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cation of lives (jiva) and nonlives (ajiva) is found in the marapiyal (sutras 27-33) (page 65-66). He also refers to the prefatory verse in Tholkappiam by Panamparanar in which the author is referred to as "Padimaiyon"- that is one who observes the Jain now known as Padimai.
Pandit Kailash Chandra Sidhantasastri in his book "Da. kshin Bharat Men Jain Dharm" says regarding the classification of animals in Tholkappiyam. "This has the appearance Jain concept. This division of the living based on the senses is not met with in any other world view (philosophy). Therefore this very ancient treatise on Tamil Grammar. which has been accepted by later scholars as an authoritative treatise, is the work of a Jain scholar." (Yeh Jain siddhant kā hi roop hai. Indriyon ka ādhär par kiya gayā jīvan ka yeh vibhāg anya darshanon men nahin pāyā jātā. Atah atyant puratan yeh Tamil Vyakaran granth, jo bād ke vidwänon dwäräh ek pramānik granth ke roop men manā gayā, ek Jain Vidwan ki krithi hai"p. 8 )
Equally vehement has been the view of a large number of Tamil scholars. llakkuvanär categorically states that "In Tholkappiyam there is not to be found any reference about Jainism or Buddhism. The attempt of Prof.
तुलसी प्रज्ञा-3
Jain Education International
Vaiyapuri Pillai to prove that Tholkappiyar is a Jain is farfetched and fanciful. Prof Vellivaranavar discussed the view-point of a Vaiyapuri Pillai in detail and maintained that Tholkäppiyar lived some 100 years before the
age of Buddha (Tholkäppiam, in English-p. 8-9).
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Tholkäppiar was no law maker like Manu. He is merely quoting the accepted views. He too accepts them. At the end of the passage on classification of Animals in Tholkappiam he says "Neridu unarnor nerippaduttinare". "This is verily the truth as the awakened have ascertained." Whether Tholkappiar was a Jain or not, he certainly accepted the classification of animals according to the number of senses as in the Jain texts as the correct usage. In this respect Tholkappiar certainly appears to be a person of Jain persuasion.
It is necessary to compare the classification of animals in Tholkäppiam more vigorously with the extant Jain system.
Tholkappiyam clearly speaks of six senses. The Jain texts speak categorically of the five senses. Panchendriani (Verse 15, chapter 2). This admits of no vagueness.
The idea of a sixth sense is foreign to latter day Indian thou. ght. We speak figuratively of a sixth sense, but it does not appear to find scientific acceptance in the classical Indian thought,
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