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Space (Akasa)
Provides room to soul, matter, dharma, adharma, and time Pervades everywhere (infinite)
Supports everything and thus it is self supported
Have no form, color, taste, smell, and touch
Does not perform any active action (inactive)
Provides accommodation to soul and matter of their actions Is one and whole
Space is divided into two parts:
Lokakas - Where medium of motion and rest substances exist Alokakas - The remaining space, which is empty and void
Time (Kaal)
The changes in living and non-living substances are measured in the units of time. However, time is not the cause of the changes to living and non-living substances.
There are two views exist in Jainism with regards to time.
1. Time is an imaginary thing; it has no real existence.
2. Time has a real existence consisting of innumerable time atoms.
The smallest indivisible portion of time is called Samaya. Combination of samayas are called moment, second, minute, hour, day, month, year, etc.
Innumerable samayas
16,777,216 avalis
30 muhurts
15 days
2 fortnights
12 months
one avali (time required to blink a eye)
one muhurt (48 minutes)
= one day
Jain Education International
one fortnight
= one month
= one year
= one palyopama
Innumerable years 1,000,000,000,000,000 palyopamas = one sagaropama
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