Tulsi Prajna 1994 10

SR No.: 524581
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Parmeshwar Solanki
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati
Publication Year: 1994
Total Pages: 152
Language: Hindi
Classification: Magazine, India_Tulsi Prajna, & India
File Size: 7 MB

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TULSI-PRAJNA
an inference for the sake of others (Parārthānumānam).3 Syllogism (Nyāya) is the name for a collection of five sentences which give rise to knowledge that produces consideration. These five sentences are called as members of syllogism.
The five members of syllogism are (1) Proposition (Pratijña) (2) the reason (hetu) (3) the explanatory example (udābaraṇam) (4) the application (Upanaya) and (5) the statement of conclusion (nigamanam).
The process of this five membered syllogism is as follows:1) This hill is fiery (Proposition), 2) Because it is smoky (the reason) 3) All that is smoky is fiery as is a kitchen (Explanatory
example). 4) This hill contains smoke that is invariably concomitant with
fire (the application). 5) Therefore this hill is fiery (Statement of conclusion)
(1) A proposition is the statement of what is to be proved e.g, the hill is fiery. (2) A reason is the means or proving what is to be proved through an example. In the present case the reason is being possessed of smoke. Here smoke is the reason. (3) An example is a familiar instance which is known to possess the property to be proved and which implies that this property is invariably contained in the reason given i.e. whatever is smoky is fiery as a kitchen. (4) Application is the winding up, with reference to the example, of what is to be proved as being so, e.g. So is this hill (Smoky), (5) Conclusion is the restatement of the proposition after the reason has been mentioned. It is the confirmation of the proposition after the reason and the example have been mentioned. Therefore the hill is fiery.
After these five sentences have been employed there arises in the mind of the listener consideration of the form “this hill is possessed of smoke, which has invariable concomitance with fire 5 Syllogism is therefore the name for the entire collection of these five sentences. each of which is called a member
The number of members of syllogism is the most controversial one. Controversial in the sense that there are at least five main streams of thoughts from five prominent schools of philosophy combatting with each other. On one side stands the Naiyāyika according to whom the syllogism consists of five members. On the other side we have Vedāntins, Mimānsakas, Buddhists and Jainas who have given different views about the number of members of syllogism. The views of the various philosophers are as follows: