAga karanA caahie| yaha zakya nahIM ki A~khoM AcArAMgasUtra meM bhaya, jijJAsA, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga-dveSa, ke sAmane vAlA acchA yA burA rUpa na dekhA jAye ata: rUpa kA nahIM, AtmIyatA, hAsya Adi kA yatra-tatra bikharA huA ullekha upalabdha apitu rUpa ke prati jAgRta hone vAle rAga-dveSa kA tyAga karanA caahie| hai| isake atirikta hiMsA ke kAraNoM kA nirdeza karate hue kucha karma- yaha zakya nahIM hai ki nAsikA ke samakSa AyI huI sugandha sUMghane meM prerakoM kA ullekha upalabdha hai| yathA jIvana jIne ke liye, prazaMsA na Ae ataH gandha kI nahIM, kintu gandha ke prati Ane vAle rAga aura mAna-sammAna pAne ke lie,janma-maraNa se chuTakArA pAne ke lie dveSa kI vRtti kA tyAga karanA caahie| yaha zakya nahIM hai ki jIbha tathA zArIrika evaM mAnasika duHkhoM kI nivRtti-hetu prANI hiMsA karatA / para AyA huA acchA yA burA rasa cakhane meM na aaye| ataH rasa kA hai (1 / 1 / 4) / nahIM kintu rasa ke prati jAgane vAle rAga-dveSa kA tyAga karanA caahiye| yaha zakya nahIM hai ki zarIra se samparka hone vAle acche yA bure sparza AcArAMga kA sukhavAdI dRSTikoNa kI anubhUti na ho| ata: sparza nahIM, kintu sparza ke prati jAgane Adhunika manovijJAna hameM yaha bhI batAtA hai ki sukha sadaiva anukUla vAle rAga-dveSa kA tyAga karanA cAhiye (AcArAMga 2 / 15 / 101-105) / isalie hotA hai ki usakA jIvana-zakti ko banAye rakhane kI dRSTi uttarAdhyayana meM bhI isakI puSTi kI gaI hai| usameM kahA gayA hai ki se daihika mUlya hai aura duHkha isalie pratikUla hotA hai ki vaha jIvana indriyoM ke manojJa athavA amanojJa viSaya Asakta vyakti ke lie zakti kAsa karatA hai| yahI sukha-duHkha kA niyama samasta prANIya rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa nahIM hote haiN| ye viSaya rAgI puruSoM ke lie hI vyavahAra kA cAlaka hai| AcArAMga bhI prANIya vyavahAra ke cAlaka ke duHkha (bandhana) ke kAraNa hote haiM, vItarAgiyoM ke bandhana yA duHkha kA rUpa meM isI sukha-duHkha ke niyama ko svIkAra karatA hai (AcArAMga, kAraNa nahIM ho sakate haiN| kAma-bhoga na kisI ko bandhana meM DAlate 1 / 2 / 3) / anukUla ke prati AkarSaNa aura pratikUla ke prati vikarSaNa, haiM aura na kisI ko mukta hI kara sakate haiM, kintu jo viSayoM meM rAga-dveSa yaha indriya svabhAva hai| anukUla viSayoM kI ora pravRtti, pratikUla viSayoM karatA hai, vahI rAga-dveSa se vikRta hotA hai (uttarAdhyayana 32 // se nivRtti yaha eka naisargika tathya hai, kyoMki sukha anukUla aura duHkha 100-101) / pratikUla hotA hai| vastutaH prANI sukha ko prApta karanA cAhatA hai aura jaina-darzana ke anusAra sAdhanA kA saccA mArga aupazamika nahIM duHkha se bacanA cAhatA hai| vAsanA hI apane vidhAnAtmaka rUpa meM sukha varan kSAyika hai| aupazamika mArga kA artha vAsanAoM kA damana hai| aura niSedhAtmaka rUpa meM duHkha kA rUpa le letI hai, jisase vAsanA icchAoM ke nirodha kA mArga aupazamika mArga hai| Adhunika manovaijJAnika kI pUrti ho vahI sukha aura jisase vAsanA kI pUrti na ho athavA kI dRSTi meM yaha damana kA mArga hai, jabaki kSAyika mArga vAsanAoM vAsanA-pUrti meM bAdhA utpanna ho vaha duHkh| isa prakAra vAsanA se hI ke nirasana kA mArga hai| vaha vAsanAoM se Upara uThAtA hai| yaha damana sukha-duHkha ke bhAva utpanna hokara prANIya vyavahAra kA niyamana karane nahIM, apitu citta-vizuddhi hai| damana to mAnasika gandagI ko Dhakane lagate hai| mAtra meM hai aura jaina-darzana isa prakAra ke damana ko svIkAra nahIM krtaa| jaina-dArzanikoM ne guNasthAna prakaraNa meM yaha spaSTa rUpa se batAyA hai damana kA pratyaya aura AcArAMga ki vAsanAoM ko dabAkara Ane vAlI sAdhanA vikAsa kI agrima kakSAoM sAmAnyatayA AcArAMga meM indriya-saMyama para kAphI bala diyA gayA se anivAryatayA padacyuta ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki hai| vaha to zarIra ko sukhA DAlane kI bAta bhI kahatA hai| lekina jaina-darzana bhI Adhunika manovaijJAnika ke samAna hI damana ko sAdhanA prazna yaha hai ki kyA pUrNa indriya-nirodha sambhava hai? Adhunika manovijJAna kA saccA mArga nahIM mAnatA hai| usake anusAra sAdhanA kA saccA mArga
