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Vol. XVIII, No. 1
which only suggests that non-absolutism is not absolute unconditionally. But the unconditionality of Anekānta or Syādvāda is quite different from the normal meaning of unconditionality. This is like the idea contained in the passage "I do not know myself", where there is no contradiction there, there is no contradiction between knowledge and ignorance. Similarly, in the sentence, "I am undecided", there is atleast one decision that I am undecided. As a matter of fact, these critics fail to appreciate the fact that everything is possible only in relation to and as distinct from something other. Contradictory characteristics of reality are interpreted as co-existent in the same object from different points of view without any offence to logic. Law of Contradiction is the negative aspect of the Law of Identity. Hence "any charge of contradiction against the copresence of being and non-being in the real is a figment of apriori logic. "82
Reference
1. "Not in one substance because of the impossibility" Brahma Sutra, II.2.33.
2. Hamilton, Lectures, Vol. III. p.p. 25-26.
3. Mill, J.S., Examination of Hamiltons' Philosophy.
4. Hamilton, Lectures, Vol. III. p. 114.
5. See F.C.S. Schiller's Logic For Use, of Judgment' and 'Meaning'. P. 192.
6. Stebbing, L.S.. An Introduction to Modern Logic, p. 55. 7. Idid., P. 56.
8. Raju, P.T. The Four-cornered Negation, The Review of Metaphysics, Vol. VII. No. 4 June, 1954.
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37
9. Isa Upenisad, 5 and 6 cp. svet. up. III. 20; I. 8.
10. Isa Upanisad with Sankara's Commentary, 5.
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95
11.
12.
Ibid., 4. Ibid., 4. Ibid., 5.
13.
14. Umasvami, Tattvartha Sutra, See also Kundakunda Samayasāra (introduction by A. Chakravarti, p. cxxxiii)
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chapter on 'Formal Theories Also see John Dewey's Logic,
15. Rajendra Kumar, "Anekanta, Syadvada Aur Saptabhangi" in Jaina Darsana, year 1, No. I.
16. Sankara's statement quoted by A, Chakravarti in his Introduction to Samyasara, p. clix.
17. Ibid., clx.
18. Sri Bhasya of Ramanuja on Brahma-sūtra, II. 2.33.
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