________________
l
ledaag.
The resemblances between Jainism and Bud
dhism are due, not to imitation Jainism contrasted with Buddhism but to the fact that basis of
both was the same. In both the goal is nirvana, but the term has a somewhat different connotation in the two beliefs. With the Buddhist it impliss extinction; with the Jain, escape from the body, not existence. The moral rules imposed upon neophytes are much the sami in both orders, The fivefold vow of the Jains prescribes sanctity of animal life; renunciation of lying, which proceeds from anger, greed, fear or mirth; refusal to take things not given; chastity; renunciation of worldly attachments. In its metaphysics Jainismı is more closely allied to the Sankhya philosophy than is Buddhism, the former recognizing a duality, eternal matter being opposed to eternal spirit. The Jain is more careful of animal life even tilan is the Buddhist, and to him are due those curious institutions, known as Pinjrapols or animal hospitals, in which creatures of all kinds, even vermin ire protected and fed. Buddha, as we have seen, Irid no stress on ascetism, while among the Jains it survives in a repulsive form. The most important event in the history of
the order is the schism, which The Jain schism.
18. led to the separation, maintained to this day, of the Swetambara, or 'white clothed' faction, who are found in the north and west of India, from the Digambara, or those $clothed with the sky'—in other words, the naked