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________________ yatIndrasUri smArakagranya - jaina Agama evaM sAhitya vAsanAoM kA damana nahIM, apatui unase Upara uTha jAnA hai| vaha indriya. karatA hai| nigraha nahIM, apitu aindrika anubhUtiyoM meM bhI mana kI vItarAgatA yA . ata: hama kaha sakate haiM ki saMkSepa meM AtmA, punarjanma, karma, samatva kI avasthA hai| bandhana, AzrRMva, saMvara, nirjarA aura mukti ina saba avadhAraNAoM ko ata: yaha spaSTa hai ki AcArAMgasUtra apanI vivecanAoM meM cAhe saMkSepa meM hI kyoM na sahI, svIkAra karake calatA hai| phira bhI manovaijJAnika AdhAroM para khar3A huA hai| uttama AcAra ke jo niyama- uparyukta vivecana se itanA spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki AcArAMga, darzana ke upaniyama banAye gaye haiM, ve bhI usakI manovaijJAnika dRSTi ke paricAyaka sambandha meM kevala unhIM tathyoM ko rakhanA cAhatA hai jo usake AcAra-zAstra haiM, kintu yahA~ una sabakI gaharAiyoM meM jAnA sambhava nahIM hai| yadyapi kI pUrva mAnyatA ke lie aparihArya haiN| jainadharma kA jo vikasita isa sampUrNa vivecanA kA yaha artha bhI nahIM hai ki AcArAMga meM jo tattvajJAna hai usakA usameM abhAva hI dekhA jAtA hai, jIva aura pudgala kucha kahA gayA, vaha sabhI manovaijJAnika satyoM para AdhArita hai| ahiMsA, ko chor3akara AkAza, dharma, adharma aura kAla kI usameM koI svatantra samatA aura anAsakti ke jo Adarza usameM prastuta kiye gae haiM, ve vyAkhyA nhiiN| cAhe manovaijJAnika AdhAroM para adhiSThita hoM, kintu unakI jIvana meM pUrNa upalabdhi kI saMbhAvanAoM para manovaijJAnika dRSTi se hI prazna-cihna AcArAMga ke AcAra-niyama bhI lagAyA jA sakatA hai| ye Adarza ke rUpa meM cAhe kitane hI suhAvane jahA~ taka AcArAMga meM pratipAdita AcAra-niyamoM kA prazna hai mUlataH hoM, kintu mAnava-jIvana meM inakI vyAvahArika sambhAvanA kitanI hai, ve sabhI niyama ahiMsA kA kendra meM rakhakara banAye gaye haiN| AcArAMga yaha vivAda kA viSaya bana sakatA hai| phira bhI mAnavIya-durbalatA ke ke AcAra-niyamoM kA kendrabindu ahiMsA kA paripAlana hI hai| jIvana AdhAra para unase vimukha honA ucita nahIM hogaa| kyoMki inake dvArA meM ahiMsA aura anAsakti ko kisa caramasImA taka apanAyA jA sakatA hI na kevala manuSya kA AdhyAtmika vikAsa hogA, apatui loka maMgala hai isakA Adarza hameM AcArAMga meM dekhane ko mila sakatA hai| AcArAMga kI bhAvanA bhI sAkAra bana skegii| ke do zrutaskandhoM meM jahA~ prathama zrutaskandha AcAra ke sAmAnya siddhAntoM ko prastuta karatA hai vahA~ dvitIya zrutaskandha usake vyavahAra-pakSa ko AcArAMga meM pratipAdita tattvajJAna spaSTa karane kA prayAsa karatA hai| vidvAnoM ne AcArAMga ke dUsare zrutaskandha jaisA ki hama saMketa kara cuke haiM ki AcArAMga mUlata: darzana ko prathama zrutaskandha kI vyAvahArika vyAkhyA hI mAnA hai| prathama zrutaskandha kA grantha na hokara AcAra-zAsa kA grantha hai phira bhI aisA nahIM kahA meM mUlata: ahiMsA, anAsakti tathA kaSAyoM aura vAsanAoM ke vijaya jA sakatA hai ki usameM darzana ke tatvoM kA pUrNata: abhAva hai| AcArAMga kA sUtra rUpa meM saMketa kiyA gayA hai| jabaki dUsare zrutaskandha meM inase kA prArambha hI eka pAriNAmika nitya AtmA kI avadhAraNA se hotA Upara uThakara kaisA jIvana jiyA jA sakatA hai isakA citraNa kiyA hai| AcArAMga AtmA aura punarjanma kI avadhAraNA ko svIkAra karake gayA hai| dUsarA zrutaskandha mUlataH muni-jIvana meM bhojana, vastra, pAtra calatA hai| vaha karma kI avadhAraNA ko bhI svIkAra karatA hai tathA Adi sAmAnya AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti kisa prakAra kI jAye isakA yaha mAnatA hai ki karma hI bandhana ke kAraNa haiN| yadi hama sUkSmatA se / vistAra se vivecana karatA hai| isa zrutaskandha kA antima bhAga jahA~ dekheM to usameM karma ko paudgalika mAnakara karma-zarIra kA bhI ullekha eka ora mahAvIra kA jIvanavRtta prastuta karatA hai vahIM dUsarI ora vaha kiyA gayA hai, aura sAdhaka ko kahA gayA hai ki vaha karma zarIra kA indriya-vijaya kI manovaijJAnika prakriyA para bhI prakAza DAlatA hai| hI vidhUnana kre| isI prakAra AcArAMga meM Azrava, saMvara aura prakArAntara yadyapi AcArAMga kA AcArapakSa vyAvahArika dRSTi se kaThora kahA jA se nirjarA kI vyavasthAyeM bhI upalabdha ho jAtI haiN| AcArAMga muktAtmA sakatA hai, kintu usameM sAdhanA ke jisa Adarza svarUpa kA citraNa ke anirvacanIya svarUpa kI bhI aupaniSadika zailI meM vyAkhyA hai, usake mUlya ko nakArA nahIM jA sktaa|